Abstract: An electrochemical energy cell has a galvanic cell including an anode electrode unit, a cathode electrode unit, an electrolyte body between the anode and cathode electrode units and contacting both the anode and cathode electrode units, and a separator layer including the electrolyte body and placed within the cell to contact both the anode and cathode electrode units to bring the anode and cathode electrode units in contact with the electrolyte body. The cathode electrode unit includes a cathode material including a powder mixture of a powder of hydrated ruthenium oxide and one or more additives. The anode electrode unit includes a structure formed of an oxidizable metal, and the separator layer includes a material that is porous to ions in liquid and is electrically non-conductive. A flexible electrochemical cell can be configured for a reduction-oxidation reaction to generate power at a surface of the electrode unit(s).

Abstract: Positive active material pastes for flooded deep discharge lead-acid batteries, methods of making the same and lead-acid batteries including the same are provided. The positive active material paste includes lead oxide, a sulfate additive, and an aqueous acid. The positive active material paste contains from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt % of the sulfate additive. Batteries using such positive active material pastes exhibit greatly improved performance over batteries with conventional positive active material pastes.

Abstract: Provided are an anode active material for a lithium secondary battery, a method for preparing same, and a lithium secondary battery including same. An anode active material for a lithium secondary battery according to the present invention includes: active particles by means of which lithium ions may be absorbed/released; and a coating layer coated on the surface of the active particles, wherein the coating layer includes a first material which is a hollow nanofiber and a second material which is a carbon precursor or LTO.

Abstract: Composite current collectors containing coatings of metals, alloys or compounds, selected from the group of Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi and Se on non-metallic, non-conductive or poorly-conductive substrates are disclosed. The composite current collectors can be used in electrochemical cells particularly sealed cells requiring a long storage life. Selected metals, metal alloys or metal compounds are applied to polymer or ceramic substrates by vacuum deposition techniques, extrusion, conductive paints (dispersed as particles in a suitable paint), electroless deposition, cementation; or after suitable metallization by galvanic means (electrodeposition or electrophoresis). Metal compound coatings are reduced to their respective metals by chemical or galvanic means. The current collectors described are particular suitable for use in sealed primary or rechargeable galvanic cells containing mercury-fee and lead-free alkaline zinc electrodes.

Abstract: Methods for improving the electrical conductivity of a carbon felt material is provided. In some embodiments, a method improving the electrical conductivity of a carbon felt material comprises applying a carbon source liquid to at least a portion of a carbon felt material, optionally removing excess carbon source liquid from the carbon felt material, and converting the carbon source material to solid carbon, such as by heating. Also provided are materials and products created using these methods.

Abstract: An anode active material, an anode including the anode active material, a lithium battery including the anode, and a method of preparing the anode active material. The anode active material includes: a multilayer metal nanotube including: an inner layer; and an outer layer on the inner layer, wherein the inner layer includes a first metal having an atomic number equal to 13 or higher, and the outer layer includes a second metal different from the first metal.

Abstract: The negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery includes a current collector and a negative active material layer disposed on the current collector. The negative active material layer includes a metal-based negative active material and sheet-shaped graphite and has porosity of 20 to 80 volume %. The negative electrode for a rechargeable lithium battery can improve cell characteristics by inhibiting volume change and stress due to active material particle bombardment during charge and discharge, and by decreasing electrode resistance.

Abstract: A lead-acid battery or cell comprises electrode(s) of with current collector(s) of a fibrous material with an average interfibre spacing of less than 50 microns. The current collector material may be a carbon fibre material which has been thermally treated by electric arc discharge. The fibrous current collector material may comprise an impregnated paste comprising a mixture of lead sulphate particles and dilute sulfuric acid.

Abstract: A lithium-ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode containing an active material, and an electrolytic solution, in which the active material includes a core portion capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, and a covering portion arranged on at least part of a surface of the core portion, in which the covering portion contains, as constituent elements, Si, O, and at least one element M1 selected from Li, C, Mg, Al, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Ge, Zr, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, W, Ta, Na, and K, and the atomic ratio y (O/Si) of O to Si is 0.5?y?1.8.

