Sensitized Or Doped Patents (Class 430/95)
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Patent number: 5066557Abstract: A charge generating layer for an electrophotographic imaging member is provided containing trigonal selenium and phthalocyanine photoconductive particles dispersed in a film forming polymer binder. The film forming polymer binder may be a styrene butadiene copolymer having a weight percent styrene to butadiene content of about 85:15 to about 95:5 and a glass transition temperature range of about 50.degree. C. to about 60.degree. C. A process for producing the homogeneous dispersion of photoconductive particles includes separately milling the trigonal selenium particles and the phthalocyanine particles to approprite particle sizes, and dispersing the separately milled particles in the film forming polymer binder.Type: GrantFiled: December 29, 1989Date of Patent: November 19, 1991Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Susan Robinette, Anita P. Lynch, Thomas R. Hoffend, Edward F. Grabowski, Kathleen M. Carmichael
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Patent number: 5035969Abstract: A novel electrophotographic photoreceptor for copying machine or photoprinter is provided comprising on an electrically conductive support a photoconductive layer, characterized in that said photoconductive layer contains a phthalocyanine pigment and a compound represented by the general formula (I), (II), (III), (IV) or (VI): ##STR1## wherein Z represents a sulfur or oxygen atom; Ar represents a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group or monovalent heterocyclic group; R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group or aralkyl group; Ar and R.sub.3 may together form a ring; and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group, aryl group or aralkyl group, ##STR2## wherein Z represents a sulfur or oxygen atom; R.sub.4 represents an alkyl group, alkoxy group, monovalent or bicyclic condensed aryl group, monocyclic or bicyclic condensed aryloxy group or monovalent group derived from heterocyclic group; the two R.sub.Type: GrantFiled: February 8, 1990Date of Patent: July 30, 1991Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Syunichi Kondo, Hiroaki Yokoya, Seiji Horie
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Patent number: 5034293Abstract: New electrophotographic elements contain electron-transport agents comprising certain new chemical compounds, which are derivatives of 4H-thiopyran-1,1-dioxides.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1989Date of Patent: July 23, 1991Assignee: Eastman Kodak CompanyInventors: Norman G. Rule, Teh-Ming Kung
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Patent number: 5028506Abstract: A photoreceptor for electrophotography having a layer containing a charge generating substance on an electrically conductive substrate wherein the photoreceptor has a low molecular weight ammonium salt in a proportion of 0.1 to 15 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the charge generating substance.Type: GrantFiled: December 27, 1989Date of Patent: July 2, 1991Assignee: Konica CorporationInventors: Hiroshi Yamazaki, Takayuki Sugaiwa, Sota Kawakami, Masataka Takimoto, Koyoshi Sawada
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Patent number: 5028505Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor is disclosed, comprising a conductive substrate having thereon a photosensitive layer, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of formula (I), a compound of formula (II), and a compound of formula (III) as defined below: ##STR1## wherein X.sup.I represents a cyano group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an aryloxycarbonyl group; R.sup.I.sub.1 and R.sup.I.sub.2 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an aryloxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an arylcarbonyl group, a nitro group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group; A.sup.I represents ##STR2## wherein R.sup.I.sub.3 and R.sup.I.sub.9 each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a nitro group, a halogen atom, or a cyano group; and m and n each represents an integer of 0 to 3; ##STR3## wherein X.sup.II represents O, C(CN).sub.2 or C(CO.sub.2 R.sup.II).sub.2, wherein R.sup.II is an alkyl group; R.sup.II.Type: GrantFiled: November 15, 1989Date of Patent: July 2, 1991Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Yutaka Akasaki, Katsumi Nukada, Katsuhiro Sato
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Patent number: 5009977Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotographic photoreceptor, composed of an amorphous silicon containing carbon; nitrogen or oxygen and a specific amount of hydrogen and/or halogen, prepared by electron cyclotron resonance method, which is useful for xerographic systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1989Date of Patent: April 23, 1991Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takashi Hayakawa, Shiro Narikawa, Kunio Ohashi, Yoshiharu Tsujimoto
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Patent number: 4992348Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises a conductive substrate and a photoconductive layer which is composed of an amorphous silicon layer and an amorphous silicon germanium layer containing a specific amount of hydrogen and/or halogen respectively, and being prepared by electron cyclotron resonance method respectively, which is useful for xerographic systems.Type: GrantFiled: June 27, 1989Date of Patent: February 12, 1991Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takashi Hayakawa, Shiro Narikawa, Kunio Ohashi
