Abstract: A data device may have at least a magnetic lamination with a thermal retention structure deposited on a substrate and configured to maintain a predetermined temperature for a predetermined amount of time. Such predetermined temperature and amount of time may allow for the growth of a magnetic layer with a predetermined magnetic anisotropy.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a magnetic recording medium, which comprises a nonmagnetic layer containing a nonmagnetic powder and a binder and a magnetic layer containing a ferromagnetic powder and a binder in this order on a nonmagnetic support, wherein the nonmagnetic layer has a thickness of equal to or less than 300 nm; a composite elastic modulus as measured on a surface of the magnetic layer ranges from 6.0 to 8.0 GPa; the magnetic layer comprises an abrasive with a specific surface area by BET method ranging from 14 m2/g to 40 m2/g; and a surface abrasive occupancy on a surface of the magnetic layer ranges from 0.2% to 2%.

Abstract: Provided are: a method for manufacturing a glass substrate for a magnetic disk by using an alternative abrasive having the same polishing performance as cerium oxide, which has conventionally been used as an abrasive for polishing principal faces of glass substrates for magnetic disks; and a method for manufacturing a magnetic disk. At the time of polishing a principal face of a magnetic disk glass substrate by using a slurry, the disclosure employs a slurry containing: an abrasive made of granular zirconia; a first additive including a phosphate and/or a sulfonate; and a second additive including a re-aggregation inhibitor.

Abstract: The design of biodegradable magnetic nanoparticles for use in in-vivo biomedical applications. The particles can include Fe in combination with one or more of Mg, Zn, Si, C, N, and P atoms or other particles. The nanoparticles can be degraded in-vivo after usage. The nanoparticles can cease heating upon reaching a predetermined temperature or other value.

Abstract: The invention relates to a component (30) for a filter unit for filtering fluids, in particular hydraulic fluids, comprising at least in areas an insertion or application of magnetisable and/or magnetised particles, whereby, using a simplified design, a magnetic separation of contaminants in a fluid flowing through a filter unit is achieved. The component can be in the form of a film (30) and can be an externally or circumferentially arranged support means for a filter element (10). In the manufacture of the component (30), said component is provided at least in areas with an insertion and/or application of magnetisable and/or magnetised particles.

Abstract: To provide a resist composition including: at least one polymerizable compound having a viscosity of 100 mPa·s or less at 25° C.; a fluorine-containing compound A having a viscosity of 5,000 mPa·s or greater at 25° C., and a fluorine content of 10% by mass or greater; and a fluorine-containing compound B having a viscosity of 2,000 mPa·s or less at 25° C., and a fluorine content of 10% by mass or greater.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a perpendicular magnetic recording medium including a nonmagnetic substrate, and at least a soft magnetic under layer, an orientation control layer, a magnetic recording layer constituted of two or more layers and a protective layer formed on the nonmagnetic substrate, the method including a step of forming a first magnetic recording layer having a granular structure constituted of ferromagnetic crystal grains and crystal grain boundaries made of a nonmagnetic oxide or nitride on the nonmagnetic substrate side, a step of forming a second magnetic recording layer constituted only of ferromagnetic crystal grains, a step of forming a surface unevenness control layer for decreasing surface unevenness of the first magnetic recording layer located between the first magnetic recording layer and the second magnetic recording layer, and a step of heating the nonmagnetic substrate so as to decrease a surface roughness Ra of the second magnetic recording layer

Abstract: Methods of applying sensible coatings with at least one spatially-varying characteristic to shape memory alloy actuators, particularly actuators comprising linear elements such as wires strips or cables, are disclosed. Such coatings enable the positions of the linear shape memory alloy elements to be sensed using magnetic, capacitive and optical sensors and so, in conjunction with a controller, enable operation of such actuators under proportional control.

Abstract: A method of producing bit-patterned media is provided whereby a shell structure is added on a bit-patterned media dot. The shell may be an antiferromagnetic material that will help stabilize the magnetization configuration at the remanent state due to exchange coupling between the dot and its shell. Therefore, this approach also improves the thermal stability of the media dot and helps each individual media dot maintain a single domain state.

