Abstract: There are provided glass-ceramics having a high lithium ion conductivity which include in mol %: 1 P2O5 38-40% TiO2 25-45% M2O3 (where M is Al or Ga)  5-15% Li2O 10-20%

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium-ion cell capable of being discharged to deliver high power pulses sufficient for implantable defibrillation applications and the like, is described. The cell is housed in a casing having an external volume of 5 cm3, or less. Both the negative and positive electrodes are less than about 0.15 mm in total thickness. Negative and positive electrodes of a reduced thickness provide the cell with high electrode surface area relative to its volume. As such, the present cell is capable of providing pulses in excess of 30C with minimal voltage drop.

Abstract: The non-aqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention has a negative electrode comprising metallic lithium, a lithium alloy or a material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium; a positive electrode; a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising a solvent and a solute dissolved in the solvent, wherein the above non-aqueous electrolyte contains at least one additive selected from phthalimide, derivative of phthalimide, phthalimidine, derivative of phthalimidine, tetrahydrophthalimide and derivative of tetrahydrophthalimide. On account of the effect of the above additive, the nonaqueous electrolyte battery of the present invention is not liable to cause an increase in the internal resistance during a long-term storage at high temperatures, and the charge/discharge cycle characteristics are improved in a secondary battery.

Abstract: In a non-aqueous electrolyte comprising an organic solvent and a solute dissolved in the organic solvent, a lithium salt containing at least one organic anion selected from phthalimide, a derivative of phthalimide, phthalimidine and a derivative of phthalimidine is used as the solute. Such non-aqueous electrolyte is not liable to react with the negative electrode in a primary battery and a secondary battery during a long-term storage at high temperatures. As a consequence, by using this non-aqueous electrolyte, a non-aqueous electrolyte battery having an excellent storage property can be obtained; and the charge/discharge cycle characteristics are improved in a secondary battery.

Abstract: Provided are a polymeric gel electrolyte comprising a lithium salt, an organic solvent and a thermal curing product of a composition having a terpolymer having a repeating unit represented by formula (1), a repeating unit represented by formula (2) and a repeating unit represented by formula (3): wherein n is an integer from 1 to 12, and R is a C1 to C12 alkyl group, and a lithium battery employing the polymeric electrolyte. Use of a polymeric gel electrolyte according to the present invention can effectively suppress swelling due to an electrolytic solution, and a lithium battery which can prevent reliability and safety from being lowered due to the swelling, can be attained.

Abstract: An electrolyte for a lithium battery includes a non-aqueous organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive comprising a) a compound represented by the following Formula (1), and b) a compound selected from the group consisting of a sulfone-based compound, a poly(ester)(metha)acrylate, a polymer of poly(ester)(metha)acrylate, and a mixture thereof: 1

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte battery free from considerable change in the structure of a positive electrode active material thereof to enlarge the capacity thereof, incorporating a positive electrode containing a positive-electrode active material; a negative electrode containing a negative-electrode active material to which Li can be doped/dedoped; and a non-aqueous electrolyte disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and containing non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte, wherein a material expressed by general formula LiMn1−yAlyO2 (0.06≦y<0.25) is contained as the positive-electrode active material and LiMn1−yAlyO2 has a crystalline structure expressed by spatial group C2/m.

Abstract: An improved lithium-ion or lithium-polymer battery that is capacity-fade resistant. The battery includes an anode comprised of graphite where density of the graphite is in a range from 1.2 to 1.5 g/c3; and the battery further has a cathode that is comprised of LiNiO2 present at a density in a range from 3.0 to 3.3 g/c3. The battery also includes an electrolyte and a separator between the anode and cathode, and the separator is coated with PVDF such that the anode, cathode, and separator are held together to form the electricity-producing battery. The ratio by weight of LiNiO2 to graphite present in the battery is preferably no greater than 2.0 to 1.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte lithium secondary cell comprising a positive electrode (1), a negative electrode (2) and a nonaqueous electrolyte containing a lithium salt is characterized by that the nonaqueous electrolyte contains a room temperature molten salt as a main component, a material wherein a working potential of the negative electrode (2) is nobler by above 1V than a potential of a metallic lithium is used for a negative active material of the negative electrode. This nonaqueous electrolyte lithium secondary cell has excellent safety and cell performance.

