Abstract: A method of manufacturing an ionic conductor to improve oxygen ion conductivity that is otherwise reduced by the presence of deleterious impurities comprising silicon or silicon containing compounds. In accordance with the invention a dissolved salt of a dopant consisting of an alkaline-earth metal is applied to an oxygen ion conducting material composed of doped ceria, doped zirconia, or doped lanthanum gallate and having the impurities. The solution can also be applied with equal success to cation salts and oxides used in making the oxygen ion conducting material. The oxygen ion conducting material with the solution applied thereto is thoroughly mixed and then heated to evaporate the solvent and to decompose the alkaline-earth salt and thereby to form said ionic conductor.

Abstract: A low cost chromide and chromide/aluminide process for moderate temperature applications. A gas turbine engine component is cleaned and coated with a layer of metal, generally chromium or chromium and aluminum, containing paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a first temperature for a first period of time in an air environment to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The metal containing paint layer is heated to a second temperature for a second period of time in an oxygen-free atmosphere to volatilize the solvents in the paint. The now metal layer and component are heated to a third temperature for a third period of time to interdiffuse the metal and the metal of the component. The component and diffusion layer are then cooled to ambient temperature.

Abstract: A method to apply a material layer, comprises selecting a first material with a first melting temperature and a second material composition having a second melting temperature at least 40° C. lower than the first melting temperature; forming a suspension comprising the first material and second material composition in a carrier medium; depositing the suspension onto a surface to form a layer; and controllably heating the layer to a temperature at least 20° C. above the melting temperature of the second material composition but no higher than 20° C. below the melting temperature of the first material, to dissolve at least some of the first material in melted second material composition. A composition of matter, comprises a first material with a first melting temperature and a second material composition having a second melting temperature at least 40° C. lower than the first melting temperature and a carrier medium.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an electroless or electrolytic process for treating metallic surfaces. The process employs a medium comprising at least one oxygen containing water soluble compound (e.g., stannates, molybdates, vanadates and hydrated cerium compounds) having a controlled and predetermined concentration, temperature and pH wherein the metallic surface is at least partially corroded or solubilized.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for producing porous ceramic layers on metallic, ceramic, enameled or glass substrates using crystalline nanoparticles of particle sizes of between 3 nm and 100 nm via a wet-chemical process and functionalising of this porous ceramic layer through introducing a second component into the pores of the porous ceramic layer which serves as carrier layer.

Abstract: A pearlescent paint composition comprising a film-former and a solids material comprising a pearlizing effective amount of a pearlizing compound, a hiding material and a pigment, the improvement wherein the pigment is white and the hiding material is selected from the groups consisting of metals selected from particulate aluminum, zinc, copper, nickel, stainless steel and alloys thereof, and compounds selected from aluminum oxide, aluminum silicate, hydrated magnesium aluminum silicate, silica, mica aluminum silicate, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium sulphate, calcium metasilicate, anhydrous sodium potassium aluminum silicate, sodium aluminum silicate, alumina trihydrate and barium sulphate in, respective, effective whitening and hiding amounts. Preferably, the pearlizing compound is a mica, the hiding material is particulate aluminum and the white pigment is titanium.

Abstract: An article having an internal passage therein and an internal article surface is coated by providing a coating slurry that is a mixture of a deposition source including a source of aluminum, a halide activator, and a flowable carrier comprising a flowable compound selected from the group consisting of a flowable organic compound and a flowable inorganic compound. There is no oxide dispersant in the coating slurry. The coating slurry is introduced into the internal passage and dried to remove at least a portion of the carrier therefrom and leave a dried coating material. The article surface in gaseous communication with the dried coating material is heated to form an aluminum-containing coating bonded to the article surface. Any residual dried coating material is removed by blowing compressed air through the internal passage.

Abstract: A surface of an article is protected by coating the surface with a silicon-containing coating by preparing a coating mixture of silicon, a halide activator, and an oxide powder, positioning the surface of the article in gaseous communication with the coating mixture, and heating the surface of the article and the coating mixture to a coating temperature of from about 1150° F. to about 1500° F. The article is preferably a component of a gas turbine engine made of a nickel-base superalloy.

