Abstract: A process is disclosed for making miniature doll heads. An oversized head is formed of a shrinkable plastisol including a plasticizer, and facial features are applied to the head using a shrinkable paint. Hair is rooted to the scalp of the oversized head. The head is reduced in size by extracting the plasticizer from the plastisol. During the extraction, the head and its facial features shrink simultaneously to form the miniature head.

Abstract: A method for making a Raney nickel electrode without employing a pressure compacting step comprising providing a substrate, coating the substrate with a Raney nickel-aluminum alloy using a plasma deposition technique, and thereafter leaching at least part of the aluminum out of the Raney alloy coating to provide a porous electrode body.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing rotary ball display devices wherein a plurality of such balls are provided with a coating of a color different from the remainder of the ball, the ball members are coated with a thin coating insoluble in the settling medium into which they are introduced, so that upon settling into a low viscosity liquid, they form a uniform layer. A high molecular weight hardenable coating material which is soluble in the low viscosity liquid is then poured onto the coated ball members to cover the layer. Then, the low viscosity liquid is removed and the hardenable coating material is caused to harden. The thin coating is then dissolved away from portions of the ball members to leave cavity portions thereabout into which a high resistivity liquid is introduced. The resulting ball members have a refractive index on the colored layer which is substantially the same as the refractive index of the high resistivity liquid contained in the cavities.

Abstract: Glass surfaces are modified using controlled chemical corrosion to reduce reflection for a variety of existing optical and ophthalmic silicate glass compositions containing at least 5 weight % of alkali metal, using neutral or slightly alkaline aqueous solutions (pH: 7.0-8.5) at temperatures of 20.degree.-100.degree. C. The solutions contain an electrolyte having a dissociation constant greater than 10.sup.-6 and contain a polyvalent metal ion. Selection of the proper range of the ratio of glass surface area treated to treating solution volume is critical for achieving satisfactory results for optical applications as well as for making the process simple, repeatable, and inexpensive.Using this invention, antireflective surfaces may be produced on optical devices of complex configuration with high uniformity.

Abstract: An improved method of producing a compressible layer to be utilized for a blanket for printing operation is disclosed, wherein the improvements are that the method comprises the steps of adding to elastomer compound of oil resistant polymer pulverized material which is dissolvable in effluent, placing the elastomer compound over a base fabric in the form of a layered structure, and subjecting to vulcanization and then immersing it in the effluent at a predetermined temperature for a certain period of time. To improve compressibility one or more another compressible layers are preferably placed over the early prepared compressible layer with adhesive agent interposed therebetween so as to form an integrated structure.

Abstract: A process for preparing a selective permeable membrane having self-supporting property, which comprises coating on a supporting substrate a dope comprising a polyimide polymer consisting essentially of a repeating unit of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a divalent organic group, an inorganic salt and an organic solvent, as a dope solvent, which dissolves a mixture of the polymer and the inorganic salt to form a homogeneous system, to prepare a dope coated supporting substrate, heat treating the substrate at a temperature which does not cause the organic solvent in the dope to boil, and then coagulating the substrate.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for coating chopped strand of glass fiber with a thermosetting resin in an individually separated state which comprises dispersing chopped strand of glass fiber impregnated with a solution of thermosetting resin into an aqueous medium and then carrying out a removal of solvent. By this process, a pellet-formed glass fiber base material thickly coated with said thermosetting resin and free from filamentation and fuzzy of glass fiber can be obtained by a simple procedure.

Abstract: A method for the preparation of magnetic particulate matter coated with a protective layer of chromium(III) hydroxide, oxyhydroxide or oxide, optionally crosslinked with polyacrylic acid, which process comprises a first step of depositing a hydrogel of chromium(III) hydroxide onto magnetic material in a desired particulate form, a second step of heating to form chromium(III) hydroxide, oxyhydroxide or oxide, and a third optional step, which may precede or follow the said second step, of crosslinking with polyacrylic acid. The coated protected magnetic particles are useful for the preparation of composite magnetic polymeric particles for use in processes involving ion exchange, filtration and adsorption.

