Abstract: This invention provides a good coating metal capable of achieving permanent protection from crevice corrosion of austenitic stainless steel placed in corrosive environments. The coating metal of this invention is a Ni-base, Co-base or Ni-Co base metal by having incorporated therein a suitable amount of Cr, Mo, Fe, Si B, and other elements.

Abstract: A coated article and method for producing the coated article are described. The article is provided with a coating system which provides protection against hot corrosion at moderate temperatures (1200.degree.-1700.degree. F.). An overlay coating based on a metal selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel or cobalt or mixtures thereof and containing chromium and optionally aluminum, yttrium and/or hafnium is applied to the article to be protected. A silicon rich surface zone is produced at the surface of the overlay coating. Methods including pack cementation and physical vapor deposition are described for producing the coating.

Abstract: A bearing laminate and method of producing the same, wherein a metallic suspension alloy having a tendency to dissociate is thermokinetically applied as a coating to a substrate, such coating in its solid state becoming dissociated. The substrate and the applied coating are mechanically compressed after the application and solidification of the latter. The surface of the substrate which receives the suspension alloy coating is especially prepared, either as a rough surfaced base or else as an aluminum or aluminum alloy surface having a surface activation and grain structure that is produced by a brief heating to a temperature between 450.degree. and the melting point of the aluminum or aluminum alloy, such heating destroying and removing the aluminum oxide.

Abstract: A process, article produced therefrom, and compositions are described for the reception of electroless plating onto a substrate of a non-catalytic metal or non-catalytic alloy. The process comprises contacting the surface of the non-catalytic substrate with a promotor composition containing ions selected from the group of nickel, cobalt, iron, and mixtures thereof and a suitable reducing agent, and thereafter contacting the treated surface with an electroless plating bath comprising hypophosphite for metallic build-up.

Abstract: Brazing of metal parts employing a thin, homogeneous, ductile, filler metal foil is disclosed. The brazing foil, useful for brazing stainless steels, is less than about 0.0025 inch thick and has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 4 atom percent iron, 0 to about 21 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 19 atom percent boron, 0 to about 12 atom percent silicon, 0 to about 22 atom percent phosphorus and the balance nickel and incidental impurities. In addition to containing the foregoing elements within the above-noted composition ranges, the composition must be such that the total of iron, chromium and nickel ranges from about 76 to 84 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and phosphorus ranges from about 16 to 24 atom percent. The ductile foil permits fabrication of preforms of complex shapes which do not require binders and/or fluxes necessary for brazing powders presently used to braze stainless steels and nickel base alloys.

Abstract: A continuous film having a solar selective coating on one surface and adhesive on the opposite surface is produced by a coil type process. The film may be cut to size and shape for application to solar collectors.

Abstract: A sheath heater having a heating wire embedded in a ceramic insulator such that the thermal deformation of the heating wire is substantially prevented, wherein the heating wire is formed of a nichrome-based wire having an Al-rich surface layer so as to permit forming an oxidation-protective alumina layer on the surface of the nichrome-based wire.

Abstract: A protectively coated superalloy has improved oxidation, corrosion, and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. The protective coating is a MCrAlY type alloy having a carbon content of 0.6 to 11 percent and is characterized in a preferred embodiment by having a carbon bearing matrix containing metal carbides of 1-2 microns mean size and chromium carbides of less than 12 microns. The coating is preferredly produced by plasma spraying and heat treatment.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a thermal barrier coating system for protecting metal surfaces at high temperature in normally corrosive environments.The thermal barrier coating system includes a metal alloy bond coating, the alloy containing nickel, cobalt, iron, or a combination of these metals. The system further includes a corrosion resistant thermal barrier oxide coating containing at least one alkaline earth silicate.The preferred oxides are calcium silicate, barium silicate, magnesium silicate, or combinations of these silicates.

Abstract: Adherent, thermal shock-resistant protective coatings for nickel base super alloys are obtained by applying to the base metal a thin bond coat of an alloy of chromium aluminum and yttrium with materials selected from the group consisting of iron, cobalt, nickel and nickel-cobalt and applying thereover a continuously graded mixture of this material with a zirconia-based ceramic, the concentration of zirconia-based ceramic increasing from the bond coat to the outer layer. The zirconia ceramic may be stabilized by the addition thereto of amounts of magnesium oxide or other materials.