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Patent number: 4990420Abstract: In an electrophotographic photoreceptor, a layer is interposed between the electroconductive substrate and the surface photosensitive layer or between the carrier transport layer and the carrier generation layer of the photosensitive layer, said layer being made of an Se-As alloy, Se-Te alloy, or pure Se incorporated with any of Ga, In, Zn, Au, Ag, C, Pt, Ge, Pb, and Sb to reduce the band gap. This layer increases the efficiency of hole injection from the substrate, resulting in the rapid decay of negative charging.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1989Date of Patent: February 5, 1991Assignee: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventor: Kazayuki Urabe
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Patent number: 4990423Abstract: A photosensitive member for electrophotography which comprises a conductive substrate and a photoconductive layer, the photoconductive layer being an amorphous silicon germanium containing hydrogen and/or a halogen at a specific amount, deposited by electron cyclotron resonance method, which is useful for image formation apparatus such as a laser printer.Type: GrantFiled: June 20, 1989Date of Patent: February 5, 1991Assignee: Sharp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Takashi Hayakawa, Shiro Narikawa, Kunio Ohashi
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Patent number: 4965154Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor comprising a photoconductive layer, a first surface layer and a second surface layer formed in sequence on a support, said photoconductive layer being substantially composed of amorphous silicon, and each of said first and second surface layers being substantially composed of nitrogen-doped amorphous silicon, the concentration of nitrogen atoms in the second surface layer being higher than that in the first surface layer. The photoconductive layer is doped with atoms of an element of group III, or in at least a part of the photoconductive layer doped with germanium atoms in place of the element of group III.Type: GrantFiled: June 19, 1989Date of Patent: October 23, 1990Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenichi Karakida, Shigeru Yagi, Yuzuru Fukuda, Masayuki Nishikawa, Te Nam Roh, Noriyoshi Takahashi, Masato Ono
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Patent number: 4959289Abstract: An electrophotographic element has a surface layer with a ratio of the number of nitrogen atoms to silicon atoms of 0.5 or more, and a reflection factor is the surface layer for coherent light beams of 0.1 or less. Use of such an element prevents excessive light reflection at the surface layer, thereby preventing reflected light beams from forming interference fringes in a printed image. In this respect, the electrophotographic element according to the present invention is suitable for use as a photosensitive element in a laser printer utilizing a semiconductor laser beam as its light source.Type: GrantFiled: January 3, 1989Date of Patent: September 25, 1990Assignee: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masayuki Nishikawa, Shigeru Yagi
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Patent number: 4954397Abstract: An improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography having a light receiving layer provided with a charge carrier generation layer (hereinafter referred to as "CGL") and a charge carrier transport layer (hereinafter referred to as "CTL"), the CGL being formed of a non-single-crystal material composed substantially of silicon atom as the main constituent atom and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atom and halogen atom and the CTL being formed of a Non-Si(H,X) material containing carbon atom and a conductivity controlling element selected from the group consisting of boron, aluminum, gallium, indium and thallium belonging to group III of the Periodic Table or from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony and bismuth belonging to group V of the Periodic Table in an uneven state in the thicknesswise direction, and optionally at least one kind selected from oxygen atom and nitrogen atom in this order from the side of a substrate.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hiroshi Amada, Tatsuyuki Aoike, Takehito Yoshino, Ryuji Okamura
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Patent number: 4954413Abstract: A method for making a photoconductive powder which comprises the steps of preparing fine particles of metal oxide or metal hydroxide by hydrolyzing a metal alkoxide or metal acetylacetonate; and immersing the fine particles into pigment containing suspensions to provide three types of composite particles. Each of the suspensions contains a respective pigment having a spectral absorption band within the wavelength region of a one of the primary colors of the additive principle. Each type of the resultant composite particles is composed of the fine particles of the metal oxide or metal hydroxide and the associated pigment as a principal component.Type: GrantFiled: October 18, 1989Date of Patent: September 4, 1990Assignee: Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Fusaoki Uchikawa, Kenji Nomura
