Abstract: A piece for protection has applied thereto a composition comprising a mixture of boride powder constituted for the most part of TiB2, at least one vitreous refractory oxide powder constituted for the most part by a mixture of borosilicate glass, and a binder containing a ceramic-precursor resin. The resin is cured and is subsequently transformed into a ceramic by heat treatment or during first exposure of the coated part to high temperatures.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming smooth polycrystalline silicon electrodes for molecular electronic devices. The method comprises: depositing a silicon layer in an amorphous form; forming a native oxide on a surface of the amorphous silicon layer at a temperature between room temperature to 500° C.; and converting the amorphous silicon to polycrystalline silicon by heat-treating at a temperature in a range of 600° to 800° C. for a period of time in a range of 1 minute to 24 hrs, with higher temperatures associated with shorter times, in an inert atmosphere. The method converts the amorphous form of silicon to the higher conductivity polycrystalline form, while retaining the smoothness associated with the amorphous form.

Abstract: Porous coatings on high-performance ceramics attempt to combine the mechanical and thermal characteristics, which fulfil stringent demands, of the substrate material with the advantageous properties of coating materials. The subsequent application of layers of this type to the pre-sintered substrate produces unsatisfactory results in several areas of use with regard to possible layer thickness, porosity and adhesion. According to the invention, a shaped body consisting of a sintered, inorganic material, whose surface comprises a porous layer is produced in such a way that the base body is first formed as a green body. A layer in the form of a suspension, also containing an inorganic material, is then applied to thc surface or to one section of the surface of the base body. A predetermined fraction of a pore-forming substance is mixed with at least the material of said layer and the green body with its applied layer is subjected to the thermal treatments required for producing a monolithic sintered body.

Abstract: Precursor compositions for the deposition of electronic features such as resistors and dielectric components and methods for the deposition of the precursor compositions. The precursor compositions have a low viscosity, such as not greater than about 1000 centipoise and can be deposited using a direct-write tool. The precursors also have a low conversion temperature, enabling the formation of electronic features on a wide variety of substrates, including low temperature substrates.

Abstract: A spin valve structure and a method for manufacturing it are described. The spin valve uses a modified pinned layer that consists of two cobalt iron layers separated by a layer of either ruthenium, iridium, or rhodium. A key feature of the invention is that this spacer layer is significantly thinner (typically 3-4 Angstroms) than similar layers in prior art structures. Normally, when such thin spacer layers are used, annealing fields in excess of 20,000 Oersted are needed to cause the two cobalt iron layers to become antiparallel. The present invention, however, teaches that much lower annealing fields (spanning a limited range) may be used with equal effect. The result is that a very high internal pinning field is created giving devices of this type greater pinned layer stability and reduced pinning reversal. These devices also exhibits a minimum amount of open looping in their hysteresis curves.

Abstract: Methods of making a coated cemented carbide body include: forming a powder mixture having WC, 5-12 wt % Co, 3-11% cubic carbides of Ta and Ti with a ratio of Ta/Ti is 1.0-4.0; adding N in an amount of 0.6-2.0% of the weight of Ta and Ti; milling and spray-drying the mixture to form a powder; compacting and sintering the powder at a temperature of 1300-1500° C., in a controlled atmosphere of about 50 mbar followed by cooling, whereby a body having a binder phase enriched and essentially gamma-phase free surface zone of 5-50 &mgr;m in thickness is obtained; applying a pre-coating treatment to the body; and appling a hard, wear-resistant coating to the body.

Abstract: A substrate is protected by a multilayer protective coating having an oxide layer, and a phosphate/organic binder layer initially overlying the oxide layer. The multilayer protective coating is cured by first degassing the multilayer protective coating in a pre-cure degassing temperature range of from about 250° F. to about 500° F. for a time of at least about 30 minutes. The multilayer protective coating is thereafter heated to a curing temperature range of from about 1200° F. to about 1400° F. for a time of at least about 30 minutes.

