Abstract: A positive active material layer for a rechargeable lithium battery including a positive active material and a protection film-forming material is disclosed. A separator for a rechargeable lithium battery including a substrate and a porous layer positioned at least one side of the substrate and including a protection film-forming material is also disclosed. A rechargeable lithium battery can include at least one of the positive active material layer and the separator.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide batteries, electrodes, and methods of making the same. According to one embodiment, a battery may include a positive plate having a grid pasted with a lead oxide material, a negative plate having a grid pasted with a lead based material, a separator separating the positive plate and the negative plate, and an electrolyte. A nonwoven glass mat may be in contact with a surface of either or both the positive plate or the negative plate to reinforce the plate. The nonwoven glass mat may include a plurality of first coarse fibers having fiber diameters between about 6 ?m and 11 ?m and a plurality of second coarse fibers having fiber diameters between about 10 ?m and 20 ?m.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a polyolefin separator, including forming a sheet including a polyolefin resin and a plasticizer; stretching the sheet E1 times in a longitudinal direction at a temperature of T1, followed by stretching the sheet E2 times in a transverse direction at a temperature of T2, wherein T1<115° C., T2<115° C., and T2?T1, and E1×E2=55 to 80, E1?7, and E2?7; and extracting the plasticizer from the stretched sheet.

Abstract: Electrolyte compositions for batteries such as lithium ion and lithium air batteries are described. In some embodiments the compositions are liquid compositions comprising (a) a homogeneous solvent system, said solvent system comprising a perfluropolyether (PFPE) and polyethylene oxide (PEO); and (b) an alkali metal salt dissolved in said solvent system. In other embodiments the compositions are solid electrolyte compositions comprising: (a) a solid polymer, said polymer comprising a crosslinked product of a crosslinkable perfluropolyether (PFPE) and a crosslinkable polyethylene oxide (PEO); and (b) an alkali metal ion salt dissolved in said polymer. Batteries containing such compositions as electrolytes are also described.

Abstract: A membrane includes a porous membrane or layer made of a polymeric material having a plurality of surface treated (or coated) particles (or ceramic particles) having an average particle size of less than about 1 micron dispersed therein. The polymeric material may be selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyamides, polyesters, co-polymers thereof, and combinations thereof. The particles may be selected from the group consisting of boehmite (AlOOH), SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, BaSO4, CaCO3, BN, and combinations thereof, or the particles may be boehmite. The surface treatment (or coating) may be a molecule having a reactive end and a non-polar end. The particles may be pre-mixed in a low molecular weight wax before mixing with the polymeric material. The membrane may be used as a battery separator.

Abstract: The present application provides a lithium ion battery including a thermal sensitive layer comprising polymer particles. The thermal sensitive layer may be disposed between the electrodes and the separator. When the lithium ion battery is under thermal runaway condition and the internal temperature rises to a critical temperature, the polymer particles undergo a thermal transition process (melting) to form an insulating barrier on the electrodes, which blocks lithium ion transfer between the electrodes and shuts down the internal current of the battery.

Abstract: A method of preparing an electrochemical electrode which is partially or totally covered with a film that is obtained by spreading an aqueous solution comprising a water-soluble binder over the electrode and subsequently drying same. The production cost of the electrodes thus obtained is reduced and the surface porosity thereof is associated with desirable resistance values.

Abstract: In accordance with at least certain embodiments of the present invention, a novel concept of utilizing PIMS minerals as a filler component within a microporous lead-acid battery separator is provided. In accordance with more particular embodiments or examples, the PIMS mineral (preferably fish meal, a bio-mineral) is provided as at least a partial substitution for the silica filler component in a silica filled lead acid battery separator (preferably a polyethylene/silica separator formulation). In accordance with at least selected embodiments, the present invention is directed to new or improved batteries, separators, components, and/or compositions having heavy metal removal capabilities and/or methods of manufacture and/or methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a separator and an electrochemical device having the same. The separator of the present invention comprises a non-woven fabric substrate obtained from fibers and having multiple pores formed between the fibers; and a polymer coating layer formed on a part or the whole of the surface of the fibers, wherein the polymer coating layer comprises a polymer having a tensile strength of 80 MPa or more, a tensile modulus of 3,000 MPa or more and a flexural modulus of 3,000 MPa or more. The separator of the present invention can reduce costs for manufacturing electrochemical devices, and it can control the size of pores present in the non-woven fabric substrate to prevent the generation of a leak current and provide improved mechanical strength.

