Abstract: Disclosed is a composition for metallizing a ceramic surface which consists essentially of 10.0 to 32.5% by weight of Mn, 45.0 to 67.5% by weight of W, up to 5.0% by weight of at least one member selected from Ti and Zr, and Ag and Ni in a total amount of 15.0 to 35.0% by weight, the amount of Ni being 5.0 to 20.0% by weight of the total amount of Ni and Ag. This composition is applied to the surface of a ceramic body in the form of a metal paste or metal powder and heat-fusion-bonded to the ceramic surface, or the composition is applied to the surface of a ceramic body by the gas-phase deposition method.

Abstract: Disclosed are coated metal articles having protective coatings which are applied to substrate metals by coating the metal surface, e.g. by dipping the substrate metal in a molten alloy of the coating metals, and then exposing the coating at an elevated temperature to an atmosphere containing a reactive gaseous species which forms an oxide, a nitride, a carbide, a boride or a silicide. The coating material is a mixture of the metals M.sub.1 and M.sub.2, M.sub.1 being zirconium and/or titanium, which forms a stable oxide, nitride, carbide, boride or silicide under the prevailing conditions. The metal M.sub.2 does not form a stable oxide, nitride, carbide, boride or silicide. M.sub.2 serves to bond the oxide, etc. of M.sub.1 to the substrate metal. Mixtures of M.sub.1 and/or M.sub.2 metals may be employed. Eutectic alloys of M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 which melt substantially lower than the melting point of the substrate metal are preferred.

Abstract: A body, like a rocker arm, is disclosed which comprises a base body fabricated of a Ni-Cr-Mo type steel which contains less than 8 wt % Cr; and a ceramic tip soldered to a given portion of the base body. The soldering is so made as to increase the hardness of the base body.

Abstract: Process for the powder-metallurgical production of work pieces, particularly tools, containing high-melting point carbides and/or carbonitrides homogeneously distributed in a matrix, in which an amount of elements of the IVa and Va groups, or secondary groups, of the periodic table is adjusted to at least 3 weight percent of the alloy, a low carbon and/or nitrogen concentration is established, and primary precipitates are prevented; and a desired carbon and/or nitrogen content is created by atomization of the melt into powder vaporizing medium.

Abstract: A TiAl composition is prepared to have high strength, high oxidation resistance and to have acceptable ductility by altering the atomic ratio of the titanium and aluminum to have what has been found to be a highly desirable effective aluminum concentration by addition of chromium and tantalum according to the approximate formula Ti.sub.50-44 Al.sub.46-50 Cr.sub.2 Ta.sub.2-4.

Abstract: The method for producing the disclosed material comprises chemical vapor depositing on the substrate a substantially columnar, intermediate layer of tungsten and chemical vapor depositing on the intermediate layer a non-columnar, substantially lamellar outer layer of a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide comprises W.sub.2 C, W.sub.3 C, or a mixture of both wherein the ratio of the thickness of the tungsten intermediate layer to the thickness of the outer layer is at least: (a) 0.35 in the case of tungsten plus W.sub.2 C in the outer layer, (b) 0.6 in the case of a mixture of tungsten and W.sub.3 C in the outer layer and (c) 0.35 in the case of mixtures of tungsten and W.sub.2 C and W.sub.3 C in the outer layer. The chemical vapor deposition steps are carried out at pressures within the range of 1 Torr to 1,000 Torr and temperatures within the range of about 300.degree. to about 650.degree. C.

Abstract: A ceramics-metal joined body which excels in high temperature characteristics and joint strength is formed by metallizing the surface of ceramics such as oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, and composites thereof, and joining a metallic member through a solder to the metallized surface.

Abstract: An improved ornamental member including at least two types of Cr or Ti hard films of different color tones disposed by ion plating on a substrate is prepared. The laminate includes a combination of Cr and Ti hard films including a stainless steel colored Cr hard film layer containng Cr, N and C as the main constituents, a gold colored Ti hard film having Ti and N as the main constitutents, a dark grey Ti hard film having Ti, N and C as the main constituents, a blue Ti hard film having Ti and O as the main constituents and a brown Ti hard film having Ti, O and C as the main constituents. The thickness of a single year of hard film is between about 0.2 and 1.5 .mu.m and the total film thickness at the laminated portion is less than about 3 .mu.m. Preferably, each hard film layer is between about 0.2 and 0.8 .mu.m.