Abstract: A method for rigidifying a fiber-based paper substrate for use in the exhaust system of a combustion device. In the method, a green ceramic fiber-based paper substrate is impregnated with an impregnating material. The impregnated substrate is fired to form a rigidified substrate that is suitable for use in the exhaust system of a combustion device. This rigidification process is performed at least once and, preferably, two or more times.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel copper formate complexes and the deposition of metallic copper on substrates or in or on porous solids using these novel copper complexes.

Abstract: In a method for manufacturing an Al clad product, first, cladding material is fused and coated on base material having Al. Then, slurry material is coated on the cladding material coated on the base material, the slurry material including mixture of a flux powder, a resin binder powder and a diluent. Thereafter, the slurry material is hardened to thereby provide a hardened product including the base material, the cladding material and hardened slurry material. In a subsequent step, the hardened product is brazed to thereby provide an Al clad product, wherein the diluent included in the slurry material is gasified in the hardening process of the slurry material and the cladding material is fused by employing an arc discharge technique.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a dense and crack-free ceramic membrane which selectively transports oxygen when it is subjected to an oxygen partial pressure gradient, by the following steps: a) preparation of a porous ceramic substrate, with an open network of pores, which allows the transport of gas; b) deposition of a film or coating of an oxygen ion conducting material onto the porous ceramic substrate, by contacting the porous substrate with a colloidal dispersion or slip; c) thermally treating the substrate and film or coating to produce a dense, crack-free membrane on the surface of the porous substrate.

Abstract: A vacuum deposition process for depositing powdered phosphor on fiber optic face plates, such as the output fiber optic window of gated image intensifiers. The process involves resistive heating vacuum deposition of a powdered phosphor, such as Zn, CD, (S) to a thickness of 7900 Angstroms, for example, after which it is annealed which promotes a columnar growth and makes the phosphor efficient. The thus annealed phosphor can then be directly overcoated with aluminum of a thinner coating than over a powdered phosphor produced by prior known methods due to the smoother surface produced by this process.

Abstract: A method for coating an article includes preparing a coating precursor paint including aluminum-containing pigment particles, a temporary organic binder comprising an acrylic, and a solvent for the temporary organic binder. The coating precursor paint is applied to a surface of the article and thereafter heated to a temperature of from about 1200° F. to about 2100° F. in a non-oxidizing environment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of synthesizing hydroxy apatite comprising the steps of preparing a mixed material slurry by dispersing calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) powder into a phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solution; conducting a mechanochemical milling treatment in which shearing force and compressive force based on a centrifugal force of a mechanical rotating body are imparted to the mixed material slurry, and reacting the calcium hydrate component with the phosphoric acid component under normal temperature and pressure thereby to prepare hydroxy apatite (HAp) powder having fine crystals. According to the structure described above, there can be provided a method of synthesizing hydroxy apatite having fine and uniform particle size which can be directly synthesized under normal temperature and pressure in a short time through simple and single process.

Abstract: A method of depositing solder on a conductive region of a substrate comprising providing a substrate having a substrate aperture and a coefficient of thermal expansion. A polymeric stencil is also provided such as to have a stencil aperture and a coefficient of thermal expansion which is approximately equal to the coefficient of thermal expansion of the substrate. The method also includes disposing the polymeric stencil on the substrate such that the stencil aperture is aligned with a conductive region; and reflowing the solder paste while the polymeric stencil remains disposed on the substrate. The polymeric stencil is then removed from the substrate essentially without any solder-paste being removed with the polymeric stencil.