Abstract: A method for coating a building product in which a coating formulation is provided which includes an hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent. A slurry is produced from said formulation and applied to the product to be coated. The resultant coating is then dewatered through said product. Dewatering can be accomplished with or without vacuum assistance. The method is suitable for producing a composite product which comprises a base structural layer with the coating thereon.

Abstract: A process or preparing a coating composition which involves forming a hydrolysis product is described.

Abstract: A process for producing a magnetic recording medium having at least one magnetic layer formed above a support is provided. The process includes a step of providing, on at least one side of the support, a smoothing coating layer having a thickness of 0.10 to 1 &mgr;m, a surface roughness of at most 5 nm, a number of projections having a height of 20 nm or higher measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM) of at most 20 projections/900 &mgr;m2, and an amount of residual solvent of less than 10 mg/m2, and a step of forming at least one magnetic layer on or above the smoothing coating layer without winding up.

Abstract: A coated substrate giving a metallic surface impression is described which is obtained from a process in which

Abstract: A phosphate bonded ceramic is used to provide a diffusion barrier on a titanium alloy substrate, conferring degradation (eg oxidation) resistance to the alloy. The substrate may, for example, be an aerospace component such as a part of a gas turbine engine.

Abstract: An antisoiling hardcoated film comprising a substantially transparent substrate, a hardcoat layer comprising inorganic oxide particles dispersed in a binder matrix, and an antisoiling layer comprising a perfluoropolyether. The antisoiling layer can be very thin, thus reducing the cost of the perfluoropolyether. The film has very good scratch, smudge and glare resistance and very good interlayer adhesion and durability. The film can be in the form of a single flexible substrate or a stack of such substrates. The film or stack can be sized to fit the display screen of an electronic display device such as a personal digital assistant or cell phone.

Abstract: A fine feldspathic earthenware including a body and a glaze layer covering surfaces of the body. The body has water absorption percentage of not lower than 3% and lower than 15% and includes an annular bottom formed on a bottom portion of the body. The glaze layer is absent on a surface of the annular bottom, and the surface of the annular bottom is covered with an annular vitrified layer which has substantially no water absorbing property. The vitrified layer is formed by coating the surface of the annular bottom with a composition having lower refractoriness than the body, and biscuit-firing the composition together with the body.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method of making a polymer compound material by coating an inorganic material on the surface of a polymer. The method provided by the present invention comprises the step of spraying a high volatile solvent to a chipped polymeric matrix to slightly dissolve the surface of the matrix, and the step of adding inorganic material powders to let the powders be coated on the surface of the matrix layer by layer so as to form the polymer compound material.

Abstract: Superconductor precursor solutions are disclosed. The precursor solutions contain, for example, a salt of a rare earth metal, a salt of an alkaline earth metal and a salt of a transition metal. The precursor solutions can optionally include a Lewis base. The precursor solutions can be processed relatively quickly to provide a relatively thick and good quality intermediate of a rare earth metal-alkaline earth metal-transition metal oxide.

Abstract: A series of bulk-size magnetic/insulating nanostructured composite soft magnetic materials with significantly reduced core loss and its manufacturing technology. This insulator coated magnetic nanostructured composite is comprises a magnetic constituent, which contains one or more magnetic components, and an insulating constituent. The magnetic constituent is nanometer scale particles (1-100 nm) coated by a thin-layered insulating phase (continuous phase). While the intergrain interaction between the immediate neighboring magnetic nanoparticles separated by the insulating phase (or coupled nanoparticles) provide the desired soft magnetic properties, the insulating material provides the much demanded high resistivity which significantly reduces the eddy current loss. The resulting material is a high performance magnetic nanostructured composite with reduced core loss.

Abstract: A heat-rejection coating is applied to a metallic component of a gas turbine engine, preferably made of a nickel-base superalloy. A component surface is preferably pre-treated, as by polishing the component surface, thereafter pre-oxidizing the component surface, and thereafter applying a ceramic barrier coating onto the component surface. A reflective-coating mixture is air sprayed onto the pre-treated component surface. The reflective-coating mixture includes a metallic pigment, such as platinum, gold, palladium, and alloys thereof, and a reflective-coating-mixture carrier. The component with the reflective-coating mixture sprayed thereon is fired.

