Abstract: An electrolyte composition which is excellent in durability and charge transport performance, and an electrochemical battery in which deterioration of the charge transport performance with time is minimized, the electrolyte composition including therein a salt which comprises an anion which contains a mesogen group, and an alkyl or alkenyl group having 6 carbons or more in the structure of the anion, and an organic or inorganic cation.

Abstract: A non-aqueous cell according to the present invention has an assembly element comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator in a sealed case with the features: an amount of electrolyte is greater than or equal to 30% and less than or equal to 100% of the total pore volume of said assembly element; and a carbon dioxide content is greater than or equal to 1 volume % of the total gas contained in said sealed case.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a reversible, electrically controllable light transmission (RECLT) film, article of manufacture composition, process and product produced by the process, comprising a conductive narrow composition distribution polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer in combination with an electrolyte and an RECLT material. The narrow composition distribution polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer has low solubility, high thermal stability and strength, and very high optical clarity. The polyvinylidene fluoride copolymer comprises a nonporous or porous copolymer of vinylidene fluoride preferably with either hexafluoropropylene or tetrafluoroethylene or chlorotrifluoroethylene, or vinyl acetate, or combinations thereof. The RECLT material includes organic or inorganic compounds known in the art. Typical RECLT materials include electrochromic materials, reversible metal electrodeposition materials, liquid crystal materials and dispersed particle materials.

Abstract: A new PEM and fuel cell using that PEM are disclosed. The proton electrolyte membrane (PEM) comprises a polymer matrix and an ionically conductive ceramic material adapted to create a superconductive interface, the ceramic material being uniformly dispersed throughout the matrix. The polymer matrix is selected from the group consisting of proton exchange polymers, non-proton exchange polymers, and combinations thereof. The material is selected from the group consisting of beta alumina oxides, SnO2(nH2O) , fumed silica, SiO2, fumed Al2O3, H4SiW12O2(28H2O), tin mordenite/SnO2 composite, zirconium phosphate-phosphate/silica composite.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel rechargeable lithium battery with ionic electrolyte. The embodiments for the new polymer lithium ion batteries in the present invention comprise three major components, each of which is a composite: an anode, a cathode, and a polymer-gel-electrolyte-separator system. The anode consists of a lithium ion host such as graphite as active materials. The cathode is a mixture of lithium compounds, high surface area carbon and sometimes a catalyst. The polymer-gel-electrolyte-separator system comprises inorganic electrolyte as active material, which is immobilized in the polymer matrix. Two chemistries involved in these embodiments of batteries include intercalation of lithium ions and catalyzed electrolysis of lithium compounds.

Abstract: A fullerene-based proton conductor including a proton conductive functional group connected to the fullerene by an at least partially fluorinated spacer molecule. Also, a polymer including at least two of the proton conductors that are connected by a linking molecule. Further, an electrochemical device employing the polymer as a proton exchange membrane, whereby the device is able to achieve a self-humidifying characteristic.

Abstract: A secondary cell exhibiting superior flexibility and cell characteristics. This secondary cell has an anode, a polymer electrolyte layer and an anode, layered together. At least one of the anode and the anode is formed by a sheet-like electrode comprised of a current collector, composed mainly of carbon fibers, and an electrode mixture carried thereon. A metal foil is provided in sliding contact with the sheet electrode on the opposite side of the sheet electrode with respect to the polymer electrolyte layer, and an electrode terminal is taken from said metal foil. The cell device is sealed under a reduced pressure by an exterior member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a polymer electrolyte comprising a polymer, a metal salt and at least one plasticizer or solvent, wherein the polymer is an amphiphilic graft copolymer comprising a backbone carrying hydrophilic and hydrophobic grafts attached to different carbon atoms in the backbone, and further wherein the hydrophobic grafts are selected from the group of fluorinated chains or alkyl chains having at least 8 carbon atoms. The invention also relates to a battery cell comprising a polymer electrolyte and methods of producing a polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: Ionic perfluorovinyl compounds and their uses as components of ionic conductors of the polymer type, of selective membranes or of catalysts. The compounds comprise at least one perfluorovinyl group and at least one group chosen from —O or one of the groups C≡N, —C(C≡N)2, —NSO2R or —C[SO2R]2 or a pentacyclic group comprising at least one N, C—C≡N, CR, CCOR or CSO2R group. The compounds and/or their polymers are of use in the preparation of ionically conducting materials, electrolytes and selective membranes.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lithium salt expressed by a formula, LiAlXn(OY)4-n, where “X” is an electrophilic substituent group and “Y” is an oligoether group, an ionic conductor with the lithium salt dispersed in a structural member, and a liquid electrolyte with the lithium salt dissolved in a solvent. For example, the ionic conductor exhibits high ionic conductivity as well as high lithium ion transport number.