Abstract: The invention discloses a coated substrate product comprised of a titanium of titanium alloy substrate, at least one thin interlayer composed of a non-reactive noble metal and a hard outer coating selected from the group comprised of a ceramic, a hard metal, a hard metal compound and a diamond-like carbon, wherein at least the non-reactive noble metal interlayer which is immediately adjacent to the titanium or titanium alloy substrate is deposited onto the substrate by means of an electroless plating procedure, and the hard outer coating is deposited onto the non-reactive interlayer(s) by means of known chemical and physical vapor deposition techniques. The invention also discloses a method for making these coated substrate products.

Abstract: Two different members, such as a silicon nitride member and a carbide alloy member or a metal member, is attached with a joining member interposed therebetween and is heated at a preselected temperature higher than approximately 1,000.degree. C. under a vacuum or in a reducing atmosphere to be joined together as an integral member. The joining member in the form of a thin layer is made up of a material consisting of a gold-copper (Au-Cu) alloy and titanium (Ti) having a content of 1 to 30, desirably 10 to 30, weight percent of the joining layer.

Abstract: An abrasive is provided having an active phase comprising a sintered product comprising diamond grains, each grain being linked directly to its neighbors by bridging to exhibit a polycrystalline structure, and a support consisting essentially of tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide support comprises a chromium binder phase including 6 to 15% of carbide. The relative proportions by weight of nickel and chromium of the binder phase vary from 60 to 90% to 40 to 100%, respectively. The abrasive is made by placing a layer of diamond grains into a cupel, covering this layer with a tungsten carbide layer including a nickel-chromium mixture to provide the support, subjecting the stack thus produced to a temperature and a pressure sufficient to cause sintering in the plastic phase of the diamond grains and to assure the binding of the compact thus obtained on the support. Drilling and machine tools can be equipped with the abrasive product of the invention.

Abstract: Joined ceramic and metal is characterized by ceramic and metal thermally joined through an intermediate layer. The intermediate layer is composed of 20-70% by weight of silver, 1-20% by weight of palladium, 10-60% by weight of nickel and 1-10% by weight of titanium. The joined ceramic and metal has sufficient joining strength both at normal temperature and at high temperature, because the joined ceramic and metal suffers little deterioration even at high temperature. Since the joined ceramic and metal has the characteristics of ceramic such as resistance to heat, corrosion and wear, it can be used for a structure operated at high temperature such as a gas turbine engine, a turbo charger rotor, a piston, a suction valve, and an exhaust valve.

Abstract: A microstructurally toughened ceramic-particle-reinforced metal-matrix composite article is disclosed. The article includes discrete regions of ceramic-particulate-reinforced metal matrix which enclosed within and separated from each other by a network of unreinforced metal. The article exhibits high tensile strength, high elastic modulus and high impact resistance.

Abstract: A coated substrate in which the coating includes abrasion-resistant particles protruding from the hardened surface of a metal matrix and is bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: A direct (metal-metal compound eutectic) bond process is improved by disposing a eutectic/substrate-wetting enhancement layer on the substrate prior to performing the direct bond process to bond a metal foil to the substrate. Where the metal is copper, the direct bond process is rendered more effective than prior art direct bond processes on alumina and beryllia and makes the direct bond process effective on tungsten, molybdenum and aluminum nitride, all of which were unusable with the prior art direct bond copper process. A variety of new, useful structures may be produced using this process. The eutectic/substrate-wetting enhancement layer is preferably a noble-like metal or includes a noble-like metal such as platinum, palladium and gold.

Abstract: Butt joints between materials having different coefficients of thermal expansion are prepared having a reduced probability of failure of stress facture. This is accomplished by narrowing/tapering the material having the lower coefficient of thermal expansion in a direction away from the joint interface and not joining the narrow-tapered surface to the material having the higher coefficient of thermal expansion.

Abstract: The invention provides a heat reflecting glass plate with a multilayer coating on a transparent glass plate. The multilayer coating comprises a film of indium-tin oxide (ITO) of Al=N deposited on the glass surface, a heat reflective film of Ag or Cu deposited on the ITO or AlN film to a thickness of 40-200 .ANG., a metal Zn film deposited on the Ag or Cu film to a thickness of 20-200 .ANG. and an ITO or AlN film as the outermost layer. The multilayer coating may further comprise at least one set of the Ag or Cu film, metal Zn film and ITO or AlN film such that each Ag or Cu film overlies an ITO or AlN film and is overlaid with a metal Zn film and that the outermost layer is an ITO or AlN film. The multilayer coating is excellent in the fundamental characteristics as a heat reflecting and transparent coating and also in moisture resistance.

