Abstract: The invention relates to methods for producing non-aggregated, modified silicon particles by treating non-aggregated silicon particles which have volume-weighted particle size distributions with diameter percentiles d50 of 1.0 ?m to 10.0 ?m at 80° C. to 900° C. with an oxygen-containing gas.

Abstract: Provided is a battery including: a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte solution containing a nonaqueous solvent. The positive electrode active material contains a compound represented by composition formula (1) below and having a crystal structure belonging to space group FM3-M: LixMeyO?F?. (1) Here, Me is one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, and C. x, y, ?, and ? satisfy the following conditions: 1.7?x?2.2, 0.8?y?1.3, 1???2.5, and 0.5???2, respectively. The nonaqueous solvent includes at least one solvent selected from hydrofluoroethers, phosphazenes, phosphates, and perfluoropolyethers.

Abstract: A non-aqueous electrolyte solution for a lithium secondary battery, and a lithium second battery including the same are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the lithium electrolyte includes lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as a first lithium salt, a second lithium salt, an organic solvent, and a compound represented by Formula 1. In some embodiments, the lithium second battery includes a positive electrode having a positive electrode active material represented by Formula 2.

Abstract: Electrolyte compositions containing a solvent, a co-solvent, certain cyclic carboxylic acid anhydride additives, certain phosphorus-containing additives, and an electrolyte salt are described. The electrolyte compositions are useful in electrochemical cells, such as lithium ion batteries where they provide significantly improved cycle life with no loss of discharge capacity.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, having an average interplanar spacing d002 of the (002) plane within a range of 0.36 to 0.42 nm calculated by using the Bragg equation according to a wide-angle X-ray diffraction method, a specific surface area within a range of 8 to 30 m2/g obtained by a nitrogen adsorption BET three-point method, a nitrogen element content of 0.5 mass % or less, an oxygen element content of 0.3 mass % or less, and an average particle diameter of 1 to 2.8 ?m according to a laser scattering method.

Abstract: A method of pre-lithiating an electrode for a secondary battery, the method including: a first step of bringing a lithium metal into direct contact with an electrode in an electrolyte and applying pressure to the electrode to prepare a pre-lithiated electrode; and a second step of removing the lithium metal and then applying pressure to the pre-lithiated electrode to perform a stabilization process. The electrode for the secondary battery after going through the pre-lithiation can relieve volume change of the electrode and reduce contact loss of the electrode.

Abstract: A metal-ion battery cell is provided that comprises anode and cathode electrodes, a separator, and an electrolyte. The anode electrode may, for example, have a capacity loading in the range of about 2 mAh/cm2 to about 10 mAh/cm2 and comprise anode particles that (i) have an average particle size in the range of about 0.2 microns to about 40 microns, (ii) exhibit a volume expansion in the range of about 8 vol. % to about 180 vol. % during one or more charge-discharge cycles of the battery cell, and (iii) exhibit a specific capacity in the range of about 600 mAh/g to about 2,600 mAh/g. The electrolyte may comprise, for example, (i) one or more metal-ion salts and (ii) a solvent composition that comprises one or more low-melting point solvents that each have a melting point below about ?70° C. and a boiling point above about +70° C.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes a first electrode which is a columnar body having a first active material; a first current collecting unit connected to the first electrode; a second electrode having a second active material; a second current collecting unit connected to the second electrode; and a separation membrane that has ion conductivity and insulates between the first electrode and the second electrode. The secondary battery has a structure in which a plurality of the first electrodes are bound together while being adjacent to the second electrode with the separation membrane therebetween. A first connecting unit that is connected to the first electrode and melts when short-circuiting occurs may be connected to the first current collecting unit.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a nonaqueous electrolytic solution and a nonaqueous electrolytic solution secondary battery capable of showing high output characteristics at a low temperature even after the battery is used to some extent, and capable of showing good high-rate properties, and further capable of improving safety of batteries. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution includes a nonaqueous solvent, an electrolyte dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent, (I) a difluoro ionic complex (1) represented by the general formula (1), and (II) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a specific cyclic phosphazene compound, siloxane compound, aromatic compound, cyclohexene compound, phosphoric acid ester compound, fluorinated linear ether compound, fluorinated cyclic ether compound, and boric acid ester compound, and 95 mol % or more of the difluoro ionic complex (1) is a difluoro ionic complex (1-Cis) in a cis configuration represented by the general formula (1-Cis).