Abstract: A thin-film magnetic head is constructed such that a main magnetic pole layer, a lower shield layer, an upper shield layer and a thin-film coil are laminated on a substrate. A method of manufacturing the thin-film magnetic head has a lower shield layer forming step. This step comprises a step of forming a first lower shield part in a lower shield planned area, including a planned line along the medium-opposing surface, a step of forming a partial lower seed layer having a partial arrangement structure in which the partial lower seed layer is arranged on a lower formation zone except a lower exception zone including the planned line, a step of forming a second lower shield part on the partial lower seed layer.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming a plurality of regions of magnetic material in a substrate having a first approximately planar surface. The method comprises the steps of fabricating projections in the first surface of the substrate, depositing onto the first surface a magnetic material in such a way that the tops of the projections are covered with magnetic material, and depositing filler material atop the substrate so produced. The filler material may then be planarized, for example by chemical-mechanical polishing. In an alternative embodiment magnetic material is deposited on a substrate and portions of it are removed, leaving islands of material. Filler material is then deposited, which may be planarized.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing magnetic particles, which comprises adding a carboxylic acid compound to a water-based magnetic liquid, wherein the water-based magnetic liquid comprises magnetic particles dispersed in an acidic water-based solvent, and the carboxylic acid compound is selected from the group consisting of aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds having one or more carboxylic acid (salt) groups denoted by: —COOM wherein M denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom, when the number of the carboxylic acid (salt) group contained within the molecule thereof is 1, the number of carbon atoms, excluding the carboxylic acid (salt) group portion, ranges from 1 to 13; and then collecting the magnetic particles from the water-based magnetic liquid to obtain the magnetic particles the surfaces of which have been modified by being coated with the carboxylic acid compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a laminated core used for a motor such as an electric motor, including: a unit laminate laminated in at least one layer and formed of a soft magnetic composite, wherein each powder particle forming the soft magnetic composite is insulation-coated. The preferred embodiments of the present invention can improve the mechanical strength of the core of the soft magnetic composite by manufacturing the core using the laminating method of the soft magnetic composite and reduce core loss by performing insulation coating on powder particles forming the soft magnetic composite.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing magnetic particles, which comprises: adding a compound to a water-based magnetic liquid, wherein the water-based magnetic liquid comprises magnetic particles dispersed in an acidic water-based solvent, and the compound is selected from the group consisting of amine compounds, aromatic compounds, and aliphatic compounds having one or more monovalent phosphorus polar groups denoted by: wherein m1 denotes 0 or 1, m2 denotes 1 or 2, and M denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal atom; and then collecting the magnetic particles from the water-based magnetic liquid to obtain the magnetic particles the surfaces of which have been modified by being coated with the compound.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing discrete track media and patterned media is disclosed which enables a magnetic recording layer having excellent magnetic characteristics to be obtained without imparting damage to a crystal orientation control layer which is at the surface when forming the magnetic recording layer. The method for manufacturing magnetic recording media comprises a process of forming a soft magnetic layer on a substrate; a process of forming a first crystal orientation control layer on the soft magnetic layer; a process of providing a depression in at least a portion of the first crystal orientation control layer; a process of performing heat treatment of the first crystal orientation control layer; and a process of forming a magnetic recording layer on the first crystal orientation control layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method may be used to provide a data sensing element capable of detecting changes in magnetic states. Various embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to a magnetically responsive lamination of layers and [a] means for generating a high magnetic moment region proximal to an air bearing surface (ABS) and a low magnetic moment region proximal to a hard magnet.

