Abstract: The invention provides a blowing agent metering system and method for use in polymeric foam processing. The system may be used to control the rate of introduction of blowing agent into polymeric material in a processing apparatus to form a mixture having the desired blowing agent weight percentage. The metering system includes a restriction orifice which is positioned in a pathway between a blowing agent source and a blowing agent port within a foam processing apparatus. The metering system measures the pressure differential as blowing agent flows across the restriction orifice from the source to the port and may also measure the temperature of the blowing agent at one or more locations. Using a pre-determined relationship between the flow rate, the orifice dimensions (e.g., length, diameter) and the measured variables (e.g.

Abstract: An injection mold insert and a method of fabricating an injection mold insert for molding lens molds which provides a plurality of replicates of a single master mold mandrel which may be produced, for example, by diamond point. The mandrel is used to electroform an electroform mold insert component having an optical quality surface which forms a surface of an injection mold. An adhesive is used to fixedly attach the electroform mold insert to a separately machined mold insert substrate.

Abstract: A decurl apparatus includes a heating device to heat an image recording carrier web at a constant temperature, which exceeds the glass transition temperature of a support for a constant time period; and a cooling device for subsequent cooling of the image recording carrier web to a temperature equal to or lower than the glass transition temperature, while the image recording carrier web maintains a predetermined shape. The heating device includes an induction-heated heating roller and holding rollers arranged at arbitrary angular positions with respect to the outer circumference of the heating roller. As a result, the image recording carrier web is reliably decurled by a simple construction without being influenced by a transfer velocity or the like.

Abstract: An apparatus for the manufacture of compacts, preferably a tabletting machine, comprising a rotary cavity block table and a stationary filling shoe associated therewith for feeding the material used which is to be compacted in the cavity block, wherein the filling shoe is adjustable in height with respect to the surface of the rotary cavity block table via a servomotor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and method for consolidating particulate material, such as particulate material, in order to achieve at least ninety-five percent (95%) or even ninety-eight percent (98%) of its maximum theoretical density using a relatively long duration, relatively low current density current flow through the material. In one embodiment, the consolidation system includes a feedback control for monitoring various characteristics associated with the particulate material being consolidated and providing feedback information to a power supply which controls the amount of current supplied to the particulate material in order to achieve the desired density. The consolidation system and method is characterized in that the duration of the current is greater than 0.1 second, but typically less than about 1 second, while the current is less than about 10KA/cm2.

Abstract: A utility machine having an actuator and a portable control device. The portable control device exchanges data with the actuator over a wireless data transmission arrangement and is equipped with an input arrangement and an output arrangement. The actuator can be influenced by the input arrangement of the control device. A sensor for measuring an operating parameter of the utility machine influenced by the actuator generates a measured value that can be transmitted over the wireless data transmission arrangement to the control device. The output arrangement can be operated to display an information that depends on the measured value of the sensor. Thereby the operator can carry on an interactive dialog with the utility machine over the control device.

Abstract: An extruder arrangement for viscous material, especially rubber or natural or synthetic rubber mixtures, is provided. It has a screw extruder (12) with an extruder screw (16) that in the direction of conveying is followed downstream by a conveying device. The conveying device is a planetary pump (18), the outer ring (22) of which is rotatably supported.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling the surface level of a liquid residing within a relatively vertically stationary workpiece support platform disposed within a reservoir for use in stereolithographic processes wherein a layered object or structure is formed by selectively curing portions of the liquid to at least a semisolid state in multiple, at least partially superimposed layers. Providing precise control of liquid depth over the vertically stationary platform as well as focusing of a laser beam for curing the liquid at the varying surface levels thereof relative to the vertically stationary platform is effected using a laser range finder system controlled by a computer used to control the stereolithographic process in a closed loop fashion.

Abstract: The invention provides a blowing agent delivery system and method for introducing a blowing agent into a polymeric foam processing system. The delivery system is designed to introduce blowing agent into polymeric material within an extruder when polymeric material is being plasticated, for example, during the plastication period of an injection molding cycle. The rate of introduction of blowing agent into polymeric material may be coupled to the flow rate of polymeric material in the extruder to ensure precise control over blowing agent percentage in the resulting mixture of polymeric material and blowing agent. The delivery system is also designed to prevent the introduction of blowing agent into the polymeric material when polymeric material is not being plasticated, for example, during the injection period of an injection molding cycle. The delivery system may be used in conjunction with discontinuous systems including injection molding or blow molding systems.