Abstract: Provided are an additive for an electrolyte for a lithium battery, an electrolyte for a lithium battery, the electrolyte including the additive, and a lithium battery using the electrolyte. The additive includes a compound represented by Formula 1: [P4O10]x.[B(OSiR1R2R3)3]y??Formula 1 wherein R1, R2, R3, and the molar ratio of x to y (x/y) are as defined in the specification. By adding the compound to the electrolyte, the lifetime characteristics of the lithium battery at high temperature may be improved.

Abstract: An electrolyte solution applicable to high-voltage electrochemical devices and capable of improving the cycle characteristics of electrochemical devices even at high voltage. The electrolyte solution contains a fluorinated acyclic carbonate and a metal salt having a specific structure. The fluorinated acyclic carbonate is represented by CF3—OCOO—R11 (wherein R11 is a C1 or C2 non-fluorinated alkyl group or a C1 or C2 fluorinated alkyl group) or CFH2—OCOO—R12 (wherein R12 is a C1 or C2 non-fluorinated alkyl group or a C1 or C2 fluorinated alkyl group).

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes an electrode assembly including a negative plate and a positive plate including a positive electrode active material mix layer, a nonaqueous electrolyte, a battery case that houses the electrode assembly and the nonaqueous electrolyte, and a pressure-sensitive safety system that operates when the pressure in the battery case reaches a value greater than or equal to a predetermined value. The positive electrode active material mix layer contains lithium carbonate and lithium phosphate. The average particle size of lithium carbonate contained in the positive electrode active material mix layer is greater than the average particle size of lithium phosphate contained in the positive electrode active material mix layer. The number of particles of lithium carbonate contained in the positive electrode active material mix layer is less than the number of particles of lithium phosphate contained in the positive electrode active material mix layer.

Abstract: A battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution including a nonaqueous solvent. The positive electrode active material includes a compound having a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and represented by Compositional Formula (1): LixMeyO?F?, where, Me is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, and Cr; and subscripts x, y, ?, and ? satisfy the following requirements: 1.7?x?2.2, 0.8?y?1.3, 1???2.5, and 0.5???2. The nonaqueous solvent includes a solvent having at least one fluoro group.

Abstract: Provided is a battery including: a positive electrode containing a positive electrode active material; a negative electrode; and an electrolyte solution containing a nonaqueous solvent. The positive electrode active material contains a compound represented by composition formula (1) below and having a crystal structure belonging to space group FM3-M: LixMeyO?F?. (1) Here, Me is one or two or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, and C. x, y, ?, and ? satisfy the following conditions: 1.7?x?2.2, 0.8?y?1.3, 1???2.5, and 0.5???2, respectively. The nonaqueous solvent includes at least one solvent selected from hydrofluoroethers, phosphazenes, phosphates, and perfluoropolyethers.

Abstract: A battery includes a positive electrode including a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution including an additive. The positive electrode active material includes a compound having a crystal structure belonging to a space group FM3-M and represented by Compositional Formula (1): LixMeyO?F?, where, Me is one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Mn, Co, Ni, Fe, Al, B, Ce, Si, Zr, Nb, Pr, Ti, W, Ge, Mo, Sn, Bi, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Y, Zn, Ga, Er, La, Sm, Yb, V, and Cr; and subscripts x, y, ?, and ? satisfy the following requirements: 1.7?x?2.2, 0.8?y?1.3, 1???2.5, and 0.5???2. The additive is at least one selected from dinitrile compounds and diisocyanate compounds.