Abstract: There are provided a rare-earth permanent magnet and a manufacturing method thereof capable of boosting productivity by improving thickness accuracy of a green sheet. In the method, magnet material is milled into magnet powder, and the magnet powder and a binder are mixed to obtain a mixture including 1 to 40 wt % of the binder therein. Next, by high precision coating of a substrate with the mixture, a green sheet is obtained at thickness precision within a margin of error of plus or minus 5% with reference to a designed value. Thereafter, the green sheet is held for predetermined time at binder decomposition temperature in non-oxidizing atmosphere, whereby depolymerization reaction or the like changes the binder into monomer and thus removes the binder. The green sheet with the binder removed therefrom undergoes pressure sintering such as SPS method so as to obtain a permanent magnet 1.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to an alumina dispersion, which is employed to manufacture a particulate magnetic recording medium, comprises alumina, a solvent, and a dispersing agent in the form of an aromatic hydrocarbon compound having a phenolic hydroxyl group, and essentially does not comprise ferromagnetic powder.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing magnetic powder, which comprises adding an alkali metal salt compound comprising a substituent selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal salt of a carboxyl group and an alkali metal salt of a hydroxyl group to a water-based magnetic liquid comprising magnetic particles dispersed in an acidic water-based solvent to cause the magnetic particles to aggregate in the water-based magnetic liquid; and collecting the aggregated magnetic particles to obtain the magnetic powder.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet having high coercivity and capable of being brought into applications without lowering its residual magnetic flux density or maximum energy product and without reprocessing. The method for producing a sintered NdFeB magnet according to the present invention includes applying a substance containing dysprosium (Dy) and/or terbium (Tb) to the surface of the sintered NdFeB magnet forming a base body and then heating the magnet to diffuse Dy and/or Tb through the grain boundary and thereby increase the coercivity of the magnet.

Abstract: An in-line film forming apparatus capable of conveying a carrier at a high speed, increasing the exhaust capability within a film forming chamber, and easily realizing a high vacuum degree in a short time is provided. A conveyor mechanism has a linear motor drive mechanism which drives the carrier in a noncontact state, a horizontal guide mechanism which is provided so as to be able to contact a side portion of the carrier, and guides the carrier driven by the linear motor drive mechanism in a horizontal direction, and a vertical guide mechanism which is provided so as to be able to contact a lower end of the carrier, and guides the carrier driven by the linear motor drive mechanism in the vertical direction.

Abstract: A device includes a substrate and at least 1,000 flakes resting upon the substrate, each flake including a magnetic layer. The plurality of flakes are aligned so as to form a plurality of rings or curves, wherein within each ring or curve, flakes are tilted at a same angle with respect to the substrate and planes extending from surfaces of said flakes intersect with one another. The device provides a visible image of a single ring or curve when illuminated with a single light source, and three rings or curves are visible when three light sources illuminate the device. The device may be used as a printed light detector.

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment and a process for enhancing the magnetic properties of a pearlescent pigment. The pearlescent pigment has a layer with regions of ?-Fe2O3 and regions of ?-Fe2O3. The magnetic properties of a pearlescent pigment may be enhanced by the steps of: providing a platelet pigment with a layer of Fe2O3, with a magnetic susceptibility less than 0.1×10?5 m3/kg; reducing some or all of the Fe2O3 to Fe3O4; and oxidizing some or all of the Fe3O4 to ?-Fe2O3. The color difference (?E*) between the provided pigment and the resultant pigment is not more than about 5.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording medium 100 has, over a substrate, at least a magnetic recording layer 122 with a granular structure in which nonmagnetic grain boundaries are formed between magnetic grains continuously grown into a columnar shape. The magnetic grains of the magnetic recording layer 122 contain Co, Cr, and Pt. The magnetic recording layer 122 contains at least one oxide selected from a group A including SiO2, TiO2, and Cr2O3, at least one oxide selected from a group B consisting of oxides each having a larger Gibbs free energy ?G than the group A, and a reducing agent adapted to reduce the oxides of the group B.

Abstract: [Problems] To have a thin film suitably function even when the thickness of the thin film is reduced. [Means for Solving Problems] Provided is a method for manufacturing a magnetic recording medium by forming a thin film on a substrate (12). The method is provided with a thin film forming step of forming the thin film by using a substance brought into the plasma state as a material. In the thin film forming step, the thin film is formed by using a material substance gathering means (30) for gathering the substance brought into the plasma state to the periphery of the substrate. The material substance gathering means (30) gathers the substance brought into the plasma state, for instance, to the periphery of the substrate (12) by generating a magnetic field at the periphery of the substrate (12).