Abstract: A method for preparing spinel (MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4) surfaces on alumina or alumino silicate articles or shapes by exposure of the article or shape to molten or vaporous magnesium or magnesium alloy for from two to ten hours under nonpyrophoric conditions.

Abstract: This disclosure is directed to a gas diffusion electrode, e.g., an oxygen (air) electrode, having a conductive, porous, sintered, plaque metal substrate containing generally spherically-shaped anchor site depressions on its active layer-contacting surface; an active layer containing catalyzed or uncatalyzed carbon particles and whose plaque-contacting surface includes anchor portions which interlock with the anchor site depressions and assist in securing the active layer to the plaque substrate, and a hydrophobic backing (wetproofing) layer in contact with the other surface of the active layer. The plaque is made by forming, e.g., by rolling or pressing, the metal powder, preferably silver, containing particulate extractable material on one face or surface thereof into a thin plaque; sintering the plaque containing the extractable material at temperatures of from about 1000.degree. to about 1300.degree. F.

Abstract: An improved cathode with a conductive metal core and a Raney-type catalytic surface predominantly derived from an adherent NiAl.sub.3 crystalline precursory outer portion of the metal core is disclosed. The precursory cuter portion preferably has molybdenum added to give a precursor alloy having the formula Ni.sub.x Mo.sub.1-x Al.sub.3 where x is within the range of from about 5 to about 15 weight percent. Also disclosed is a method of producing a low overvoltage cathode. The method includes the steps of taking a Ni-Mo core or substrate having about 5-20 weight percentage of Mo and coating it with aluminum then heat treating to form a Ni-Mo-Al alloy with mostly NiAl.sub.3 structure and then leaching out the Al to produce a Raney surface.

Abstract: A process is provided for removing contaminating residues left behind during fabrication of gas electrodes employed in metal/gas batteries, e.g., nickel/hydrogen batteries, and fuel cells employing gas electrodes. Such residues arise from depositing and sintering on a conductive, screen-type electrode substrate a platinum powder/polytetrafluoroethylene powder mixture containing a suspending agent. The residues of the suspending agent are removed by contacting the fabricated electrode with a solvent mixture comprising a first solvent, e.g., trichloroethylene, for dissolving the residues and a second solvent, e.g., ethanol, for wetting the polytetrafluoroethylene.

Abstract: The corrosive alkaline surface layer of an epoxy resin product formed by the curing of the epoxy with an aliphatic amine is eliminated by first applying a non-solvent to remove most or all of the free unreacted amine and then applying a layer of a chemical reagent to neutralize the unused amine or amine functional groups by forming a substituted urea. The surface then may be rinsed with acetone and then with alcohol. The non-solvent may be an alcohol. The neutralizing chemical reagent is a mono-isocyanate or a mono-isothiocyanate. Preferred is an aromatic mono-isocyanate such as phenyl isocyanate, nitrophenyl isocyanate and naplthyl isocyanate.

Abstract: A selective permeable membrane and a process for preparing the membrane. The process comprises applying to a supporting substrate a membrane forming solution prepared by dissolving in an organic solvent a polyimide polymer comprising principally a repeating unit represented by the general formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents a divalent organic group, and a liquid swelling agent having a coagulation value with respect to the polyimide polymer of about 50 to about 200 and a boiling point of about 50.degree. C. to about 120.degree. C. under atmospheric pressure, evaporating at least a part of the swelling agent, and coagulating the polyimide polymer by contacting the polyimide polymer with a coagulating solvent which does not dissolve the polyimide polymer but is compatible with the organic solvent and the swelling agent.

Abstract: Presensitized lithographic plates having a diazo layer are prepared such that they exhibit a photospeed rendering them suitable for ultra high speed operations including use within laser platemaking systems. These ultra high speed plates have a diazo layer that is exceedingly thin while still being generally uniformly distributed throughout the plate area. The process includes extracting a significant quantity of diazonium compound or diazonium resin from a diazo layer on a presensitized plate substrate. Plates thus formed are useful in laser exposures for facsimile transmissions, as projection plates, as camera back plates, for step and repeat plate work, and where low intensity light sources are used in conjunction with very large plates.

