The Alkali Metal Is Lithium Patents (Class 429/322)
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Patent number: 7781102Abstract: Electrodes comprising an alkali metal, for example, lithium, alloyed with nanostructured materials of formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z?1; formula SizGe(z-1), where 0<z<1; and/or germanium exhibit a combination of improved capacities, cycle lives, and/or cycling rates compared with similar electrodes made from graphite. These electrodes are useful as anodes for secondary electrochemical cells, for example, batteries and electrochemical supercapacitors.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 2004Date of Patent: August 24, 2010Assignees: California Institute of Technology, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.)Inventors: Jason A. Graetz, Brent T. Fultz, Channing Ahn, Rachid Yazami
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Patent number: 7776478Abstract: A method and apparatus for making thin-film batteries having composite multi-layered electrolytes with soft electrolyte between hard electrolyte covering the negative and/or positive electrode, and the resulting batteries. In some embodiments, foil-core cathode sheets each having a cathode material (e.g., LiCoO2) covered by a hard electrolyte on both sides, and foil-core anode sheets having an anode material (e.g., lithium metal) covered by a hard electrolyte on both sides, are laminated using a soft (e.g., polymer gel) electrolyte sandwiched between alternating cathode and anode sheets. A hard glass-like electrolyte layer obtains a smooth hard positive-electrode lithium-metal layer upon charging, but when very thin, have randomly spaced pinholes/defects. When the hard layers are formed on both the positive and negative electrodes, one electrode's dendrite-short-causing defects on are not aligned with the other electrode's defects.Type: GrantFiled: July 17, 2006Date of Patent: August 17, 2010Assignee: Cymbet CorporationInventor: Jody J. Klaassen
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Patent number: 7771880Abstract: A solid composite electrolyte membrane for use in a lithium battery is provided which exhibits a conductivity ranging from about 10?4 S cm?1 to about 10?3 S cm?1 at ambient temperature. The membrane is formed by providing a glass or glass-ceramic powder formed from a mixture of lithium carbonate, alumina, titanium dioxide, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The powder is mixed with a conditioning agent and at least one solvent, followed by the addition of a binder and one or more plasticizers. The resulting slurry is cast into a tape which is then subjected to a binder burn-off and sintering process to form the membrane. The resulting membrane may be a glass-ceramic composite having a porosity ranging from 0 to 50%, or the membrane may be further infiltrated with a polymer to form a water-impermeable polymeric-ceramic composite membrane.Type: GrantFiled: November 20, 2006Date of Patent: August 10, 2010Assignee: University of DaytonInventors: Binod Kumar, Joykumar Singh Thokchom
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Patent number: 7771496Abstract: A method of a reducing impurities in an electrolyte includes contacting one or more components of an electrolyte with a zeolite. The method also includes activating one or more anode and one or more cathodes with the electrolyte. Contacting the one or more components with the zeolite can include contacting the electrolyte with the zeolite. In some instances, the method includes preparing the electrolyte after contacting the one or more components of the electrolyte with the zeolite.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 2005Date of Patent: August 10, 2010Assignee: Quallion LLCInventors: Hiroshi Nakahara, Sang Young Yoon
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Patent number: 7767349Abstract: Alloy compositions are described for use in anodes of lithium ion batteries. The alloy compositions contain (a) tin, (b) a second element that includes silicon, aluminum, or a combination thereof, (c) a third element that includes yttrium, a lanthanide element, an actinide element, or a combination thereof and an optional alkaline earth element, and (d) an optional transition metal. The alloy compositions are amorphous and remain amorphous even after multiple cycles of lithiation and delithiation.Type: GrantFiled: March 23, 2006Date of Patent: August 3, 2010Assignee: 3M Innovative Properties CompanyInventors: Mark N. Obrovac, Jeffrey R. Dahn, Richard Mar, Michael D. Fleischauer
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Publication number: 20100151335Abstract: A solid electrolyte sheet including: 80 to 99 wt % of an inorganic solid electrolyte, and 1 to 20 wt % of a binder; the inorganic solid electrolyte being obtainable by firing a raw material containing lithium sulfide (Li2S) with phosphorus pentasulfide (P2S5), or elemental phosphorus and elemental sulfur.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 27, 2006Publication date: June 17, 2010Applicant: Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.Inventors: Minoru Senga, Yoshikatsu Seino