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Patent number: 4929527Abstract: A photoconductive composition which exhibits excellent dark reduction retention, excellent sensitivity to radiation from the near infrared region to the infrared region as well as excellent long-term stability, is comprised of an inorganic photoconductor, a cyclic acid anhydride and a spectral sensitizing dye dispersed in a binding resin. A laser beam scanning exposure can be performed on said composition to produce electrophotographic images.Type: GrantFiled: April 22, 1988Date of Patent: May 29, 1990Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Eiichi Kato, Shigeru Ohno, Kazuo Ishii, Ryosuke Itakura
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Patent number: 4906541Abstract: An electrophotographic recording element comprising(A) an electrically conducting base and(B) at least one photoconductive layer consisting essentially of(b.sub.1) at least one binder,(b.sub.2) at least one sensitizer which on exposure of layer (B) generates charge carriers and which is selected from the group of the naphtholactam dyes of the general structure I ##STR1## where the indices and variables have specified meanings, (b.sub.3) at least one photoconductor which transports the generated charge carriers and optionally(b.sub.4) additives, and also novel naphtholactam dyes of the general formula I where R.sup.2 is substituted monocyclic 1,3-thiazolyl bonded to the naphtholactam structure via a carbon ring atom, the use of these novel naphtholactams I in electrophotographic and laser-optical recording elements and also novel reprographic processes and novel processes for producing offset printing plates and photoresists using the novel electrophotographic recording element.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1988Date of Patent: March 6, 1990Assignee: BASF AktiengesellschaftInventors: Matthias Dust, Peter Neumann, Reinhold J. Leyrer
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Patent number: 4900646Abstract: A method of producing an electrophotographic recording material, in which an aluminum substrate is coated with a blocking layer. The blocking layer is coated with a layer of amorphous silicon by direct current magnetron cathode sputtering. At least one sputter target containing silicon is used, and a power density of from about 2.0 W/cm.sup.2 to about 30 W/cm.sup.2 is used for the sputtering. The sputtering is performed in an atmosphere containing hydrogen and an inert gas, with a total pressure of inert gas and hydrogen being in a range from about 1.times.10.sup.-3 to about 10.times.10.sup.-3 mbar. This produces a layer of amorphous silicon having a hydrogen content of more than 40 atom %, an inert gas content in a range of 0.01 to 10 atom %, and in which the relative peak heights of the low and high temperature peaks during hydrogen effusion are approximately equal. The amorphous silicon layer is then coated with a cover layer.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1988Date of Patent: February 13, 1990Assignee: Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-GmbHInventors: Wilhelm Senske, Ekkehard Niemann, Roland Herkert, Guido Blang
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Patent number: 4892800Abstract: An improved photosensitive member for use in electrophotography which is characterized by having a substrate and a photoconductive layer comprising a carbonic film, the nucleus of which matrix being carbon atom, which contains 30 atomic % or less of hydrogen atom and at least one selected from the elements of Group III and Group V of the Periodic Table, and which has an optical band gap of more than 1.5 eV and an electrical conductivity of 10.sup.-11 .OMEGA..sup.-1 cm.sup.-1 or less.It is always and substantially stable regardless of the changes in use environments and it enables to make highly resolved images with a clear half-tone which are highly dense and quality at high speed.Type: GrantFiled: September 18, 1987Date of Patent: January 9, 1990Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Masao Sugata, Tatsuo Takeuchi, Hiroshi Satomura, Yoshihiro Oguchi, Akio Maruyama, Keishi Saito, Tohru Den, Susumu Ito, Keiji Hirabayashi, Keiko Ikoma, Noriko Kurihara, Kuniji Osabe
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Patent number: 4876168Abstract: A photosensitive member comprising an electrically conductive substrate, a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer comprising amorphous carbon which contains hydrogen.The charge transporting layer contains about 0.1 to about 10 atomic % of chalcogen atoms or transition metal elements based on all the constituent atoms therein.The photosensitive member of this construction is excellent in electrophotographic characteristics inclusive of charge transportability and charging ability.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 1988Date of Patent: October 24, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Hideo Hotomi, Izumi Osawa, Syuji Iino, Isao Doi, Masanori Fujiwara