Abstract: An environmentally resistant coating (34) for improving the oxidation resistance of a niobium-based refractory metal intermetallic composite (Nb-based RMIC) at high temperatures, the environmentally resistant coating (34) comprising silicon, titanium, chromium, and niobium. The invention includes a turbine system (10) having turbine components (11) comprising at least one Nb-based RMIC, the environmentally resistant coating (34) disposed on a surface (33) of the Nb-based RMIC, and a thermal barrier coating (42) disposed on an outer surface (40) of the environmentally resistant coating (34). Methods of making a turbine component (11) having the environmentally resistant coating (34) and coating a Nb-based RMIC substrate (32) with the environmentally resistant coating (34) are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for constructing a layer structure on an especially fragile flat substrate. In order for thin, fragile flat substrates to be able to be subjected to refinement or construction of semiconductor components, a process is proposed with the steps: Applying an inorganic ceramic phase to the fragile substrate and subsequent heat treatment for hardening and sintering the inorganic ceramic material.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating for nickel based superalloy articles such as turbine engine vanes and blades that are exposed to high temperature gas is disclosed. The coating includes a columnar grained ceramic layer applied to a platinum modified Ni3Al gamma prime phase bond coat having a high purity alumina scale. The preferred composition of the bond coat is 5 to 16% by weight of aluminum, 5 to 25% by weight of platinum with the balance, at least 50% by weight, nickel. A method for making the bond coat is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for coating a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy surface by slurry deposition/heat diffusion. The method includes preparing a slurry of a metal coating powder mixed into an adhesive carrier that will burn off ash-free during a diffusion cycle, depositing the slurry onto the surface of a Ni- or Co-based superalloy material to form a coated surface, and heating the coated surface to a temperature of at least about 1600° F. to diffuse the metal coating powder into the metal substrate.

Abstract: An article such as a gas turbine blade or vane has a superalloy substrate, and a coating system deposited on the substrate. The coating system includes a protective layer overlying the substrate, and, optionally, a ceramic thermal barrier coating layer overlying the bond coat. The protective layer has an uppermost layer with a composition including platinum, aluminum, and, in atom percent, from about 0.14 to about 2.8 percent hafnium and from about 2.7 to about 7.0 percent silicon, with the atomic ratio of silicon:hafnium being from about 1.7:1 to about 5.6:1.

Abstract: A composite crucible for pulling up monocrystalline silicone, which is superior in shape stability and suitable for a large-sized one is provided. The composite crucible is characterized in that a carbonaceous material as an outer layer and a quartz glass as an inner layer are integrally formed.

Abstract: A method of treating a metallic surface which comprises treating a metal-coated steel panel with a nonchromate metallic surface treating agent containing, in each liter thereof, (a-1) a silane coupling agent and/or a hydrolytic condensation product thereof, (a-2) water-dispersible silica in a proportion, and (a-3) a zirconium compound and/or a titanium compound, drying the treated steel panel and coating it with an anticorrosion coating agent containing, in each liter of an aqueous resin solution or dispersion, (b-1) a silane coupling agent and/or a hydrolytic condensation product thereof, (b-2) water-dispersible silica and (b-3) at least one phosphorus-containing ion selected from among phosphate ion, phosphite ion and hypophosphite ion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of decorating a ceramic substrate. The method according to the invention includes applying a slurry that includes solid particles of at least one color-contributing metal salt dispersed in a saturated solution of at least one color-contributing metal salt having a viscosity of from about 10 to about 20,000 centipoise to a ceramic substrate, applying a solvent to the ceramic substrate in amount sufficient to at least partially dissolve the solid particles, and firing the ceramic substrate. Preferably, the solid particles in the slurry have a diameter of less than about 40 microns. The present invention also provides a porcelain tile decorated in with the method.

Abstract: A liner and method of forming a liner for a tungsten plug in a semiconductor device which reduces cost and improves reliability. In one aspect, it has been discovered that by depositing an initial film of titanium using any conventional process such as CVD, PVD or IMP (ion metal plasma) and then heating the device in a nitrogen atmosphere to a temperature of about 450 degrees C., a thin protective layer of titanium nitride can be form on the surface of the initial film. The protective layer has been found to be uniform in density and avoids the irregularities occurring in deposited titanium nitride. The thickness of the TiN layer can be controlled by controlling the time duration of the annealing process and by controlling the pressure of the nitrogen in the annealing tool. Using this two step method, the integrity of the titanium nitride layer is preserved and the formation of volcanoes is avoided.