Abstract: The present invention provides a electrochemical element, wherein a multi-component composite film comprising a) polymer support layer film and b) a porous gellable polymer layer which is formed on either or both sides of the support layer film of a), wherein the support layer film of a) and the gellable polymer layer of b) are unified with each other without an interface between them.

Abstract: A unique discontinuous cathode sheet structure is incorporated within thin-film electrochemical halfcells and full cells. A thin-film electrochemical cell structure includes a cathode sheet layer comprising a series of discontinuous cathode sheets. In a monoface configuration, each of the cathode sheets includes one cathode layer in contact with a current collector layer. In a biface configuration, each of the cathode sheets includes a pair of cathode layers each contacting a current collector layer. A gap is defined between adjacent ones of the cathode sheets. A solid electrolyte layer contacts a surface of one or both cathode layers, depending on the configuration, and extends across the gaps defined between the adjacent cathode sheets. The cathode sheets may be arranged in a number of rows to define a matrix of the cathode sheets.

Abstract: There are disclosed a polyelectrolyte comprising at least a styrenic polymer having a syndiotactic configuration and exhibiting an ion exchange capability, a polyelectrolyte membrane produced by forming the polyelectrolyte into a film, and a fuel cell using the polyelectrolyte membrane. The polyelectrolyte of the present invention is inexpensive and exhibits a good long-term stability, and is suitably used for fuel cells, production of common salt from sea water and recovery of acids from waste water.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte comprising an electrolyte salt, a non-aqueous solvent and a polymer which comprises repeating units of the formulas: —(R1—O)n—, and —[CH (R2)—CH2—O]m— in which n≧0 and m≧0 provided that n+m≧5, R1 is a C1-C6 alkyl group, and R2 is a C1-C6 alkyl group or a benzyl group, and a urea structure.

Abstract: This invention is in solid polymer-based electrolytes for battery applications. It uses molecular composite technology, coupled with unique preparation techniques to render a self-doped, stabilized electrolyte material suitable for inclusion in both primary and secondary batteries. In particular, a salt is incorporated in a nano-composite material formed by the in situ catalyzed condensation of a ceramic precursor in the presence of a solvated polymer material, utilizing a condensation agent comprised of at least one cation amenable to SPE applications. As such, the counterion in the condensation agent used in the formation of the molecular composite is already present as the electrolyte matrix develops.

Abstract: An electrolyte for an electrochemical cell consisting of a di-lithium phthalocyanine.

Abstract: A polymeric sol electrolyte including a sol-forming polymer and an electrolytic solution consisting of a lithium salt and an organic solvent. Use of the polymeric sol electrolyte allows problems such as swelling or leakage to be overcome, compared to the case of using a liquid-type electrolytic solution. Also, the polymeric sol electrolyte has better ionic conductivity than a polymeric gel electrolyte. In addition, when the lithium battery according to the present invention is overcharged at 4.2 V or higher, an electrochemically polymerizable material existing in the polymeric sol electrolyte is subjected to polymerization to prevent heat runaway, which simplifies a separate protection circuit, leading to a reduction in manufacturing cost.