Abstract: A simulated volcanic rock is described, as well as a method for producing the same. The rock includes a central core encased within a concrete coating formed from a plaster which includes an aggregate of expanded polymer particles. During production of the rock, the polymer particles at the exterior surface of the coating are exposed and subsequently dissolved to leave such exterior surface with pocks simulating the gas-formed voids typically present on the surface of natural volcanic rock.

Abstract: A method of making a highly porous cermet electrode on a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is coated with noble metal and glass particles and heated to fuse the glass particles. The coated electrolyte is then annealed to form a separately leachable borate phase in the glass. That phase is then leached from the coating to leave a highly porous silica matrix throughout which the conductive particles are exposed.

Abstract: Electrodes with porous coatings are produced using an inorganic compound which is soluble in an aqueous solution, as the pore former in the coating. The inorganic pore former may be removed from the coating while the electrode is being used in an electrolytic cell without contaminating the electrolyte. Such electrodes are particularly useful in electrolytic cells, wherein they operate at a significantly lower voltage and have a longer life span than conventional electrodes.

Abstract: A release surface prepared by treating a glass substrate with dimethyldichlorosilane and trimethylchlorosilane is disclosed, wherein the proportion of trimethylchlorosilane is sufficient to facilitate cleaning or residue from the release surface but insufficient to substantially diminish the release efficiency of the treated surface.

Abstract: Corrosion resistance is provided to metal substrates by the application of a hydrophobic resinous substance containing slightly alkaline particles in suspension. When applied to the metal substrate surface the cured resin provides a controlled diffusion barrier to the particles contained therein. Upon exposure to a liquid medium containing dissolved acid salts the alkaline substance leaches through the coating to neutralize the solution. The corrosion resistant coating is especially effective as an automotive finish primer and an autobody undercoat.

Abstract: Presensitized lithographic plates having a diazo layer are prepared such that they exhibit a photospeed rendering them suitable for ultra high speed operations including use within laser platemaking systems. These ultra high speed plates have a diazo layer that is exceedingly thin while still being generally uniformly distributed throughout the plate area. The process includes extracting a significant quantity of diazonuim compound or diazonium resin from a diazo layer on a presensitized plate substrate. Plates thus formed are useful in laser exposures for facsimile transmissions, as projection plates, as camera back plates, for step and repeat plate work, and where low intensity light sources are used in conjuction with very large plates.

Abstract: The surface of an impregnated wood material having deposits of a water-insoluble treating chemical thereon as a result of the impregnation treatment, is cleaned by forming an ammoniacal liquor in situ on the surface of the wood material, dissolving the surface deposit in the ammoniacal liquor and permitting the dissolved treating chemical to migrate into the wood.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cathode having characterized by containing a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a second transition metal. Also disclosed is an electrolytic cell having an anode, a cathode, and a separator between the anode and cathode, where the cathode is characterized by a porous surface having a major portion of nickel and a hydrogen over voltage reducing amount of a second transition metal.Further disclosed is a method of electrolyzing an alkali metal chloride brine by passing an electrical current from an anode to a cathode to evolve chlorine at the anode where cathode is characterized by a porous surface containing a major portion of nickel and hydrogen overvoltage reducing amount of a second transition metal.

Abstract: A process for preparing a microporous polymeric membrane, which process comprises preparing a polymer-casting solution, casting a thin film of the casting solution on a support base, allowing partial evaporation of the solvent from the cast film for a predetermined period of time and contacting the partially evaporated cast film with the microporous leaching liquid to provide a membrane, the improvement which comprises: providing a casting solution which comprises a vinylidene fluoride polymer and from about 35 to about 85% by weight of a vinyl acetate polymer; and hydrolyzing the acetate polymer after the leaching step to convert the acetate groups to hydroxyl groups, to provide an improved membrane having good mechanical strength and hydrophilic properties.