Abstract: Injection molding machines must be provided with devices which ensure that the mold mounting plates when in open position cannot inadvertently close, wherein the conventional safety devices include a toothed locking bar disposed between two mold mounting plates and are provided with a ratchet mechanism, but which obstructs accessibility in the space between the two mold mounting plates, so that according with the present invention a blocking unit is disposed outside the space between two mold mounting plates for engagement of the drive unit of the closing unit to thereby prevent an inadvertent closure.

Abstract: The invention concerns a continuous manufacturing method which consists in producing a blank (E) by extrusion, bringing said blank to a temperature for molecular orientation, passing said blank around a radial expansion mandrel (12); gauging and cooling while subjecting the blank to axial traction. The radial expansion produced on the mandrel (12) is partial so that the internal diameter (B) of the blank (E), when it leaves the mandrel, is less than the nominal internal diameter (D) of the finished tube, performing an additional radial expansion of the blank, up to its nominal diameter, by internal fluid pressure. In permanent operating conditions, the inner surface of the blank (E) is no longer in contact with the mandrel (12).

Abstract: This invention includes a method of producing a thin, oriented layer of polymer material. The material is preferably produced by the method of introducing a shearing flow to a free surface in a predominantly monomeric solution of the self-assembling polymer sub-units, and inducing polymerization or growth of the monomer while in this shearing flow. The system for forming the oriented layer of material provides relative movement between a delivery system and the substrate on or over which the material is deposited. The rate of flow of the material from the delivery system and the relative velocity between the deposition surface and the material as it is delivered to the surface are controlled to properly orient the material at the desired thickness. These rates can be adjusted to vary the properties of the film in a controlled manner. Preferred embodiments include either angular or linear relative movement between the delivery system and the substrate.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a three-dimensional (3-D) object is disclosed. The method includes providing a layer of powder material, and selectively depositing bonding inhibitor on selected areas of the layer of powder material. The areas to be deposited with the bonding inhibitor are selected according to a cross-section design of the 3-D object. The method also includes promoting bonding of uninhibited areas of the entire layer of powder material by either sintering or balk deposition of chemical binders. The method further includes repeating the steps of providing a layer of powder material, selectively depositing bonding inhibitor, and promoting bonding until the 3-D object is formed.

Abstract: A method of controlling operation of an injection molding system in which at least one injection molding device successively executes an injection molding operation thereof so as to successively produce the molded product, and at least one takeout device successively takes out the molded product from the corresponding injection molding device so as to successively transfer the molded product to a subsequent-step part in which the molded product is further processed, while a monitoring device is arranged for detecting an abnormal operation in the subsequent-step part and generating an abnormal signal upon detection of the abnormal signal, the method comprising the steps of: changing an operation mode of the at least one of takeout device so as to transfer the molded disk to another part which is separate from the subsequent-step part, upon generation of the abnormal signal by the monitoring device; and extending a cycle time of the injection molding operation of the at least one injection molding device upon g

Abstract: An apparatus and method for spinning a synthetic yarn, wherein a heated polymeric melt is extruded through a spinneret and the resulting filaments are combined and wound to a package by means of a take-up device located downstream of the spinneret. A cooling tube for the filaments is positioned below the spinneret, and an inlet cylinder which has a gas permeable wall is positioned between the inlet cylinder and the cooling tube. The cooling tube connects to an air stream generator in such a manner that an air stream develops in the cooling tube in the direction of the advancing yarn. The air stream is formed by a quantity of air that enters the cooling tube via the inlet cylinder, and the inlet cylinder is subdivided in the direction of the advancing yarn into several zones, each with a different gas permeability, for controlling the quantity of air entering the inlet cylinder. It is thereby possible to influence with advantage the precooling of the yarn and the formation of the air stream.

Abstract: A method and device for automatically controlling hydraulic pressure in a hydraulic cylinder for hot runners of pressure regulating injection molding machines is disclosed. This device is provided with a pressure regulating unit, having both a pressure regulating spring and a pressure regulating head, at each of two hydraulic ports formed at the upper and lower portions of the cylinder's sidewall, and makes one of the two units open an associated hydraulic port when a pressure, exceeding a reference level predetermined by both the spring force of the pressure regulating spring and the cross-sectional area of the pressure regulating head, acts on the piston of the cylinder. A predetermined quantity of pressurized oil is discharged from the cylinder through the open port and thereby maintains desired constant pressure acting on the piston in the cylinder.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a plastic eyeglass lens includes a coating unit and a lens curing unit. The apparatus is preferably configured to allow the operation of both the coating unit and the lens curing unit. The apparatus may also include a post-cure unit and a controller. The controller is configured to control the operation of the coating unit, the lens curing unit and the post-cure unit. The lens forming unit may include an LCD filter disposed between activating light sources and a mold assembly. The mold assembly preferably includes two mold members held together by a gasket. The gasket preferably includes four protrusions spaced at 90 degree intervals about the gasket. A lens forming composition may include a first photochromic compound, a second photochromic compound and a light effector. The light effector may alter the color of a lens when exposed to photochromic activating light, when compared to a lens formed from a lens forming composition which does not include a light effector.