Abstract: A metal surface is coated with a phosphate coating by wetting the surface with an aqueous acidic phosphatizing solution containing from 1.2 to less than 10 g/l zinc ions; from 0.2 to 2.

Abstract: A method of processing a porous ceramic preform is disclosed comprising: partially infiltrating interconnected pores of a ceramic preform with an organic fluid, converting the organic fluid on pore surfaces of preform to a carbon film, and injecting silicon into the pores with the carbon film of the preform.

Abstract: A method for making an enameled steel sheet includes the steps of spraying a slurry to form a slurry layer onto a surface of a substrate and firing the slurry layer. In this method, the slurry has a static surface tension of 50 dyne/cm or less and an apparent viscosity of 500 mPa·s that is measured with a model E viscometer at a rotation of 100 rpm. Alternatively, the method includes a step of spraying a slurry for forming an enamel layer onto a surface of a substrate, wherein the substrate is vibrated when the slurry is applied or when the slurry applied is still fluid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent conductive layered structure which comprises a transparent substrate, a transparent conductive layer and a transparent coating layer formed successively in this order on the substrate, and is used in, for instance, the front panel of displays such as CRT, etc. The transparent conductive layered structure according to the invention is characterized in that the main components of the above-mentioned transparent conductive layer are gold microparticles or gold-containing noble metal microparticles containing 5 wt % or more of gold with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, and a binder matrix comprising at least one functional group selected from mercapto groups (—SH), sulfide groups (—S), and polysulfide groups (—Sx, X≧2). Film strength and weather resistance of the transparent conductive layer are improved because the noble metal microparticles and a binder matrix are firmly bonded via the above-mentioned functional groups.

Abstract: A process for forming foil. A carrier is provided in a solution comprising water with approximately 3% methyl ethyl cellulose. A pigment consisting of a dispersion of mica flakes is mixed with the carrier to provide a mixture. The mixture is applied to a surface to dry. The mixture may be poured or sprayed on the surface and allowed to dry. When dry, the mixture is removed from the surface as a sheet of foil that is malleable and consistent in color.

Abstract: A heated and pressed printed wiring board is made by filling via holes formed in layers of insulating film of the wiring board with an interlayer conducting material. The insulating film is stacked with conductor patterns, and each conductor pattern closes a via hole. The interlayer conducting material forms a solid conducting material in the via holes after a heating a pressing procedure. The solid conducting material includes two types of conducting materials. The first type of conducting material includes a metal, and the second type of conductive material includes an alloy formed by the metal and conductor metal of the conductor patterns. The conductor patterns are electrically connected reliably without relying on mere mechanical contact.

Abstract: This invention describes methods of synthesis and applications of planarized photonic crystals. Provided are simple, quick, reproducible and inexpensive methods that combine self-assembly and lithography to achieve the first examples of vectorial control of thickness, structure, area, topology, orientation and registry of colloidal crystals that have been patterned in substrates for use in lab-on-chip and photonic chip technologies. 1-, 2 and 3-D colloidal crystals patterned either on or within substrates can be used for templating inverted colloidal crystal replica patterns made of materials like silicon as well as building micron scale structural defects in such colloidal crystals.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic body is dipped into a slurry stored in a dipping tank, while the slurry is forcibly circulated between the dipping tank and a viscosity adjusting tank by a circulating pump. A slurry film is formed on a predetermined portion of the solid electrolytic body through this dipping treatment. Then, the slurry film is changed into a porous layer through a sintering treatment.

Abstract: A method of making a cemented carbide body having WC with an average grain size of 0.5-4 &mgr;m, 3.5-9 wt % Co and <2 wt % carbides of Ta, Ti and Nb, and with a substoichiometric carbon content, the method including sintering the body such that an eta phase containing structure is obtained with a size of 1-15 &mgr;m and a content of 10 vol. %-35 vol. %, and subjecting the body to recarburization such that the eta phase in a 50-350 &mgr;m wide intermediate zone is transformed to WC+Co without essentially changing its Co-content.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hot melt conductor paste composition that includes conductive particles and glass particles dispersed in a thermoplastic polymer system. The hot melt conductor paste composition according to the invention is a solid at room temperature, but melts at a temperature of from about 35° C. to about 90° C. to form a flowable liquid that can be applied to a silicon substrate by screen printing. The hot melt conductor paste composition is particularly suitable for use in the fabrication of photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: A method of making a cutting insert includes forming a powder mixture containing WC, 2-10 wt % Co, 4-12 wt % cubic carbides, adding N in an amount of 0.9-1.7 % of the weight of the cubic carbides, mixing the powder with a pressing agent, milling and spray drying the mixture, compacting and sintering the material at 1300-1500 in an atmosphere of sintering gas 40-60 mbar, applying post-sintering treatment, and applying a coating by CVD or MTCVD.

