Abstract: A composition for improving the adhesion of a paint to a surface, wherein the composition comprises an unsaturated polyester, a modified acrylic resin, a polymerization inhibitor, an aromatic solvent and either divinylbenzene, isopropenyl-2-methyl benzyl isocyanate or an acrylic monomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polyelectrolyte-based nanostructured anticorrosion coating, comprising at least one main compartment which comprises: a polyelectrolyte multilayer (1) doped with at least one anticorrosion agent (4), and an upper multilayer (2a) acting as a barrier to the diffusion of the dopants, and whose upper surface corresponds to the upper surface of the main compartment, and optionally one or more secondary compartments, each comprising: a polyelectrolyte multilayer (8; 11) doped with at least one functional agent other than an anticorrosion agent, and an upper multilayer (2b; 2c) acting as a barrier to the diffusion of the dopants, and whose upper surface corresponds to the upper surface of the secondary compartment. The invention also relates to a structure comprising a metallic substrate and such a coating, and also to its use in the aeronautical or aerospace field and to the process for preparing it.

Abstract: A plated film having a uniform film thickness is formed on a surface of a substrate. A semiconductor manufacturing apparatus includes: a holding mechanism for holding a substrate rotatably; a nozzle for supplying a processing solution for performing a plating process on a processing target surface of the substrate; a substrate rotating mechanism for rotating the substrate held by the holding mechanism in a direction along the processing target surface; a nozzle driving mechanism for moving the nozzle in a direction along the processing target surface at a position facing the processing target surface of the substrate held by the holding mechanism; and a control unit for controlling the supply of the processing solution by the nozzle and the movement of the nozzle by the nozzle driving mechanism.

Abstract: The invention relates to open-pore biocompatible surface layers for implants, which layers are arranged over virgin surfaces of the implants, wherein pores of the open-pore surface layers are connected to form coherent pore networks and the surface layers have a specific internal surface area of ?0.06 ?m/?m2, preferably ?0.035 ?m/?m2 and especially ?0.025 ?m/?m2, measured by image analysis as a 2D-boundary line per unit of surface area in a metallographic microsection at 100× magnification. The invention further relates to methods of producing such surface layers, to implants coated therewith and to possible uses of the surface layers.

Abstract: A compositon and a method for coating metallic surfaces with a silane/silanol/siloxane/polysiloxane-containing composition, whereby the composition contains a) at least one compound selected from the silanes, silanols, siloxanes and polysiloxanes, b) at least two compounds selected from titanium-, hafnium-, zirconium-, aluminum- or boron-containing compounds, optionally c) at least one type of cation selected from cations of metals of the 1st to 3rd and 5th to 8th sub-groups including the lanthanides and the 2nd main group of the periodic table of the elements or at least one corresponding compound, d) at least one organic compound selected from monomers, oligomers, polymers, copolymers and block copolymers or e) at least one substance affecting the pH value, water and optionally at least one organic solvent.

Abstract: A method for modifying a polymeric coating on an implantable medical device, such as a stent, is disclosed. The method includes application of a fluid to a wet or dry polymeric coating with and without drugs.

Abstract: The use of hydrophobins for preventing the formation of ice on surfaces, especially for the prevention of ice formation on aircraft surfaces.

Abstract: A spin chuck rotatably holds a semiconductor wafer, while resist is dropped on a surface of the semiconductor wafer through a resist application nozzle and thus applied thereon, and before the resist applied on the wafer dries, a cleaning liquid is supplied through a bevel cleaning nozzle to a portion of the wafer located at a peripheral portion thereof in a vicinity of a beveled portion to remove the resist adhering to the beveled portion. Thereafter, a film of the resist that is formed on the surface of the wafer is dried.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for easily preparing a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer comprising an I-form crystal structure at high purity by selecting a solvent, and the process for preparing the vinylidene fluoride homopolymer comprises not less than 70% by mass of I-form crystal structure, which is obtained by dissolving a vinylidene fluoride homopolymer having a number average degree of polymerization of 3 to 20 in a solvent consisting of an organic solvent having a dipole moment of not less than 2.8 alone or comprising the organic solvent in a part, thereafter, evaporating the solvent.

Abstract: A process for forming room temperature water soluble polymer coatings on porous substrates by forming a solution of a room temperature water soluble polymer, one or more crosslinkers, a solvent for the room temperature water soluble polymer such as water and optionally one or more porogens, or functional agents, stirring the mixture until all the components are dissolved, adding the solution to a porous structure such as a non-woven fabric or a porous membrane and drying the solution on to the substrate as a coating before subjecting the coating to crosslinking. Alternatively, the coating may be partially crosslinked before drying the solution. Porous structures having a room temperature water soluble polymer coating and being capable of convective flow through the pores of the structure and diffusive flow through the coating can be formed.