Abstract: Described herein are improved composite anodes and lithium-ion batteries made therefrom. Further described are methods of making and using the improved anodes and batteries. In general, the anodes include a porous composite having a plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites. At least one of the plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites is formed from a dendritic particle, which is a three-dimensional, randomly-ordered assembly of nanoparticles of an electrically conducting material and a plurality of discrete non-porous nanoparticles of a non-carbon Group 4A element or mixture thereof disposed on a surface of the dendritic particle. At least one nanocomposite of the plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites has at least a portion of its dendritic particle in electrical communication with at least a portion of a dendritic particle of an adjacent nanocomposite in the plurality of agglomerated nanocomposites.

Abstract: A nano graphene-enabled vanadium oxide composite composition for use as a lithium battery cathode active material, wherein the composite composition is formed of one or a plurality of graphene, graphene oxide, or graphene fluoride sheets or platelets and a plurality of nano-particles, nano-rods, nano-wires, nano-sheets, and/or nano-belts of a vanadium oxide with a size smaller than 100 nm (preferably smaller than 20 nm, further preferably smaller than 10 nm, and most preferably smaller than 5 nm), and wherein the graphene, graphene oxide, or graphene fluoride (having a thickness <20 nm, preferably <10 nm, further preferably <5 nm, and being most preferably of single-layer or less than 5 layers) is in an amount of from 0.01% to 50% (preferably <10%) by weight based on the total weight of graphene, graphene oxide or graphene fluoride and the vanadium oxide combined.

Abstract: An electrode active material, a method of manufacturing the same, and an electrode and a lithium battery adopting the same. The electrode active material includes a core capable of occluding and emitting lithium; and a surface treatment layer formed on at least a portion of a surface of the core, wherein the surface treatment layer includes a lithium-free oxide having a spinel structure.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes an electrolyte including an additive such as an ethylene carbonate-based compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a silicon-included compound, and a negative electrode including a negative active material including an active element selected from the group consisting of Si, Sn, Ga, Cd, Al, Pb, Zn, Bi, In, Mg, and Ge. In Chemical formula 1, X and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a halogen, and a C1 through C5 fluoroalkyl, provided that at least one of X and Y is selected from the group consisting of a halogen and a C1 through C5 fluoroalkyl. The rechargeable lithium battery has a suppressed volume expansion characteristic due to a high-capacity negative active material, and has excellent reliability and cycle-life characteristics.

Abstract: A reference electrode having a casing with an inner cavity successively filled with a paste constituting an active material and a porous material impregnated with an electrolyte solution. The projecting end of a silver wire is embedded in the paste at the bottom of the inner cavity. The paste is constituted of a powder of a silver compound and of the alkaline electrolyte solution. The silver compound is any insoluble silver salt or oxide containing the negative ion of the electrolyte solution. The impregnated porous material is preferably constituted by a plurality of mat separator pieces mechanically and compressed by a closing plug, closing the inner cavity and forming a porous liquid junction.

Abstract: Electrodes as well as electrode production methods are provided that can include a substrate with the substrate comprising non-conductive material. Batteries including electrodes of the disclosure are provided. Electricity storage methods are provided that can utilize the electrodes and/or batteries of the disclosure.

Abstract: A method of forming battery grids or plates that includes the step of mechanically reshaping or refinishing battery grid wires to improve adhesion between the battery paste and the grid wires. The method is particularly useful in improving the past adhesion to battery grids formed by a continuous batter grid making process (such as strip expansion, strip stamping, continuous casting) that produces grid wires and nodes with smooth surfaces and rectangular cross-section. In a preferred version of the method, the grid wires of battery grids produced by a stamping process are deformed such that the grid wires have a cross-section other than the rectangular cross-section produced by the stamping process. The method increases the cycle life of a battery.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a non-aqueous electrolyte, and an insulating layer formed on a surface of the positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a lithium nickel composite oxide having a layer structure, and the lithium nickel composite oxide is represented by the general formula: LixNiyM1-yO2 where M is at least one selected from the group consisting of Na, Mg, Sc, Y, Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Al, Cr, Pb, Sb, and B, 0<x?1.2, and 0.5<y?1.0. The non-aqueous electrolyte includes a solute and a non-aqueous solvent dissolving the solute, and the non-aqueous solvent contains 40% by weight or more of a cyclic carbonic acid ester. The insulating layer includes an insulating polymeric material.