Abstract: Polypropylene and other polyolefins are rendered flame retardant by the addition of a phosphonate ester having the following formula: ##STR1## wherein a is 0, 1 or 2, b is 0, 1 or 2, c is 1, 2 or 3 and a+b+c is 3; R and R' are the same or dissimilar and are alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, alkaryl, alkaryloxy, aralkyl, aryloyx-alkoxy, or aralkoxy, wherein the alkyl portion of these groups may contain hydroxyl but no halogen and the aryl portion may contain chlorine bromine and hydroxyl groups; R.sup.2 is alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or aryl; R.sup.3 is lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4); and a wetting agent penetrant. The presence of the penetrant promotes penetration of the retardant composition into the polypropylene. This fire retardant composition is particularly useful in polypropylene fibers and fabrics particularly where the fibers are woven into a matte.

Abstract: Chemically stable polymers in aqueous alkaline solutions are dissolved in a strongly polar solvent, thoroughly dispersed from this solvent into and throughout the interstices of porous inorganic fabrics and subsequently separated from said solvent by precipitation to provide a homogeneous reinforcement of the structural properties of said fabrics.

Abstract: An autodepositing coating process wherein a coating bath containing an acidic aqueous coating composition comprising as essential ingredients: (1) an acid; (2) an oxidizing agent; and (3) an aqueous dispersion of coating forming resin particles and surfactant, which surfactant is subject to being slowly altered by the acidic oxidizing environment in the metal coating bath resulting in the buildup of reaction products in the bath, which bath is maintained in continuous coating forming operability by replenishing in a manner which prevents the deterioration of the coating quality of the bath. The coating composition and replenishing composition may also contain as an optional ingredient an aqueous dispersion of pigment and surfactant and may also contain non-essential ingredients, which non-essential ingredients may increase in concentration as the bath is operated until a deleterious effect is asserted on the coating formation.

Abstract: Fuser members coated with a release layer of silicone rubber are treated with a solvent to remove low molecular weight siloxanes, polysiloxanes and other impurities from the silicone rubber. The solvent must be one which removes or extracts the low molecular weight siloxanes, polysiloxanes and other impurities without dissolving or otherwise adversely effecting the integrity of the silicone rubber layer coated upon a base member. Generally solvent extraction is continued until the components in the cured silicone rubber which interfer with the release properties of the rubber in releasing toner from the fuser member surface, are depleted to concentration where they do not inhibit release of the toner.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing an electrodic surface on a metal substrate by depositing nickel and iron onto the substrate to form a nickel-iron surface and then leaching iron out of the surface to form a porous nickel surface. Also disclosed is an electrode prepared by depositing nickel and iron onto a metal substrate to form a nickel-iron surface, thereafter leaching the iron out of the surface to form a porous nickel surface.

Abstract: In a method for preparing a luminescent screen which includes depositing a light-absorbing matrix upon a support, depositing a phosphor-particle layer on the matrix and support, and then coating the phosphor-particle layer with a film of organic polymeric material, the steps for salvaging the support and matrix substantially undisturbed, while substantially entirely removing the overlying material. In the method, the overlying material is contacted with an alkaline aqueous solution until the organic polymeric film is at least partially solubilized. Then, the overlying material is substantially entirely flushed away.