Abstract: A secondary lithium ion battery, comprising a plurality of laminates (12) each having a separator (7) holding an electrolytic solution to which a positive electrode (1) and a negative electrode (4)are joined with an adhesive resin layer (8) having a mixed phase composed of an electrolytic solution phase (9), a polymer gel phase (10) containing an electrolytic solution, and a polymer solid phase (11).

Abstract: A first manufacturing method of a totally solid polymer secondary battery includes laminating a first quasi-positive electrode layer and a negative electrode layer on a positive electrode current collector, laminating a polymer solid electrolyte layer and a second quasi-positive electrode layer on the negative electrode layer, and adhering the first and second quasi-positive electrode layers to each other. A second manufacturing method of the same includes laminating a positive electrode layer and a first quasi-polymer solid electrolyte layer on a positive electrode current collector, laminating a negative electrode layer and a second quasi-polymer solid electrolyte layer on a negative electrode layer, and adhering the first and second quasi-polymer solid electrolyte layers to each other.

Abstract: A cathode, an anode and a porous film are first provided. Then, the cathode and anode are aligned with the porous film and a part of the cathode and a part of the anode are fixed to said porous film. Then, the cathode, anode and porous film are immersed in a liquid electrolyte. Finally, the cathode and anode are integrated with the porous film by compression. With this process, it is possible to produce a thin and lightweight polymer secondary battery or other secondary batteries with ease yet at low cost.

Abstract: A method of forming an electrochemical cell is disclosed. The method comprises contacting a negative pole layer and a positive pole layer one with the other or with an optional layer interposed therebetween. The pole layers and the optional layer therebetween are selected so as to self-form an interfacial separator layer between the pole layers upon such contacting.

Abstract: To improve an impregnation property of an electrolyte and the cycle characteristics, which have been a problem in the case of employing a casing having a variable shape.

Abstract: In a polymer electrolyte battery provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a polymer electrolyte containing a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, a solvent in said non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains vinylene carbonate in a concentration of 0.1 to 90 vol % so that the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contained in the polymer electrolyte is restrained from reacting with the positive electrode and negative electrode.

Abstract: An electrolyte for rechargeable lithium battery including a lithium salt, an organic solvent and a thermosetting organic compound is provided.

Abstract: A composition for forming polymer electrolyte and a lithium secondary battery employing the polymer electrolyte prepared using the composition are provided. The composition for forming polymer solid electrolyte having a polymer resin, a plasticizer, a filler and a solvent, wherein the filler is synthetic zeolite having an affinity for an organic solvent or moisture. Therefore, the mechanical strength and ionic conductivity can be improved by adding synthetic zeolite as a filler when forming polymer electrolyte. Also, use of such polymer electrolyte makes it possible to prepare lithium secondary batteries having good high-current discharge characteristics and excellent discharge capacity characteristics even under repeated charge/discharge conditions.

Abstract: Graphite sheeting having a thickness of less than 250 micrometers and in-plane conductivity of at least 100 S/cm when employed as a cathode current collector in a lithium or lithium ion cell containing a fluorinated lithium imide or methide electrolyte salt imparts high thermal resistance, excellent electrochemical stability, and surprisingly high capacity retention at high rates of discharge.

Abstract: An organic electrolytic solution and a lithium secondary battery employing the same are provided. The organic electrolytic solution contains an organic solvent and a lithium salt and the organic solvent includes 20 to 60% by volume of ethylene carbonate, 20 to 70% by volume of dialkyl carbonate and 5 to 30% by volume of a fluorinated toluene compound. The organic electrolytic solution has improved high-temperature exposure characteristic by virtue of the use of a fluorinated toluene compound having a high boiling point in combination with mixed solvents of ethylene carbonate and dialkyl carbonate. The lithium secondary battery employing the organic electrolytic solution is excellent in the high-temperature exposure characteristic, while maintaining good discharge capacity and lifetime characteristics.