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Patent number: 7736811Abstract: A solid electrolyte of the present invention is represented by a general formula: LiaPbMcOdNe, where M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Ge, Al, C, Ga and S, and a, b, c, d and e respectively satisfy a=0.62 to 4.98, b=0.01 to 0.99, c=0.01 to 0.99, d=1.070 to 3.985, e=0.01 to 0.50, and b+c=1.0. The solid electrolyte hardly deteriorates in a wet atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 2004Date of Patent: June 15, 2010Assignee: Panasonic CorporationInventors: Masaya Ugaji, Shinji Mino, Yasuyuki Shibano, Shuji Ito
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Publication number: 20100143769Abstract: Provided herein are methods for manufacturing lithium-metal anode [18] assemblies for thin-film, thick-film and hulk secondary batteries that use liquid or gel-type electrolytes [14], and lithium-metal anode [18] assemblies for thick-film and bulk secondary batteries that use solid electrolytes [18]. These methods involve electrolytic formation of a lithium metal anode [18] between a protecting lithium-stable, solid electrolyte [18] material and an eieethcaiiy-Gonductive substance [20]. Secondary lithium_ batteries made by these methods aw also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 11, 2007Publication date: June 10, 2010Applicant: Midwest Research InstituteInventors: Se-Hee Lee, Edwin C. Tracy, John Roland Pitts
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Patent number: 7722988Abstract: A lithium electrochemical cell design incorporating a low molality electrolyte including LiI is disclosed. The resulting cell delivers excellent performance under a wide range of temperatures, conditions and drain rates.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2008Date of Patent: May 25, 2010Assignee: Eveready Battery Company, Inc.Inventor: Andrew Webber
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Publication number: 20100112457Abstract: Electrochemical energy sources based on solid-state electrolytes are known in the art. These (planar) energy sources, or solid-state batteries, efficiently convert chemical energy into electrical energy and can be used as the power sources for portable electronics. The invention relates to an improved electrochemical energy source. The invention also relates to an electronic device provided with such an electrochemical energy source.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 27, 2008Publication date: May 6, 2010Applicant: KONINKLIJKE PHILIPS ELECTRONICS N.V.Inventors: Rogier Adrianus Henrica Niessen, Petrus Henricus Laurentius Notten
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Publication number: 20100104948Abstract: Provided is an anode for use in electrochemical cells, wherein the anode active layer has a first layer comprising lithium metal and a multi-layer structure comprising single ion conducting layers and polymer layers in contact with the first layer comprising lithium metal or in contact with an intermediate protective layer, such as a temporary protective metal layer, on the surface of the lithium-containing first layer. Another aspect of the invention provides an anode active layer formed by the in-situ deposition of lithium vapor and a reactive gas. The anodes of the current invention are particularly useful in electrochemical cells comprising sulfur-containing cathode active materials, such as elemental sulfur.Type: ApplicationFiled: July 25, 2008Publication date: April 29, 2010Applicant: Sion Power CorporationInventors: Terje A. Skotheim, Christopher J. Sheehan, Yuriy V. Mikhaylik, John Affinito
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Patent number: 7704639Abstract: A process for preparing membranes formed by (per) fluorinated ionomeric electrolytes salified with the lithium ion, comprising the following steps: a) obtaining of (per) fluorinated polymer membranes, containing —SO2F groups; b) partial or complete salification of (per)fluorinated polymer membranes containing —SO2F groups with basic lithium compounds and final washing with water; c) swelling and contemporaneous drying process of membranes by dipping in a heterogeneous biphasic system of a dipolar aprotic solvent wherein insoluble solid drying agents are dispersed.Type: GrantFiled: April 25, 2003Date of Patent: April 27, 2010Assignee: Solvay Solexis S.p.A.Inventors: Walter Navarrini, Stefania Panero, Bruno Scrosati, Aldo Sanguineti
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Patent number: 7700019Abstract: A process of co-extrusion of a thin electrode sheet with a thin electrolyte polymer sheet directly onto a current collector sheet for a lithium polymer battery.Type: GrantFiled: December 2, 2003Date of Patent: April 20, 2010Assignee: Bathium Canada Inc.Inventors: Paul-André Lavoie, Richard Laliberté, Jonathan Dubé, Yvon Gagnon
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Patent number: 7691536Abstract: An air lithium battery (10) is provided having two equal halves (11) that are joined together along a centerline (12). Each half includes a substrate (13), a carbon based cathode (14), a solid electrolyte (15), an anode (16), an anode current collector (17), and end seals (19). The solid electrolyte includes alternating layers of ion conductive glass (21) and ion conductive polymer (22) materials.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2005Date of Patent: April 6, 2010Assignee: Excellatron Solid State, LLCInventor: Lonnie G. Johnson