Abstract: A lighting system (10) suited to use in an operating theater includes one or more lightheads (14, 16), and an ambient lighting system (28) comprising one or more light emitting components (60). The light emitting components are mounted within a canopy assembly (49) of the lighthead and arranged around a central support hub (33) to provide even illumination throughout the room. The canopy assembly includes a canopy and a canopy extension (70, 70′), which is removably mounted to the canopy, allowing the ambient lighting system to be retrofitted to an existing lighting system.

Abstract: A composite electrolyte comprises an inorganic clay material and a dielectric solution having a dielectric constant ranging from about 50 to about 85. The composite electrolyte has an ion transference number ranging from about 0.80 to about 1.00. An electrode comprises a component selected from the group consisting of an inorganic clay filler, a polymer, and mixtures thereof. Batteries and electrochemical cells comprising the above composite electrolytes and electrodes are also disclosed.

Abstract: An anhydrous inorganic gel-polymer electrolyte is prepared using a non-aqueous sol-gel process. The inorganic gel-polymer is prepared by reacting a metal halide (SiCl4) and an alcohol (tert-butyl alcohol) in a diluent solution containing a lithium salt (lithium bisperfluoroethanesulfonimide) and at least one carbonate. The resulting porous silicon oxide network encapsulates the liquid electrolyte. The gel polymer electrolyte can serve as both a separator and an electrolyte in a Li-ion cell. The material is stable and has demonstrated minimal flammability. Lithium-ion electrochemical cells made with the inorganic gel-polymer electrolyte function similarly to Li-ion cells made with a liquid electrolyte. The cells have low capacity fade, 0.69%, and low irreversible capacity, 7.6%.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium battery includes a lithium-aluminum-manganese alloy negative electrode containing lithium as active material, a positive electrode, and a nonaqueous liquid electrolyte containing a solvent, a solute and at least one additive selected from trialkyl phosphite, trialkyl phosphate, trialkyl borate, dialkyl sulfate and dialkyl sulfite.

Abstract: The present invention includes lithium cobalt oxides having hexagonal layered crystal structures and methods of making same. The lithium cobalt oxides of the invention have the formula LiwCo1−xAxO2+y wherein 0.96≦w≦1.05, 0≦x≦0.05, −0.02≦y≦0.02 and A is one or more dopants. The lithium cobalt oxides of the invention preferably have a position within the principal component space defined by the relationship axi+byi≦c, wherein xi={right arrow over (S)}i&Circlesolid;{right arrow over (P)}c1; yi={right arrow over (S)}i&Circlesolid;{right arrow over (P)}c2; the vector {right arrow over (S)}i is the x-ray spectrum for the LiwCo1−xAxO2+y compound; the vectors {right arrow over (P)}c1 and {right arrow over (P)}c2 defining the principal component space are determined by measuring the x-ray powder diffraction values {right arrow over (S)}i between 15° and 120° using a 0.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell of either a primary or a secondary chemistry, is described. In either case, the cell has a negative electrode of lithium or of an anode material which is capable of intercalating and de-intercalating lithium coupled with a positive electrode of a cathode active material. A nitrate compound is mixed with either the anode material or the cathode active material prior to contact with its current collector. The resulting electrode couple is activated by a nonaqueous electrolyte. The electrolyte flows into and throughout the electrodes causing the nitrate additive to dissolve in the electrolyte. The nitrate solute is then able to contact the lithium to provide an electrically insulating and ionically conducting passivation layer thereon.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of salt-based compounds as additives in electrolytes for improving the properties of electrochemical cells.

Abstract: This invention is in solid polymer-based electrolytes for battery applications. It uses molecular composite technology, coupled with unique preparation techniques to render a self-doped, stabilized electrolyte material suitable for inclusion in both primary and secondary batteries. In particular, a salt is incorporated in a nano-composite material formed by the in situ catalyzed condensation of a ceramic precursor in the presence of a solvated polymer material, utilizing a condensation agent comprised of at least one cation amenable to SPE applications. As such, the counterion in the condensation agent used in the formation of the molecular composite is already present as the electrolyte matrix develops.