Abstract: A proton conductor mainly contains a carbonaceous material derivative, such as, a fullerene derivative, a carbon cluster derivative, or a tubular carbonaceous material derivative in which groups capable of transferring protons, for example, —OH groups or —OSO3H groups are introduced to carbon atoms of the carbonaceous material derivative. The proton conductor is produced typically by compacting a powder of the carbonaceous material derivative. The proton conductor is usable, even in a dry state, in a wide temperature range including ordinary temperature. In particular, the proton conductor mainly containing the carbon cluster derivative is advantageous in increasing the strength and extending the selection range of raw materials. An electrochemical device, such as, a fuel cell, that employs the proton conductor is not limited by atmospheric conditions and can be of a small and simple construction.

Abstract: A solid composite polymer electrolyte contains a general amorphous branched polymer having recurrent units, each of which includes a backbone chain and at least a side chain linked to the backbone chain and containing at least one coordination potential atom, an amphoteric metal salt dispersed in the branched polymer and forming Lewis acid-base interactions with the side chains, and an amphoteric Lewis acid-base ceramic filler dispersed in the branched polymer and forming Lewis acid-base interactions with the side chains and the metal salt.

Abstract: A proton conductor mainly contains a carbonaceous material derivative, such as, a fullerene derivative, a carbon cluster derivative, or a tubular carbonaceous material derivative in which groups capable of transferring protons, for example, —OH groups or —OSO3H groups are introduced to carbon atoms of the carbonaceous material derivative. The proton conductor is produced typically by compacting a powder of the carbonaceous material derivative. The proton conductor is usable, even in a dry state, in a wide temperature range including ordinary temperature. In particular, the proton conductor mainly containing the carbon cluster derivative is advantageous in increasing the strength and extending the selection range of raw materials. An electrochemical device, such as, a fuel cell, that employs the proton conductor is not limited by atmospheric conditions and can be of a small and simple construction.

Abstract: An ionic conducting device comprising a nanostructured material layer. The nanostructured layer has a microstructure confined to a size less than 100 nm. The ion conductivity of the nanostructured layer is higher than the ion conductivity of a layer of equivalent composition and size having a micron-sized microstructure.

Abstract: A solid electrolyte having an electrolyte solution and a crosslinked polymer that is being chemically crosslinked, wherein the electrolyte includes therein a gel phase, in which the crosslinked polymer is swelled with the electrolyte solution, and a separated phrase of electrolyte solution phase. A nonaqueous secondary battery using the above described solid electrolyte.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an electrolytic cell and associated process for fabrication, wherein the cell utilizes an intermediate sub-component connecting layer. This layer comprises an electrolyte which, in an at least partially cured state, is at least partially sandwiched between an electrolyte on a first sub-component and an electrolyte on a second sub-component. Prior to full curing of the intermediate sub-component connecting layer, the cell is oriented into a desired product configuration. Once such a configuration is obtained, the intermediate sub-component connecting layer is fully cured to, in turn, maintain the cell in the desired product configuration without concern of misalignment or mechanical degradation between the various sub-components and/or the cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte for an electrochemical device. This electrolyte includes an ionic metal complex represented by the general formula (1): wherein M is an element of groups 3-15 of the periodic table; Aa+ represents a metal ion, onium ion or proton; X1 represents O, S or NR5R6; each of R1 and R2 independently represents H, a halogen, a C1-C10 alkyl group or C1-C10 halogenated alkyl group; R3 represents a C1-C10 alkylene group, C1-C10 halogenated alkylene group, C4-C20 aryl group or C4-C20 halogenated aryl group; R4 represents a halogen, C1-C10 alkyl group, C1-C10 halogenated alkyl group, C4-C20 aryl group, C4-C20 halogenated aryl group or X2R7; X2 represents O, S or NR5R6; each of R5 and R6 represents H or a C1-C10 alkyl group; and R7 represents a C1-C10 alkyl group, C1-C10 halogenated alkyl group, C4-C20 aryl group or C4-C20 halogenated aryl group. The electrolyte has high heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance as compared with conventional electrolytes.