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Publication number: 20100062343Abstract: An inorganic solid electrolytic rechargeable battery having positive and negative electrodes and an inorganic electrolyte interposed therebetween is provided. The positive and negative electrodes each contain an active material layer and a current collector layer. The positive electrode collector layer or the negative electrode collector layer is a conductive metal oxide layer. The negative electrode active material layer contains lithium metal or lithium alloys. This negative active layer may optionally be made of a material which provides an operation voltage potential of the negative electrode to be more noble than 1.0 V with respect to the potential of a metallic lithium.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 16, 2009Publication date: March 11, 2010Applicant: KABUSHIKI KAISHA TOSHIBAInventors: Koichi HARADA, Hiroki Inagaki, Seiichi Suenaga
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Patent number: 7674559Abstract: A lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having two electrodes and a separator interposed between the two electrodes, and a case for storing the electrode assembly, wherein the separator is formed by using a binder and a filler including a solid electrolyte having lithium ion conductivity. The lithium secondary battery has a separator and an electrolyte capable of increasing internal ion-conductivity. Also, a lithium secondary battery has a separator capable of safely preventing a short circuit between the electrodes in a possibly high temperature.Type: GrantFiled: April 24, 2006Date of Patent: March 9, 2010Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Jae Yun Min, Won Chull Han, Jin Hee Kim
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Publication number: 20100055573Abstract: A reverse configuration, lithium thin film battery (300) having a buried lithium anode layer (305) and process for making the same. The present invention is formed from a precursor composite structure (200) made by depositing electrolyte layer (204) onto substrate (201), followed by sequential depositions of cathode layer (203) and current collector (202) on the electrolyte layer. The precursor is subjected to an activation step, wherein a buried lithium anode layer (305) is formed via electroplating a lithium anode layer at the interface of substrate (201) and electrolyte film (204). The electroplating is accomplished by applying a current between anode current collector (201) and cathode current collector (202).Type: ApplicationFiled: November 4, 2009Publication date: March 4, 2010Applicant: Alliance for Sustainable Energy, LLCInventors: Se-Hee Lee, C. Edwin Tracy, Ping Liu
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Publication number: 20100047696Abstract: A ceramic material that can exhibit sufficient compactness and lithium (Li) conductivity to enable the use thereof as a solid electrolyte material for a lithium secondary battery and the like is provided. The ceramic material contains aluminum (Al) and has a garnet-type crystal structure or a garnet-like crystal structure containing lithium (Li), lanthanum (La), zirconium (Zr) and oxygen (O).Type: ApplicationFiled: August 19, 2009Publication date: February 25, 2010Applicant: NGK Insulators, Ltd.Inventors: Toshihiro YOSHIDA, Akihiko HONDA, Yosuke SATO
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Publication number: 20100040954Abstract: Metal complex salts may be used in lithium ion batteries. Such metal complex salts not only perform as an electrolyte salt in a lithium ion batteries with high solubility and conductivity, but also can act as redox shuttles that provide overcharge protection of individual cells in a battery pack and/or as electrolyte additives to provide other mechanisms to provide overcharge protection to lithium ion batteries. The metal complex salts have at least one aromatic ring. The aromatic moiety may be reversibly oxidized/reduced at a potential slightly higher than the working potential of the positive electrode in the lithium ion battery. The metal complex salts may also be known as overcharge protection salts.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 15, 2008Publication date: February 18, 2010Inventors: Khalil Amine, Zhengcheng Zhang, Zonghai Chen
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Patent number: 7656125Abstract: A storage voltage of a battery pack is controlled with control electronics. The storage voltage of a battery pack is sensed, and a discharge mechanism is triggered if the storage voltage is within a predetermined range of voltage, to thereby adjust the storage voltage of the battery pack to below the predetermined range of voltage, or if the storage voltage is at or above a predetermined voltage, to thereby adjust the storage voltage of the battery pack to below the predetermined voltage. Control electronics sense a storage voltage of a battery pack and trigger a discharge mechanism if the storage voltage is within a predetermined range of voltage, to thereby adjust the storage voltage of the battery pack to below the predetermined range of voltage, or if the storage voltage is at or above a predetermined voltage, to thereby adjust the storage voltage of the battery pack to below the predetermined voltage. The control electronics are coupled to an electronic device and a battery pack.Type: GrantFiled: July 14, 2006Date of Patent: February 2, 2010Assignee: Boston-Power, Inc.Inventors: Christina M. Lampe-Onnerud, Yanning Song, Richard V Chamberlain, II, Per Onnerud