Abstract: An article of manufacture, for example a conductor for an electrical wire or cable, is provided with a refractory coating preferably formed from a refractory metal or semi-metal oxide or nitride and preferably deposited on the surface of the article by a vacuum deposition process such as a sputter ion plating method. Adhesion of the refractory coating, especially at high temperatures may be improved, and migration of the substrate metal through the coating may be suppressed by varying the stoichiometry of the coating through its thickness and/or by the provision of a metallic or refractory intermediate layer. The articles are particularly suitable for use in circuit and signal integrity cables.The vacuum deposited refractory layer may constitute the sole refractory, or additional refractory layers may be deposited by other methods e.g. a sol-gel method.

Abstract: A ceramic and metal bonded composite comprising an intermediate metal plate interposed between a ceramic member and a metal member and brazed thereto, the intermediate metal plates carries on its juncture surface a central square projection having substantial area, pins arranged near the four corners and fins between the corners, the central square projection mechanically and thermally couples the ceramic member and the metal member together with the brazing layer and the pins and fins also mechanically and thermally couple the both members together with the brazing layer, while permitting relative displacement between the both members through their plastic deformation, thereby preventing crack generation in the ceramic member.

Abstract: A metallization layer structure includes an intermediate layer formed on an aluminum nitride ceramics base. The intermediate layer contains aluminum titanium nitride. A titanium layer is formed on the intermediate layer. A heat-resistant metallic layer is formed on the titanium layer. A metallic layer for facilitating soldering or brazing is formed on the heat-resistant metallic layer.

Abstract: A storage medium comprising a multilayer system with at least one magnetic layer, of magneto-optical storage material, and at least one reflector layer, with an index of refraction n<1, which is at least as thick as one of the magnetic layers. The maximum thickness of each of the magnetic layers is inversely proportional to its absorption coefficient, K. In the magneto-optical multilayer system of the present invention, a large Kerr angle O.sub.K is obtained.

Abstract: A bonding composition comprising a metal oxide melt comprising (a) CaO, (b) SiO.sub.2 and/or Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, and (c) a metal oxide selected from TiO.sub.2, ZrO.sub.2, Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3, HfO.sub.2, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 is melt-bonded on the surface of a ceramic material, and the ceramic material is bonded to an adherent, if necessary through at least one layer selected from a plating layer, a solder layer, and a buffer layer. In this manner, a strong bonding can be very easily obtained.

Abstract: Erosion and abrasion resistant refractory metal carbide articles are provided having multiphase alloy of borides including titanium boride, binder metal boride, and titanium-binder metal-refractory metal borides by diffusion of titanium initially to convert the refractory metal carbide to its constitutents which are then reacted with boron, forming a new added surface in replacement of the original article surface, and bridging the original surface locus.

Abstract: Wear resistant powder sintered alloy of excellent corrosion resistance comprising a hard alloy containing from 15 to 95% of a hard phase composed of a M.sub.3 B.sub.2 phase (M represents Ni or Co, Cr, Mo or W) structure in the matrix, wherein the hard alloy contains, on the weight basis, 0.5-9.0% of B, 14.0-35.0% of Cr, 14.0-50.0% of one or more of Mo and W, up to 3.5% of Si, 0.5-20.0% of one or more of Cu, Ag, Au and Pt and the balance of one or more of Ni and Co and inevitable impurities, and the matrix has a noble corrosion potential.The novel abrasion resistant sintered powdery alloy has excellent corrosion resistance to corrosive gases such as hydrogen, SO.sub.2 and NOx which are often released from molding processes for plastics, rubbers, etc.

Abstract: An improved temperature stable synthetic polycrystalline diamond (PCD) product includes at least one temperature stable PCD integrally and chemically bonded to a matrix carrier support through a carbide forming layer which is of a thickness of at least about 1 micron, the layer on at least one surface of the PCD is in turn bonded to the matrix carrier. A wide variety of shapes, sizes and configurations of such products is achieved through relatively low temperature and relatively low pressure processing. Various products of various geometries are described as well as the details of the processing to achieve chemical bonding of the PCD elements in a variety of support matrix carrier materials to form a unitary structure having a temperature stability up to about 1,200 degrees C.