Abstract: The invention provides for oxidatively resistant silicon carbide coated carbon/carbon composites, a method for the preparation of these materials, and their use in high temperature applications, preferably in brakes for airplanes. The silicon carbide coated C/C composite, which is resistant to oxidation at high temperatures, is prepared by a method comprising: (a) coating a C/C composite base with a reactive carbon containing composition to form a reactive carbon coated C/C composite; followed by (b) applying a silicon containing composition to the reactive carbon coated C/C composite to form a bi-layered C/C composite; (c) heating the bi-layered C/C composite to at least the melting point of silicon to form the silicon carbide coated C/C composite; and optionally (d) applying a retardant solution to the silicon carbide coated C/C composite wherein the retardant solution comprises the ions formed from the combination of the following: 10-80 wt % H2O and 90-20 wt % H3PO4.

Abstract: A surfacing method and apparatus produce a smooth surface on the wall of a swimming pool. The smooth surface minimizes both algae growth on the pool wall and skin abrasions caused by the surface. The method and apparatus utilize a cement slurry composition which includes a liquid bonding agent and fibers to increase the strength of the surface so the surface can be polished by a water cooled diamond impregnated surfacing wheel.

Abstract: Sanitary wares having a controlled surface are disclosed which are less likely to be stained or soiled and/or possess excellent gloss. The first sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, wherein the surface glaze layer has a center line average roughness Ra of less than 0.07 &mgr;m. This sanitary ware is advantageous in that stains or soils are much less likely to be adhered to the surface thereof and, even when adhered to the surface thereof, can be removed by a weak water stream. The second sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, wherein the surface glaze layer has a kurtosis Rku of less than 2.70. This sanitary ware advantageously possesses excellent surface gloss.

Abstract: An article includes a substrate and an adhesion layer overlying the substrate. The adhesion layer includes a first phase including particles, and a second phase including braze alloy that bonds the particles to the substrate. The article further includes a ceramic layer overlying the adhesion layer. In one embodiment, the ceramic layer is a thermal barrier coating (TBC), formed of stabilized zirconia (ZrO2).

Abstract: This disclosure sets out a method of forming a protective layer on the surface of the material of drill bits to increase the number of hits when drilling very small holes such as those drilled in printed circuit board (PCB's). The process involves forming a phosphorous based solution which is used as a dip to treat the drill bits, and then it is heated to drive off the solvent which is primarily water, oil, or glycol. This leaves a protective layer featuring phosphorous based materials on the surface of drill bit. This works for tool steel drill bits and also for those made with a cobalt alloy holding together tungsten carbide particles. The method preferably includes applying a treatment fluid in lieu of cutting oil during the fabrication of the cutting tool, the fluid including a compound containing phosphorus and nitrogen/hydrogen groups.

Abstract: A protective coating for aluminate phosphors is described. The protective coating comprises at least a partial spinel coating having the general formula Mg1-xAl2(1-y)O4-3y-x, where 0≦x<1 and 0≦y<1. The coating is applied by an aqueous solution method which may be compatible with conventional fluorescent lamp manufacturing techniques.

Abstract: Process for producing substrates with a layer comprising an inorganic gel, glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic material, in which a coating composition comprising nanosize particles and water soluble organic flexibilizers is applied to the substrate and heat treated. Crack-free and transparent thick films can be obtained by means of the process. The coated substrates are particularly suitable for optical, optoelectronic, electronic, micromechanical or dirt-repellent components.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent conductive layered structure having a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer and transparent coating layer formed in succession on this substrate, used in, for instance, the front panel of CRT, etc., display devices. The main components of said transparent conductive layer are noble metal microparticles with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, wherein the microparticles are made from gold and/or platinum and silver and the gold and/or platinum content is within a range exceeding 50 wt % up to 95 wt %, and a binder matrix.

Abstract: A method for improving the oxidation and corrosion resistance of stainless steels used in high temperature gaseous and/or molten salt environments in which a protective coating is applied to the stainless steel. The coating is applied by forming a mixture of an aqueous solution of at least one metal salt and polyethylene glycol and applying the mixture to a stainless steel substrate. The coated stainless steel substrate is heated to a temperature suitable for evaporating water, resulting in evaporation of water from the mixture disposed on the stainless steel substrate and formation of a layer of the polyethylene glycol and the metal salt. The stainless steel substrate is then heated to a temperature suitable for vaporizing the polyethylene glycol, resulting in vaporization of the polyethylene glycol and decomposition of the at least one metal salt into nanometer-size metal oxide particles. The metal oxide particles are then sintered, forming a dense metal oxide layer on the stainless steel substrate.