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Publication number: 20090317724Abstract: Liquid-free lithium-air cells are provided which incorporate a solid electrolyte having enhanced ionic transport and catalytic activity. The solid electrolyte is positioned between a lithium anode and an oxygen cathode, and comprises a glass-ceramic and/or a polymer-ceramic electrolyte including a dielectric additive.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 17, 2009Publication date: December 24, 2009Applicant: UNIVERSITY OF DAYTONInventors: Binod Kumar, Jitendra Kumar
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Patent number: 7632607Abstract: A negative electrode for a battery has a collector, active material layer, and inorganic compound layer. The active material layer is formed on the collector. The inorganic compound layer is formed on the surface of the active material layer. The inorganic compound layer is expressed by general formula LixPTyOz or LixMOyNz. The compound composing the inorganic compound layer has lithium ion conductivity and excels in moisture resistance.Type: GrantFiled: October 14, 2005Date of Patent: December 15, 2009Assignee: Panasonic CorporationInventors: Masaya Ugaji, Shinji Mino, Yasuyuki Shibano, Shuji Ito
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Patent number: 7615316Abstract: In order to manufacture a lithium secondary battery having excellent performances in safety under overcharge condition, cycle property, electric capacity, and storage endurance, 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of a tert-alkylbenzene compound is favorably incorporated into a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising a non-aqueous solvent and an electrolyte, preferably in combination with 0.1 wt. % to 1.5 wt. % of a biphenyl compound.Type: GrantFiled: October 24, 2007Date of Patent: November 10, 2009Assignee: UBE Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Koji Abe, Yasuo Matsumori, Akira Ueki
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Patent number: 7611804Abstract: A nonaqueous secondary battery comprising an electrode body which comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode laminated with a separator interposed between them, and a nonaqueous electrolyte, wherein said negative electrode comprises graphite as a negative electrode active material, and has a coating density of at least 1.70 g/cm3, pore diameter of the maximum of less than 0.5 ?m, and the logarithmic value of differential intrusion of at least 0.14 cm3/g at the pore diameter of the maximum.Type: GrantFiled: March 30, 2005Date of Patent: November 3, 2009Assignee: Hitachi Maxell, Ltd.Inventors: Hideo Sakata, Hayato Higuchi, Fusaji Kita
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Publication number: 20090263725Abstract: A polymer that combines high ionic conductivity with the structural properties required for Li electrode stability is useful as a solid phase electrolyte for high energy density, high cycle life batteries that do not suffer from failures due to side reactions and dendrite growth on the Li electrodes, and other potential applications. The polymer electrolyte includes a linear block copolymer having a conductive linear polymer block with a molecular weight of at least 5000 Daltons, a structural linear polymer block with an elastic modulus in excess of 1×107 Pa and an ionic conductivity of at least 1×10?5 Scm?1. The electrolyte is made under dry conditions to achieve the noted characteristics.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 3, 2007Publication date: October 22, 2009Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIAInventors: Nitash Pervez Balsara, Mohit Singh, Hany Basam Eitouni, Enrique Daniel Gomez
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Publication number: 20090239152Abstract: To solve a problem that in a battery having a negative electrode having a capability of releasing a metal ion, a positive electrode for causing a liquid such as water or seawater to contribute to battery reaction, and an inorganic solid electrolyte, the inorganic solid electrolyte contacts the positive electrode for a long term, whereby a deterioration is generated from the interface between the electrolyte and the positive electrode so that the battery capacity falls or the battery cannot give a high power. The positive electrode and the inorganic solid electrolyte are not brought into contact with each other. Preferably, the interval between the positive electrode and the electrolyte is set to 0.3 nm or more.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2009Publication date: September 24, 2009Inventor: Takashi Katoh
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Publication number: 20090239153Abstract: A lithium ion conductive glass ceramics which solves a problem of low thermal stability of the related-art lithium ion conductive glass ceramics and which is high in lithium ion conductivity, high in thermal stability of a raw glass and easy for molding is provided. The amount of a specified component in a glass ceramics (raw glass) is limited to a specified range, and specifically, a ZrO2 component is incorporated in the range of from 0.5% to 2.5% in terms of % by mass on the oxide basis.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 19, 2009Publication date: September 24, 2009Inventor: Yasushi Inda