Abstract: An electrolyte for an electrochemical cell consisting of a di-lithium phthalocyanine.

Abstract: The invention is directed at an ion-conductive solid polymer-forming composition, a binder resin and an ion-conductive solid polymer electrolyte comprising (A) a polymeric compound containing polyvinyl alcohol units and having an average degree of polymerization of at least 20, in which compound some or all of the hydroxyl groups on the polyvinyl alcohol units are substituted with oxyalkylene-containing groups to an average molar substitution of at least 0.3, (B) an ion-conductive salt, and (C) a compound having crosslinkable functional groups. The composition and the polymer electrolyte obtained therefrom have a high ionic conductivity and a high tackiness. Moreover, the polymer electrolyte has a semi-interpenetrating polymer network structure, giving it excellent shape retention.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell of either a primary or a secondary chemistry, is described. In either case, the cell has a negative electrode of lithium or of an anode material which is capable of intercalating and de-intercalating lithium coupled with a positive electrode of a cathode active material. A phosphonate compound is mixed with either the anode material or the cathode active material prior to contact with its current collector. The resulting electrode couple is activated by a non-aqueous electrolyte. The electrolyte flows into and throughout the electrodes causing the phosphonate additive to dissolve in the electrolyte. The phosphonate solute is then able to contact the lithium to provide an electrically insulating and ionically conducting passivation layer thereon.

Abstract: The invention provides a novel polymeric compound comprising polyvinyl alcohol units and having an average degree of polymerization of at least 20, in which some or all of the hydroxyl groups on the polyvinyl alcohol units are substituted with oxyalkylene-containing groups to an average molar substitution of at least 0.3; a binder resin composed of this polymeric compound; an ion-conductive polymer electrolyte composition having a high ionic conductivity and high tackiness which lends itself well to use as a solid polymer electrolyte in film-type cells and related applications; and a secondary cell.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell of either a primary or a secondary chemistry, is described. In either case, the cell has a negative electrode of lithium or of an anode material which is capable of intercalating and de-intercalating lithium coupled with a positive electrode of a cathode active material. A nitrite compound is mixed with either the anode material or the cathode active material prior to contact with its current collector. The resulting electrode couple is activated by a non-aqueous electrolyte. The electrolyte flows into and throughout the electrodes causing the nitrite compound to dissolve in the electrolyte. The nitrite solute is then able to contact the lithium to provide an electrically insulating and ionically conducting passivation layer thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method of preparing a polymer electrolyte composition and a method of manufacturing a lithium secondary battery employing the same. A polymer mixture including a) a polymer mixture including polyvinylidene fluoride-based polymer and b) at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyacrylonitrile and polymethyl methacrylate are mixed with a solvent in which a lithium salt is dissolved. The mixing ratio of the polymer mixture and the solvent is 1: 3-10. Thus obtained first mixture is stirred at a room temperature for 1-48 hours. Then, thus obtained second mixture is heated at 60-250° C. for 5 minutes-6 hours while stirring to prepare a polymer electrolyte composition. This composition is coated on at least one substrate selected from a group consisting of a molded film, an anode and a cathode and then dried. The polymer electrolyte has a good mechanical strength and the lithium secondary battery has a stable charge/discharge characteristic and a high capacity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing lithium complex salts and their intermediaries and to the use of these in electrolytes.

Abstract: An electrolyte comprising a cationic species disposed in a polyoxometalate network. A composition comprising cationic species and polyoxometalate anionic species, wherein the polyoxometalate anionic species are coupled through a network of bridge ligands. An apparatus comprising a first electrode and a second electrode; a current collector coupled to one of the first and the second electrode; and an electrolyte disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrolyte comprising a cationic species disposed in a polyoxometalate network.

Abstract: A thermal battery of the type heated to an operated temperature, which comprises a number a stacked cell. Each cell includes an anode with a lithium compound, a lithium free pyrotechnic heat source with a cathode precursor, and an all lithium separator separating between the anode and the pyrotechnic heat source.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte containing a non-aqueous solvent, an electrolyte salt dissolved therein and a tert-butylbenzene derivative having the formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 independently represent a hydrogen atom or C1 to C12 hydrocarbon group and a lithium secondary battery using the same.