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Patent number: 4871632Abstract: A photosensitive member of the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a hydrogenated and/or halogenated amorphous silicon:germanium charge generating layer and a hydrogen-containing amorphous carbon charge transporting layer which contains halogen and oxygen and/or nitrogen. The charge generating layer may further contain various elements such as boron or phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon as a chemical modifier.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1987Date of Patent: October 3, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Syuji Iino, Izumi Osawa, Hideo Hotomi
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Patent number: 4868077Abstract: A photosensitive material for electrophotography is provided, which comprises in sequence an electroconductive substrate, a carrier transport layer composed of a selenium-arsenic alloy, a carrier generation layer composed of a selenium-tellurium alloy and a surface coating layer composed of a selenium-arsenic alloy. The present invention further relates to a photosensitive material having a carrier transport layer that is doped with iodine as well.Type: GrantFiled: May 10, 1988Date of Patent: September 19, 1989Assignee: Fuji Electric Co., Ltd.Inventor: Mitsuru Narita
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Patent number: 4868076Abstract: A photosensitive member of the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a hydrogenated and/or halogenated amorphous silicon:germanium charge generating layer and a hydrogen-containing amorphous carbon charge transporting layer which contains oxygen and/or nitrogen. The charge generating layer may further contain various elements such as boron or phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen and carbon as a chemical modifier.Type: GrantFiled: September 25, 1987Date of Patent: September 19, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Syuji Iino, Izumi Osawa, Hideo Hotomi
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Patent number: 4863820Abstract: This invention discloses a photosensitive member which comprises in the order an electrically conductive substrate, a first layer region of amorphous silicon including carbon, a second layer region of amorphous silicon and a third layer region of amorphous silicon including germanium. Group IIIA impurity of the Periodic Table is included in all the layer region so as to be most enriched at the first layer region. The first layer region comprises a first amorphous silicon transient layer to assure the adhesion between the first and second layer region. Similarly, the third layer region comprises a second amorphous silicon transient layer to assure the adhesion between the second and third layer region.This invention further relates to a process for producing by glow discharge a photosensitive member of the present invention.Type: GrantFiled: June 30, 1986Date of Patent: September 5, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Izumi Osawa
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Patent number: 4859552Abstract: An electrophotographic photoreceptor constituted by a conductive substrate, and a photoconductive layer, provided on the conductive substrate, for generating photocarriers upon radiation of light is disclosed. The photoconductive layer has a charge-generating layer and a charge-retaining layer. The charge-generating layer comprises a semiconductor containing silicon as a major constituent. The charge-retaining layer comprises a multilayered body constituted by alternately stacking first amorphous semiconductor layers containing silicon as a major constituent and second amorphous semiconductor layers containing silicon as a major constituent and at least one element selected from the group consisting of carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen. A concentration of the element is changed in a direction of thickness of the charge-retaining layer for each second amorphous semiconductor layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1988Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Shuji Yoshizawa, Tatsuya Ikezue
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Patent number: 4859553Abstract: Disclosed is an electrographic imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate; and in contact therewith components comprised of regions of a photogenerating substance dispersed in a charge transporting material comprised of plasma deposited silicon oxide with at least 50 atomic percent of oxygen.Type: GrantFiled: May 4, 1987Date of Patent: August 22, 1989Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Frank Jansen, Joseph Mort
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Patent number: 4857431Abstract: A photoconductive composition is disclosed, comprising at least an inorganic photoconductive material, a sensitizing dye and a resin binder wherein the sensitizing dye is a compound containing at least one acidic group in the molecule thereof as represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein all the symbols are as defined in the appended claims.Type: GrantFiled: November 16, 1987Date of Patent: August 15, 1989Assignee: Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.Inventors: Eiichi Kato, Kazuo Ishii