Abstract: Roughening effect of low-temperature diffusion aluminizing of age-hardenable stainless steels, is offset by applying a nickel or cobalt plating not over 0.1 mil thick before the aluminizing.

Abstract: An article of manufacture having improved high temperature oxidation and corrosion resistance comprising: (a) a superalloy substrate containing a carbide reinforcing phase, and (b) a coating consisting of chromium, aluminum, carbon, at least one element selected from iron, cobalt or nickel, and optionally an element selected from yttrium or the rare earth elements.

Abstract: Process of improving a sprayed layer on a bearing or tool component subjected to relatively high stresses, characterized in that the layer is remelted by a heat-source in a vacuum chamber, the heating being arranged such that only the layer itself is remelted.

Abstract: A fushion welded surfacing process for use with crack prone substrates is described. The process involves the application of an intermediate layer of crack resistant alloy by fusion welding followed by the application of the desired final surfacing alloy by fusion welding. The intermediate layer is an age hardenable nickel superalloy to which intentional additions of manganese have been made. The final surfacing alloy may be of the hardfacing type or may be of a type which imparts corrosion and oxidation resistance to the underlying article.

Abstract: The adhesion of an elastomer such as rubber to a metal surface is improved by coating the metal surface first with an alloy containing cobalt and copper, applying the elastomer to the coated metal surface and vulcanizing the elastomer.

Abstract: Novel bi-metallic filamentary composites are produced by first forming a conjugate precursor filament comprised of an organic polymer together with particles of a first reducible metal oxide and particles of a second reducible metal oxide with the metal component of each of the two metal oxides being sinterable at a temperature which is below the melting point of the other. The structure of the precursor is characterized by a first longitudinally extending layer along its length which contains the particles of the first reducible metal oxide, and an adhering second essentially distinct longitudinally extending layer extending along its length which contains the particles of the second reducible metal oxide. The essentially discrete layers may be in a sheath-core arrangement or in side-by-side relationship.

Abstract: A method for the production of metal articles resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures. The method involves the application of a first coating on an article surface, this coating comprising a cobalt, iron or nickel alloy which is compatible with the substrate and which is ductile in character. A second coating highly resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures is applied over the first coating to form a composite coating, and an elevated temperature treatment follows to provide interfacial bonding and to minimize the detrimental effects of thermal and mechanical stresses encountered during use. The provision of a ductile first layer provides a barrier against degradation of the corrosion resistance of the outer layer and serves as a barrier against detrimental interdiffusion and crack propagation.

Abstract: Discloses the use of nickel-iron alloy strike deposits on directly plateable plastics whereby difficulties encountered in plating directly plateable plastics are obviated and plated objects suitable for service conditions 3 and 4 or equivalent service conditions are provided.

Abstract: Steel surfaces are protected from erosion and corrosion by a coating which includes at least three metallic layers of increasing normal potential from the base layer lying on the steel surface to that layer farthest from the steel surface. Also, the base layer immediately adjacent the steel surface has approximately the same normal potential as the steel surface.

Abstract: A multi-layer plating and method for improving the corrosion resistance of ferrous metal articles, such as steel fasteners, are provided in accordance with the invention. The multi-layer plating comprises, in sequence over a ferrous metal substrate, a layer of an alloy which has micro-throwing power, such as nickel-cadmium, nickel-zinc, iron-cadmium, iron-zinc, cobalt-cadmium, or cobalt-zinc, a layer of cadmium, cadmium-tin alloy, a dual layer of cadmium and tin, zinc or zinc alloy, a layer of copper, a layer of nickel, and a layer of chromium or a metallic chromium substitute. The method comprises plating, and preferably electroplating, the aforementioned layers of alloy and metals over an article having a ferrous metal substrate to obtain improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: This invention relates to a clad steel in which an extremely low carbon steel used as a base metal is bonded together with an austenite stainless steel, nickel or nickel alloy as a cladding metal by a rolling or an explosive process, and more particularly to a clad steel having superior properties in which Ti and/or Zr are added to the base metal in order to fix carbon contained therein.

Abstract: Hard-facing of iron and iron base alloy substrates is disclosed using a hard facing material in the form of granules consisting essentially of grains of chemically combined vanadium, tungsten, molybdenum, and carbon bonded by a binder metal of nickel-molybdenum alloy.

Abstract: A novel fastening means of a highly corrosion resistant nature and presenting a bright chrome-like outer appearance.