Abstract: An organic electrolyte containing an organic solvent mixture and a lithium salt, wherein the organic solvent mixture includes 20 to 60% by volume of ethylene carbonate, 5 to 30% by volume of polypropylene carbonate, and 20 to 70% by volume of chain carbonate. The organic electrolyte improves charge/discharge cycle characteristics while maintaining high discharge capacity and low-temperature discharge characteristics.

Abstract: An organic electrolyte and polymer is provided wherein diffusivity of mobile ions is enhanced; and a lithium primary battery, lithium secondary battery, polymer secondary battery, and electrochemical capacitor, is provided which have increased capacities at a low temperature. A non-aqueous electrolyte and polymer electrolyte, wherein a fluorinated solvent having a fluorinated alkyl group, of which the terminal end structure is an unsymmetrical structure, is mixed with the electrolyte, is provided for use in various applications.

Abstract: An ionic conducting device comprising a nanostructured material layer. The nanostructured layer has a microstructure confined to a size less than 100 nm. The ion conductivity of the nanostructured layer is higher than the ion conductivity of a layer of equivalent composition and size having a micron-sized microstructure.

Abstract: In a lithium secondary battery provided with a positive electrode capable of intercalating and eliminating lithium ions, a negative electrode capable of intercalating and eliminating lithium ions, and an electrolyte, at least one of an imide group lithium salt represented by LiN(CmF2m+1SO2)(CnF2n+1SO2) (wherein m and n each denote an integer of 1 to 4 and may be the same or different from each other) and a methide group lithium salt represented by LiC(CpF2p+1SO2)(CqF2q+1SO2)(CrF2r+1SO2) (wherein p, q, and r each denote an integer of 1 to 4 and may be the same or different from each other) is contained as a chief component of a solute in the electrolyte, and one of or both of a fluoride and a phosphorus compound are added to the electrolyte.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte for an electrochemical device. This electrolyte includes an ionic metal complex represented by the general formula (1): wherein M is an element of groups 3-15 of the periodic table; Aa+ represents a metal ion, onium ion or proton; X1 represents O, S or NR5R6; each of R1 and R2 independently represents H, a halogen, a C1-C10 alkyl group or C1-C10 halogenated alkyl group; R3 represents a C1-C10 alkylene group, C1-C10 halogenated alkylene group, C4-C20 aryl group or C4-C20 halogenated aryl group; R4 represents a halogen, C1-C10 alkyl group, C1-C10 halogenated alkyl group, C4-C20 aryl group, C4-C20 halogenated aryl group or X2R7; X2 represents O, S or NR5R6; each of R5 and R6 represents H or a C1-C10 alkyl group; and R7 represents a C1-C10 alkyl group, C1-C10 halogenated alkyl group, C4-C20 aryl group or C4-C20 halogenated aryl group. The electrolyte has high heat resistance and hydrolysis resistance as compared with conventional electrolytes.

Abstract: Lithium ion conductive glass-ceramics comprise in mol %: P2O5 30-45% SiO2 0-15% GeO2 + TiO2 25-50% in which GeO2 0-50% TiO2 0-50% ZrO2 0-8% M2O3 0<-10% where M is an element or elements selected from the group consisting of In, Fe, Cr, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu Al2O3 0-12% Ga2O3 0-12% Li2O 10-25% and contain Li1+X(M, Al, Ga)X(Ge1−YTiY)2−X(PO4)3 (where 0<X≦0.8 and 0≦Y≦1.0) as a predominant crystal phase. A solid electrolyte, an electric cell and a gas sensor utilizing these glass-ceramics are also provided.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery cell (10) having high operating voltage and significantly increased specific capacity comprises a positive electrode member (13), a negative electrode member (17), and an interposed separator member (15) containing an electrolyte comprising a solution of a polyvalent aluminum cation solute in a non-aqueous solvent. The positive electrode member comprises an active material which reversibly takes up and releases the reactive polyvalent cation species during operation of the cell while the active material of the negative electrode contemporaneously reversibly releases into and takes up from the electrolyte solvent a monovalent cation species. Preferred cation species are those of aluminum, such as Al3+, and alkali metals, such as Li+.