Abstract: Injection-moulding machine with at least one handling device, with an electronic stored-program control (SPC) for the injection-moulding machine and an electronic stored-program control for the handling device, characterized in that the stored-program control (SPC IMM, 17) for the injection-moulding machine (IMM) and the stored-program control (SPC R, 29) for the handling device (10) are realized on one and the same, common digital computer (30).

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for forming a sheet of polymeric material, such as polycarbonate. A forming mold is provided having halves that engage for forming a heated sheet therebetween. Each of the halves defines an interior cavity having a peripheral edge. The sheet is retained between the peripheral edges of the halves and a vacuum is generated within one of the cavities for drawing the sheet therein, whereby a sensing mechanism detects a draw depth for initiating a cooling mechanism to cool the sheet to a temperature below a glass transition temperature of the material. A series of retention mechanisms are provided about the peripheral edge of one of the halves, for biasing the sheet into engagement with the peripheral edge of the opposing half. A trimming mechanism is further provided for trimming the perimeter of the sheet to a desired form.

Abstract: A high volume lens curing system is described. The high volume lens curing system is configured to cure multiple eyeglass lenses in a continuous manner.

Abstract: A semiconductor chip molding apparatus includes an upper platen including an upper mold, a lower platen including a lower mold having a molding block configured to receive a lead frame, a controller, and an electrical detector for forming an electrical circuit between the controller and the lead frame when the lead frame is oriented improperly on the lower mold. A low-level test voltage is imparted to at least the lower mold. As a result, an electrical signal will flow from the detecting block when the lead frame rests on the detecting block. When such a signal is detected, therefore, the lead frame is determined as having been improperly set on the molding block. The signal generated is detected by a controller and used thereby to interrupt the operation of the molding apparatus.

Abstract: A process for the relaxation of interlayer sheet is disclosed containing a heating section, an air-cushion table which serves to induce interlayer sheet relaxation and cooling, a sheet tension regulating step embodying a catenary loop and continuous depth measurement, followed by a cooling step to thus condition the relaxed sheet in accordance with needs. The disclosure herein equally refers to an apparatus suitable for carrying out the interlayer sheet relaxation in accordance with the process of the invention.

Abstract: An apparatus for dewatering a slurry of elastomeric polymer and water, using an extruder or extruders provided with a device for measuring an actual water content of the elastomer at a position within the extruder or extruders, and a control system for controlling the moisture content of elastomeric polymer exiting the extruder or extruders through an exit die based, at least in part, on the measured water content.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device and method for melt spinning and cooling a filament bundle. To this end, the device comprises a spinning device with an annular spinneret for extruding the filament bundle as well as a cooling unit arranged below the spinning device. The cooling unit comprises a holding device and a coolant dispersing head that is connected to said holding device. In an operating position, said coolant dispersing head is substantially centered relative to the spinneret with contact between the spinning device and the holding device. The coolant dispersing head can be guided into a standby position at a distance from the spinneret. According to the invention, a movable shielding means is arranged laterally of the coolant dispersing head and can be moved between an initial position laterally of the coolant dispersing head and a shielding position directly underneath the spinneret.

Abstract: The present invention aims at usage of a noncontact sensor to position preforms so that angular position of each preform can be adjusted finely to take a precisely correct position before stretched and blow molded, without incurring the problem of dusting.

Abstract: A variety of support structures and build styles for use in Rapid Prototyping and Manufacturing systems are described wherein particular emphasis is given to Thermal Stereolithography, Fused Deposition Modeling, and Selective Deposition Modeling systems, and wherein a 3D modeling system is presented which uses multijet dispensing and a single material for both object and support formation.

Abstract: A non-intrusive method of determining temperature and for controlling the Electroconsolidation process is described which is based on the change with temperature of the velocity of sound as it passes through a material. Ultrasonic transducers located outside of the die, but positioned to transmit and receive an ultrasonic signal, are used to determine an average temperature in the line of sight of the transmitted signal. A single-loop feedback system may be used to control the temperature based upon a comparison of the measured temperature to the desired temperature.