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Patent number: 4849315Abstract: A process for restoring imaging members, which comprises (1) providing a hydrogenated or halogenated amorphous silicon imaging member subsequent to its utilization in and removal from an electrophotographic imaging apparatus; and (2) contacting this member with a fluorine containing composition for an effective time period thereby resulting in an imaging member that when incorporated into an electrophotographic imaging apparatus enables the achievement of images with substantially no white spots as compared to the removed member.Type: GrantFiled: July 20, 1987Date of Patent: July 18, 1989Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Damodar M. Pai, Santokh S. Badesha
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Patent number: 4841328Abstract: An electrostatic recording apparatus comprises a photosensitive drum. The photosensitive drum comprises a bulk layer of amorphous silicon formed on a support, and in the bulk layer, a first layer region is formed at the support side and a second layer region is formed at the surface side. The first layer region is formed in a manner of comprising hydrogen of 0.01-40 atomic %, oxygen of 0.1-40 atomic % and boron of 5.times.10.sup.-6 -1.0 atomic %. On the other hand, oxygen and boron are not doped virtually in the second layer region and generation of carrier traps is suppressed in this non-doped second layer region. Furthermore, the peak wavelengths of the lights irradiated onto the photosensitive drum from both a light source for exposure and light source for discharge are set shorter than 650 nm, and preferably shorter than 600 nm.Type: GrantFiled: August 4, 1986Date of Patent: June 20, 1989Assignee: Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masaru Takeuchi, Takeo Fukatsu, Shoichi Nakano, Yukinori Kuwano, Koji Minami, Masayuki Iwamoto
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Patent number: 4820846Abstract: Compounds which are useful as sensitizers of photoconductors, having the general formula: ##STR1## in which: like symbols represent identical substituents,at least 4 of R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 represent hydrogen atoms and the remaining R.sup.1 to R.sup.9 pairs of groups independently represent:(i) hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a substituted alkyl group, or an aryl or substituted aryl group,(ii) a halogen atom, a cyano group, a carboxy or alkoxycarbonyl group, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group, a nitro group or a sulfonic acid group, providing that not more than two such groups (ii) are present in each ring,(iii) an acylamino group, a secondary acylamino group or a tertiary amino group in which the pendant substituent groups on the nitrogen atom are alkyl, aryl or aralkyl, providing not more than two such groups (iii) may be present in each benzocarbazole ring, and(iv) any two groups R.sup.1 to R.sup.Type: GrantFiled: September 12, 1983Date of Patent: April 11, 1989Assignee: Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing CompanyInventors: D. E. Brown, Kenneth Reynolds
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Patent number: 4818656Abstract: An electrophotographic image forming member comprises a substrate and a photoconductive layer overlying the substrate and composed of a hydrogenated amorphous silicon containing 0.001-1000 atomic ppm of carbon as an impurity based on silicon.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1988Date of Patent: April 4, 1989Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tadaji Fukuda, Yutaka Hirai, Katsumi Nakagawa, Toshiyuki Komatsu
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Patent number: 4818655Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by an absorption layer for light of long wavelength formed of a polycrystal material containing silicon atoms and germanium atoms, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and a surface layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range of from 1.times.10.sup.-3 to 40 atomic %. The light receiving layer may have a charge injection inhibition layer or/and a contact layer.Type: GrantFiled: February 26, 1987Date of Patent: April 4, 1989Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shigeru Shirai, Keishi Saito, Takayoshi Arai, Minoru Kato, Yasushi Fujioka
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Patent number: 4810606Abstract: A photosensitive member of the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate, a charge generating layer and a charge transporting layer comprising amorphous carbon which contains hydrogen.The charge transporting layer contains about 0.1 to about 7 atomic % of oxygen and/or about 0.1 to about 5 atomic % of nitrogen based on all the constituent atoms therein.The photosensitive member of this construction is excellent in electrophotographic characteristics inclusive of charge transportability and charging ability.Type: GrantFiled: July 2, 1987Date of Patent: March 7, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shuji Iino, Hideo Hotomi, Isao Doi, Mitsutoshi Nakamura, Izumi Osawa
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Patent number: 4810609Abstract: The present invention provides a photosensitive member having a charge transporting layer containing a new enamine compound which has a specific substituent on the terminal carbon of the enamine bone, which give an excellent charge transportability.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1987Date of Patent: March 7, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Hideaki Ueda