Abstract: In a method in which a cut line is formed on one surface of a planar glass material, and the cut line is allowed to extend in the thickness direction of the glass material, thereby cutting a glass substrate from the glass material, the cut line is selectively formed on a surface having relatively small surface waviness out of two opposing surfaces of the glass material. In the case of a glass material formed into a planar shape on a molten metal, the surface which has come into contact with the molten metal is selected as the surface having relatively small surface waviness. When a disk-shaped glass substrate is cut from the glass material, cutting is performed under conditions where either one of the thickness and the radius of the glass material and the maximum height of surface waviness of the glass material satisfy a predetermined relationship.

Abstract: In accordance with an exemplary embodiment, a method for manufacturing a tool comprises applying at least one ferro-magnetic material to at least a portion of a tool face of a different material. The method produces a tool face with varying magnetic properties facilitating substantially uniform induction heating of the tool face.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for manufacturing a template for a high-density patterned medium and a high-density magnetic storage medium using the same. In the method, magnetic particles are used as a mask and no lithographic process is required.

Abstract: The subject matter disclosed herein provides methods for manufacturing an electronic lapping guide and a magnetic read head assembly. The magnetoresistive head assembly includes a sensing element that has a front edge and a front flux guide that has a back edge, such that the sensing element front edge and the front flux guide back edge share a common interface that defines an interface plane normal to the surface of a wafer substrate. The electronic lapping guide comprises a conductive material adapted to attach to two electrical leads for measuring a resistance through the conductive material. The conductive material may include a conductive material back edge aligned with the interface plane. The resistance of the conductive material may be inversely proportional to a conductive material length normal to the interface plane.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for manufacturing a magneto caloric device. Magneto caloric powders are mixed with thermally conductive powders to form a composite material. An adhesive containing an acrylic resin is poured on the composite material and diffused among the composite material. The adhesive is cured within the composite material at a room temperature.

Abstract: A method and system provide a magnetoresistive structure from a magnetoresistive stack that includes a plurality of layers. The method and system include providing a mask that exposes a portion of the magnetoresistive stack. The mask has at least one side, a top, and a base at least as wide as the top. The method and system also include removing the portion of the magnetoresistive stack to define the magnetoresistive structure. The method and system further include providing an insulating layer. A portion of the insulating layer resides on the at least one side of the mask. The method and system further include removing the portion of the insulating layer on the at least one side of the mask and removing the mask.

Abstract: A perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) head is fabricated with a multi-level tapered write pole which creates an efficient channeling of magnetic flux to the pole tip. The write pole comprises a main pole with a tapered tip on which is formed at least one yoke that has a tapered edge. The edge of the yoke is recessed from the ABS of the tapered tip, giving the write pole a stepped profile. The tapered tip can be two sloped surfaces that are symmetric about a mid plane of the main pole or a single sloped edge on the leading side or the trailing side of the pole. The yoke structure can consist of a single yoke formed on one side of the main pole or it can consist of two yokes formed symmetrically on both the leading and trailing sides of the main pole.

Abstract: A method for producing an element including a substrate having a plurality of nanocylinders deposited thereon includes providing the substrate. The substrate is covered with a nanoporous Al2O3 membrane so as to provide a covered substrate. The covered substrate is alternately vapor-deposited, at a vapor-deposition temperatures from 250° C. to 400° C., with atoms of a magnetic element and atoms of a non-magnetic element so as to provide the plurality of nanocylinders. Each nanocylinder includes at least four superposed layers including, alternatively, the atoms of the magnetic element and the atoms of the non-magnetic element. The nanoporous Al2O3 membrane is then removed so that the nanocylinders remain on the substrate.

Abstract: To provide a filmy structure of a nanometer size having a phase-separated structure effective for the case where a compound can be formed between two kinds of materials. A structure constituted by a first member containing a compound between an element A except both Si and Ge and SinGe1-n (where 0?n?1) and a second member containing one of the element A and SinGe1-n (where 0?n?1), in which one of the first member and the second member is a columnar member, formed on a substrate, whose side face is surrounded by the other member, the ratio Dl/Ds of an average diameter Dl in the major axis direction to an average diameter Ds in the minor axis direction of a transverse sectional shape of the columnar member is less than 5, and the element A is one of Li, Na, Mg, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Cs, Ba, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and B.

