Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of manufacturing decorative board meeting exceptionally high standard concerning abrasion resistance, scratch resistance and impact resistance and which for this pruposes is varnished, electron-beam cured to 60-9.5%, is subjected to a pressing treatment and finally it is electron-beam cured to 100% to provide the disired abrasion resistance, gloss, and surface finish.

Abstract: A thin film-forming method according to the present invention is characterized by comprising the steps of introducing TiCl.sub.4, hydrogen, nitrogen and NF.sub.3 into a film-forming chamber containing a semiconductor substrate (1) having a groove made in its surface, after the chamber has been evacuated to 10.sup.-4 Torr or less; and converting these gases into plasma, thereby forming a thin TiN film on only that portion of the groove which is other than the wall surfaces of the groove.

Abstract: In forming a thin film pattern, first a seed material film is formed on a substrate and then exposed using electron beam lithography, for example, in the shape of the pattern. The latent image is then removed and an oriented material is deposited on one of the seed material and the substrtate, which have different hydrophilicity properties, to form the pattern. The oriented film is formed by an LB film forming method, in one example, and in another example the LB film material is a cresol novolak resin having a proportion of p-cresol novolak to m-cresol novolak of at least 20%.

Abstract: A method in which a thin layer of semiconducting, insulating, or metallic material is transferred by ablation from a source substrate, coated uniformly with a thin layer of said material, to a target substrate, where said material is desired, with a pulsed, high intensity, patternable beam of energy. The use of a patternable beam allows area-selective ablation from the source substrate resulting in additive deposition of the material onto the target substrate which may require a very low percentage of the area to be covered. Since material is placed only where it is required, material waste can be minimized by reusing the source substrate for depositions on multiple target substrates. Due to the use of a pulsed, high intensity energy source the target substrate remains at low temperature during the process, and thus low-temperature, low cost transparent glass or plastic can be used as the target substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for capturing coating debris during laser ablation of a photoreceptor comprising: (a) enclosing a predetermined length of a coated substrate in a housing to result in an enclosed coated substrate portion, wherein there exists a gap between the enclosed substrate portion and the housing in communication with air outside the housing; (b) directing high energy radiation at the coating of the enclosed substrate portion; (c) directing a first fluid stream against the coating of the enclosed substrate portion to remove at least part of the coating in the form of coating debris during or subsequent to (b), whereby the first fluid stream may move a portion of the coating debris outside the housing in the absence of (d); (d) directing a second fluid stream against the first fluid stream in a direction effective for keeping the coating debris inside the housing, thereby minimizing movement of the coating debris into the air outside the housing; and (e) exhausting the coating debris.

Abstract: New and improved structures in tools subject to wear and attrition when engaging or engaged by work or material being worked on thereby. Synthetic diamond material is formed in situ on a select portion or portions of the surface of a hard substrate or tool support to define or cover the portion of the tool substrate adjacent the work operated on by the tool in a manner to provide a hard wear resistant work engaging surface or surfaces which offers substantially greater resistance to abrasion and frictional deterioration than the material of the substrate or tool base. In one form, the synthetic diamond material is formed on and welded to the surface of the substrate in a single operation involving the application of intense radiant energy beamed against particles of carbon which are converted to a solid synthetic diamond structure of defined shape directly against the solid substrate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for capturing coating debris during laser ablation of a photoreceptor comprising: (a) enclosing a predetermined length of a coated substrate in a housing to result in an enclosed coated substrate portion, wherein there exists a gap between the enclosed substrate portion and the housing in communication with air outside the housing; (b) directing high energy radiation at the coating of the enclosed substrate portion; (c) directing a first fluid stream against the coating of the enclosed substrate portion to remove at least part of the coating in the form of coating debris during or subsequent to (b), whereby the first fluid stream may move a portion of the coating debris outside the housing in the absence of (d); (d) directing an annularly-shaped second fluid stream against the first fluid stream in a direction effective for keeping the coating debris inside the housing, thereby minimizing movement of the coating debris into the air outside the housing; and (e) exhausting t

Abstract: Electrification is suppressed with a water-soluble electrification-suppressing film having an electron conductivity and comprising a polymer resin. A high electrification-suppressing effect which is also high in vacuum can be easily obtained by using the electrification-suppressing film with less contamination.

Abstract: A system and method for the printing of substrates for use in food packaging and, more particularly, a flexographic printing system and method for applying and curing radiation cured inks to a flexible, heat shrinking web employing a combination of UV radiation and EB radiation.

Abstract: A multi-layer wiring board where a plurality of wiring boards are laminated. The wiring board comprises a flexible insulating layer having a through hole and a wiring pattern formed on the flexible insulating layer. The wiring pattern is composed at least of two conductive layers. The first conductive layer formed on the insulating layer is made of a non-metallic conductor and the first wiring pattern is formed by a laser beam. The second conductive layer is an electroplated layer formed on the first wiring pattern. The first and second conductive layers have different reflectance for a beam.