Abstract: A method of forming a lyophobic coating on a surface having oxidized groups is disclosed. The method includes bringing into contact with the surface a silane or siloxane having the formula SiX4 wherein each X is the same or different, wherein at least one X is a leaving group and at least one X is a lyophobic group.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process for the production of plane-parallel platelets, comprising the steps of: a) vapor-deposition of a separating agent onto a carrier to produce a separating agent 5 layer, b) vapor-deposition of at least one product layer onto the separating agent layer, and c) dissolution of the separating agent layer in a solvent and production of a suspension in which the at least one product layer is present in the form of plane-parallel platelets, wherein the separating agent is selected from the group consisting of anthracene, anthraquinone, acetamidophenol, acetylsalicylic acid, camphoric anhydride, benzimidazole, benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid, biphenyl-2,2-dicarboxylic acid, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone, dihydroxyanthraquinone, hydantoin, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid, 8-hydroxyquinoline-5-sulfonic acid monohydrate, 4-hydroxycoumarin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid, isophthalic acid, 4,4-methylene-bis-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid, naphthalene-1,8-dic

Abstract: The present invention provides a wear and/or corrosion-resistant zeolite coating for protection of the surface of a substrate of a metal.

Abstract: Processes are provided for inhibiting the formation of copper oxides on substantially oxide-free copper surfaces by contacting a substantially oxide-free copper surface with a pyrazoline ligand in an aqueous solution of pH 2-5. A thin layer of the ligand formed by coordination of 2-pyrazoline or 1-methyl-2-pyrazoline to the copper surface can be easily removed by exposure to a reducing plasma to regenerate a substantially oxide-free copper surface.

Abstract: This disclosure relates generally to networks of polymers in fullerene compounds and polymers, to methods of preparing precursors for such networks, and to their subsequent use as low dielectric constant materials in microelectronic devices.

Abstract: A charging unit is provided, the charging unit including: a charging member; and a charging member clean-up member having an elastic layer, the elastic layer containing a silicon oil, wherein a silicone concentration in analyzing the charging member by an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy satisfies following condition: about 1 atm %?(difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the silicone concentration in Si2p detected by the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy above the charging member)?about 3 atm %.

Abstract: Novel methods and apparatus for thin film layer-by-layer depositions on substrates is provided. More specifically, provided herein is a layer-by-layer deposition of polymers and colloids on substrates of varying sizes and shapes including, for example, flat solid substrates, powder surfaces, flat porous sheets, and micro-porous pipes. Still more specifically, this disclosure relates to an apparatus that can be used to automate the deposition of ultra-thin layers on various substrates of varying sizes and shapes using layer-by-layer deposition and a method for doing the same.

Abstract: A process for producing a metallic-nanoparticle inorganic composite 10 includes an oxide film formation step in which an oxide film 14 having micropores is formed on a substrate by a sol-gel method in which a metal alkoxide is partly hydrolyzed by the action of an acid catalyst, a tin deposition step in which the oxide film 14 is brought into contact with an acidic aqueous solution of tin chloride, an excess Sn2+ ion removal step in which Sn2+ ions are removed from the micropores, a metallic-nanoparticle deposition step in which the oxide film 14 is brought into contact with an aqueous solution of a metal chelate to deposit metallic nanoparticles 12 in the micropores, and an excess metal ion removal step in which metal ions are removed from the micropores; and a metallic-nanoparticle inorganic composite 10 is produced by this process.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for isolating and purifying single wall carbon nanotubes from contaminant matrix material, methods for forming arrays of substantially aligned nanotubes, and products and apparatus comprising a plurality of nanotube structures.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a materials such as a coating, an elastomer, an adhesive, a sealant, a textile finish, a wax, and a filler for such a material, wherein the material includes an enzyme such as an esterase (e.g., a lipolytic enzyme, a sulfuric ester hydrolase, an organophosphorus compound degradation enzyme), an enzyme that degrades a cell wall and/or a cell membrane component (e.g., a lysozyme, a lytic transgrycosylase, a peptidase), and/or a biocidal or biostatic peptide. Also disclosed herein are methods of decontaminating a surface comprising such a material from a chemical substrate of an enzyme such as a lipid or an organophosphorus compound, as well as reducing the growth of a microorganism on or within such a material.