Abstract: A storage battery is provided comprising a positive electrode of lead, a negative electrode of palladium, and an electrolyte consisting of an aqueous solution of at least one sulfate salt. Upon charging, lead is converted to lead dioxide and atomic hydrogen is absorbed by the palladium. During discharge, lead dioxide is reduced to the plumbous state and hydrogen is oxidized to hydrogen ions.

Abstract: A hybrid lead acid electric storage battery uses conventional lead-acid secondary battery chemistry. The battery is a sealed battery or an unsealed battery. The battery has a set of positive battery grids (plates) having cores of thin titanium expanded metal with a thickness, if flattened, preferably in the range 0.2 mm to 0.7 mm and most preferably 0.3 mm to 0.4 mm. The grid cores are of a titanium alloy containing a platinum group metal. The cores are coated with hot dip lead and are not lead electroplated. The negative plates are carbon based assemblies. Each such assembly has a metal core, preferably a sheet of expanded copper, a corrosion shield sealing the metal core, and an outer layer primarily of activated carbon covering the shield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries and durable anode materials and anodes for use in nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries. The present invention also relates to methods for producing these anode materials. In the present invention, a metal-semiconductor alloy layer is formed on an anode material by contacting a portion of the anode material with a displacement solution. The displacement solution contains ions of the metal to be deposited and a dissolution component for dissolving a part of the semiconductor in the anode material. When the anode material is contacted with the displacement solution, the dissolution component dissolves a part of the semiconductor in the anode material thereby providing electrons to reduce the metal ions and deposit the metal on the anode material. After deposition, the anode material and metal are annealed to form a uniform metal-semiconductor alloy layer.

Abstract: Disclosed are glass compositions, glass fiber compositions, glass fiber battery separators, glass fiber filter media, battery additives and active materials formed with glass compositions disclosed, glass fiber radiation shields, and glass fiber paper compositions. Certain embodiments include, among other components, bismuth oxide. Certain embodiments include about 0.5-30% bismuth oxide of the composition by weight and silica oxide at about 54-70% of the composition by weight. Embodiments may also include other components. For example, zinc oxide can make up about 0.01-3% of the composition by weight.

Abstract: A lead storage battery of the present invention has an electrode plate pack comprising a plurality of negative electrode plates in each of which a negative electrode active material layer is retained by a negative electrode grid, a plurality of positive electrode plates in each of which a positive electrode active material layer is retained by a positive electrode grid, and a plurality of separators separating the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate; a positive electrode connecting member connected to each positive electrode plate of the electrode plate pack, and a negative electrode connecting member connected to each negative electrode plate of the electrode plate pack. The positive and negative electrode grids, and the positive and negative electrode connecting members comprise a Pb alloy including at least one of Ca and Sn; the negative electrode active material layer includes Sb; and the separator includes silica.

Abstract: An optimal architecture for a polymer electrolyte battery, wherein one or more layers of electrolyte (e.g., solid block-copolymer) are situated between two electrodes, is disclosed. An anolyte layer, adjacent the anode, is chosen to be chemically and electrochemically stable against the anode active material. A catholyte layer, adjacent the cathode, is chosen to be chemically and electrochemically stable against the cathode active material.

Abstract: Composite current collectors containing coatings of metals, alloys or compounds, selected from the group of Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi and Se on non-metallic, non-conductive or poorly-conductive substrates are disclosed. The composite current collectors can be used in electrochemical cells particularly sealed cells requiring a long storage life. Selected metals, metal alloys or metal compounds are applied to polymer or ceramic substrates by vacuum deposition techniques, extrusion, conductive paints (dispersed as particles in a suitable paint), electroless deposition, cementation; or after suitable metallization by galvanic means (electrodeposition or electrophoresis). Metal compound coatings are reduced to their respective metals by chemical or galvanic means. The current collectors described are particular suitable for use in sealed primary or rechargeable galvanic cells containing mercury-free and lead-free alkaline zinc electrodes.