Abstract: Provided herein is a positive temperature coefficient film comprising an inorganic positive temperature coefficient compound. Also provided herein are a positive temperature coefficient electrode, a positive temperature coefficient separator, and a positive temperature coefficient lithium secondary battery, each of which comprises the positive temperature coefficient film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery separator, comprising two fiber regions comprising glass fibers, and a middle fiber region disposed between them comprising larger average diameter fibers and specified amounts of silica, or fine fibers, or both; and processes for making the separator. Also disclosed is a battery separator, comprising a fiber region and either one or two silica-containing region(s) adjacent thereto, each of the regions containing a specified amount of silica; and processes for making the separator. Such separators are useful, e.g., in lead-acid batteries.

Abstract: A separator includes a non-woven fabric substrate having pores, fine thermoplastic powder located inside the pores of the non-woven fabric substrate, and a porous coating layer disposed on at least one surface of the non-woven fabric substrate. The fine thermoplastic powder has an average diameter smaller than that of the pores and a melting point lower than the melting or decomposition point of the non-woven fabric substrate. The porous coating layer includes a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer whose melting point is higher than the melting or decomposition point of the fine thermoplastic powder. In the porous coating layer, the inorganic particles are fixedly connected to each other by the binder polymer and the pores are formed by interstitial volumes between the inorganic particles. Previous filling of the large pores of the non-woven fabric substrate with the fine thermoplastic powder makes the porous coating layer uniform.

Abstract: A separator with a heat resistant insulation layer includes a porous substrate, and a heat resistant insulation layer formed on one surface or both surfaces of the porous substrate and containing at least one kind of inorganic particles and at least one kind of a binder, wherein a content mass ratio of the inorganic particles to the binder in the heat resistant insulation layer is in a range from 99:1 to 85:15, a BET specific surface area of the inorganic particles is in a range from 3 m2/g to 50 m2/g, and a ratio of the moisture content per mass of the binder to the BET specific surface area of the inorganic particles is greater than 0.0001 and smaller than 2.

Abstract: An electrochromic device, which contains: one support; a first electrode layer formed on the support; a second electrode layer provided to face the first electrode layer; an electrochromic layer provided to be in contact with the first electrode layer or the second electrode layer; a solid electrolyte layer containing inorganic particles, which is filled between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is provided to be in contact with the electrochromic layer; and a protective layer provided on the second electrode layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to microporous membranes comprising polymer and having well-balanced permeability, shutdown temperature, and pin puncture strength. The invention also relates to methods for making such membranes, and the use of such membranes as battery separator film in, e.g., lithium ion secondary batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery separator, comprising two fiber regions comprising glass fibers, and a middle fiber region disposed between them comprising larger average diameter fibers and specified amounts of silica, or fine fibers, or both; and processes for making the separator. Also disclosed is a battery separator, comprising a fiber region and either one or two silica-containing region(s) adjacent thereto, each of the regions containing a specified amount of silica; and processes for making the separator. Such separators are useful, e.g., in lead-acid batteries.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery having a structure in which a jelly-roll having a cathode/separator/anode structure is mounted in a cylindrical battery case, wherein a plate-shaped insulator mounted on the top of the jelly-roll includes a woven fabric or a knit fabric made of fibers.