Abstract: Although dots and servo patterns are made of the same magnetic material, the dots have a relatively low coercive force so as to allow data deletion and rewrite by a magnetic head, while the servo patterns have a high coercive force compared with the coercive force of the dots. The coercive force of the servo patterns is strong enough so as to eliminate the influence of shape magnetic anisotropy.

Abstract: A magnetic structure in one embodiment includes a tunnel barrier layer; a free layer; and a buffer layer between the tunnel barrier layer and the free layer, wherein a cross sectional area of the tunnel barrier layer in a direction parallel to a plane of deposition thereof is greater than a cross sectional area of the free layer in a direction parallel to a plane of deposition thereof, wherein a cross sectional area of the buffer layer in a direction parallel to a plane of deposition thereof is greater than a cross sectional area of the free layer in the direction parallel to the plane of deposition thereof. Additional systems and methods are also presented.

Abstract: An electromagnetic device includes a housing, a planar coil disposed inside the housing, and a magnetic diaphragm disposed inside the housing, wherein the plane of the planar coil is substantially in parallel with the plane of the magnetic diaphragm, wherein the planar coil is separated from the magnetic diaphragm, and wherein the magnetic diaphragm is moveable in the presence of an exterior pressure.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a coating composition for the production of a magnetically induced image, consisting of volatile components (S) and non-volatile components, the latter consisting of an ink vehicle (I) and magnetically orientable optically variable interference pigment (P), to a process for manufacturing the coating composition, and to the use of the composition for the production of a magnetically induced image coating on a substrate with the help of applied magnetic fields. Said magnetically induced image coating may be used as a security device on value- or identity documents, brand protection labels and the like.

Abstract: A method and system for interrogating a thickness of a carbon layer are described. The carbon layer is on a magnetic media having an underlayer and at least one magnetic layer on the underlayer. The carbon layer resides on the magnetic layer(s). A sample underlayer is deposited on a sample substrate and a sample carbon layer provided on the sample underlayer. The sample substrate corresponds to a substrate including the magnetic media. The sample underlayer corresponds to the underlayer of the magnetic media. The sample carbon layer corresponds to the carbon layer. A region between the sample carbon layer and the sample underlayer is free of magnetic material. The sample substrate including the sample carbon layer is exposed to light. Emitted light from the sample substrate is detected to provide a Raman spectrum. The thickness of the carbon layer is determined based on the Raman spectrum.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a discrete track magnetic recording media. A base layer is provided onto which repeating and alternating magnetic layer and non-magnetic layers are deposited. The thickness of the magnetic layer corresponds to the width of the track of the recording media. A cylindrical rod can be used as the base layer, such that the alternating magnetic and non-magnetic layers spiraling or concentric layers around the rod. The resulting media layer can be cut or sliced into individual magnetic media or used to imprint other media discs with the discrete pattern of the media layer.

Abstract: An apparatus and associated method may be used to provide a data sensing element capable of detecting changes in magnetic states. Various embodiments of the present invention are generally directed to a magnetically responsive lamination of layers and [a] means for generating a high magnetic moment region proximal to an air bearing surface (ABS) and a low magnetic moment region proximal to a hard magnet.

Abstract: A first trench sidewall has a continuous first taper angle that terminates at a first plane. At least one layer may be deposited that forms a second trench sidewall with a continuous second taper angle that extends a predetermined depth past the first plane and is less than the first taper angle. A write pole may then be formed on the second trench sidewall with the write pole being closer to the first trench sidewall at the predetermined depth than at the first plane.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a recording head includes depositing an insulator material onto at least a portion of a first member, wherein the insulator material forms an insulator film having a film thickness. The method further includes depositing a writer pole material onto the insulator film, wherein the writer pole material forms a writer pole member, and wherein the insulator film is between the writer pole member and a contact layer. Further, in some embodiments, the film thickness determines the distance between the writer pole member and the first contact member and also determines the distance between the writer pole member and the second contact member.