Abstract: A high performance specular free layer bottom spin valve is disclosed. This structure made up the following layers: NiCr/MnPt/CoFe/Ru/CoFe/Cu/free layer/Cu/Ta or TaO/Al2O3. A key feature is that the free layer is made of a very thin CoFe/NiFe composite layer. Experimental data confirming the effectiveness of this structure is provided, together with a method for manufacturing it and, additionally, its longitudinal bias leads.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for forming various patterns such as a metal or metal compound pattern, in which the amounts of the materials constituting the pattern which are removed during the formation step can be suppressed to the minimum. The method comprises a resin pattern forming step of forming on the surface of a substrate a resin pattern capable of absorbing a solution containing metal components, an absorbing step of dipping the resin pattern in the solution containing metal components to make the resin pattern absorb the solution containing metal components, a washing step of washing the substrate having formed thereon the resin pattern that has absorbed the solution containing metal components, and a burning step of burning the resin pattern after washing.

Abstract: Methods for synthesizing luminescent nanoparticles and nanoparticles prepared by such methods are provided. The nanoparticles are prepared by a method in which an additive is included in the reaction mixture. The additive may be a Group 2 element, a Group 12 element, a Group 13 element, a Group 14 element, a Group 15 element, or a Group 16 element. In additions, a luminescent nanoparticle is provided that comprises a semiconductive core surrounded by an inorganic shell, an interfacial region and an additive present in the interfacial region or both the interfacial region and the shell.

Abstract: I provide a method of coating zinc or zinc plated article with a non-hexavalent chromium oxide protective coating by coating a cleaned zinc or zinc plated article with a permanganate composition having a PH of about 2.0 to about 9.

Abstract: Electrochemical cell on the basis of electrode-supported thin electrolyte comprising an anodic support (1) consisting of a nickel/zirconia material and an electrolyte layer (3) disposed comprising zirconia thereon and a cathode layer (6) which is in turn disposed thereon. To improve the quality of the cell and to increase the output it is proposed to arrange an auxiliary or intermediate layer (2) between the electrolyte layer and the anodic support. This auxiliary layer consists of nickel and zirconia particles which are substantially smaller than the particles of the support. Then an electrolyte layer (10) and, on the other side of the anodic support, a current collector layer are applied. None of these layers are sintered. Only after an assembly obtained in this manner has been obtained is a sintering treatment carried out.

Abstract: A process for producing a honeycomb structure, comprising the steps of: providing a substrate having cell walls in a honeycomb form and comprising SiO2, Al2O3 and MgO as the main chemical components, applying to said substrate a mixture of a component for lowering the cordierite crystal phase crystallization temperature of said substrate with a liquid medium, and firing said substrate with said mixture applied to form a honeycomb structure comprising a crystalline cordierite phase, said crystalline cordierite phase comprising 42-56% by mass of SiO2 30-42% by mass of Al2O3 and 12-18% by mass of MgO as the main chemical components.

Abstract: A hydrophilic coating can be optionally corrosion resistant and/or microbial resistant for a substrate such as a heat exchanger. The coating is provided by a zeolite layer that can be formed from a synthesis solution comprising a structure directing agent, a base, a silicon source, an aluminum source, and a solvent. In one preferred embodiment, the synthesis solution comprises tetrapropylammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, aluminum oxide, tetraethylorthosilicate, and water. The layer is characterized by a zeolite MFI structure and by a composition having the formula of Mn/m[AlnSi(96−n)O192], or [AlnSi(96−n)O192]·4[(CH3CH2CH2)4N—OH] wherein M is a metal ion of valence m+ (e.g., Na+) and 27>n>=0. After formation of the coating, the organic structure directing agent can be left intact inside the zeolite coating to make the coating corrosion resistant.