Abstract: Provided are an alkaline battery separator and an alkaline battery including the separator. The separator includes at least a coarse layer and a dense layer denser than the coarse layer. The coarse layer contains an alkaline-resistant cellulose fiber having a freeness value of 350 to 650 ml as a whole in the proportion of 25 to 65% by weight. The alkaline-resistant cellulose fiber includes at least two kinds of alkaline-resistant cellulose fibers having different freeness with each other. The difference in freeness value between the alkaline-resistant cellulose fibers having the highest and lowest freeness values is 300 to 700 ml. The dense layer contains an alkaline-resistant cellulose fiber which as a whole has a freeness value of 0 to 400 ml. The separator has a maximum pore size of 65 ?m or smaller, and a liquid absorption capacity of 5 g/g or higher.

Abstract: A method of making a separator for an electrochemical battery cell of a lithium ion battery includes electrospinning a non-woven polymer fiber mat onto a collection face of a collector substrate. The separator may be formed entirely of the electrospun non-woven polymer fiber mat or it may be a multi-layer composite that contains other components in addition to the electrospun non-woven polymer fiber mat. The collector substrate comprises an electrode (positive or negative) optionally covered with a ceramic particle layer such that electrospinning of the non-woven polymer fiber mat forms an electrode-separator integral segment. The electrode-separator integral segment may then be assembled into an electrochemical battery cell of a lithium ion battery.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide batteries, electrodes, and methods of making the same. According to one embodiment, a battery may include a positive plate having a grid pasted with a lead oxide material, a negative plate having a grid pasted with a lead based material, a separator separating the positive plate and the negative plate, and an electrolyte. A nonwoven glass mat may be in contact with a surface of either or both the positive plate or the negative plate to reinforce the plate. The nonwoven glass mat may include a plurality of first coarse fibers having fiber diameters between about 6 ?m and 11 ?m and a plurality of second coarse fibers having fiber diameters between about 10 ?m and 20 ?m.

Abstract: The invention provides a lithium battery, including: a cathode plate and an anode plate; a separator disposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate to define a reservoir region; and an electrolyte filled in the reservoir region. A thermal protective film is provided to cover a material of the cathode plate or the anode plate. When a battery temperature rises over an onset temperature of the thermal protective film, it undergoes a crosslinking reaction to inhibit thermal runaway. A method for fabricating the lithium ion battery is also provided.

Abstract: A separator for a battery having a porous base material layer and a polymer coating layer formed on at least a surface of the base material layer. The polymer coating layer includes a first fluorinated copolymer and a non-fluorinated polymer. A weight ratio of the first fluorinated copolymer to the non-fluorinated polymer is in a range of 3:1 to 1:3.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery cell is provided that includes at least one inorganic, multi-functional constituent that has a low thermal conductivity and is suitable for reducing or restricting thermal anomalies at least locally.

Abstract: Glass-fiber composites are described that include a substrate containing glass fibers and particles in contact with the glass fiber substrate. The particles may include an alkali-metal containing compound. In addition, batteries are described with an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte. The cathode may include alkali-metal containing nanoparticles in contact with glass fibers. Also describe are methods of making a glass-fiber composite. The methods may include the steps of forming a wet laid non-woven glass fiber substrate, and contacting alkali-metal containing particles on the substrate.

Abstract: An electroactive material for use in an electrochemical cell, like a lithium-ion battery, is provided. The electroactive material comprises lithium titanate oxide (LTO) and has a surface coating with a thickness of less than or equal to about 30 nm that suppresses formation of gases within the electrochemical cell. Methods for making such materials and using such materials to suppress gas formation in electrochemical cells are likewise provided.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention facilitate a winding process and enable auxiliary current collectors to be securely fixed to a main current collector, thereby minimizing deformation during battery charging and discharging and maintaining sufficient strength. The jelly roll includes a first auxiliary current collector, a second auxiliary current collector, a mandrel insulating layer, and an electrode plate. The first auxiliary current collector and the second auxiliary current collector are spaced apart from each other and each has a mandrel protrusion on an opposite end portion. The mandrel insulating layer insulates the auxiliary current collectors from each other and insulates the auxiliary current collectors from an exterior. The electrode plate is formed by layering a separator, a first electrode plate, a separator and a second electrode plate and is wound on an external surface of the mandrel insulating layer.