Abstract: A lithium secondary battery including: a cathode including a high-voltage cathode active material; an anode; and an electrolyte disposed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the high-voltage cathode active material has a charge cut-off voltage of about 4.2 Volts or greater with respect to a lithium (Li) counter electrode, and wherein the electrolyte includes an organic fluorinated ether compound represented by Formula 1, an organic solvent, and a lithium salt: R1—O—CFnH2-n—R2??Formula 1 wherein, in Formula 1, R1 is a C1-C10 alkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-C10 fluorinated alkyl group, or a C3-C10 fluorinated cycloalkyl group; R2 is hydrogen, fluorine, a C1-C10 alkyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C1-C10 fluorinated alkyl group, or a C3-C10 fluorinated cycloalkyl group; and n is 1 or 2.

Abstract: A positive electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries having a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixture layer that is formed on the positive electrode current collector.

Abstract: An electrolyte composition and an electrochemical cell that includes the electrolyte composition are included. The electrolyte composition includes: at least one aprotic organic solvent; at least one conducting salt; methylphosphonoyloxymethane; and optionally one or more additives. The use of methylphosphonoyloxymethane in an electrolyte composition for electrochemical cells is also included.

Abstract: The present application provides an electrolyte for lithium ion battery which comprising a mixture of organic solvents consisting of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and carboxylate ester, wherein a mass ratio of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate and carboxylate ester is (20%-30%):(45%-55%):(10%-20%):(5%-15%); a mixture of additives consisting of vinylene carbonate, propane sultone, fluorinated ethylene carbonate and perfluorohexylsulfonyl fluoride; and a lithium salt. The electrolyte for lithium ion battery provided according to the present application has good wettability and high absorption rate. The present application also provides a lithium ion battery with high energy density, small internal resistance, good cycle performance and good charge and discharge performance.

Abstract: An object is to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte and a nonaqueous-electrolyte secondary battery which have excellent discharge load characteristics and are excellent in high-temperature storability, cycle characteristics, high capacity, continuous-charge characteristics, storability, gas evolution inhibition during continuous charge, high-current-density charge/discharge characteristics, discharge load characteristics, etc. The object has been accomplished with a nonaqueous electrolyte which comprises: a monofluorophosphate and/or a difluorophosphate; and further a compound having a specific chemical structure or specific properties.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery having an electrode group in which a positive electrode plate containing a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode plate containing a negative electrode active material are wound with a separator there between. The positive electrode active material uses a lithium transition metal oxide represented by the formula LiaNixM1?xO2 (0.9?a?1.2, 0.8?x<1, and M is at least one element of Co, Mn, and Al). The positive electrode plate is provided with a current-collecting tab placed in a position that is 200 mm or more apart from the winding start of the positive electrode plate. The separator has an MD direction tensile strength (SMD)-to-TD direction tensile strength (STD) ratio (SMD/STD) of from 0.72 to 1.37 and an MD direction tensile elongation (EMD)-to-TD direction tensile elongation (ETD) ratio (EMD/ETD) of from 0.34 to 1.29.

Abstract: A non-aqueous liquid electrolyte for a secondary battery, containing an electrolyte and a compound (A) represented by any one of formulae (I-1) to (I-3) in an organic solvent: wherein X1 represents an alkyl group substituted with a halogen atom; Y1 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group; and ma represents an integer from 1 to 6; wherein X2 represents a group having an oxygen atom; Y2 represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group; and mb represents an integer from 1 to 6; and wherein Y3 represents an organic group having 4 or more carbon atoms, or an organic group having an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; and mc represents an integer from 1 to 6.

Abstract: A non-aqueous lithium-type power storage element comprising an electrode laminate body and a non-aqueous electrolyte being housed in an external body, the electrode laminate body having a negative electrode body, a positive electrode body and a separator.

Abstract: Disclosed are functionalized Group IVA particles, methods of preparing the Group IVA particles, and methods of using the Group IVA particles. The Group IVA particles may be passivated with at least one layer of material covering at least a portion of the particle. The layer of material may be a covalently bonded non-dielectric layer of material. The Group IVA particles may be used in various technologies, including lithium ion batteries and photovoltaic cells.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving high-temperature characteristics is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode and an electrolytic solution. A separator provided between the cathode and the anode is impregnated with the electrolytic solution. A solvent of the electrolytic solution includes a main solvent such as a cyclic carbonate which includes halogen and a sub solvent such as carbonate dimer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a secondary battery including an electrode assembly, which includes a cathode, an anode and a separator interposed therebetween, and an electrolyte, wherein the anode includes lithium titanium oxide (LTO) as an anode active material and the electrolyte contains a phosphate-based compound as an additive.