Abstract: The process of using electron beam induced stimulated desorption chemistry to produce structures of nanometer order size on surfaces. By passivating a reconstructed surface and selectively removing such passivation with an electron beam through the electron stimulated desorption effect, the adsorption of other atoms and/or molecules is controlled at predetermined regions and/or lines on the surface.

Abstract: Color filter arrays containing one or more colors for liquid crystal displays and other optoelectronic devices are made by using a laser to ablate portions of a coating on either a colored or transparent substrate. Color filter materials are placed into the ablated openings and cured. The number of laser ablated openings in the coated substrate varies, depending on the quantity and types of colors desired.

Abstract: A coating composition which includes an ionizing radiation-polymerizable oligomer, an ionizing radiation-polymerizable monomer and a releasing agent. The composition has a viscosity regulated to 1000 cps or less, can be rapidly and continuously produced and has excellent surface characteristics. A process for forming a decorative material using the coating composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method of forming solder stops on a thick film, comprising a conductive metal and an inorganic oxide, including the step of directing a laser beam onto the film to form a surface consisting essentially of fused inorganic oxides which acts as a solder stop.

Abstract: A thin film mask for use in an X-ray lithographic process is disclosed herein along with a method of making the mask which is comprised of a diamond thin film layer supported on one surface of an X-ray transparent non-diamond substrate, for example silicon. A predetermined pattern of ions of a substance opaque to X-rays, for example a heavy atomic number substance such as gold, tungsten or cesium, is introduced into the diamond thin film layer as opposed to being deposited thereon. In one embodiment disclosed herein, this is accomplished by means of ion implantation, and in a second embodiment by means of an ion beam direct write device.

Abstract: A process for the production of microstructure elements having structure depths of from several .mu.m into the mm range by imagewise irradiation of polymers with X-rays and removal of the areas of the polymers which have been irradiated imagewise, comprises applying the polymers, before the imagewise irradiation, to an electroconductive substrate in a layer thickness of from several .mu.m into the mm range by melting under pressure, thus firmly anchoring the polymers.The process according to the invention is particularly suitable for the production of microstructure elements having structure depths of from 3 to 2000 .mu.m and lateral dimensions of less than 10 .mu.m.

Abstract: A method for patterning precursor film, a product thereof, a method for preparing a patterned ceramic film and a processing workpiece. The method for patterning precursor film includes the steps of depositing a blocking layer over the precursor film, patterning the overlaid blocking layer to uncover portions of the precursor film, irradiating the patterned blocking layer and uncovered portions of the precursor film with a beam sufficiently energetic to radiation modify the full thickness of unmasked portions of the precursor film and insufficiently energetic to radiation modify portions of the precursor film covered by the blocking layer, and developing the precursor film. The blocking layer has a lesser thickness than the precursor film, but is sufficiently thick to block an irradiating beam having the minimal energy necessary to radiation modify the full thickness of the precursor layer.

Abstract: Electrification is suppressed with a water-soluble electrification-suppressing film having an electron conductivity and comprising a polymer resin. A high electrification-suppressing effect which is also high in vacuum can be easily obtained by using the electrification-suppressing film with less contamination.

Abstract: The second pole layer P2 of a thin film transducer structure is fabricated by using two levels of photoresist to define the pattern of the P2 pole layer. The first photoresist layer is deposited as a thin film and is used to focus an optical projection device that projects the mask pattern onto the photoresist. After etching and curing of the first photoresist, which is disposed above a portion of the first pole piece at the apex of the transducer, a second photoresist layer is deposited over the first photoresist layer and above the insulation deposited over the electrical coil structure. The second photoresist layer is relatively thick and serves to define the frame for printing the P2 pole piece pattern a second time. The data track width defined by the P2 pole piece is more uniform as a result of the improved definition of the frame used for registering the P2 pattern.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of producing an X-ray rotary anode having a focal track region composed of refractory metals. The focal track region is manufactured by means of powder-metallurgy methods or by means of CVD or PVD methods. According to the invention, the focal track region is posttreated using high-energy electrons or photons by means of local, superficial melting to a depth of less than 1.5 mm. This reduces, in particular, the residual porosity in the focal track region. That results in improved mechanical properties, higher X-ray yield and markedly improved service life of such rotary anodes.

Abstract: A method for forming an insulating layer in an oxide high-temperature superconductor is described. The oxide high-temperature superconductor is exposed to radiation, whereby an interface showing superconducting characteristics and/or a weak link that is present at an interface in the said oxide high-temperature superconductor is transformed to a thin insulating layer.

Abstract: A process for forming layers on a substrate including irradiating at least part of an aluminum nitride surface with a high power ultraviolet emitter resulting in the elimination of the nitride component to form an aluminum layer. The aluminum layer is then reinforced by a metal.

Abstract: This invention relates to a zinc plated steel plate, at least one side surface of which is substantially free from oxides and coated with an anti-rust film, and a can produced from said zinc plated steel plate having an interlocking seam joint bonded by soldering techniques.