Abstract: There is provided a glass-ceramic composite electrolyte including a medium containing glass-ceramic powder impregnated with a non-aqueous electrolytic solution. There is also provided a lithium secondary cell having a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a separator in which the separator includes the above described composite electrolyte. The glass-ceramic powder consists of grains having an average grain diameter of 20 &mgr;m or below (calculated on the basis of volume), a maximum grain diameter of 44 &mgr;m or below and lithium ion conductivity of 1×10−4S·cm−1 or over. The glass-ceramic composite electrolyte has thickness of 100 &mgr;m or below and lithium ion conductivity of 1×10−5S·cm−1 or over.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing an atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition grown lithium ion conducting electrolyte component of a thin film battery. The thin film battery generally includes a substrate, a sequentially deposited ensemble of thin film layers including at least one current collector, and an electrolyte sandwiched between a cathode and an anode. The current collecting layer may be positioned on a portion of the substrate to allow good electrical contact with the anode or cathode and an external charging device. A protective coating may be placed over the thin film battery to protect the battery from deterioration when exposed to atmospheric conditions, elevated temperatures and certain manufacturing processes. A process involving preparation of a solution including volatile lithium, aluminum and phosphorus compounds that is sprayed onto a heated substrate containing a thin film layer current collector makes the electrolyte thin film layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrolyte for an electrochemical device. This electrolyte includes a first compound that is an ionic metal complex represented by the general formula (1); and at least one compound selected from special second to fourth compounds, fifth to ninth compounds respectively represented by the general formulas Aa+(PF6−)a, Aa+(ClO4−)a, Aa+(BF4−)a, Aa+(AsF6−)a, and Aa+(SbF6−)a, and special tenth to twelfth compounds, The electrolyte is superior in cycle characteristics and shelf life as compared with conventional electrolytes.

Abstract: A lithium-ion battery having an anode electrode, a cathode electrode and a non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte. At least one cyclophosphazene is added to the non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte, which cyclophosphazene acts as a flame-retardant material. The non-aqueous solvent lithium electrolyte is preferably a carbonate-based electrolyte and the preferred cyclophosphazene is hexamethoxycyclotriphosphazene.

Abstract: In a lithium secondary battery comprising a chargeable and dischargeable positive electrode, a chargeable and dischargeable negative electrode and an electrolyte, wherein at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode comprises a lithium-containing halide having a spinel structure or spinel analogous structure, the lithium-containing halide having a spinel structure or spinel analogous structure having a high ion bonding property is dissolved into an electrolyte obtained by dissolving a salt into an organic solvent. In the secondary battery of the present invention, since a lithium ion conductive inorganic solid electrolyte is used as an electrolyte, there can be obtained a chargeable and dischargeable lithium battery in which at least one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode comprises a lithium-containing halide having a spinel structure or a spinel analogous structure.

Abstract: This invention includes a polyelectrolytic gel comprising a polymer component and a nonaqueous solvent, characterized in that the polymer component is a crosslinked polymer having nitrogen-containing cationic functional group or a mixture of a non-crosslinked polymer having nitrogen-containing cationic functional group and a crosslinked polymer free of nitrogen-containing cationic functional group, the polymer component being swollen with the nonaqueous solvent containing an electrolyte dissolved therein. The electrolytic gel of the invention is excellent in heat resistance and durability and also in electroconductivity, especially ion conductivity.

Abstract: An alkali metal, solid cathode, nonaqueous electrochemical cell capable of delivering high current pulses, rapidly recovering its open circuit voltage and having high current capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one organic sulfite additive to an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a mixture of a low viscosity solvent and a high permittivity solvent. A preferred solvent mixture includes propylene carbonate, dimethoxyethane and a sulfite additive having at least one unsaturated hydrocarbon containing a C(sp2 or sp3)—C(sp3) bond unit having the C(sp3) carbon directly connected to the —OSO2— functional group.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte includes a crosslinking agent, a poly(alkylene glycol) alkyl ether alkyl (meth)acrylate, a lithium salt and a curing initiator. The crosslinking agent includes a compound represented by formula (I): wherein A is oxygen, COO, alkyl of C1-4, or a single bond, R is a 6-membered aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group, Ra, Rb and Rc independently are a linear or branched alkyl group of C1-10, Rd, Re and Rf independently are H or a methyl group, and p, q and r independently are an integer of 1 from 20. The poly(alkylene glycol) alkyl ether alkyl (meth)acrylate is represented by formula (II) wherein R1 and R2 independently are a linear or branched aliphatic or aromatic group of C1-10, R3, X, Y, Z independently are H or a methyl group, and p, q and r independently are an integer from 1 to 20.