Abstract: A structure including a network of parallel, homogeneous pores extending through the structure, and an outer frame around the lateral faces of the structure. The structure and the frame are made of carbon. The electrode is covered by a layer based on lead. The pores are filled with an active material based on lead.

Abstract: Electrochemical cells having molten electrodes having an alkali metal provide receipt and delivery of power by transporting atoms of the alkali metal between electrode environments of disparate chemical potentials through an electrochemical pathway comprising a salt of the alkali metal. The chemical potential of the alkali metal is decreased when combined with one or more non-alkali metals, thus producing a voltage between an electrode comprising the molten the alkali metal and the electrode comprising the combined alkali/non-alkali metals.

Abstract: To smoothly deliver a thermal energy required in an active site of a catalyst carried on a carrier. A method of manufacturing a catalyst carrier of the present invention includes the steps of: forming a mixed thin film in which at least metal and ceramics are mixed on a metal base, by spraying aerosol, with metal powders and ceramic powders mixed therein, on the metal base; and making the mixed thin film porous, by dissolving the metal of the mixed thin film into acid or alkaline solution to remove this metal.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a lead acid battery having a liquid surface sensor (3) installed to a liquid surface sensor installation portion (2a) on a top face of a container lid (2), an electronic circuit board (4) contained in a recessed portion (2b) on the top face of the container lid (2), terminal connecting conductors (5a, 6a) connecting the electronic circuit board (4) to terminals (5, 6), and a liquid surface sensor connecting conductor (8) connecting the liquid surface sensor (3) to the electronic circuit board (4), preventing from catching on an object on the top face of the container lid (2) by insert molding the terminal connecting conductors (5a, 6a) and the liquid surface sensor connecting conductor (8) in the container lid (2), preventing the terminal connecting conductors (5a, 6a) and the liquid surface sensor connecting conductor (8) from being corroded by an electrolyte solution even if the electrolyte solution is spotted on the top face, and improving the outer appearance.

Abstract: A battery anode comprised of metallic nanowire arrays is disclosed. In one embodiment the lithium battery uses Silicon nanowires or another element that alloy with Lithium or another element to produce high capacity lithium battery anodes.

Abstract: An anode composite material includes an anode active material particle having a surface and a continuous aluminum phosphate layer. The continuous aluminum phosphate layer is coated on the surface of the anode active material particle. The present disclosure also relates to a lithium ion battery that includes the cathode composite material.

Abstract: An electric power storage system, having application in energy systems, is primarily assembled from an electric power storage device and an electric power management system. In which, the electric power storage device is assembled from a first electric storage unit, a second electric storage unit and a super capacitance. Characteristics of the super capacitance are used to effect an electrical connection between the first electric storage unit and the second electric storage unit. The electric power management system is then used to implement management of energy resources. The present invention primarily uses the battery characteristics of lead acid batteries and lithium batteries (or lithium iron batteries) and management by the electric power management system to increase endurance and electric storage capacity the battery storage devices.

Abstract: A method for producing, maturing and drying negative and positive plates for lead accumulators during which, in a pasting step, the plates are manufactured by introducing lead paste serving as an active material into an electrode support. The plates are directly placed one atop the other in stacks; the plates are matured at temperatures higher than 70° C.

Abstract: A structure including a network of parallel, homogeneous pores extending through the structure, and an outer frame around the lateral faces of the structure. The structure and the frame are made of carbon. The electrode is covered by a layer based on lead. The pores are filled with an active material based on lead.

Abstract: A negative active material, an electrode including the same, and a lithium battery including the electrode. The negative active material has no volumetric expansion and has high solubility with respect to lithium. In addition, the negative active material is in the form of spherical particles, and thus does not require a separate granulating process. Moreover, the negative active material may enhance the capacity of a lithium battery.