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Patent number: 4808505Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member, which comprises enamine compounds having a specific substituent on the nitrogen atom constituting the enamine bone, and has an excellent charge transportability.Type: GrantFiled: April 7, 1987Date of Patent: February 28, 1989Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Hideaki Ueda
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Patent number: 4804608Abstract: A photoreceptor for electrophotography which comprises an electroconductive substrate and a photoconductive layer formed thereon, said photoconductive layer essentially consisting of a thin film of amorphous silicon alloy containing at least one of hydrogen and fluorine and having the formula: a-Si.sub.1-m X.sub.m :Y wherein X is C, N or O, Y is at least one of H and F and m is a number of not less than zero and less than one, m being gradually decreased from the top surface of the photoconductive layer to the middle part of the photoconductive layer and gradually increased from the middle part of the photoconductive layer to the interface of the photoconductive layer with the electroconductive substrate in the direction of thickness, said photoreceptor having good electric charging property and photoconductivity characteristics.Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 1987Date of Patent: February 14, 1989Assignee: Kanegafuchi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.Inventor: Yoshihisa Tawada
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Patent number: 4795688Abstract: A photoconductive member comprises a support for a photoconductive member and an amorphous layer having photoconductivity and containing an amorphous material comprising silicon atom as a matrix, said amorphous layer having a first layer region containing oxygen atoms and a second layer region containing Group III atoms of the Periodic Table Such that said Group III atoms are continuously distributed in the direction of the layer thickness and enriched at the support side and wherein oxygen is absent from said amorphous layer exclusive of the first layer region, said first layer region being present internally in the support side portion of the amorphous layer, and there being the following relationship:To/T.ltoreq.1where To is the layer thickness of the first layer region and T results from subtracting To from the layer thickness of the amorphous layer.Type: GrantFiled: April 17, 1987Date of Patent: January 3, 1989Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Teruo Misumi, Kyosuke Ogawa, Junichiro Kanbe, Keishi Saitoh, Yoichi Osato, Shigeru Shirai
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Patent number: 4795691Abstract: This is provided an improved light receiving member having at least a photoconductive layer constituted with A-Si(H,X) series material and a surface layer constituted with A-Si(C,O,N)(H,X) for use in electrophotography, etc. which is characterized in that the atom(C,O,N) is contained in the surface layer in a state that the concentration of the atom(C,O,N) is grown increasingly starting from the position of the interface between the surface layer and the photoconductive layer while leaving a portion corresponding to a refractive index difference (.DELTA.n) [.DELTA.n.ltoreq.0.62] between the refractive index of the surface layer and that of the photoconductive layer which can be disregarded in the image-making process toward the free surface of the surface layer.Type: GrantFiled: April 15, 1987Date of Patent: January 3, 1989Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tetsuya Takei, Tatsuyuki Aoike, Minoru Kato, Keishi Saito
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Patent number: 4792509Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a charge injection inhibition layer formed of a polycrystal material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and an element for controlling the conductivity which functions to prevent a charge from being injected from the side of the substrate, a photoconductive layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and a surface layer formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range from 41 to 70 atomic %. The light receiving layer may have a contact layer and/or an absorption layer of light having a long wavelength.Type: GrantFiled: February 2, 1987Date of Patent: December 20, 1988Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shigeru Shirai, Keishi Saitoh, Takayoshi Arai, Minoru Kato, Yasushi Fujioka
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Patent number: 4791040Abstract: The photoconductive layer (3) has a triple-layer structure comprised of an upper layer (33) made of amorphous silicon containing germanium and carbon, a middle layer (32) made of amorphous silicon containing germanium, and a lower layer (31) made of amorphous silicon. The upper layer (33) formed between a surface layer (4) and the middle layer (32), and the lower layer (31) formed between the middle layer (32) and a barrier layer (2) serve to reduce the energy difference and the interfacial state between respective layers thus, high electrophotographic sensitivity for a longer wavelength light can be obtained, and sensitivity in the oscillation wavelength of a GaAlAs diode laser improves effectively.Type: GrantFiled: April 20, 1987Date of Patent: December 13, 1988Assignees: Hitachi Ltd., Hitachi Chemical Company, Ltd.Inventors: Makoto Fujikura, Toshiyuki Ohno, Shigeharu Onuma, Kunihiro Tamahashi, Mitsuo Chigasaki, Yasuo Shimamura