Abstract: A separator for an alkali metal ion rechargeable battery includes a porous ceramic alkali ion conductive membrane which is inert to liquid alkali ion solution as well as anode and cathode materials. The porous ceramic separator is structurally self-supporting and maintains its structural integrity at high temperature. The ceramic separator may have a thickness of at least 200 ?m and a porosity in the range from 20% to 70%. The separator may be in the form of a clad composite separator structure in which one or more layers of porous and inert ceramic or polymer membrane materials are clad to the alkali ion conductive membrane. The porous and inert alkali ion conductive ceramic membrane may comprise a NaSICON-type, LiSICON-type, or beta alumina material.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fiber having a nano-order fiber diameter, which is produced by without a process of dehydration and cyclization by a heat treatment after fiber spinning and has excellent heat resistance and mechanical strength, and a non-woven fabric composed of the fiber, and discloses the polyamide-imide fiber and the non-woven fabric having an average fiber diameter of from 0.001 ?m to 1 ?m and also discloses the process for producing threrof. The present invention also provides a separator for an electronic component which has a high conductivity and a small separator thickness and is improved in safety during reflow soldering or short-circuiting, and discloses the separator composed of a non-woven fabric obtained by an electro-spinning method.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrode whose surface includes an organic/inorganic composite porous coating layer comprising heat-absorbing inorganic particles and a binder polymer, wherein the heat-absorbing inorganic particle is at least one particle selected from the group consisting of antimony-containing compounds, metal hydroxides, guanidine-based compounds, boron-containing compounds and zinc tartrate compounds. A separator using the heat-absorbing inorganic particles as a component for forming or coating the separator, and an electrochemical device including the electrode and/or the separator are also disclosed. The separator using the heat-absorbing inorganic particles as a component for forming or coating the separator can ensure excellent thermal safety and minimizes degradation of the quality of a battery.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium secondary battery. The lithium secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode, a separator and a non-aqueous electrolyte solution. The separator includes a porous substrate, and a coating layer coated on at least one surface of the porous substrate and including a mixture of inorganic particles and a binder polymer. The non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains an ionizable lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a dinitrile compound having a specific structure. The lithium secondary battery is very safe without side reactions of the electrolyte solution. Therefore, the lithium secondary battery exhibits excellent cycle life and output performance characteristics.

Abstract: An electrode assembly and a rechargeable battery including the same, the electrode assembly including a first electrode, a second electrode, and a separator interposed therebetween, wherein the first electrode, the second electrode, and the separator are spiral-wound in a jelly-roll structure, the first electrode includes at least two first uncoated regions separated from each other and a first tab coupled to one of the first uncoated regions and a second tab coupled to another of the first uncoated regions, the first tab and the second tab protruding from one side of the jelly-roll structure, the first tab is disposed near a center of the jelly-roll structure and the second tab is disposed near an outer circumference of the jelly-roll structure, and a width of the first tab is smaller than a width of the second tab.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nonwoven fiber mat for reinforcing a plate or electrode of a lead-acid battery includes a plurality of glass fibers and an acid resistant binder that couples the plurality of glass fibers together. The nonwoven fiber mat also includes a wetting component that is applied to the glass fibers and/or nonwoven fiber mat to increase the wettability of the nonwoven fiber mat such that the nonwoven fiber mat exhibits an average water wick height of at least 0.5 cm after exposure to water for 10 minutes conducted according to method ISO8787. The wetting component may be dissolvable in an acid solution of the lead-acid battery such that a significant portion of the nonwoven fiber mat is lost due to dissolving of the wetting component.