Abstract: A method includes coating a substrate to provide a flame resistant substrate. In an embodiment, the method includes exposing the substrate to a cationic solution to produce a cationic layer deposited on the substrate. The cationic solution includes cationic materials. The cationic materials include polymers, nanoparticles, or any combinations thereof. The method further includes exposing the cationic layer to an anionic solution to produce an anionic layer deposited on the cationic layer to produce a bilayer. The bilayer is the anionic layer and the cationic layer. The anionic solution includes layerable materials.

Abstract: A process for the presentation of a uniform coating of a metal cluster species on a substrate is described, the process comprises the steps of: depositing an amorphous primer coating on the substrate; providing a source of metal ions for binding to the amorphous coating; and, generating metal clusters on the primer coating by applying reducing conditions thereto.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for alkaline saponification of a polymer film, comprising: an alkaline-solution coating step of coating a polymer film with an alkaline solution; a temperature keeping step of keeping the polymer film coated with the alkaline solution at temperature equal to or higher than room temperature; a reaction terminating step of terminating the reaction by applying a diluting solvent or an acid solution to the polymer film kept at the temperature; and a washing step of washing away the alkaline solution from the polymer film on which the reaction has been terminated, wherein the reaction terminating step uses a bar coater having a flat-surface bar to apply the diluting solvent or acid solution to the polymer film and remove the alkaline solution from the polymer film.

Abstract: A method and article of manufacturing a waterborne polyurethane coated glove liner wherein, the waterborne polyurethane coating is free from solvents, DMF in particular and also silicone and it is supported in part by the surface of the textile glove liner.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus comprises an indexer block, an anti-reflection film processing block, a resist film processing block, a development processing block, and an interface block. An exposure device is arranged adjacent to an interface block. The interface block comprises a drying processing group including two drying processing units and an interface transport mechanism. After a substrate is subjected to exposure processing by the exposure device, the substrate is transported to the drying processing units in the drying processing group by the interface transport mechanism, where the substrate is subjected to cleaning and drying processings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane wherein said membrane comprises a continuous non-porous layer comprising a polymerized composition that comprised prior to polymerization at least one type of compound having a molecular weight of at least 1500 Da and comprising at least 75 weight % of oxyethylene groups and at least two polymerizable groups each comprising a non-substituted vinyl group. The invention further relates to the use of this membrane for separating polar gases and vapors.

Abstract: The invention relates to an article comprising a substrate and a nano-porous coating, wherein the reflectivity of the article is less then 2%, and whereby the amount of sodium measured in the coating by XPS is less then 1 wt %, and further to a method of making the article.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus comprises an indexer block, an anti-reflection film processing block, a resist film processing block, a development processing block, and an interface block. An exposure device is arranged adjacent to the interface block. The interface block comprises washing processing units and an interface transport mechanism. Before a substrate is subjected to exposure processing by the exposure device, the substrate is transported to a washing processing unit by the interface transport mechanism. The substrate is washed and dried by the washing processing unit.

Abstract: An arrangement for protecting a substrate against corrosion, including a substrate, in particular a metallic substrate, and an electrically conductive corrosion protection layer applied to the substrate to protect the substrate against corrosion, which layer has a zinc-containing layer which has been applied to the substrate and has a passivation layer which has been applied to the zinc-containing layer for passivating the zinc-containing layer and contains many particles of hard material which have such a nature that the particles of hard material increase the coefficient of friction on a free surface of the passivation layer compared to a conversion layer without particles of hard material but leave the electrical conductivity of the passivation layer essentially unchanged. The invention further relates to a process for producing such an arrangement and a pulley.

Abstract: A water-repellent, oil-repellent, and antifouling antireflection film having water-repellent, oil-repellent, and antifouling properties, a water liberation property, and durability; a method for manufacturing such an antireflection film; a lens, a glass sheet, and glass having a surface coated with a water-repellent, oil-repellent, and antifouling antireflection film; and an optical apparatus, a solar energy system, and a display equipped with such components are provided.

Abstract: The present invention refers to polymeric membranes and its synthesis with combination of innovative characteristics at the level of the bi-soft segment polyurethane material and at the level of the structure as integral asymmetric membranes. The hemocompability properties—non-hemolytic, non-thrombogenic and no platelet adhesion—combined with the high fluxes of permeation of O2 and CO2 have been designed for the use of the membranes in medical equipments that involve contact with blood like extracorporeal blood oxygenators and can be further designed for hemodialysers and imunnisolation barriers.