Abstract: A lightweight, durable lead-acid battery is disclosed. Alternative electrode materials and configurations are used to reduce weight, to increase material utilization and to extend service life. The electrode can include a current collector having a buffer layer in contact with the current collector and an electrochemically active material in contact with the buffer layer. In one form, the buffer layer includes a carbide, and the current collector includes carbon fibers having the buffer layer. The buffer layer can include a carbide and/or a noble metal selected from of gold, silver, tantalum, platinum, palladium and rhodium. When the electrode is to be used in a lead-acid battery, the electrochemically active material is selected from metallic lead (for a negative electrode) or lead peroxide (for a positive electrode).

Abstract: The invention relates generally to carbon nano-tube composites and particularly to carbon nano-tube compositions for electrochemical energy storage devices and a method for making the same.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention are directed to negative active materials for lithium rechargeable batteries and to lithium rechargeable batteries including the negative active materials. The negative active material includes a crystalline carbon material having pores, and amorphous conductive nanoparticles in the pores, on the surface of the crystalline carbon, or both in the pores and on the surface of the crystalline carbon. The conductive nanoparticles have a FWHM of about 0.35 degrees (°) or greater at the crystal plane that produces the highest peak as measured by X-ray diffraction.

Abstract: A negative electrode active material including mesoporous silica having mesopores filled with a metal and a lithium battery including the same.

Abstract: The present invention aims to increase the discharge capacity and to improve the cycle life performance in a nickel-metal hydride rechargeable battery using a La—Mg—Ni based hydrogen-absorbing alloy as an active material of a negative electrode. The present invention provides a hydrogen-absorbing alloy represented by the general formula (1): M1uMgvCawM2xNiyM3z . . . (1) (wherein, M1 is one or more elements selected from rare earth elements; M2 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Group 3A elements; Group 4A elements, Group 5A elements, and Pd (excluding rare earth elements); M3 is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Group 6A elements, Group 7A elements, Group 8 elements, Group 1B elements, Group 2B elements, and Group 3B elements (excluding Ni and Pd); u, v, w, x, y, and z are numbers satisfying, u+v+w+x+y+z=100, 3.4?v?5.9, 0.8?w?3.1, 0?(x+z)?5, and 3.2?(y+z)/(u+v+w+x)?3.

Abstract: Provided is a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery having excellent input/output characteristics and excellent adherence between its electrode material mixture layer and current collector. Disclosed is an electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, having a current collector and an electrode material mixture layer attached to a surface of the current collector, in which the electrode material mixture layer includes a metal oxide-containing electrode active material and a binder; the oil absorption capacity of the electrode active material is 25 g or more and 200 g or less, per 100 g of the electrode active material; and when the thickness of the electrode material mixture layer is designated as T, an amount W1 of the binder in a region 0.1 T thick from the surface side of the electrode material mixture layer, and an amount W2 of the binder in a region 0.1 T thick from the current collector side of the electrode material mixture layer, satisfy 0.9?W1/W2?1.1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminar textile material for covering a pasty active mass on a battery electrode. The invention further relates to a battery electrode having such a material, to a battery, and to a method for producing battery electrodes. Potential improvements of lead batteries are disclosed that are more practical than previously known solutions, and that stabilize the pasty active mass on the battery electrodes. A laminar textile materiel is disclosed to this end, comprising glass fibers and fibers made of a thermoplastic plastic, e.g. polyester.

Abstract: A grid network for a battery plate is provided. The grid network includes a plurality of spaced apart grid wire elements, each grid wire element having opposed ends joined to one of a plurality of nodes. Each node includes the juncture of one of the opposed ends of a plurality of the grid wire elements to define a plurality of open spaces in the grid network. At least one of the grid wire elements has a first transverse cross-section intermediate its opposed ends that is a different shape than a second transverse cross-section at least one of the grid wire element's opposed ends.

Abstract: A hybrid energy storage device includes at least one cell comprising at least one positive electrode, at least one negative electrode, a separator placed between said at least one positive and said at least one negative electrode, and an electrolyte. The at least one positive electrode comprises an active material comprising lead and a tab extending from a side of the at least one positive electrode. The at least one negative electrode comprises an activated carbon material, a tab extending from a side of the at least one negative electrode, and a lead lug encapsulating said tab. A first cast-on lead strap is on the tab extending from said at least one positive electrode. A second cast-on lead strap is on the lead lug of the at least one negative electrode.