Abstract: A wear-resistant surface structure having a high resistance to impact and thermal shock, suitable for a wide variety of tools and implements, is prepared by bonding carbide particles together with a substantially pure copper matrix in the absence of oxygen. The carbide-copper surface structure can be bonded to the working surface of a ferrous tool simultaneously with the aforementioned bonding process, or at a later time. Although attachment of the surface structure to a ferrous tool normally requires heating of the tool to a softening temperature, such softening may be corrected by subsequently quenching the combined ferrous tool and carbide-copper surface structure from an austenitizing temperature without cracking the copper matrix. Refractory sheet materials are used to contain the carbide and matrix material during liquefaction of the matrix material during the formation of the surface structure.

Abstract: A magnetic thin film materials system (10, 10') is provided, comprising a thin magnetic film (16) formed on a non-magnetic underlayer (14) formed on a substrate (12). In particular, the magnetic film comprises a composition consisting essentially of CoCrPt, with Cr ranging from about 10 to 20 at %, Pt ranging from about 1 to 20 at % and the balance Co. The underlayer consists essentially of chromium. The magnetic layer ranges in thickness from about 200 to 1,200 .ANG., while the non-magnetic underlayer ranges in thickness from about 500 to 5,000 .ANG.. The platinum control film coercivity, while chromium provides corrosion resistance. In addition, chromium controls the recorded magnetic transition noise properties. An increase in Cr content in these alloys beyond about 10 at % increases the corrosion resistance and unexpectedly lowers the transition noise significantly. Coercivities of from about 500 to greater than 2,000 Oe and magnetization-thickness products from 1 to 6.times.10.sup.-3 emu/cm.sup.

Abstract: A color-bearing textile product which comprises fibers, a silver-gray metal layer formed on the surface of said fibers by sputtering, and a metal layer or metal compound layer of chromatic color formed on the surface of said metal layer by sputtering. The silver-gray metal layer is, for example, formed of titanium. The metal layer or metal compound layer of chromatic color is, for example, formed of gold, silver, copper, brass, or titanium nitride.

Abstract: An improved highly erosive and abrasive wear resistant multi-layered coating system on a substrate which provides protection against impact of large particles is disclosed comprising a plurality of composite layers. In each of the composite layers, the first layer closest to the substrate comprises tungsten of sufficient thickness to confer substantial erosion and abrasion wear resistance characteristics to the coating system and a second layer deposited on the first layer comprises a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide and the tungsten carbide comprises W.sub.2 C, W.sub.3 C, or a mixture of both. Because the resulting coating system has enhanced high cycle fatigue strength over the substrate, the coating system is especially useful on such structures as turbine blades and similar articles of manufacture where such high stress cycles occur during normal operation. Also dislcosed is the method for preparing such improved composite coating systems.

Abstract: A process for forming a carburized steel article includes carburizing a steel material containing not more than 0.10% silicon and less than 1.1% chromium to form an austenitic surface matrix having a high density of carbides dispersed therein. After quenching, the carburized steel article is characterized by an outer surface having a high ratio of carbides and is substantially free of intergranular oxides. As a result of preventing undesirable surface oxide formations and simultaneously providing a beneficial surface carbide structure, the bending fatigue strength, wear properties, and contact fatigue strength of articles such as gears, shafts, bearings and couplings are greatly enhanced.

Abstract: A magnetic field shield including a superconductive film characterized in that the magnetic field shield comprises a superconductive film layer constituted primarily of a mixed crystalline body of niobium nitride and titanium nitride laminated on a metal substrate, that the magnetic field further comprises a nobium-titanium alloy layer or a metal film layer in the above lamination, that the magnetic field comprises a plurality of the above-mentioned layers, and that the magnetic field has a plurality of small holes passing through the layers in the direction of the thickness. The magnetic field shield of the present invention produces an excellent magnetic field shielding effect due to a superconductive characteristic peculiar to the superconductive film layer constituted primarily by a mixed crystalline body of niobium nitride and titanium nitride. The cooling effect of the metal substrate maintains the magnetic field shielding effect at a high level.

Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor device having a metal-silicon alloy wiring layer and a structure wherein a metal compound, having a larger free energy decrease caused by compound formation, than a free energy decrease caused by the metal-silicon alloy formation, is precipitated. A method of fabricating the semiconductor device having the above microstructure is also disclosed. In the semiconductor device, the grain boundaries are micronized by precipitation of a metal compound, thus the mechanical strength can be improved, and the circuit reliability can also be improved. Further, an increase in resistance can be suppressed by precipitation of the metal compound.