Abstract: A method for producing a calcium phosphate bone filler by preparing a mixed liquid comprising a calcium solution and a phosphoric acid solution in such a manner that a substrate of calcium phosphate exists in the mixed liquid, thereby precipitating calcium phosphate on the substrate to form a coating layer, and heat-treating the resultant composite comprising the substrate and the coating layer.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for separating tethered functional organo-chains, through their dilution with tethered non-functional organo-chains, in the presence of soluble molecular derivatives that are able to self-assemble and to interact with the functional organo-silane.

Abstract: There is disclosed an article and method of making an article for removing at least one contaminant from a solid surface. In one embodiment, the article comprises carbon nanotubes attached to a support media, such as a nonwoven mixture of PET and cotton. There is also disclosed a method of removing at least one contaminant from a solid surface, such as areas where microbial, particle, or static contamination is undesirable, including hospitals, clean rooms, kitchens, baths, or human hands.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple, non-destructive and versatile method that enables layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly to be performed on virtually any substrate. A novel catechol-functionalized polymer which adsorbs to virtually all surfaces and can serve as a platform for LbL assembly in a surface-independent fashion is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of making an elastomeric article including preparing a non-woven fibrous polymer composition for dip-coating onto a layer of carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene elastomeric surface and in particular making industrial or household gloves. By dipping a former into a salt-based coagulant, followed by dipping into an elastomeric dispersion, and finally dipping into a polymer composite fibrous coating, a useful elastomeric article is prepared. The invention also provides an elastomeric article having a first layer, the first layer comprising a natural or synthetic polymer; and a second layer bonded to the first layer, the second layer comprising a polymer composite fibrous coating. The polymer composite fibrous coating includes at least one elastomer or elastomer blend, a fiber or fiber blend, a surfactant, and a micronised wax. The coating can be foamed, and provides improved sweat management and non-shedding properties to a user.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing pharmaceuticals or parts thereof or food supplements or parts thereof, by coating substrates with a film-forming coating agent containing a pigment which is incompatible with the coating agent. The invention also relates to appliances for carrying out said method, especially a drum coater, a mushroom mixer, a fluidised bed appliance or a spray sifter comprising multiple spray devices.

Abstract: A film contains a first polymer having a plurality of hydrogen bond donating moieties, and a second polymer having a plurality of hydrogen bond accepting moieties. The second polymer is hydrogen bonded to the first polymer.

Abstract: The present invention is a CVD process for forming a thin film which includes a step of recovering an organometallic compound component from an exhaust gas which has been conventionally discarded, and a purifying step of purifying the recovered organometallic compound to thereby eliminate a by-product formed in a film forming step by CVD. According to this process, the organometallic compound is recycled. As a recovering technique, any of the followings is employed: a technique in which the exhaust gas is cooled and is recovered as a recovered content; a technique in which the exhaust gas is brought into contact with a solvent to dissolve the organometallic compound in the solvent; and a technique in which the exhaust gas is brought into contact with an adsorbent to thereby adsorb the organometallic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous membrane comprising multiple layers, at least one type of curable compound and at least two types of photo-initiator, wherein at least two layers each contain a the different photo-initiator. The invention further relates to recording media which comprise the porous membrane of the invention, as well as to processes for producing the membrane and the recording media.

Abstract: A structure and method for producing color filters with a protective silation layer is described. In one embodiment, each filter is coated with a silation layer to prevent bleeding of material between closely spaced filters during the fabrication process. In a second embodiment, the silation layer is used to protect an array of filters from physical damage during detaping operations. In a third embodiment, the silation layer is used before fabrication later filters in a color filter array to prevent damage to previous filter layers.

Abstract: We disclose methods of sorting or separating mixtures of living cells (e.g., eukaryotic, prokaryotic, mammalian, pathogenic, bacterial, viral, etc.). We perform our methods by activating cell-selective photophoric labels, which photosensitize and chemically reduce a photosensitive metal compound to form metal grains, particles or crystals. The metal adheres to the cells and forms the basis for sorting or separating different cell types. Photophoric labels may include chemiluminescent agents such as peroxidase enzymes activated with peroxidase substrates capable of luminescence. Photosensitive metal compounds may be present in a light-sensitive matrix or emulsion containing photosensitizable metal compounds, which form metal grains, particles or crystals upon exposure to a developer solution. Developer solutions are formulated to substantially allow living cells to remain viable after exposure to the developing solution.