Abstract: The flame resistance of wool and other polyamide fibres is enhanced by depositing in the fibres a complexed zirconium compound formed with an organic chelating agent or a halide. From 0.5 to 5% of Zr (as ZrO.sub.2) is preferred and the zirconium should be in the form of an anionic complex and applied at a pH in the range 0.5 to 4. The complex can be applied by impregnation or exhaustion techniques or may be formed in situ in the fibres. Dyes including acid, premetallized and reactive dyes can be applied at the same time as the zirconium complex. Particularly preferred complexes include fluorozirconates, chlorozirconates and oxalic and citric acid complexes. Fluorocarbon and other oil- or water-repellent finishes are compatible with the zirconium complex.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a cathode ray tube an electrically conductive coating is provided on an inner surface of the tube. The boundary of said conductive coating in the neck of the tube is sharply defined by wetting the part of the surface of the tube not to be covered with a liquid to remove the conductive material from that part of the surface up to the boundary, and then rinsing the wetted surface to remove any remainder of the conductive material.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for making a splinter-flocked fabric from a multifilament tow. The tow is formed into a wide, flat ribbon, the tow is impregnated with a size liquid in order to adhere the filaments to each other, and the tow is cut into flock fibre lengths while in the form of a wide, flat ribbon, thus producing flock fibre bands. The bands are broken up into a multiplicity of splinters of controlled denier, the splinters are electrostatically flocked on a substrate, and the size is then removed as by washing with warm water, to produce a splinter-flocked fabric.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the currentless catalytic precipitation of aluminum. The surface of insulating and conductive materials (substrates) to be aluminized is (1) catalyzed, while a film-forming moisture-insensitive layer is developed, with a compound active at the boundary surfaces, by a brief immersion in a dilute solution of (a) a modified ester or acylate of titanium, zirconium or vanadium, substituted at the metal atom with short- and long-chain organic radicals or (b), a chloride of the transition metals of the IV and V secondary group of the periodic system of the elements and a water-containing metal soap of a polyvalent metal, preferably aluminum soaps; (2) is intensively rinsed with aprotic solvents, preferably having a boiling point of over 100.degree. C.; and (3) is immersed in a 1 to 4% solution of trialkylaminalanes in a solvent mixture of aromatic and highly viscous aliphatic compounds. A homogeneous and strongly adhering aluminum coating is thereby obtained.

Abstract: Water insoluble, hydrophilic copolymers of 50 to 98% of hydroxyalkyl acrylate or methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has 2 to 3 carbon atoms with 2 to 50% stearyl acrylate or methacrylate are prepared. They are particularly effective for sealing and coating building materials.

Abstract: Products having high absorbency for use in absorbent dressings and the like are prepared by precipitating a water-insoluble but water-swellable superabsorbent polymer onto the surface of a long fiber cellulose from an aqueous slurry and drying the resulting coated fibers by dehydration with a water-miscible nonsolvent for the polymer.

Abstract: A composition for trapping and removing paint from a paint spray booth characterized by an aqueous solution-suspension containing at least 4 percent by weight of a water softener, a concentration within the range of 4-25 percent by weight of a colloid that will pick up moisture and swell and remain stable in highly alkaline solutions; a concentration within the range of 1-8 percent by weight of a surfactant; and a concentration within the range of 5-50 percent by weight of an alkaline material that is either an alkali metal hydroxyide or an alkali metal metasilicate. The composition preferably also includes a concentration within the range of 0.1-3 percent by volume of a defoamer. Specific and critical examples of the respective water softener, colloid, surfactant and defoamer are disclosed, as is the optimum concentration of the ingredients. Also disclosed are improved embodiments having additional additives incorporated thereinto for specific purposes with specific types of paints.

Abstract: Microcapsules having a capsule core material surrounded by a relatively impermeable, densified protective wall and a method of producing such microcapsules are disclosed. To produce the microcapsules, an agitated system is provided including a liquid vehicle as a major component of the system and constituting a continuous first phase of the system. A plurality of discrete capsule core material entities are dispersed in the liquid vehicle and constitute a discontinuous second phase. A film-forming, cross-linkable, polymeric base material is also present in the liquid vehicle and, upon induction of phase separation within the agitated system, forms a sheath about the capsule core material entities. The formed sheath also contains entrapped liquid vehicle; however, a major portion of the entrapped liquid vehicle is subsequently extracted from the sheath, and the resulting densified polymeric base material in the sheath is then cross-linked to form a densified protective wall around the capsule core material.

Abstract: Ethylcellulose walled microcapsules, obtained from cyclohexane medium are heavily solvated with cyclohexane and tend to form lumps even after drying. Displacements of cyclohexane by pentane, hexane, heptane or octane or mixtures thereof during the isolation of the microcapsules gives a dry product which is essentially all discrete dry microcapsules.