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Patent number: 4788120Abstract: There is provided an improved light receiving member for use in electrophotography comprising a substrate for electrophotography and a light receiving layer constituted by a photoconductive layer and a surface layer, the photoconductive layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and at least one kind selected from hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms and the surface layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, and the amount of the hydrogen atoms contained in the surface layer being in the range of 41 to 70 atomic %.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1988Date of Patent: November 29, 1988Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shigeru Shirai, Keishi Saito, Takayoshi Arai, Minoru Kato, Yasushi Fujioka
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Patent number: 4786571Abstract: The present invention relates to a photosensitive member containing a specific hydrazone compound for a charge transporting agent, which is improved in sensitivity, chargeability, resistivity over repeated use and stability.Type: GrantFiled: May 20, 1987Date of Patent: November 22, 1988Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Hideaki Ueda
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Patent number: 4786574Abstract: A light-receiving member for electrophotography comprises a substrate and a light-receiving layer provided on the substrate comprising a photoconductive layer exhibiting photoconductivity comprising an amorphous material containing at least one of hydrogen atoms and halogen atoms as the constituent in a matrix of silicon atoms and a surface layer comprising an amorphous material containing silicon atoms, carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms and the constituents, said surface layer being changed in the distribution concentration in the layer thickness direction of the constituent elements such that matching optical gap is obtained at the interface with said photoconductive layer, and the maximum distribution concentration of the hydrogen atoms within said surface layer being 41 to 70 atomic percent.Type: GrantFiled: February 5, 1987Date of Patent: November 22, 1988Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Shigeru Shirai, Keishi Saitoh, Takayoshi Arai, Minoru Kato, Yasushi Fujioka
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Patent number: 4780384Abstract: There is provided a light receiving member comprising a first layer and a second layer being laminated on a substrate, said first layer comprising (a) a layer of less than 100 .ANG. in thickness and (b) another layer of less than 100 .ANG. in thickness being laminated one upon the other, said layer (a) being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and an element for controlling the conductivity and said layer (b) being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms and at least one kind element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen atoms, carbon atoms and oxygen atoms, and said second layer being formed of an amorphous material containing silicon atoms as the main constituent atoms.Type: GrantFiled: December 24, 1986Date of Patent: October 25, 1988Assignee: Canon Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Keishi Saitoh
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Patent number: 4770963Abstract: A photoresponsive imaging member comprised of a supporting substrate; a barrier layer of hydrogenated amorphous silicon with dopants therein; a photoconductive layer of hydrogenated amorphous silicon; a first overcoating layer of nonstoichiometric silicon nitride; and a second overcoating layer of a silicone-silica hybrid polymer.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1987Date of Patent: September 13, 1988Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Damodar M. Pai, Richard L. Schank, Paul J. DeFeo
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Patent number: 4769302Abstract: A photosensitive member according to the present invention comprises an electrically conductive substrate and a photosensitive layer comprising a binder resin and a styryl compound dispersed therein and represented by the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 each represent hydrogen or an alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or heterocyclic group, the aryl, aralkyl and heterocyclic groups having or not having a substituent, R.sub.2, R.sub.4 and R.sub.6 each represent a substituted or unsubstituted aryl, aralkyl or heterocyclic group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 taken together form a ring, and R.sub.7, R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 each represent hydrogen or an alkyl, alkoxyl, aralkyl or aryl group.A photosensitive member of this structure exhibits high sensitivity, is outstanding in the ability to retain charges and in charge transporting ability and less prone to deterioration when repeatedly used.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1987Date of Patent: September 6, 1988Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Hideaki Ueda