Abstract: A high volume lens curing system is described. The high volume lens curing system is configured to cure multiple eyeglass lenses in a continuous manner.

Abstract: A single pass, continuous, automated system for producing a pharmaceutical granulation includes multiple feeders to feed powders and liquids, a twin screw processor to granulate, a radio frequency or microwave based drying apparatus to dry the granulation, and at least one mill to process the dried granulation to desired particle sizes. The system incorporates means for monitoring key process parameters on-line, all of which are controlled by a controller provided with feedback at each component of the system. The granulation produced can be compressed into a tablet or incorporated into a capsule, both having a uniform distribution of the active ingredient. The system produces product having consistent properties even when production is scaled up for manufacture of the tablet in commercial volume.

Abstract: A method of and a device for collecting knowledge of an injection molding technique capable of collecting knowledge of an injection molding technique from a number of expert engineers without a knowledge engineer and also collecting machine operation data obtained in performing an injection molding operation in accordance with the knowledge of the injection molding technique. A plurality of injection molding machines are connected to a server computer through a network such as LAN. A predetermined rule for collecting an expert engineer's knowledge of the injection molding technique is stored to be executable in the server computer. Each of the injection molding machines is provided with an input device for allowing an operator to input data utilizing the predetermined rule. When a problem such as a molding defect occurs in an injection molding machine, an expert engineer takes countermeasure such as modification of set values of molding conditions against the molding defect.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting paper fiber articles into molded parts. The method and apparatus are particularly advantageous in converting paper fiber cores, utilized for winding and unwinding large quantities of paper products, into plugs which are inserted into the ends of the paper fiber cores. The method and apparatus are advantageous in that the material of the paper fiber cores is converted into a molded product without requiring repulping or slurrying of the paper fiber material as in conventional paper recycling methods. The method and apparatus also do not require the introduction of adhesives, and the paper fiber material is preferably maintained substantially dry throughout the process and apparatus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a spinning line for producing a plurality of endless synthetic filament yarns. The spinning line comprises a spinning apparatus for melt spinning the yarns and a takeup apparatus for winding the yarns. Between the spinning apparatus and the takeup apparatus, a yarn collection device is arranged which cuts and removes the yarns by suction upon occurrence of a disturbance in the yarn path of at least one yarn. To this end, the yarn collection device comprises a movable yarn guide with a yarn guide groove in the yarn advance plane, a cutting device, and a suction device. The cutting device and suction device are arranged in the yarn advance plane on one side of the yarn web. The yarn guide is arranged on the opposite side of the yarn web and moved in direction of the cutting device for cutting the yarns.

Abstract: A control method for generating a manipulated variable for controlling a hydraulic drive. In this case, account is taken of at least a desired value for the speed of the hydraulic drive, a first parameter, which simulates the response characteristic of the hydraulic drive, and a second parameter, which simulates the internal resistance which the technical process, opposes to the hydraulic drive. It is advantageous that nonlinear dependencies of the hydraulic drive can be taken into account for generating the manipulated variable driving the hydraulic drive. A technically complicated sensor system may be dispensed with. The control method may serve, in particular, the nonlinear control of a plastics injection molding machine.

Abstract: A method for producing a three-dimensional object by stereolithography. A solid reinforcing material is mixed with the fluid medium so that at least a part of said solid reinforcing medium is located in the layer of the fluid medium between the top surface of the most recently formed lamina and the top surface of the fluid medium. An acoustic field is then established in the fluid medium such that this acoustic field exists in at least part of the layer of the fluid medium between the top surface of the most recently formed lamina and the top surface of the fluid medium. The solid reinforcing material is thereby moved with said acoustic force field. A three-dimensional reinforced object is thereby produced.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for electrospinning polymer fibers and membranes are described. The methods include in one aspect electrospinning a polymer fiber from a conducting fluid containing the polymer in the presence of a first electric field established between a conducting fluid introduction device and a ground source and modifying the first electric field with a second electric field to form a jet stream of the conducting fluid. In another aspect the methods include forming an electrospinning jet stream of the conducting fluid and electrically controlling the flow characteristics of the jet stream. In yet another aspect the methods include forming a plurality of electrospinning jet streams of the conducting fluid and independently controlling the flow characteristics of at least one of the jet streams.