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Patent number: 7585579Abstract: An electrolyte for a metal-oxygen battery includes a non-aqueous solvent which is characterized in that the solubility of oxygen therein is at least 0.1150 cc O2/cc of solvent at STP. The electrolyte also includes an electrolyte salt dissolved in the solvent. The solvent may comprise a mixture of materials in which at least 50%, on a weight basis, of the materials have an oxygen solubility of at least 0.1760 cc O2/cc at STP. Also disclosed is a method for optimizing the composition of an electrolyte for a metal-oxygen battery by selecting the solvent for the electrolyte from those materials which will dissolve the electrolyte salt and which have a solubility for oxygen which is at least 0.1150 cc O2/cc at STP.Type: GrantFiled: July 29, 2003Date of Patent: September 8, 2009Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the ArmyInventor: Jeffrey A. Read
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Publication number: 20090197183Abstract: A solid battery includes at least either one of a positive electrode and a negative electrode comprising bars of an active material of the electrode and bars of a solid electrolyte of the electrode arranged alternately in such a manner that each of the bars of the active material of the electrode is disposed adjacent to each of the bars of the solid electrolyte of the electrode, and a solid electrolyte constituting a separator and having a plane to which the bars of the active material and the bars of the solid electrolyte of the electrode are disposed in a crossing direction. There is also provided a method for manufacturing an electrode of such solid battery.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 30, 2009Publication date: August 6, 2009Applicant: OHARA INC.Inventor: Takashi Kato
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Publication number: 20090197182Abstract: A solid state battery comprising: a solid electrolyte; a positive electrode containing an active material; and a negative electrode containing an active material is provided. The solid electrolyte is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. At least one of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material contains a metal oxide.Type: ApplicationFiled: February 3, 2009Publication date: August 6, 2009Applicant: OHARA INC.Inventor: Takashi KATOH
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Publication number: 20090197181Abstract: [Problem] A non-aqueous electrolyte battery is provided that shows good cycle performance and good storage performance under high temperature conditions and exhibits high reliability even with a battery configuration featuring high capacity. A method of manufacturing the battery is also provided.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 16, 2007Publication date: August 6, 2009Applicant: SANYO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.Inventors: Nobuhiro Sakitani, Takeshi Ogasawara, Hiroshi Minami, Naoki Imachi, Atsushi Kaiduka, Yasunori Baba, Yoshinori Kida, Shin Fujitani
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Publication number: 20090162755Abstract: The invention relates to a solid-state lithium-ion thin-film electrolyte that, compared to the current state-of-the-art thin-film electrolyte, Lipon, exhibits an equal or larger electrochemical stability window (0-5.5 V vs. Li+/Li), an equal or smaller electronic conductivity (10?14 S/cm at 25° C.), the same ideal transference number for Li+ ions (t=1.000), and a 10× higher Li+ ion conductivity at ?40° C. Latter provides thin-film batteries (TFBs) with at least a 5× higher power performance at ?40° C. over the current state-of-the-art Lipon TFBs.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 23, 2009Publication date: June 25, 2009Inventor: Bernd J. NEUDECKER
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Patent number: 7541114Abstract: In order to provide a 3V level non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery with a flat voltage and excellent cycle life at a high rate with low cost, the present invention provides a positive electrode represented by the formula: Li2±?[Me]4O8?x, wherein 0??<0.4, 0?x<2, and Me is a transition metal containing Mn and at least one selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr, Fe, Co and Cu, said active material exhibiting topotactic two-phase reactions during charge and discharge.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 2003Date of Patent: June 2, 2009Assignees: Panasonic Corporation, Osaka City UniversityInventors: Tsutomu Ohzuku, Hiroshi Yoshizawa, Masatoshi Nagayama, Hizuru Koshina