Abstract: A Li-ion battery is disclosed, the Li-ion battery including an anode, a cathode, a lithium donor formed from a Li-containing material, and an electrolyte in communication with the anode, the cathode, and the lithium donor. The lithium donor may be incorporated into the anode, incorporated into the cathode, a layer formed on either an anode side or a cathode side of a separator of the battery. The lithium donor is formed from Li-containing material insensitive to oxygen and aqueous moisture.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly, a case, and an electrode terminal. The electrode assembly including at least a central negative electrode, a pair of positive electrodes disposed on opposite side of the central negative electrode, and pair of outermost negative electrodes adjacent the pair of positive electrodes with a separator separating all the electrodes from each other. The pair of outermost negative electrodes respectively include a negative current collector and negative active material layers formed on both sides of the negative current collector. The case receives the electrode assembly. The electrode terminal includes a positive terminal connected to a positive electrode and a negative terminal connected to a negative electrode.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a porous insulating layer, and nonaqueous electrolyte. The porous insulating layer is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The nonaqueous electrolyte is contained at least in the porous insulating layer. The mixture layer of the positive electrode and the porous insulating layer each include a structure retainer.

Abstract: A magnesium battery (10) is constituted of a negative electrode (1), a positive electrode (2) and an electrolyte (3). The negative electrode (1) is formed of metallic magnesium and can also be formed of an alloy. The positive electrode (2) is composed of a positive electrode active material, for example, a metal oxide, graphite fluoride ((CF)n) or the like, etc. The electrolytic solution (3) is, for example, a magnesium ion-containing nonaqueous electrolytic solution prepared by dissolving magnesium(II) chloride (MgCl2) and dimethylaluminum chloride ((CH3)2AlCl) in tetrahydrofuran (THF). In the case of dissolving and depositing magnesium by using this electrolytic solution, the following reaction proceeds in the normal direction or reverse direction.

Abstract: As consistent with various embodiments, an electronic device includes a carbon nanotube film having a plurality of carbon nanotubes. In certain embodiments, a coating, such as an inorganic coating, is formed on a surface of carbon nanotube. The nanotube film supports the device and facilitates electrical conduction therein. The coated nanotube is amenable to implementation with devices such as thin film batteries, a battery separator, thin film solar cells and high-energy Lithium ion batteries.

Abstract: In various embodiments an improved binder composition, electrolyte composition and a separator film composition using discrete carbon nanotubes. Their methods of production and utility for energy storage and collection devices, like batteries, capacitors and photovoltaics, is described. The binder, electrolyte, or separator composition can further comprise polymers. The discrete carbon nanotubes further comprise at least a portion of the tubes being open ended and/or functionalized. The utility of the binder, electrolyte or separator film composition includes improved capacity, power or durability in energy storage and collection devices. The utility of the electrolyte and or separator film compositions includes improved ion transport in energy storage and collection devices.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel battery structure that, in some variations, utilizes a mixed lithium-ion and electron conductor as part of the separator. This layer is non-porous, conducting only lithium ions during operation, and may be structurally free-standing. Alternatively, the layer can be used as a battery electrode in a lithium-ion battery, wherein on the side not exposed to battery electrolyte, a chemical compound is used to regenerate the discharged electrode. This battery structure overcomes critical shortcomings of current lithium-sulfur, lithium-air, and lithium-ion batteries.

Abstract: Provided is a separator/anode assembly for use in an electric current producing cell, wherein the assembly comprises an anode current collector layer interposed between a first anode layer and a second anode layer and a porous separator layer on the side of the first anode layer opposite to the anode current collector layer, wherein the first anode layer is coated directly on the separator layer. Also provided are methods of preparing such separator/anode assemblies.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composite separator for a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) and a method for manufacturing the same, in which a graphite foil prepared by compressing expanded graphite is stacked on a carbon fiber-reinforced composite prepreg or a mixed solution prepared by mixing graphite flake and powder with a resin solvent is applied to the cured composite prepreg such that a graphite layer is integrally molded on the outermost end of the separator.

Abstract: One embodiment includes a rechargeable charge storage device including a microcapsule disposed within said rechargeable charge storage device; and a thermal retardant chemical species contained within said microcapsule, wherein said microcapsule is adapted to release said chemical species upon being exposed to a triggering event either prior to or during an unstable rise in temperature of said charge storage device.