Abstract: Brazing of metal parts employing a homogeneous, ductile, filler metal foil is disclosed. The brazing foil, useful for brazing stainless steels, has a composition consisting essentially of 0 to about 4 atom percent iron, 0 to about 21 atom percent chromium, 0 to about 16 atom percent boron, 0 to about 19 atom percent silicon, 0 to about 22 atom percent phosphorus and the balance nickel and incidental impurities. In addition to containing the foregoing elements within the above-noted composition ranges, the composition must be such that the total of iron, chromium and nickel ranges from about 76 to 84 atom percent and the total of boron, silicon and phosphorus ranges from about 16 to 24 atom percent. The ductile foil permits fabrication of preforms of complex shapes which do not require binders and/or fluxes necessary for brazing powders presently used to braze stainless steels and nickel base alloys.

Abstract: A process for providing coatings on metal articles whereby the articles will be resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures. The process involves the application of an overlay on an article surface, the overlay comprising a ductile metal of a composition normally resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures. An outer layer of aluminide or metal which is resistant to corrosion at elevated temperatures but which is subject to embrittlement at such temperatures is applied to complete the coating. Porosity in the coating is then eliminated and a high integrity corrosion resistant coating not subject to cracking is obtained by heating the article in a gaseous atmosphere to elevated temperature and simultaneously applying isostatic pressure to the article.

Abstract: Austenitic alloys are disclosed which consist of iron, nickel, cobalt, chromium, aluminum, and yttrium, and articles utilizing these alloys are described such as claddings for gas turbine buckets. The substitution of selected quantities of nickel or nickel and cobalt in prior art ferrous alloys, together with the use of rather high levels of chromium, yields articles having excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation and hot corrosion resistance, and diffusion and thermal expansion compatibility with superalloy substrates.

Abstract: A coating composition for producing high temperature, wear-resistant coatings on a metallic substrate, such as a nickel, cobalt, or iron base alloy, consisting of a cobalt base alloy with chromium, tantalum and carbon additions thereto. The basic composition may also contain one or more of aluminum, yttrium or the rare earth metals, silicon, manganese, or a dispersion of a metal oxide, such as alumina (Al.sub.2 O.sub.3).

Abstract: A valve for an internal combustion engine having a contact surface formed of an alloy which exhibits satisfactory wear properties, PbO corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance, and is less expensive than cobalt containing alloys used for the same purpose. The alloy contains carbon, preferably 1.4 to 2.0wt.%, molybdenum, preferably 4.0 to 6.0wt.%, silicon, preferably 0.1 to 1.0wt.%. nickel, preferably 8 to 13wt.%, chromium, preferably 20 to 26wt.%, manganese, preferably 0 to 3.0wt.%, with the balance being iron.

Abstract: The composition and structure of aluminum bearing overlay alloy coatings, such as MCrAlY type overlay coatings, are altered during deposition from a metallic vapor by biasing the substrate at a small negative potential relative to ground while the vapor is at least partially ionized. The coating layer deposited under such conditions is characterized by substantial freedom from leader defects and by a reduced aluminum content and resultant improved ductility. Such coating conditions can be incorporated in a preselected manner into conventional deposition techniques, such as vacuum vapor deposition and sputtering, to produce a variety of coating compositional and structural variations from a single coating alloy ingot source.

Abstract: A low alloy nickel-manganese steel consists essentially of carbon 0.18-0.23 weight percent, manganese 0.70-0.90 weight percent, silicon 0.20-0.35 weight percent, chromium 0.40-0.60 weight percent, nickel 0.40-0.70 weight percent, molybdenum 0.15-0.25 weight percent and the balance iron. The steel is especially well suited for use as a backing material for bimetallic cylinders prepared by the centrifugal casting process. The backing material has improved stability at the temperatures employed during centrifugally casting a layer of a lining alloy within a cylinder of the backing material. The backing also has improved weldability and less tendency to develop residual bending stresses under the temperatures and pressures encountered during manufacture and use of the cylinder.

Abstract: A novel fastening means of a highly corrosion resistant nature and presenting a bright chrome-like outer appearance.