Abstract: Conventional batteries are disadvantageous in that a firm outer case must be used to maintain an electrical connection between electrodes, which has been an obstacle to size reduction. Those in which each electrode and a separator are joined with an adhesive resin suffer from conflict between adhesive strength and battery characteristics. To solve these problems, it is an object of the invention to provide a battery which requires no outer case so as to realize reduction in thickness and weight and yet exhibits excellence in both battery characteristics and adhesive strength. A positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator are joined via an adhesive resin layer having at least one adhesive resin layer containing a filler. The adhesive resin layer has pores, which are filled with an electrolytic solution to exhibit sufficient ion conductivity thereby to improve battery characteristics and to retain adhesive strength.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of removing water and a free acids content in an electrolytic solution for a lithium battery, and to an electrolytic solution for a lithium battery having a low water content and acids content. The present method is characterized by comprising steps of (a) leading an inert gas through the solvent having a water content of 100 ppm or lower under heating of the solvent to vaporize water together with the solvent to thereby reduce the water content of the solvent, and (b) dissolving the lithium electrolyte in the solvent while maintaining a temperature of the solvent at 20° C. or lower. The present method can make the water content at most 3 ppm and the free acids content less than 1 ppm.

Abstract: A secondary battery comprises a negative electrode and a positive electrode which oppose each other and an ion conductive member which includes a layered or columnar structure (ion channels) in its matrix and which is sandwiched between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery that can suppress short circuits caused by the generation of dendrites from the negative electrode, that has high energy density, and that is excellent in charge and discharge-cycle performance. The lithium secondary battery comprises an electrolytic layer, a positive electrode, and a negative electrode that is made of a lithium-containing material. The electrolytic layer is made of an inorganic solid electrolyte. The positive electrode contains an organic high polymer. It is desirable that the electrolytic layer contain at least one type selected from the group consisting of oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, sulfide, and oxynitride. It is also desirable that the organic electrolysis solution contained in the positive electrode have a lithium ion-conductivity lower than that of the inorganic solid electrolyte constituting the electrolytic layer.

Abstract: A combined battery and wireless-communications apparatus and method. In some embodiments, the apparatus includes a support, a first conductive layer deposited on a first surface area of the support, a thin-film battery including a cathode layer, a solid-state electrolyte layer, and an anode layer deposited such that either the anode layer or the cathode layer is in electrical contact with the first conductive layer, an antenna mounted to the support structure, and an electronic communications circuit mounted to the support and electrically coupled to the battery and the antenna to transceive radio communications. Other embodiments include an energy-receiving device mounted to the support structure, and an electronic communications circuit mounted to the support structure and including a recharging circuit, the recharging circuit electrically coupled to the battery and the energy-receiving device to recharge the battery using energy received by the energy-receiving device.

Abstract: A lithium ion electrochemical cell having high charge/discharge capacity, long cycle life and exhibiting a reduced first cycle irreversible capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one sulfite additive to an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a solvent mixture that includes ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate. The preferred additive is an alkyl sulfite compound.

Abstract: A lithium ion electrochemical cell having high charge/discharge capacity, long cycle life and exhibiting a reduced first cycle irreversible capacity, is described. The stated benefits are realized by the addition of at least one sulfate additive to an electrolyte comprising an alkali metal salt dissolved in a solvent mixture that includes ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethylmethyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate. The preferred additive is selected from a silyl sulfate, tin sulfate or an organic sulfate.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for fabrication of highly textured lithium cobalt oxide films by rapid thermal annealing. A method of forming a lithium cobalt oxide film includes depositing a film of lithium cobalt oxide on a substrate; rapidly heating the film of lithium cobalt oxide to a target temperature; and maintaining the film of lithium cobalt oxide at the target temperature for a target annealing time of at most, approximately 60 minutes. The systems and methods provide advantages because they require less time to implement and are, therefore less costly than previous techniques.