Abstract: A secondary battery capable of improving high-temperature characteristics is provided. The secondary battery includes a cathode, an anode and an electrolytic solution. A separator provided between the cathode and the anode is impregnated with the electrolytic solution. A solvent of the electrolytic solution includes a main solvent such as a cyclic carbonate which includes halogen and a sub solvent such as carbonate dimer.

Abstract: Provided are a nonaqueous electrolytic solution having an electrolyte salt dissolved in a nonaqueous solvent, the nonaqueous electrolytic solution containing from 0.001 to 5% by mass of 1,3-dioxane and further containing from 0.001 to 5% by mass of at least one selected from a specified phosphoric acid ester compound, a specified cyclic sulfonic acid ester compound, and a cyclic acid anhydride containing a side chain having allyl hydrogen; and an energy storage device using the same. This nonaqueous electrolytic solution is capable of improving electrochemical characteristics at high temperatures and further capable of not only improving a capacity retention rate after a high-temperature cycle test but also decreasing a rate of increase of an electrode thickness.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes: a negative electrode current collector foil; and a negative electrode mixture layer that is arranged on the negative electrode current collector foil. The negative electrode mixture layer contains a plurality of granulated particles. Each of the granulated particles contains a negative electrode active material and a coating film. The coating film is formed on a surface of the negative electrode active material. The coating film includes a first film and a second film. The first film is formed on the surface of the negative electrode active material. The second film is formed on the first film. The first film contains a carboxymethyl cellulose polymer. The second film contains a polyacrylic acid polymer.

Abstract: A positive electrode for nonaqueous electrolyte secondary batteries having a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode mixture layer that is formed on the positive electrode current collector.

Abstract: The present application provides a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery that includes, a cathode capable of being electrochemically doped/dedoped with lithium, an anode capable of being electrochemically doped/dedoped with lithium, and an electrolyte placed between the cathode and the anode, wherein the electrolyte contains at least one of fluoro ethylene carbonate represented by Chemical Formula (1) and difluoro ethylene carbonate represented by Chemical Formula (2) as a solvent and the ratio of a discharge capacity B during discharging at a 5C rate to a discharge capacity A during discharging at a 0.2C rate ((B/A)×100) is 80% or more.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery, comprising: a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active substance layer formed upon the positive electrode current collector. The positive electrode active substance layer has a positive electrode active substance and a melamine-acid salt being a salt comprising melamine and acid.

Abstract: Provided herein are energy storage device cathodes with high capacity electrochemically active material including compounds that include iron, fluorine, sulfur, and optionally oxygen. Batteries with active materials including a compound of the formula FeFaSbOc exhibit high capacity, high specific energy, high average discharge voltage, and low hysteresis, even when discharged at high rates. Iron, fluorine, and sulfur-containing compounds may be ionically and electronically conductive.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery includes a positive electrode that includes a positive electrode current collector, an intermediate layer on the positive electrode current collector, and a positive electrode mix layer on the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer contains a flame retardant and a conductive material having a heat conductivity of 10 W/m·K or more.

Abstract: The present disclosure refers to a lithium secondary battery comprising Li2NiO2 in a cathode active material so as to improve the phenomenon that the capacity retention ratio decreases at initial cycles when using an anode active material selected from the group consisting of Si, SiC, SiOx (0<x<2), Sn, SnO2, Sb, Ge and a mixture thereof. The lithium secondary battery according to the present disclosure can substantially improve the decrease of a capacity retention ratio during initial cycles.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a lithium battery, which comprises of a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode current collector substrate, a separator and electrolyte between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode current collector substrate. The positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode collector, a positive electrode active material-containing positive electrode layer attached to the positive electrode collector and positive electrode tab welded to the positive electrode collector. The negative electrode current collector substrate comprises a negative electrode current collector and negative electrode tab welded to the negative electrode current collector. The negative electrode current collector substrate is a current collector substrate with 6˜60 ?m thickness having a planar or concavo-convex structure which is made from metal foil material or metal mesh with 6˜25 ?m thickness.