Abstract: Extremely hard, fine grained tungsten/carbon alloys are described which are produced by thermochemical deposition. The alloys consist primarily of a mixture of a substantially pure tungsten phase and at least one carbide phase wherein the carbide phase consists of W.sub.2 C or W.sub.3 C or a mixture of W.sub.2 C and W.sub.3 C. The disclosed tungsten/carbon alloys are free of columnar grains and consist essentially of extremely fine, equiaxial crystals. Also disclosed is a method of producing the disclosed material.

Abstract: A cutting element of flat shape suitable for use as a drill tip comprises a central abrading blade containing more than 80% vol. CBN sandwiched between two lateral support layers. The lateral layers consist of a refractory metal or alloy selected from the group consisiting of tungsten, titanium and alloys thereof. The compact may particularly have a roof or pentagonal shape. An intermediate transition film may be located between the refractory metal or alloy and the CBN blade.

Abstract: Coated gas turbine engine hardware is described. The hardware comprises a titanium alloy substrate having a coating thereon consisting essentially of titanium nitride wherein the ratio of nitrogen to titanium is greater than one. Such coatings have a residual compressive stress state which aids in minimizing the fatigue debit which would otherwise result from the use of a hard coating on a titanium substrate. Coatings are applied by the use of a vacuum arc deposition process.

Abstract: An erosion and corrosion resistant coating is formed of a plurality of alternating layers of metallic and ceramic materials. The two materials selected for the layers have complementary wear resistant characteristics, such that one is relatively ductile and the other is relatively brittle. The concentration of the two materials at the interface between adjacent layers is graded to improve the adhesion of the layers and to provide a more unified coating. Prefereably radio-frequency sputtering is employed to deposit the coating, since it does not produce excessive heating which could negate any prior heat treatment of the substrate onto which the coating is deposited.

Abstract: Magnetic Fe alloy films in which at least nitrogen is compositionally modulated along the thickness of the film substantially in the form of a sine wave. By the compositional modulation, the Fe alloy film having high saturation magnetization is imparted with good resistances to corrosion and wear. The method of making a compositionally modulated Fe alloy film is described. The compositional modulation may be realized by merely superposing at least one nitrided layer and at least one nitride-free layer. The thermal treatment of the superposed layers is effective for the modulation where the content of the nitrogen in the film is compositionally modulated.

Abstract: A transparent article for reflecting solar energy comprising a metal oxide film which exhibits color by absorption and interference effects and a highly reflective metal film is disclosed along with a sputtering method for its production.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to polycrystalline titanium nitride and zirconium nitride coating compositions and coated articles with a I(111)/I(200) x-ray diffraction intensity ratio of at least about 75 for the titanium nitride composition and at least about 15 for the zirconium nitride composition and to a method of forming a highly oriented polycrystalline titanium nitride or zirconium nitride coating composition with a high I(111)/I(200) x-ray diffraction intensity ratio. This invention also concerns polycrystalline titanium nitride and zirconium nitride coating compositions and coated articles of the type described with an interplanar spacing, d.sub.111, of 2.460 Angstroms or less for TiN and an interplanar spacing, d.sub.111, of 2.660 Angstroms or less for ZrN and to methods for producing same. The composition is deposited upon a substrate in an evacuated chamber from a titanium or zirconium cathode source surrounded by an elongated member which overhangs the cathode to form a cathode chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of multi-layered wear-resistant CVD- or PVD-coatings applied to hardmetal parts containing WC-Co or WC-Ni, where at least one of the layers is a metal-boronitride layer. According to the invention, the boron concentration in the metal-boronitride layer is maintained below the critical level above which in addition a homogeneous boronitride mixed crystal phase a further phase, particularly a diboride phase is formed. A non-boronic, or only slightly boronic, intermediate layer is employed as a diffusion barrier between the hardmetal and the metal-boronitride layer to limit or prevent the formation of brittle tungsten cobalt boron or tungsten nickel boron phases on the external surface of the hardmetal. The metallic boronitride layer can be applied either as a single layer or in multiple layers alternating with other mechanically resistant layers. The hardmetal part is particularly a cutting insert for machining.

Abstract: A member for a semiconductor apparatus for carrying or holding a semiconductor device, obtained by joining an aluminum nitride substrate and a radiating substrate, comprises an insulating member formed by an aluminum nitride sintered body to be provided thereon with the semiconductor device, a radiating member to be joined to the insulating member, which radiating member is mainly formed of a copper-tungsten alloy or a copper-molybdenum alloy, a stress relieving member interposed between the insulating member and the radiating member and a silver solder member for joining the insulating member, the stress relieving member and the radiating member with each other.