Abstract: A magnetic tunnel junction cell having a free layer, a ferromagnetic pinned layer, and a barrier layer therebetween. The free layer has a central ferromagnetic portion and a stabilizing portion radially proximate the central ferromagnetic portion. The construction can be used for both in-plane magnetic memory cells where the magnetization orientation of the magnetic layer is in the stack film plane and out-of-plane magnetic memory cells where the magnetization orientation of the magnetic layer is out of the stack film plane, e.g., perpendicular to the stack plane.

Abstract: Microspheres, populations of microspheres, and methods for forming microspheres are provided. One microsphere configured to exhibit fluorescent and magnetic properties includes a core microsphere and a magnetic material coupled to a surface of the core microsphere. About 50% or less of the surface of the core microsphere is covered by the magnetic material. The microsphere also includes a polymer layer surrounding the magnetic material and the core microsphere. One population of microspheres configured to exhibit fluorescent and magnetic properties includes two or more subsets of microspheres. The two or more subsets of microspheres are configured to exhibit different fluorescent and/or magnetic properties. Individual microspheres in the two or more subsets are configured as described above.

Abstract: In a magnetic disk glass substrate manufacturing method, a main surface of a glass substrate is polished using a polishing liquid containing colloidal silica abrasive particles as polishing abrasive particles and a surface plate with a polishing pad, then the glass substrate is brought into contact with a liquid containing a coagulant so that the colloidal silica abrasive particles are coagulated, and then the colloidal silica abrasive particles coagulated are removed.

Abstract: An aspect of the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing hexagonal ferrite magnetic powder. The method of manufacturing hexagonal ferrite magnetic powder comprises wet processing hexagonal ferrite magnetic particles obtained following acid treatment in a water-based solvent to prepare an aqueous magnetic liquid satisfying relation (1) relative to an isoelectric point of the hexagonal ferrite magnetic particles: pH0?pH*?2.5, wherein, pH0 denotes the isoelectric point of the hexagonal ferrite magnetic particles and pH* denotes a pH of the aqueous magnetic liquid, which is a value of equal to or greater than 2.0, adding a surface-modifying agent comprising an alkyl group and a functional group that becomes an anionic group in the aqueous magnetic liquid to the aqueous magnetic liquid to subject the hexagonal ferrite magnetic particles to a surface-modifying treatment, and removing the water-based solvent following the surface-modifying treatment to obtain hexagonal ferrite magnetic particles.

Abstract: A magnetic device is provided in one example that comprises a free layer having a magnetic anisotropy. The magnetic anisotropy is at least partially non-uniform. The magnetic device further comprises an antiferromagnetic layer adjacent to and weakly exchange coupled with the free layer, wherein the weak exchange coupling reduces the non-uniformity of the magnetic anisotropy of the free layer.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a film of magnetic nanocomposite particles including depositing isolated clusters of magnetic nanoparticles onto a substrate surface and coating the isolated clusters of magnetic nanoparticles with an insulator coating. The isolated clusters of magnetic nanoparticles have a dimension in the range between 1 and 300 nanometers and are separated from each other by a distance in the range between 1 and 50 nanometers. By employing PVD, ablation, and CVD techniques the range of useful film thicknesses is extended to 10-1000 nm, suitable for use in wafer based processing. The described methods for depositing the magnetic nanocomposite thin films are compatible with conventional IC wafer and Integrated Passive Device fabrication.

Abstract: A method for producing solid particles having a silica coating, by: dispersing the solid particles to be coated in an aqueous medium to produce a solid particle dispersion, adjusting the pH of the solid particle dispersion by a buffer system to produce a buffered solid particle dispersion, and adding an alkaline silicate solution to the buffered solid particle dispersion to form the silica coating on the solid particles during a coating period. The amounts of buffer system and alkaline silicate solution are selected such that the pH of the buffered solid particle dispersion before the addition of the alkaline silicate solution is at least 7.0 and after completion of the addition of the alkaline silicate solution is at most 11.0.