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Publication number: 20090136835Abstract: A lithium ion secondary battery comprises a case; a positive electrode foil having a current collector foil on which a positive electrode material is coated; an negative electrode film having a current collector film on which an negative electrode material is coated; a separator sandwiched between the positive electrode film and the negative electrode film, the films and the separator being arranged in multiple layers to form a group of electrodes enclosed in the case, a positive collector disc plate connected to the positive electrode side of the group of the electrodes, and an negative collector disc plate connected to the negative electrode side of the group of the electrodes. Each of the current collector foils has a non-coated portion extended along one side of the foils, a part or the entire of the non-coated portion being exposed from a side of the separator. At least one of the collector disc plate is welded to the side of the exposed non-coated portion of the group of the electrodes.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 12, 2008Publication date: May 28, 2009Inventors: Kenji Nakai, Akinori Tada, Masatsugu Arai, Kinya Aota
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Publication number: 20090104537Abstract: The invention relates to a bilayer polymer electrolyte for a lithium battery. The electrolyte comprises the layers N and P, each composed of a solid solution of an Li salt in a polymer material, the Li salt being the same in both layers, the polymer material content being at least 60% by weight, and the lithium salt content being from 5 to 25% by weight. The polymer material of the layer P contains a solvating polymer and a nonsolvating polymer, the weight ratio of the two polymers being such that the solvating polymer forms a continuous network. The polymer material of the layer N is composed of a solvating polymer and optionally a nonsolvating polymer, the weight ratio of the two polymers being such that the solvating polymer forms a continuous network, and the nonsolvating polymer does not form a continuous network.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 19, 2006Publication date: April 23, 2009Inventor: Marc Deschamps
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Patent number: 7517616Abstract: A sulfide-based inorganic solid electrolyte that suppresses the reaction between silicon sulfide and metallic lithium even when the electrolyte is in contact with metallic lithium, a method of forming the electrolyte, and a lithium battery's member and lithium secondary battery both incorporating the electrolyte. The electrolyte comprises Li, P, and S without containing Si. It is desirable that the oxygen content vary gradually from the electrolyte to the lithium-containing material at the boundary zone between the two members when analyzed by using an XPS having an analyzing chamber capable of maintaining a super-high vacuum less than 1.33×10?9 hPa and that the oxygen-containing layer on the surface of the lithium-containing material be removed nearly completely. The electrolyte can be formed such that at least part of the forming step is performed concurrently with the step for etching the surface of the substrate by irradiating the surface with inert-gas ions.Type: GrantFiled: March 8, 2006Date of Patent: April 14, 2009Assignee: Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd.Inventors: Hirokazu Kugai, Nobuhiro Ota
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Publication number: 20090092903Abstract: A solid state Li battery and an all ceramic Li-ion battery are disclosed. The all ceramic battery has a solid state battery cathode comprised of a mixture of an active cathode material, an electronically conductive material, and a solid ionically conductive material. The cathode mixture is sintered. The battery also has a solid state battery anode comprised of a mixture of an active anode material, an electronically conductive material, and a solid ionically conductive material. The anode mixture is sintered. The battery also has a solid state separator positioned between said solid state battery cathode and said solid state battery anode. In the solid state Li battery the all ceramic anode is replaced with an evaporated thin film Li metal anode.Type: ApplicationFiled: August 26, 2008Publication date: April 9, 2009Inventors: Lonnie G. Johnson, Steve Buckingham, Davorin Babic, David Johnson, Manuel Johnson
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Patent number: 7514181Abstract: The present invention relates to a solid electrolyte including Li, O, P and a transition metal element. In the solid electrolyte, because the transition metal element T is reduced prior to phosphorus atoms, it is possible to prevent the valence of phosphorus atoms from decreasing. Thereby, the decomposition of the solid electrolyte resulting from the decrease of valence of phosphorus atoms is prevented, and therefore high ion conductivity is retained even in a wet atmosphere.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 2004Date of Patent: April 7, 2009Assignee: Panasonic CorporationInventors: Masaya Ugaji, Shinji Mino, Yasuyuki Shibano, Shuji Ito