Abstract: A method of producing a multifilament yarn from a thermoplastic polymer includes the steps of producing a majority of fluid filaments by melt-extrusion, cooling the fluid filaments to at least partly harden at a point of consolidation, guiding the hardened filaments by a yarn guiding element, sensing the tension of the hardened filaments, varying the distance between the yarn guiding element and the point of consolidation by moving the yarn guiding element in a vertical direction in response to the sensed tension, and combining the majority of hardened filaments to form at least one multifilament yarn. An apparatus for producing a multifilament yarn from a thermoplastic polymer includes a yarn guiding element being movable in a vertical direction. A drive serves to change the vertical position of the yarn guiding element with respect to a point of consolidation of the filaments. At least one sensor senses the yarn tension of the filaments.

Abstract: Improved, high-capacity processing systems including a processing device such as an extruder (26) or a pellet mill (P) are provided which minimize product losses and permit the user to conduct multiple, segregated short runs with a minimum of down time between runs. The extruder systems (20, 220) include an extruder assembly (21, 221) having a special, multiple-position die assembly (28), as well as an upstream preconditioner (24) and feed bin assembly (22). A variable speed, variable output discharge screw feeder (78) is located between the preconditioner outlet (62) and extruder barrel inlet (90). A PLC-type controller (30) coupled to the extruder assembly components establishes a choke full condition at the discharge feeder (78) so that continuous uninterrupted flow of preconditioned material to the extruder (26) at a uniform mass flow rate is maintained for as long as possible.

Abstract: A high volume lens curing system is described. The high volume lens curing system is configured to cure multiple eyeglass lenses in a continuous manner.

Abstract: To provide a monitoring system for remotely monitoring the operation of a molding apparatus or an air-flow and press molding apparatus. The monitoring systems for monitoring a molding apparatus and an air-flow and press molding apparatus include sensors, a local unit, and a remote unit. The local unit transmits the signals associated with the required attributes, which are measured by the sensors, of the molding apparatus to the remote unit via the communication network. The remote unit is designed so that it receives the signals transmitted from the local unit; thereby the user can monitor the molding apparatus or the air-flow and press molding apparatus remotely at the production and operation by them.

Abstract: Improved, high-capacity processing systems including a processing device such as an extruder (26) or a pellet mill (P) are provided which minimize product losses and permit the user to conduct multiple, segregated short runs with a minimum of down time between runs. The extruder systems (20, 220) include an extruder assembly (21, 221) having a special, multiple-position die assembly (28), as well as an upstream preconditioner (24) and feed bin assembly (22). A variable speed, variable output discharge screw feeder (78) is located between the preconditioner outlet (62) and extruder barrel inlet (90). A PLC-type controller (30) coupled to the extruder assembly components establishes a choke full condition at the discharge feeder (78) so that continuous uninterrupted flow of preconditioned material to the extruder (26) at a uniform mass flow rate is maintained for as long as possible.

Abstract: A device and a method for the melt spinning and depositing of a plurality of tows (5.1, 5.2, . . . , 5.n) utilizes several spinning devices (1.1, 1.2, . . . , 1.n) by means of which one of the tows 5.1, 5.2, . . . , 5.n is produced from a filament bundle (4.1, 4.2, . . . , 4.n). Each spinning device (1.1, 2.2, . . . , 1.n) is associated with a respective drawing-off device and a respective can depositing device (3.1, 3.2, . . . , 3.n) so that each of the tows (5.1, 5.2, . . . 5.n) can be deposited individually in a respective can (19.1, 19.2, . . . , 19.n).

Abstract: An extruder includes a barrel having a die attached to one end and at least one material inlet with a feeder for providing material to the material inlet. At least one screw is rotatively mounted in the barrel, and a motor is provided for driving the screw. A plurality of sensors is mounted in the barrel for sensing passage of screw thread edges as the screw rotates. A controller for controlling operation of the extruder receives signals from the sensors and determines local torsional deformations of the screw based on the signals. The controller slows down the extruder if any one of the local torsional deformations falls outside of an optimal range.

Abstract: A method of treating a disc plate. has the following operations of: molding a mold disc plate through an injection molding; and spinning the mold disc plate at a high spin speed. The spinning operation has at least one of the following two sub-operations of: reducing a warp of the mold disc plate with a centrifugal force caused during the spinning operation, and reducing a temperature of the mold disc plate during the spinning operation. Moreover, an apparatus of treating a disc plate has: a conveyer for conveying a mold disc plate obtained through an injection molding; a disc bench for receiving the mold disc plate conveyed with the conveyer; and a spin driver for spinning the disc bench when a temperature of the mold disc plate is higher than 90° C., to thereby spin the mold disc plate.