Abstract: A nickel zinc battery cell includes a metallic zinc-based current collection substrate as a part of the negative electrode. The metallic zinc-based current collector may be made of or be coated with a zinc metal or zinc alloy material and may be a foil, perforated, or expanded material. Battery cells incorporating the zinc-based current collector exhibit good cycle lifetime and initial charge performance.

Abstract: A paste suitable for a negative plate of a lead-acid battery, the paste comprising lead oxide and carbon black, wherein the carbon black has the following properties: (a) a BET surface area between about 100 and about 2100 m2/g; and (b) an oil adsorption number (OAN) in the range of about 35 to about 360 cc/100 g, provided that the oil absorption number is less than the 0.14×the BET surface area+65.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte lithium secondary battery obtained by the present invention has a separator and a porous layer which contains an inorganic filler and a binder and which is formed on the separator, wherein a thickness of the separator ranges from 12 ?m to 18 ?m, a porosity of the separator ranges from 52% to 67%, a thickness of the porous layer ranges from 3 ?m to 15 ?m, a porosity of the porous layer ranges from 44% to 70%, and the porous layer-attached separator exhibits a film resistance equal to or lower than 1.35 ?·cm2 when impregnated with an electrolyte solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a separator comprising a porous substrate; and a porous coating layer formed on at least one surface of the porous substrate and comprising a mixture of first inorganic particles coated with a coupling agent on the surface thereof, second inorganic particles coated with a coupling agent on the surface thereof and a binder polymer, the first inorganic particles having an average diameter of 1 to 10 ?m and the second inorganic particles having an average diameter of 50 to 500 nm. In accordance with the present invention, a separator having a porous coating layer comprising two kinds of inorganic particles which are coated with a coupling agent is manufactured to minimize a mechanochemical reaction, thereby inhibiting the production of unnecessary substances, and to easily introduce functional particles.

Abstract: An electrochemical device having a liquid electrolyte which includes a protic solvent, an anode electrode disposed in contact with the liquid electrolyte, and a cathode electrode disposed in contact with the liquid electrolyte. A membrane which interrupts the transport of ions between the electrodes at a predetermined temperature is disposed in the liquid electrolyte between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. In this way, electrochemical devices such as batteries, fuel cells, electrolyzers, and sensors, which may overheat during use and cause a fire or explosion, are precluded from overheating.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a separator and an electrochemical device, the separator is provided with a folded structure unit across a widthwise direction of the separator, and an overlapping part of the folded structure unit is filled with an adhesive. When the separator is applied into a production of the electrochemical device, a winding process can be performed as usual. After an electrolyte injection or high temperature aging of the electrochemical device, the adhesive filled in the folded structure unit of the separator may be dissolved into the electrolyte, the folded structure unit can be unfolded to a flat position again, so as to effectively eliminate deformation of the electrochemical device, which may be caused by thermal contraction of the separator, over stress in the separator wound in a cell, or the separator's binding on expansion of negative and positive electrodes, during operation and production of the electrochemical device.

Abstract: A positive electrode active material for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries includes a coating layer containing at least nickel (Ni) and/or manganese (Mn) on the surface of a complex oxide particle containing lithium (Li) and cobalt (Co), wherein a binding energy value obtained by analysis of a surface state by an ESCA surface analysis on the surface of the coating layer is 642.0 eV or more and not more than 642.5 eV in an Mn2p3 peak, and a peak interval of Co—Mn is 137.6 eV or more and not more than 138.0 eV.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention provide battery separators including reinforcing fibers and methods for making the same. According to one embodiment, a battery separator may include a plurality of first fibers blended with a plurality of second fibers. The plurality of first fibers may include fibers having a fiber diameter of between about 0.05 and 5 microns and the plurality of second fibers may include fibers having a fiber diameter of between about 8 and 20 microns. The first fibers may allow the battery separator to absorb an electrolyte of the battery while the second fibers reinforce the battery separator. An acid resistant binder may bond the first and second fibers. In some embodiments, the second fibers may be arranged with respect to the first fibers so as to form a plurality of fiber strands that are disposed on one or more surfaces of the mat composed of the first fibers.