Abstract: Transfer elements for exuding liquid ink to a copy sheet under the effects of imaging pressure, and the method of making such transfer elements. A resinous solvent composition comprising a blowing agent and a soluble solid is applied to a coating surface, the blowing agent is activated and the soluble solid is dissolved out to form a porous resinous layer which is thereafter impregnated with a pressure-exudable liquid duplicating ink.

Abstract: The composition contains an alkaline agent and a polyether of the formula ##STR1## in which R is an alkyl, aryl-alkyl, aryl or alkyl-aryl group; and n and p are integers, of which one can be 0, the sum n + p being at least equal to 12. The composition is especially applicable to painting booths for automobile bodies.

Abstract: A method of providing improved adherence of photoresist to a silicon nitride layer on a semiconductor wafer by first preparing a heated solution of trichlorophenylsilane, immersing the nitride coated wafer in the trichlorophenylsilane solution, drying and baking the wafer prior to the application of the photoresist.

Abstract: Means are provided for imparting an adherent wear and fatigue-resistant thin surface film on a metal object prior to contact of said object with another surface by the application of dinonylphenyl hydrogen phosphonate to form a surface reaction coating on the metal object.

Abstract: A technique is described for stabilizing gold plated electrical contacts wherein the contacts are treated with an oxidizing agent at elevated temperatures, so resulting in a contact structure which does not evidence resistance drift during subsequent thermal aging. Additionally, the technique may be used to reduce the contact resistance of thermally aged contacts which were not subjected to the foregoing preparative process.

Abstract: Process for producing multicolor pressure-sensitive transfer elements comprising the steps of preparing a thin microporous resinous layer, impregnating a preselected partial area thereof with a liquid non-drying ink of one color and impregnating another adjacent preselected partial area thereof with another liquid non-drying ink of a different color, an ink barrier preferably being provided between said areas to prevent integration of said different colored inks.

Abstract: A method of aligning nematic liquid crystals with their directors in a tilted configuration is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel immersion tin bath composition and a novel and improved method of depositing a smooth, even, metallic tin coating over metallic surfaces, providing improved solderability.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a contact body is disclosed wherein layers of asbestos are formed and arranged so that the individual layers bear against one another at mutually spaced positions to provide a plurality of channels extending through the body from one end to the other with the layers being heated together with at least one substance containing silicon and aluminum to sintering temperature. The addition of silicon and alumina to the contact body is adjusted so that in the sintered layers the ratio, by weight, of the oxide of silicon to the oxides of aluminum and magnesium is in the range of 45-55% SiO.sub.2, 30-45% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and 10-20% MgO.

Abstract: The process of providing protective coatings of refractory metals and alloys on to any metallic base such as: iron, aluminum, chromium, cobalt, copper, nickel, magnesium, tin, titanium, or on to any metallic alloy base such as: steels, cast irons, brasses, bronzes, and solders at temperatures as low as ambient or below, including selecting an electrolyte material capable of dissociation into ions, such that at 25.degree. C the equivalent conductance of 0.1 normal solution of electrolyte divided by that of the electrolyte solution at infinite dilution is between 0.13 and 0.93, providing a particulate refractory metal having a melting point of at least 1490.degree. C, to be deposited within the near-surface region of the base metal, admixing 99 to 50 percent by weight of said refractory metal and 1 to 50 percent by weight of said electrolyte, the refractory metal having a nascent surface capable of producing ions in solution, ionizing said refractory metal to a concentration of about 1 to 20,000 mg.

Abstract: Surface accumulation of crystalline treating agents, such as pentachlorophenol, and water insoluble extracted wood resins, developed during solvent removal after pressure impregnation, and readily removed by contacting the so treated wood while still in a heated condition with liquid solvent thereby causing ebullient boiling of the solvent at the surface effecting a cleaning action and dissolution of the removed crystalline agent in the body of the solvent. If the solvent is contacted with the hot surface and removed immediately following cessation of ebullient boiling no additional post treatment is necessary to remove solvent from the surface of the wood. If desired a light (short duration) post steaming, however, may be employed without adverse effect, i.e., bringing more treating agent to the surface which would again permit crystallization of the agent at the surface.