Abstract: A lithium ion battery that has a spinel cathode and a nonaqueous electrolyte comprising a fluorinated acyclic carboxylic acid ester and/or a fluorinated acyclic carbonate solvent is described. The lithium ion battery operates at a high voltage (i.e. up to about 5 V) and has improved cycling performance at high temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a lithium-ion secondary battery and an electrolyte thereof. The electrolyte comprises a lithium salt; a non-aqueous solvent and an additive comprising a first additive and a second additive, the first additive comprises at least one of vinylene carbonate and vinyl ethylene carbonate, the second additive is 4-methylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one and its derivatives with a structural formula 1 and/or 4,5-dimethylene-1,3-dioxolan-2-one and its derivatives with a structural formula 2; in the structural formula 1 and the structural formula 2, R1, R2, R3 and R4 each are hydrogen, halogen, C1˜C3 alkyl or halogenated alkyl; a weight percentage of the first additive in the electrolyte is 0.2%˜2.0%, a weight percentage of the second additive in the electrolyte is 0.3%˜4.0%. The lithium-ion secondary battery comprises the aforementioned electrolyte.

Abstract: An objection is to provide a high performance secondary battery having good flame retardancy and cycle properties. The present exemplary embodiment provides a secondary battery comprising an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode and a negative electrode are arranged to face each other, an electrolyte liquid and a package accommodating the electrode assembly and the electrolyte liquid, wherein the negative electrode is formed by binding a negative electrode active substance comprising a metal (a) capable of being alloyed with lithium, a metal oxide (b) capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions and a carbon material (c) capable of occluding and releasing lithium ions, to a negative electrode current collector, with a negative electrode binder, and the electrolyte liquid comprises a supporting salt and an electrolytic solvent, the electrolytic solvent comprising at least one phosphate ester compound selected from phosphite esters, phosphonate esters and bisphosphonate esters.

Abstract: Provided is an electrolytic solution exhibiting excellent withstand voltage and satisfactory characteristics even at low and high temperatures. The invention is an electrolytic solution that includes a cyclic carbonate (I-1) represented by formula (I-1): (in the formula, R is an alkyl group having two or more carbon atoms, a fluorine-containing alkyl group having two or more carbon atoms, an alkoxy group or a fluorine-containing alkoxy group, in which an oxygen atom may be inserted between carbon atoms); a cyclic carbonate (I-2) different from the cyclic carbonate (I-1); and an electrolyte salt (II)).

Abstract: Electrochemical devices which incorporate cathode materials that include layered crystalline compounds for which a structural modification has been achieved which increases the diffusion rate of multi-valent ions into and out of the cathode materials. Examples in which the layer spacing of the layered electrode materials is modified to have a specific spacing range such that the spacing is optimal for diffusion of magnesium ions are presented. An electrochemical cell comprised of a positive intercalation electrode, a negative metal electrode, and a separator impregnated with a nonaqueous electrolyte solution containing multi-valent ions and arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode active material is described.

Abstract: A nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an electrode assembly, a nonaqueous electrolyte, and a container. The electrode assembly has a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a separator. The positive electrode contains particles of a lithium transition metal compound as a positive electrode active material. The negative electrode is opposed to the positive electrode. The separator is disposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The nonaqueous electrolyte contains lithium difluorophosphate. The container houses the electrode assembly and the nonaqueous electrolyte. The battery capacity is not less than 21 Ah. The mean particle diameter (D50) of the particles of the lithium transition metal compound is not less than 5 ?m and not more than 15 ?m. The (D90?D10)/D50 of the particles of the lithium transition metal compound is under 1.1.