Abstract: A sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body. The surface glaze layer has a center line average roughness Ra of less than 0.07 &mgr;m as measured with a stylus type surface roughness tester according to JIS B 0651-1996.

Abstract: A protective coating is formed on a metallic surface by contacting the surface with an aqueous solution of fluoromet-allate followed by an aqueous solution containing vanadate ions. The process does not require the use of any organic substances, but provides a corrosion resistant surface having good heat conductivity.

Abstract: A cerium-based coating for corrosion resistance is applied by exposing a cleaned aluminum-based component to a corrosion-inhibiting cerium solution containing cerium ions in the presence of an oxidizing agent. The coating deposits spontaneously without an external source of electrons.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a process for the fabrication of features on a silicon wafer utilizing fibers or ribbons comprising organic polymer and inorganic material.

Abstract: A method for coating an article includes preparing a coating precursor paint including aluminum-containing pigment particles, a temporary organic binder comprising an acrylic, and a solvent for the temporary organic binder. The coating precursor paint is applied to a surface of the article and thereafter heated to a temperature of from about 1200° F. to about 2100° F. in a non-oxidizing environment.

Abstract: An organometallic precursor mixture for forming a metal alloy pattern and a method of forming the metal alloy pattern using the same, wherein the metal alloy pattern having improved adhesive force to a substrate, heat resistance, and resistance to atmospheric corrosion can be readily formed using the organometallic precursor mixture by and exposing step without using a separate photosensitive resin.

Abstract: The zinc-base plated steel sheet has a steel sheet, a zinc-base plating layer on the steel sheet, and a composite coating film formed on the plating layer, which composite coating layer contains a P ingredient, an N ingredient, and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Mo, and is prepared, by applying an aqueous solution containing a cationic ingredient (&agr;) and a phosphoric acid ingredient (&bgr;) onto the surface of plating layer on the zinc-base plated steel sheet, and then drying the applied aqueous solution, without giving washing with water, and which cationic ingredient (&agr;) consists essentially of at least one metallic ion selected from the group consisting of Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, and NH4+ ions.

Abstract: A coated diamond which is dense and excellent in adherence and enables diamond to exhibit its superior characteristics, a manufacturing method and a composite material of the coated diamond are achieved. The coated diamond includes a diamond (1) and an SiC film (2) coating the diamond (1). The SiC mentioned above is substantially formed of &bgr;-SiC and a value of ratio I (220)/I (111) is at least 0.38 and at most 0.55, I (220) representing peak intensity of Miller index (220) of SiC and I (111) representing peak intensity of Miller index (111) thereof.

Abstract: Silica-based refractories are impregnated with protective material that is more resistant towards attack by corrosive species. The protective material coats the surface of the refractory matrix and fills some of the cavity volume of its pores, crevices, surfaces imperfections and irregularities. The protective material is positioned by impregnating the refractory with a precursor which, under the input of energy, is converted into the corrosion resistant protective material.

Abstract: A catalyst suitable for making carbon nanotubes is formed by depositing a transition-metal compound on an aerogel support to form a supported catalyst, calcining the supported catalyst, and activating the catalyst by reducing the transition-metal compound on the support. The transition-metal compound can comprise, for example, at least one element from Group VIII-B or Group VI-B, such as iron, cobalt or a combination thereof. The aerogel can comprise, for example, a material selected from the group consisting of alumina, magnesia, alumina/silica, silica and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A non-sintered element body having a predetermined shape is fabricated from powdery raw material of a solid electrolytic body. The non-sintered element body is temporarily sintered to obtain a partially-sintered element body as a semi-finished product of the solid electrolytic body. An outer surface of the partially-sintered element body is dipped into a slurry. The slurry contains surface roughing powder including large and small grains which are mutually differentiated in grain size. Then, the partially-sintered element body with a rough slurry film coated thereon is completely sintered into the solid electrolytic body.