Abstract: In a nonaqueous electrolyte battery, an ion-conductive polymer particles provided to be between a positive electrode and a negative electrode. The positive electrode and the negative electrode are insulated from each other by the polymer particles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical element, specifically an electrochemical element with improved energy density comprising stacked electrochemical cells. In order to achieve such objects, the present invention provides an electrochemical element comprising electrochemical cells which are multiply stacked, said electrochemical cells formed by stacking full cells or bicells having a cathode, a separator layer, and an anode sequentially as a basic unit, and a separator film interposed between each stacked cell wherein, said separator film has a unit length which is determined to wrap the electrochemical cells, and folds outward every unit length to fold each electrochemical cell in a Z-shape starting from the electrochemical cell of a first spot to the electrochemical cell of the last spot continuously while the remaining separator film wraps an outer portion of the stacked cell and a method for manufacturing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electrochemical element, specifically an electrochemical element with improved energy density comprising multiply stacked electrochemical cells. In order to achieve such objects, the present invention provides an electrochemical element comprising electrochemical cells which are multiply stacked, said electrochemical cells formed by stacking full cells having a cathode, a separator layer, and an anode sequentially as a basic unit, and a separator film interposed between each stacked full cell wherein, said separator film has a unit length which is determined to wrap the electrochemical cells and folds inward every unit length to wrap each electrochemical cell starting from the center electrochemical cell to the outermost electrochemical cell continuously.

Abstract: An adhesive for batteries. The adhesive has improved wetting properties, improved adhesive strength and prevents deterioration of battery performance. Secondary batteries can be obtained having an arbitrary shape such as a thin shape with high reliability and high charge and discharge efficiency. The adhesive includes a thermoplastic resin, a solvent capable of dissolving the resin and a neutral and aprotic surfactant. The surfactant includes a polysiloxene skeleton. The adhesive is used in batteries for adhering an active material layer joined to a current collector to a separator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing a solid organic-inorganic hybrid polymer electrolyte containing lithium ions. The product shows high strength conductivity and lithium transference values. Further, the product can be self-organized into nanometer scale plates and rods paving the way to making lithium conducting cables for example and hence batteries of nanometer size.

Abstract: Composite polymer electrolytes for use in alkali-metal based electrochemical devices, which electrolytes contain chopped electrically non-conductive fibers in an electrolyte slurry which has been cured on a release tape and then pressed onto an electrode, or which slurry is coated directly onto said electrode, and then cured.

Abstract: A composite membrane structure is disclosed comprising a composite membrane and at least one protective layer disposed adjacent to the composite membrane. The composite membrane comprises a porous polymeric matrix and an ionically conductive solid, noble metal or combination thereof dispersed within the matrix, and preferably, a binder. The binder is preferably an ion exchange polymer. The protective layer comprises binder and ionically conductive solid, hygroscopic fine powder or a combination thereof. Also disclosed is a composite membrane comprising an ionically conductive solid, a binder and support polymer. The membrane is formed by casting a solution of the support polymer, ionically conductive solid and binder to form a film. The film may optionally be combined with a protective layer as described above.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte for an electrochemical device. This electrolyte includes a first compound that is an ionic metal complex represented by the general formula (1); and at least one compound selected from special second to fourth compounds, fifth to ninth compounds respectively represented by the general formulas Aa+(PF6−)a, Aa+(ClO4−)a, Aa+(BF4−)a, Aa+(AsF6−)a, and Aa+(SbF6−)a, and special tenth to twelfth compounds, The electrolyte is superior in cycle characteristics and shelf life as compared with conventional electrolytes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for preparing a lithium polymer secondary battery which comprises a step of direct coating of a plasticized and crosslinked polymer electrolyte onto a lithium electrode. The process for preparing a lithium polymer secondary battery comprises the steps of: (i) dissolving a mixture of a crosslinking agent and a monomer in a molar ratio of 1:1 to 1:11 in a liquid electrolyte of 100 to 400%(w/w) to obtain a polymer electrolyte; (ii) applying the polymer electrolyte onto one side of a lithium electrode and treating with heat or UV to obtain a polymer-coated electrode; and, (iii) bonding the polymer-coated electrode to a positive electrode. In accordance with the present invention, a lithium polymer secondary battery with an improved interfacial stability between a lithium electrode and a polymer electrolyte can be prepared in a simple manner, which makes possible its wide application in the development of lithium polymer secondary battery.

Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery having an electrode body including a positive electrode made of a positive electrode active material layer joined to a current collector, a negative electrode made of a negative electrode active material layer joined to a current collector, a separator which is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and retains an electrolytic solution containing lithium ions, and a porous adhesive resin layer which retains the electrolytic solution and joins the separator to at least one of the positive electrode active material layer and to the negative electrode active material layer, the electrode body being sealed into a packaging bag, wherein an adhesive resin film capable of absorbing the electrolytic solution and gelling adheres the electrode body to the packaging bag.

Abstract: In a solid polymer electrolyte membrane with an ion exchangeability employed in a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell, an anion group is partially combined with the solid polymer membrane.

Abstract: The invention includes compositions comprising at least first and second polymers and optionally a third polymer wherein acid subunits, basic subunits and elastomeric subunits are contained in the polymers. In one aspect, the composition comprises a ternary polymer blend comprising an acidic polymer comprising acidic subunits, a basic polymer comprising basic subunits and an elastomeric polymer comprising elastomeric subunits. In an alternate aspect, the composition comprises a binary polymer blend which comprises acidic or basic subunits in one polymer and a copolymer comprising the other of the acidic or basic subunit and an elastomeric subunit. Such polymer compositions may be formed into a membrane having electrochemical properties which permit the use of such a membrane in an electrochemical device.

Abstract: This invention provides alkali ion conducting polymer electrolytes with high ionic conductivity and elastomeric properties suitable for use in high energy batteries. The polymer electrolytes are cyclic carbonate-containing polysiloxanes that can be modified with a cross linker or chain extender, and an alkali metal ion-containing material dissolved in the carbonate-containing polysiloxane. The cyclic carbonate-containing polysiloxanes may be prepared by reacting derivatized polysiloxanes with chain extending and/or crosslinking agents. The invention also provides batteries prepared by contacting an alkali metal anode with an alkali metal intercalating cathode and an alkali ion-conducting polymer electrolyte. As one example, polymers prepared from poly {3[2,3-(carbonyldioxy)propoxy]propyl]methyl siloxane, a polysiloxane with cyclic carbonate side chains, have shown promising results for battery applications.

Abstract: A lithium battery having a separator capable of storing excess lithium ions. As lithium ions are irreversibly adsorbed by the battery electrodes, they are replenished from the excess lithium stored in the separator material, thereby extending battery life. In an example of the present invention, molecular sieves, such as 13X molecular sieves, are used as the separator material. Molecular sieves are hydroscopic and therefore also react with moisture in the battery, thereby reducing cell impedance.

Abstract: A non-liquid electrolyte containing electrochemical cell which operates efficiently at room temperature. The cell includes: (a) a non-liquid electrolyte (14) in which protons are mobile; (b) an anode (10) including an active material based on the organic compound which is a source of protons during cell discharge; and (c) a solid cathode (12) including a compound which forms an electrochemical couple with the anode. The active materials can be chosen so that the cell has the feature that the electrochemical reactions at the anode and cathode are at least partially reversible. An important feature of the cell is that no thermal activation is required for its operation. Therefore, the cell efficiently operates under ambient temperatures.

Abstract: A light harvesting array useful for the manufacture of devices such as solar cells comprises: (a) a first substrate comprising a first electrode; and (b) a layer of light harvesting rods electrically coupled to the first electrode, each of the light harvesting rods comprising a polymer of Formula I: X1&Parenopenst;Xm+1)m  (I) wherein m is at least 1, and may be from two, three or four to 20 or more; X1 is a charge separation group (and preferably a porphyrinic macrocycle, which may be one ligand of a double-decker sandwich compound) having an excited-state of energy equal to or lower than that of X2, and X2 through Xm+1 are chromophores (and again are preferably porphyrinic macrocycles).