Abstract: A turbine engine component includes a substrate and a wear coating on the substrate. The wear coating includes wear-resistant particles in a matrix phase, the wear-resistant particles being formed of chrome carbide or a cobalt alloy. Methods for forming a turbine engine component are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent conductive layered structure having a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer and transparent coating layer formed in succession on this substrate, used in, for instance, the front panel of CRT, etc., display devices. The main components of said transparent conductive layer are noble metal microparticles with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, wherein the microparticles are made from gold and/or platinum and silver and the gold and/or platinum content is within a range exceeding 50 wt % up to 95 wt %, and a binder matrix.

Abstract: A method for protecting and lubricating threaded connections is disclosed. The method uses an adhered anti-seize metallic film in conjunction with an environmentally friendly lubricant. The method includes the steps of: adhering to the threads, prior to make-up, then coating the protected threads with the environmentally friendly lubricating composition.

Abstract: There are disclosed a coating agent for preventing a fixing of a weld spatter, which comprises a coating material and a solvent for dispersing therein the coating material, wherein the coating material is graphite, a part coated with the above coating agent on at least a portion of the part to which a weld spatter spatters, to prevent the weld spatter from being fixed thereonto and a method for preventing fixing of weld spatters comprising coating the above coating agent onto at least a portion of a part to which a weld spatter spatters of a screw for welding, and drying the same.

Abstract: A method and container for reducing fuming of asphalt in a heated vessel, including placing asphalt in a heated vessel to heat the asphalt to a molten state, adding a blanket material to the asphalt, the blanket material being substantially insoluble in the molten asphalt to form a skim thereon to reduce fuming therefrom.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preventing a material from adhering to a surface. In a preferred embodiment, the material comprises weld spatter and the surface is located near a welding operation. The method comprises coating the surface with a slurry comprising a mineral material in water. The slurry contains from 10% to 70% solids by weight and not more than 5% by weight of a material that decomposes when heated to 1000° F. for one minute. The slurry is allowed to dry to form a barrier coating before the material contacts the surface.

Abstract: An automated system for dip coating a superconducting material on a substrate is disclosed. The system includes an actuator, a pick up station, a dip coating station that comprises a reservoir of a dip coating formulation, a drying station that includes a source of heated air and a conveyor for moving the actuator from the pick up station to the dip coating station and from the dip coating station to the drying station. The actuator includes an arm for carrying a substrate. The arm is capable of being moved vertically downward to submerse the substrate in the dip coating reservoir and the arm is also capable of being moved vertically upward to lift the substrate out of the dip coating reservoir. A method for automatically dip coating a substrate with a superconducting material is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transparent conductive layered structure having a transparent substrate and a transparent conductive layer and transparent coating layer formed in succession on this substrate, used in, for instance, the front panel of CRT, etc., display devices. The main components of said transparent conductive layer are noble metal microparticles with a mean particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm, wherein the microparticles are made from gold and/or platinum and silver and the gold and/or platinum content is within a range exceeding 50 wt % up to 95 wt %, and a binder matrix.

Abstract: A method for creating a long superconducting wire and tape materials that can be loaded with high current densities using MgB2. The method is based on the powder-in-the-tube technology. In this process, there is a composite consisting of a cover tube made of material with normal conductivity, and a powder of a superconducting compound or a preliminary product. This powder compound contained in this cover tube, are processed by reshaping and thermal treatment steps to the superconducting wire or tape material. According to the invention, a composite is supplied to the processing process that contains a powdery superconducting MgB2 compound or a powdery preliminary product for a superconducting MgB2 compound. The powdery preliminary product, has been only partially reacted to an MgB compound, or is a powder mixture consisting of the individual components of the desired MgB2 compound. This product is filled into the cover tube.

Abstract: A solid electrolytic body is dipped into a slurry stored in a dipping tank, while the slurry is forcibly circulated between the dipping tank and a viscosity adjusting tank by a circulating pump. A slurry film is formed on a predetermined portion of the solid electrolytic body through this dipping treatment. Then, the slurry film is changed into a porous layer through a sintering treatment.