Abstract: There is disclosed a film forming method comprising continuously discharging a solution adjusted so as to spread over a substrate by a given amount to the substrate through a discharge port disposed in a nozzle, moving the nozzle and substrate with respect to each other, and holding the supplied solution onto the substrate to form a liquid film, wherein a distance h between the discharge port of the nozzle and the substrate is set to be not less than 2 mm and to be in a range less than 5×10?5 q? (mm) given with respect to a surface tension ? (N/m) of the solution, discharge speed q (m/sec) of the solution continuously discharged through the discharge port, and a constant of 5×10?5 (m·sec/N)

Abstract: An applicator head for connection to a robotic device, and useful for applying a fluid material to a substrate. The applicator head comprises: (a) a body portion; (b) at least one material delivery system comprising an inlet, a fluid delivery cavity, and two or more passageways connecting the inlet to the fluid delivery cavity; and (c) a nozzle plate attached to the bottom surface of the body portion, and having a plurality of openings communicating with the fluid delivery cavity. In one embodiment, the applicator head comprises a nozzle inserted in each of the plurality of openings in the nozzle plate, with each nozzle adapted to apply a bead of a fluid material to a substrate, with the beads spaced less than about 2 mm apart. Also disclosed is a sound-damping composition comprising: (a) n-butyl acrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer; (b) at least about 0.

Abstract: A testing method for an optical information medium using an artificial fingerprint. The artificial fingerprint is made of an artificial fingerprint liquid comprising a fine-particle-form substance and a dispersion medium capable of dispersing the fine-particle-form substance.

Abstract: The present photosensitive resin composition 2 comprises a polyamic acid resin 4, a photosensitive agent, a dispersible compound 3 dispersible in the polyamic acid resin 4, and a solvent. The porous resin is obtained by removing the solvent from the photosensitive resin composition 2 to form a composition in which the dispersible compound 3 is dispersed in the polyamic acid resin 4, removing the dispersible compound to make the composition porous, and curing the porous photosensitive resin composition. The porous resin enables forming a fine circuit pattern and has a low dielectric constant and, when used as an insulating layer of a circuit board, brings about improved high frequency characteristics.

Abstract: A PDLC modulator is fabricated using at least one a selection of specially-formulated UV curable organic hard coatings as a protective layer on the exposed side of polyester (Mylar) film. The hard coatings of various related types show good adhesion on a polyester film substrate, superior hardness and toughness, and have a slippery top surface, which minimizes unnecessary wear. The coating as applied on the modulator surface significantly reduces scratch damage on modulators caused by unexpected particles on the panels under test. In addition, the slip surface will reduce stickiness to particles and therefore also reduce the possibility of panel damage.

Abstract: The methods of this invention involve modification of the properties of an organic film after it has been deposited by either adding new components into it from its top or bottom surface, or by causing components to leave the film from its top or bottom surface. In the examples of these methods, the emitting color of light-emitting diodes are modified based on doped polymers by locally introducing dopants causing different color emission into the film by local application of a solution containing the desired dopant to the film surface (by ink jet printing, screen printing, local droplet application, etc.). This overcomes difficulties encountered with the direct patterning of three separately formed organic layers (each which uniformly coats an entire surface when formed) into regions for separate R, G, and B devices due to the sensitivities of the organic materials to chemicals typically used with conventional patterning technologies.

Abstract: A composition comprising a fluid, silica precursor (A) obtained by subjecting alkoxysilane(s) to hydrolysis/polycondensation in the presence of an acid catalyst, a basic compound (B) having a basic hydroxyl group and/or a basic nitrogen atom, wherein the pH of a 0.1 N aqueous solution of compound (B) is 11 or more, and the vapor pressure of compound (B) is 1.3 kPa or lower at 100° C., and an organic compound (C) having a boiling point of 100° C. or higher, compound (C) being compatible with silica precursor (A), wherein the amount of compound (B) is from 0.0015 to 0.5 mol, in terms of the total molar amount of the basic hydroxyl groups and the basic nitrogen atoms in compound (B), per mole of Si atoms contained in silica precursor (A).

Abstract: A method of producing porous polyimide resin that enables pores to be formed in a precursor of polyimide resin, with its form of microphase-separated structure wherein a dispersive compound is dispersed in the precursor of polyimide resin being kept unchanged, so as to provide significantly reduced dielectric constant and also provide improvement in mechanical strength and heat resistance, and the porous polyimide resin produced in the same producing method. A coating comprising porous polyimide resin is formed by applying resin solution comprising a precursor of polyimide resin and a dispersive compound and then drying a solvent, to form a coating in which the dispersive compound is dispersed in the precursor of polyimide resin; extracting the dispersive compound from the coating for removal to make the precursor of the polyimide resin porous; and imidizing the coating after preheated in a temperature range of 190–250° C.