Abstract: A wear and corrosion resistant alloy for lining cylinders used in extrusion and injection molding machines comprises tantalum carbide admixed with a nickel-cobalt base alloy. The cylinder lining is preferably prepared by placing a quantity of the alloy in the cylinder and capping the ends of the cylinder. The cylinder is then heated above the melting point of the alloy and spun at a high rate of speed to centrifugally coat the inner surface of the cylinder. The cylinder's end caps are then removed and the lining finished to the correct internal diameter and finish by conventional lath and hone means. The tantalum carbide added to the base alloy has an affinity for carbon and tends to reduce the free carbon in the final matrix producing a lining which has desirable hardness and corrosion resistance throughout the thickness of the lining.

Abstract: Coatings are described which are particularly suited for the protection of nickel and cobalt superalloy articles at elevated temperatures. The protective nature of the coatings is due to the formation of an alumina layer on the surface of the coating which serves to reduce oxidation/corrosion. The coatings contain aluminum, chromium, and one metal chosen from the group consisting of nickel and cobalt or mixtures thereof. The coatings further contain a small controlled percentage of hafnium which serves to greatly improve the adherence and durability of the protective alumina film on the surface of the coating.

Abstract: A magnetic recording media is manufactured by depositing a nonmagnetic cobalt base alloy onto a substrate preferably aluminum as a protective layer for the substrate. The cobalt alloy includes chromium, tungsten, and nickel. The clad protective layer can be deposited in several steps with or without a polishing between the deposition steps to provide better corrosion protection for the substrate and covers surface imperfections of the substrate. The cobalt alloy is preferably sputtered onto the prepared substrate.

Abstract: A hard surfacing, high temperature alloy comprising chromium and molybdenum in a nickel base having up to about 3.5 weight percent carbon, and structures surfaced therewith.

Abstract: An alloy-coated ferrous metal substrate is disclosed, the ferrous metal making up said substrate having a thermal conductivity relative to silver taken as 1 cal./sq.cm/cm/.degree. C/sec at substantially ambient temperature of at least about 0.06, the alloy coating being selected from the group consisting of a self-fluxing heat and corrosion resistant iron-group metal-base alloy and a self-fluxing copper-base alloy fused and metallurigically bonded to said ferrous metal substrate, said alloy coating having a thickness of about 0.005 to 0.15 inch, the thermal conductivity of said coating being at least about 0.05.

Abstract: A drier roll having a ferrous metal surface is provided with a surface coating of a hardfacing alloy, the ferrous metal surface having a thermal conductivity relative to silver taken as 1 cal/cm.sup.2 /cm/.degree. C/sec of at least about 0.06, the hardfacing alloy being a hardfacing heat, corrosion and wear resistant iron-group metal-base alloy mechanically and metallurgically bonded to said ferrous metal surface which is preferably made of cast iron, the hardfacing alloy coating having a thickness ranging from about 0.01 to 0.15 inch, the thermal conductivity of said coating being at least 0.05.

Abstract: The energy absorbing properties of solar heating panels are improved by depositing a black chrome coating of controlled thickness on a specially prepared surface of a metal substrate. The surface is prepared by depositing a dull nickel on the substrate, and the black chrome is plated on this low emittance surface to a thickness between 0.5 micron and 2.5 microns.

Abstract: A brazing alloy is provided consisting essentially by weight of about 30 to 50% copper, about 10 to 20% manganese, about 3 to 25% iron, about 0.5 to 4% silicon, about 0.5 to 2% boron and the balance essentially nickel.

Abstract: A cathode adapted for the electrolysis of water or an aqueous solution of an alkali metal halide salt because it gives prolonged lowering of hydrogen overvoltage is provided by an electrically conductive substrate bearing on its surface a coating produced by melt spraying an admixture of particulate nickel or cobalt and particulate aluminum and then leaching out the aluminum.

Abstract: A nickel innerlayer is sandwiched between a steel plate and a titanium plate in a steel assembly, the assembly being hermetically sealed and reduced in a hot rolling operation which results in a metallurgical bond with greatly improved ductility as measured by bending and shear tests. The nickel layer contains not more than 0.03 percent carbon and not less than about 0.05 percent of a carbide former in a ratio of between about 4-35 of carbide former to one of carbon.

Abstract: A flame spray material in the form of a composite comprising (1) as a first component an alloy containing at least about 40% of its weight of at least one of nickel and cobalt, and about 1 to 6% by weight of boron, and (2) aluminum powder as a second component, the first component being present in about 66 to 99% by weight of the composite. The material, desirably blended with about 10% of an aluminum-molybdenum-coated nickel core powder, produces self-bonded wear resistant coatings which can be ground without cracking.