Abstract: The invention relates to an industrial data transmission system for the registering of process parameters in a periodic bus cycle with a fixed time frame, a synchronizing signal within each cycle having the effect in each case that a multiplicity of process parameters are simultaneously registered and recorded and, in a subsequent data exchange phase, are transmitted to the open-loop and/or closed-loop process control system. In this system, all the time-critical process input and output parameters are registered simultaneously. In a subsequent open-loop and/or closed-loop process control phase, a processing of the high-priority process data takes place. These data are used in particular for plastics injection-molding machines for detecting the changeover point. Furthermore, use is made of a machine production cycle with bus subcycles, which may respectively have a synchronizing signal and different information contents and/or lengths.

Abstract: A production method for producing granulated materials comprises sampling step for sampling at predetermined time intervals diffracted and/or scattered light from growing particles under granulation in a granulation tank as measured particle size distribution data by applying beam light to the growing particles, calculating step for calculating the size of particle from the measured particle size distribution data by applying a specific algorithm, comparison step for comparing the particle size from the measured particle size distribution data with that from the particle size distribution objective data prepared in advance, and correction step for adding change to basic feedback control for granulation process in accordance with the result of the comparison step.

Abstract: So that a method for the surface coating of an interior fitting for vehicles with a lacquer or resin layer, in which the interior fitting to be coated is inserted into a cavity of a molding tool, the inner wall of which is at a defined distance from the interior fitting in the region of the interior fitting surface to be coated and thereby forms a clearance extending over the entire surface to be coated and having a substantially constant thickness, and in which a liquid surface coating material is introduced into the clearance and is cured there, can be developed in such a way that the quality of the surface coating is improved as far as possible without additional after-working, it is proposed that the surface coating material have at least two components which are mixed with one another in a mixing and feeding assembly immediately before the filling of the clearance and are fed to the clearance, and that, after the clearance has been filled, the molding tool be separated from the mixing and feeding assembl

Abstract: An injection apparatus is disposed to be movable relative to the frame. A driver advances and retracts the injection apparatus. An energy absorption element is disposed between the driver and the frame and adapted to absorb mechanical energy relating to the nozzle touch force. A buffer member may also be disposed between the injection apparatus and the driver. In this case, variation in nozzle touch force due to overload can be adjusted by the action of the buffer member. Accordingly, when the buffer member is adjusted so as to reduce the variation in nozzle touch force due to overload, an excessively large nozzle touch force is not generated, so that breakage of the mold apparatus and the nozzle can be prevented. Further, resin is prevented from leaking from any clearance between the injection nozzle and the molding apparatus.

Abstract: The method and apparatus prevent the formation of pin-holes or other breakage during stretching of polymeric films, non-woven fibrous webs or laminates in the cross machine direction. Pin-holes and other breakage are prevented by creating slack areas along the length of the product where the edges of the non-woven strips meet with the polymer film, pressing the slack areas into the interdigital stretching rollers without stretching the slack areas, and stretching the remainder of the web in a typical manner. The slack regions are formed prior to interdigitation by, for example, formation of a furrow, a fold or a corrugation.

Abstract: The control method according to the invention serves the purpose of generating a manipulated variable (y) for controlling a hydraulic drive (HA). In this case, account is taken of at least a desired value (vs) for the speed (vi) of the hydraulic drive (HA), a first parameter (K1), which simulates the response characteristic (KV, AO) of the hydraulic drive (HA), and a second parameter (K1), which simulates the internal resistance (KD, AK, AO) which the technical process (TP), opposes to the hydraulic drive (HA). It is advantageous that nonlinear dependencies of the hydraulic drive (HA) can be taken into account for generating the manipulated variable (y) driving the hydraulic drive (HA). It is advantageously possible in this case to dispense with a technically complicated sensor system.

Abstract: An injection mold design system for correcting a profile of a product to be fabricated into a releasable profile from a mold to design an injection mold based on a corrected product shape, comprising storing information of product shape and mold profile, displaying the product shape or the mold profile on a screen based on the information read from the storing, inputting designation information necessary for correction of the product shape or the mold profile, and unloading information of lines or planes being obstructive to correction of the product shape and the mold profile into the storing in response to the designation information input removing the lines or the planes from the screen, and replotting the line or the planes on the screen in terms of the information of lines or planes unloaded into the storing after the correction operation of the product shape or the mold profile is completed.