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Patent number: 7510800Abstract: An all-solid battery having a high output power is provided which exhibits high safety and is capable of being produced at a low cost is provided. The all-solid battery includes an internal electrode body having a cathode comprising a cathode material, an anode comprising an anode material, and a solid electrolyte layer comprising a solid electrolyte. The cathode material, the anode material, and the solid electrolyte are phosphoric acid compounds. The internal electrode body is integrated by firing the cathode, the anode, and the solid electrolyte layer, and the internal electrode body contains water.Type: GrantFiled: February 23, 2007Date of Patent: March 31, 2009Assignees: NGK Insulators, Ltd., Kyushu UniversityInventors: Toshihiro Yoshida, Hiroyuki Katsukawa, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Shigeto Okada
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Publication number: 20090081554Abstract: An all-solid lithium secondary battery has excellent reliability including safety. However, in general, its energy density or output density is lower than that achieved by liquid electrolyte systems. The all-solid lithium battery includes a lithium ion-conducting solid electrolyte as an electrolyte. The lithium ion-conducting solid electrolyte is mainly composed of a sulfide, and the surface of a positive electrode active material is coated with a lithium ion-conducting oxide. The advantages of the present invention are particularly significant when the positive electrode active material exhibits a potential of 3 V or more during operation of the all-solid lithium battery, i.e., when redox reaction occurs at a potential of 3 V or more.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 30, 2006Publication date: March 26, 2009Applicant: NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR MATERIALS SCIENCEInventors: Kazunori Takada, Narumi Ohta, Lianqi Zhang, Takayoshi Sasaki
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Publication number: 20090081555Abstract: In a solid electrolyte obtained by sintering a powder, high ionic conductivity and remarkably low moisture permeation applicable to a lithium ion secondary battery or a lithium primary battery are realized. A method for producing a solid electrolyte including the steps of preparing a green sheet containing a lithium ion conductive inorganic material powder; and firing the green sheet, wherein in the step of firing the green sheet, at least one surface of the green sheet is covered by a setter having a porosity of not more than 10% by volume, is disclosed.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 22, 2008Publication date: March 26, 2009Applicant: OHARA INC.Inventor: Jun TERAMOTO
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Patent number: 7504473Abstract: Novel chain polymers comprising weakly basic anionic moieties chemically bound into a polyether backbone at controllable anionic separations are presented. Preferred polymers comprise orthoborate anions capped with dibasic acid residues, preferably oxalato or malonato acid residues. The conductivity of these polymers is found to be high relative to that of most conventional salt-in-polymer electrolytes. The conductivity at high temperatures and wide electrochemical window make these materials especially suitable as electrolytes for rechargeable lithium batteries.Type: GrantFiled: June 16, 2001Date of Patent: March 17, 2009Assignee: Arizona Board of Regents for and on behalf of Arizona State UniversityInventors: Charles A. Angell, Wu Xu
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Publication number: 20090061288Abstract: A lithium-sulfur battery is disclosed in one embodiment of the invention as including an anode containing lithium and a cathode comprising elemental sulfur. The cathode may include at least one solvent selected to at least partially dissolve the elemental sulfur and Li2Sx. A substantially non-porous lithium-ion-conductive membrane is provided between the anode and the cathode to keep sulfur or other reactive species from migrating therebetween. In certain embodiments, the lithium-sulfur battery may include a separator between the anode and the non-porous lithium-ion-conductive membrane. This separator may prevent the lithium in the anode from reacting with the non-porous lithium-ion-conductive membrane. In certain embodiments, the separator is a porous separator infiltrated with a lithium-ion-conductive electrolyte.Type: ApplicationFiled: September 5, 2008Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventors: John Howard Gordon, John Joseph Watkins
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Publication number: 20090061323Abstract: Electrochemical cells are disclosed. In some embodiments, an electrochemical cell includes an electrolyte that contains a bis(oxalato)borate salt.Type: ApplicationFiled: November 5, 2008Publication date: March 5, 2009Inventors: Dana Alexa Totir, Kirakodu S. Nanjundaswamy, Michael Pozin
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Publication number: 20090035664Abstract: The present invention generally relates to batteries or other electrochemical devices, and systems and materials for use in these, including novel electrode materials and designs. In some embodiments, the present invention relates to small-scale batteries or microbatteries. For example, in one aspect of the invention, a battery may have a volume of no more than about 5 mm3, while having an energy density of at least about 400 W h/l. In some cases, the battery may include a electrode comprising a porous electroactive compound. In some embodiments, the pores of the porous electrode may be at least partially filled with a liquid such as a liquid electrolyte. The electrode may be able to withstand repeated charging and discharging. In some cases, the electrode may have a plurality of protrusions and/or a wall (which may surround the protrusions, if present); however, in other cases, there may be no protrusions or walls. The electrode may be formed from a unitary material.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 23, 2008Publication date: February 5, 2009Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyInventors: Yet-Ming Chiang, Ryan C. Wartena, Timothy E. Chin, Can K. Erdonmez, Wei Lai