Abstract: A method for sintering a porous coating on an open-structure substrate, i.e., a substrate with pre-made pores or openings. The open-structure substrate is spread with a coating paste that is prepared with such a viscosity so that the paste will not drip through the pores/openings on the open-structure substrate. The coating paste is then sintered to form a porous layer on the surface of the open-structure substrate. Optionally, the porous coating may be further coated with a catalyst for fuel cell applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a tungsten film coating method using tungsten oxide powders including the steps of contacting the tungsten oxide powders with a metal substrate and carrying out thermal reduction treatment thereon at a temperature of at least 650° C. under a hydrogen atmosphere just to coat the tungsten film on the metal substrate. Accordingly, the present invention enables to provide a simple method of coating a tungsten thin film on a metal substrate using the phenomenon of tungsten migration through vapor phase when thermal reduction treatment is carried out on tungsten oxide powders without using previous chemical or physical vapor depositions requiring expensive precision equipments or causing environmental pollution.

Abstract: An environmentally resistant coating (34) for improving the oxidation resistance of a niobium-based refractory metal intermetallic composite (Nb-based RMIC) at high temperatures, the environmentally resistant coating (34) comprising silicon, titanium, chromium, and niobium. The invention includes a turbine system (10) having turbine components (11) comprising at least one Nb-based RMIC, the environmentally resistant coating (34) disposed on a surface (33) of the Nb-based RMIC, and a thermal barrier coating (42) disposed on an outer surface (40) of the environmentally resistant coating (34). Methods of making a turbine component (11) having the environmentally resistant coating (34) and coating a Nb-based RMIC substrate (32) with the environmentally resistant coating (34) are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for nitriding a metallic base material at low temperatures in a salt bath containing electrolyzed titanium metal. A nitride coating of exceptional depth and hardness is obtained in a very short operating time due to the rapid nitriding process. The method is applicable to steel, titanium, aluminum and alloys thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a painted ceramic body. A transfer material containing an inorganic pigment, or hot melt ink containing an inorganic pigment is directly or indirectly disposed on the surface of a ceramic body in an imagewise manner. Subsequently, the ceramic body with the image formed thereon is heated and the inorganic pigment contained in the image is sintered on the surface of the ceramic body.

Abstract: A single-step heat treating and surface coating process is provided for steel self-piercing rivets for joining 5xxx and 6xxx aluminum panels. In this process, two coats of zinc and aluminum flakes in an inorganic binder are applied to the steel rivets. After each coating, the rivets are heated to set and cure the coats and to achieve the desired microstructure and hardness level for joining 5xxx and 6xxx aluminum panels. The coating curing step combines the heat treatment with surface coating into a single-step procedure.

Abstract: As a method of treating a frame of spectacles which enables fine color modulation with ease, good reproducibility, and at low cost, there is provided a method of treating the surface of a frame of spectacles characterized in that a surface treating composition comprising a metal complex is used to form a coating layer on part or the whole of the surface of the frame of spectacles.

Abstract: The disclosed invention relates to the field of ceramics and concerns an open-cell expanded ceramic which may be used in the form of a deep-bed filter, and a process for the production thereof. The primary object is to produce an open-cell expanded ceramic by a simple and economical process. This object is attained by an open-cell expanded ceramic in which the inner cavities, cracks and the porosity of the ceramic members are filled partially or completely by one or a plurality of metal and/or ceramic phases and/or glass phases. The open-cell expanded ceramic is also produced in that during or after sintering the cavities, cracks and the porosity of the ceramic members are partially or completely filled with a melt or a suspension which melt below the melting temperature of the expanded ceramic, have a coefficient of expansion similar to the coefficient of expansion of the expanded ceramic, and a very good wetting capacity, and only react partially or not at all with constituents of the expanded ceramic.

Abstract: A thermal processing method of the invention includes; a loading step of loading an object to be processed into a processing container, the object having a surface provided with a silicon film having a minutely irregular profile; and a doping step of introducing phosphorus atoms in the silicon film as impurities, by using PH3 gas as a doping gas while maintaining a temperature of 550 to 750° C.