Abstract: Composite current collectors containing coatings of metals, alloys or compounds, selected from the group of Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi and Se on non-metallic, non-conductive or poorly-conductive substrates are disclosed. The composite current collectors can be used in electrochemical cells particularly sealed cells requiring a long storage life. Selected metals, metal alloys or metal compounds are applied to polymer or ceramic substrates by vacuum deposition techniques, extrusion, conductive paints (dispersed as particles in a suitable paint), electroless deposition, cementation; or after suitable metallization by galvanic means (electrodeposition or electrophoresis). Metal compound coatings are reduced to their respective metals by chemical or galvanic means. The current collectors described are particular suitable for use in sealed primary or rechargeable galvanic cells containing mercury-free and lead-free alkaline zinc electrodes.

Abstract: A lightweight, durable lead-acid battery is disclosed. Alternative electrode materials and configurations are used to reduce weight, to increase material utilization and to extend service life. The electrode can include a current collector having a buffer layer in contact with the current collector and an electrochemically active material in contact with the buffer layer. In one form, the buffer layer includes a carbide, and the current collector includes carbon fibers having the buffer layer. The buffer layer can include a carbide and/or a noble metal selected from of gold, silver, tantalum, platinum, palladium and rhodium. When the electrode is to be used in a lead-acid battery, the electrochemically active material is selected from metallic lead (for a negative electrode) or lead peroxide (for a positive electrode).

Abstract: Disclosed are glass compositions, glass fiber compositions, glass fiber battery separators, glass fiber filter media, battery additives and active materials formed with glass compositions disclosed, glass fiber radiation shields, and glass fiber paper compositions. Certain embodiments include, among other components, bismuth oxide. Certain embodiments include about 0.5-30% bismuth oxide of the composition by weight and silica oxide at about 54-70% of the composition by weight. Embodiments may also include other components. For example, zinc oxide can make up about 0.01-3% of the composition by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode for a lead storage battery that has good initial output characteristics and causes little or no reduction in output characteristics after charge-discharge cycle. The electrode comprises an electrode active material layer and a current collector. The electrode active material layer comprises a layer containing a lead-containing material as an electrode active material and a layer containing a porous carbonaceous material as an electrode active material. The electrode satisfies a requirement represented by the following equation: B/(A+B)×100=1.0 to 90.0% wherein A represents the weight of lead atoms contained in the electrode active material layer; and B represents the weight of the porous carbonaceous material contained in the electrode active material layer. The density of the layer containing the porous carbonaceous material is 0.40 to 0.80 g/cm3. Also disclosed is a lead storage battery using the electrode in at least one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode.

Abstract: Composite current collectors containing coatings of metals, alloys or compounds, selected from the group of Zn, Cd, Hg, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, As, Sb, Bi and Se on non-metallic, non-conductive or poorly-conductive substrates are disclosed. The composite current collectors can be used in electrochemical cells particularly sealed cells requiring a long storage life. Selected metals, metal alloys or metal compounds are applied to polymer or ceramic substrates by vacuum deposition techniques, extrusion, conductive paints (dispersed as particles in a suitable paint), electroless deposition, cementation; or after suitable metallization by galvanic means (electrodeposition or electrophoresis). Metal compound coatings are reduced to their respective metals by chemical or galvanic means. The current collectors described are particular suitable for use in sealed primary or rechargeable galvanic cells containing mercury-fee and lead-free alkaline zinc electrodes.

Abstract: The present application is directed to carbon materials comprising an electrochemical modifier. The carbon materials find utility in any number of electrical devices, for example, in lead acid batteries. Methods for making the disclosed carbon materials are also disclosed.

Abstract: A lithium-ion secondary battery allowed to improve cycle characteristics and initial charge-discharge characteristics is provided. The lithium-ion secondary battery includes a cathode; an anode; and an electrolytic solution. The anode includes an anode active material layer including a plurality of anode active material particles. The anode active material particles each include a core section and a coating section applied to a part or a whole of a surface of the core section, and the core section includes a silicon-based material (SiOx: 0?x<0.5) and the coating section includes an amorphous or low-crystalline silicon-based material (SiOy: 0.5?y?1.8).