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Publication number: 20090029264Abstract: Disclosed is a thin-film solid secondary cell (1) wherein a positive electrode collector layer (20), a positive electrode active material layer (30), a solid electrolyte layer (40), a negative electrode active material layer (50) and a negative electrode collector layer (20) are arranged on a substrate (10). The positive electrode active material layer (30) is a thin film composed of a metal oxide containing a transition metal and lithium, while the negative electrode active material layer (50) is a thin film composed of a semiconductor, a metal, an alloy or a metal oxide other than vanadium oxide. At least layers other than collector layers (20) are amorphous thin films. The substance constituting the solid electrolyte layer (40) is lithium phosphate (Li3PO4) or lithium phosphate added with nitrogen (LIPON).Type: ApplicationFiled: February 1, 2006Publication date: January 29, 2009Applicant: GEOMATEC CO., LTD.Inventors: Hiromi Nakazawa, Kimihiro Sano, Mamoru Baba
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Publication number: 20090029265Abstract: A battery structure includes a positive electrode layer, a solid electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode layer disposed in that order, wherein the solid electrolyte layer has a chemical composition, excluding incidental impurities, represented by the formula aLi·bX·cS·dY, where X is at least one element of phosphorus (P) and boron (B), Y is at least one element of oxygen (O) and nitrogen (N), the sum of a, b, c, and d is 1, a is 0.20 to 0.52, b is 0.10 to 0.20, c is 0.30 to 0.55, and d is 0 to 0.30. The solid electrolyte layer includes a portion A in contact with the negative electrode layer and a portion B in contact with the positive electrode layer, and d in the portion A is larger than d in the portion B. A lithium secondary battery includes the battery structure.Type: ApplicationFiled: December 13, 2007Publication date: January 29, 2009Applicant: SUMITOMO ELECTRIC INDUSTRIES, LTD.Inventor: Nobuhiro Ota
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Publication number: 20090011339Abstract: Disclosed is a lithium ion-conductive solid electrolyte exhibiting high lithium ion conductivity even at room temperature which is hardly oxidized and free from problems of toxicity and contains as components lithium (Li) element, boron (B) element, sulfur (S) element, and oxygen (O) element, and the ratio between sulfur element and oxygen element (O/S) is 0.01 to 1.43.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 10, 2006Publication date: January 8, 2009Applicant: Idemitsu Kosan Co., LtdInventors: Yoshikatsu Seino, Kazunori Takada
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Patent number: 7473493Abstract: A process for preparing an active material for a battery includes the steps of preparing a coating liquid by adding a compound comprising an element X that is capable of forming a double bond with oxygen, and a compound comprising at least one from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, and a rare-earth element, to water, adding a metal source to the coating liquid to surface-treat the metal source material, drying the surface-treated metal source material to prepare an active material precursor; mixing the active material precursor with a lithium source; and heat-treating the resultant mixture to produce an active material with a surface-treatment layer comprising the compound of the formula (1): MXOk??(1) wherein M is at least one selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a group 13 element, a group 14 element, a transition metal, and a rare-earth element; X is an element that canType: GrantFiled: April 8, 2003Date of Patent: January 6, 2009Assignee: Samsung SDI Co., Ltd.Inventors: Jae-Phil Cho, Yong-Chul Park, Won-Il Jung, Geun-Bae Kim
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Patent number: 7473492Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a lithium secondary battery of high output. According to the present invention, there is provided a lithium secondary battery having a positive electrode and a negative electrode which reversibly intercalate and deintercalate lithium and an electrolyte containing an ion conductive material and an electrolytic salt, where said electrolyte contains an electrolytic salt and a boron-containing compound represented by the following formula (1) or a polymer thereof, or a copolymer of the compounds of the following formulas (2) and (3).Type: GrantFiled: November 21, 2003Date of Patent: January 6, 2009Assignee: Hitachi, Ltd.Inventors: Takefumi Okumura, Shin Nishimura, Norio Iwayasu, Shoichi Yokoyama, Takeshi Yabe