Abstract: A composite material suitable for providing insulation for the nozzle structure of the Space Shuttle and other similar surfaces is disclosed which comprises an outer skin layer of nickel chromium and an interleaved inner region comprising a top layer of nickel chromium foil which acts as a primary convective shield, at least two layers of alumina batting adjacent to layers of silicon carbide fabric, and an additional layer of nickel chromium foil to be used as a secondary convective shield. The composite is particularly advantageous for use as nozzle insulation because of its ability to withstand high reentry temperatures, its flexibility, oxidation resistance, low conductivity, and light weight.

Abstract: A magnetic optical recording element including a rare earth-transition metal recording layer, a barrier layer and a self-passivating active metal layer.

Abstract: "A coated substrate product is described wherein the outer coating on the substrate is comprised of a chemically vapor deposited and heat treated mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide. The tungsten carbide phase consists of W.sub.2 C or W.sub.3 C or a mixture of W.sub.2 C and W.sub.3 C. During the heat treating, the coated substrate is heated to the deposition temperature or not substantially above the deposition temperature in a non-reactive atmosphere. The heat treating temperature is sufficient to confer a desired improvement in erosive and abrasive wear resistance in the outer coating but does not result in substantial degradation of the mechanical properties of the substrate or in formation of undesirable inter-metallic layers".

Abstract: A wear-resistant metal member comprises a surface that has a sprayed layer consisting essentially of, by weight, 2 to 10% C, 18 to 60% Cr, 0.3 to 20% V, 25% or less Mo, 25% or less W, 10% or less Nb, 10% or less Ti, 10% or less Zr, 10% or less Hf and the balance being Fe in a proportion of 20% or greater. The sprayed layer has a martensite-phase matrix containing carbide particles, nitride particles or carbonitride particles. In addition, the member of the present invention is produced by the steps of: plasma-spraying the above-described metal in a reduced pressure atmosphere; and quenching the thus-sprayed metal layer from a predetermined temperature to form a materisite phase in that layer. In addition, the sprayed metal layer may be subjected to carburizing, nitriding or carbonitriding to form a carburized, nitrided or carbonitrided layer in the sprayed metal layer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aluminum nitride circuit substrate comprising an aluminum nitride plate and a conductive material bonded to the aluminum nitride plate through a metallized layer formed on the bonding surface of the aluminum nitride plate, the conductive material being of a metallic material which has a thermal expansion coefficient of 2.times.10.sup.-6 to 6.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C.The aluminum nitride circuit substrate according to this invention is free from the generation of crack caused by the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of AlN plate and a conductive material bonded to the AlN plate to improve the reliability of the elements.

Abstract: A coated substrate in which the coating includes abrasion-resistant particles protruding from the hardened surface of a metal matrix and is bonded to the substrate.

Abstract: A method for bonding a cubic boron nitride sintered compact to other cubic boron nitride sintered compact or to a body of shank material is disclosed. The method comprises forming a Ti layer of 0.01-1 .mu.m in thickness over a bonding interface between two cubic boron nitride sintered compacts or between a cubic boron nitride sintered compact and a body of shank material, forming a layer of Ni or Cu over the Ti layer to a thickness of 0.01-5 .mu.n, putting together the two cubic boron nitride sintered compacts or the cubic boron nitride sintered compact and the body of shank material with a 10-1,000 .mu.m foil of Al, Al-Ni alloy or Ag--Cu--In alloy being placed over the boding interface, and heating the cubic boron nitride sintered compact structure to temperatures above the meeting point of the metal foil and not exceeding 750.degree. C. in an inert atmosphere or in a vacuum.

Abstract: A highly erosive and abrasive wear resistant composite coating system is described in which an intermediate layer of substantially pure tungsten is deposited on a substrate. An outer layer is then deposited comprised of a mixture of tungsten and tungsten carbide, with the tungsten carbide consisting of W.sub.2 C, W.sub.3 C or a mixture of both. The thickness of the intermediate layer is sufficient to confer substantial erosive and abrasive wear resistance characteristics on the composite coating system. The ratio of the thickness of the intermediate layer to the thickness of the outer layer is controlled and is at least above 0.30 in the cases of W+W.sub.3 C, W+W.sub.2 C+W.sub.3 C and W+W.sub.2 C coatings.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the formation of amorphous multi-metallic alloy coatings. More specifically, a chemical vapor deposition process is described wherein precursor compounds are induced to decompose upon a substrate under controlled parameters so as to form a coating on the substrate that is a substantially amorphous multi-metallic alloy. Preferred amorphous alloy compositions are also taught that are ideally synthesized by the claimed process.