Abstract: A negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries comprises amorphous coated particles that are composed of a plurality of consolidated particles having no specific shape, said consolidated particles being obtained by consolidating a plurality of primary spheroidized graphite particles, and 0.5-20% by mass of an amorphous carbon layer that covers the surfaces of the consolidated particles and binds the consolidated particles with each other; and 0.5-20% by mass of a highly crystalline carbon layer that is formed so as to cover the outer surfaces of the amorphous coated particles and has an interplanar distance ascribed to CVD processing of 0.335 nm or more but less than 0.3369 nm. The negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries is also characterized by having a porosity of 5% by volume or less, and a method for producing the negative electrode material for lithium ion secondary batteries.

Abstract: A secondary battery that can avoid reduction in battery capacity over the lapse of charge-discharge cycles and can exhibit high performance is provided. The secondary battery includes a laminated body having a pair of electrodes and an electrolyte layer provided between the pair of electrodes, the electrolyte layer including electrolyte particles, the laminated body having an end portion, and a restrictor provided so as to cover at least the end portion of the laminated body for restricting expansion of the electrolyte layer in the plane direction thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a liquid electrolyte for a lithium accumulator and the use thereof in a lithium accumulator at low temperature. The liquid electrolyte includes at least one lithium salt dissolved in a mixture of non-aqueous organic solvents. The mixture of organic solvents is formed by propylene carbonate (PC), ?-butyrolactone (GBL) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC). The mixture of organic solvents preferably contains between: 0.5% and 33% in volume of propylene carbonate, 0.5% and 33% in volume of ?-butyrolactone and, 0.5% and 99% in volume of ethyl methyl carbonate, the sum of the respective volume percentages of propylene carbonate, ?-butyrolactone, and ethyl methyl carbonate in the mixture being equal to 100%.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cathode active material for a lithium ion secondary battery which includes a lithium manganese borate compound and a manganese oxide. The lithium manganese borate compound contains a larger amount of lithium than conventional lithium manganese borate compounds. Therefore, a larger amount of lithium is deintercalated in a battery including the cathode active material, and as a result, the specific capacity of the battery reaches 100-160 mAh/g, which is much higher than that of conventional lithium ion secondary batteries (<80 mAh/g). Also disclosed is a method for producing the cathode active material.

Abstract: An anode active material for use in a lithium secondary battery including a mixture of graphite I that has, according to X-ray powder diffraction, d002 of not smaller than 0.3354 nm and not greater than 0.337 nm, Lc(004) of smaller than 100 nm, La(110) of not smaller than 100 nm, and a half width of the peak of a plane (101) at a diffraction angle (2?) of 44 degrees to 45 degrees of not smaller than 0.65 degree and another graphite so as to have, according to X-ray powder diffraction, d002 of not smaller than 0.3354 nm and not greater than 0.337 nm, Lc(004) of not smaller than 80 nm, La(110) of not smaller than 100 nm, and a half width of the peak of a plane (101) at a diffraction angle (2?) of 44 degrees to 45 degrees of not smaller than 0.5 degree.

Abstract: A method for recovering the capacity of a lithium ion battery determines whether or not the cause of degradation is a decrease in lithium ions; calculates the amount of the decrease in lithium ions; and connects a lithium ion replenishing electrode to a positive electrode or a negative electrode to release lithium ions corresponding to the amount of the decrease from the lithium ion replenishing electrode, thereby replenishing the lithium ion battery with lithium ions for recovery of the battery capacity.

Abstract: A secondary battery comprising a cathode, an anode, a separator and an electrolyte that comprises a eutectic mixture formed of: an amide group-containing compound, and an ionizable lithium salt. The anode comprises a metal or metal oxide having a potential vs. lithium potential (Li/Li+) within electrochemical window of the eutectic mixture. Because the secondary battery uses a eutectic mixture as an electrolyte in combination with an anode having a potential vs. lithium potential (Li/Li+) within the electrochemical window of the eutectic mixture, problems such as decomposition of an electrolyte and degradation of the quality of a battery are avoided. Also, due to the thermal and chemical stability, high conductivity and a broad electrochemical window of a eutectic mixture, it is possible to improve the quality as well as safety of a battery.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte for a lithium secondary battery, comprising a non-aqueous solvent, a lithium salt and an additive having a perfluoroalkyl group. By including the additive having a specific structure in the electrolyte, the output of the lithium secondary battery can be improved greatly.