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Patent number: 4769303Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive substrate, a blocking layer formed on the conductive substrate, a photoconductive layer, formed on the blocking layer and a surface layer formed on the photoconductive layer. The blocking layer is formed from a microcrystalline silicon, which is made a p-type by being heavily doped with an element of Group III of the Periodic Table. The photoconductive layer is formed from an amorphous silicon which is lightly doped with an impurity element, and which is similar in properties to an intrinsic semiconductor. Rectifying contact is formed between the photoconductive layer and the blocking layer so that a depletion layer is formed by that interface toward the interior of the photoconductive layer. By so doing, it is possible to obtain a photosensitive member having a high sensitivity in the range from visible light to near-infrared light.Type: GrantFiled: February 24, 1987Date of Patent: September 6, 1988Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha ToshibaInventors: Tsuyoshi Ueno, Akira Sanjoh
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Patent number: 4758487Abstract: Disclosed is a photoresponsive imaging member comprised of certain hydrogenated, or halogenated amorphous boron.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1986Date of Patent: July 19, 1988Assignee: Xerox CorporationInventors: Milan Stolka, Damodar M. Pai
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Patent number: 4740442Abstract: Optical components (16), particularly germanium components, are provided with a coating on exposed surface (15) within a vacuum chamber (17) by production of a glow discharge plasma containing carbon and another depositable element from feedstock gases which are fed to the chamber (17) via mass-glow rate controllers (9, 10, 11). The mass flow rate of the feedstock gases is maintained substantially constant at predetermined levels during respective time intervals to provide a multilayer coating of predetermined characteristics. Typically the coating has at least one first layer which is amorphous hydrogenated germanium carbide, at least one second layer which is amorphous hydrogenated germanium and at least one third layer which is amorphous hydrogenated carbon, these layers being ordered such that each second layer is bounded on each side by a first layer and the third layer is bounded on one side by a first layer, the other side of the third layer forming the exposed surface of the coating.Type: GrantFiled: May 12, 1986Date of Patent: April 26, 1988Assignee: Barr & Stroud LimitedInventors: Ewan M. Waddell, James S. Orr, Brian C. Monachan
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Patent number: 4738914Abstract: The invention disclosed relates to a photosensitive member with an amorphous silicon photoconductive layer. On the photoconductive layer, an insulating layer including amorphous silicon, carbon and oxygen is formed. The amount of carbon is 5 to 65 atomic % and less than 10 atomic % for oxygen if both carbon and oxygen are included uniformly throughout the layer. An amorphous silicon barrier layer containing either oxygen and boron or oxygen and carbon may be formed between the substrate and the photoconductive layer.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 1986Date of Patent: April 19, 1988Assignee: Minolta Camera Kabushiki KaishaInventor: Hiroshi Mizuno
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Patent number: 4734346Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a photosensitive material for electrophotography that comprises forming a photosensitive layer on a substrate, wherein said photosensitive layer is constructed by laminating a charge transfer layer, a first charge carrier generating layer and a second charge carrier generating layer in order from said substrate side to free surface, and said charge transfer layer and second charge carrier generating layer each has a band gap wider than that of said first charge carrier generating layer.Type: GrantFiled: May 7, 1986Date of Patent: March 29, 1988Assignees: Ricoh Co., Ltd., Ricoh Research Institute of General Electronics Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masafumi Kumano, Koichi Haga, Yasuyuki Shindoh
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Patent number: RE32744Abstract: .[.An electrophotographic recording material comprises a conductive substrate, a first photoconductive selenium layer containing halogen disposed on the substrate, and a second photoconductive selenium layer containing arsenic disposed on the second photo conductive layer. The first photo conductive layer disposed on the substrate additionally contains arsenic..]. .Iadd.An electrophotographic recording material comprising a conductive substrate, a first photoconductive selenium layer containing arsenic and halogen disposed on the substrate, and a second photoconductive selenium layer containing tellurium, and optionally containing arsenic, disposed on the first photoconductive layer..Iaddend.Type: GrantFiled: September 24, 1986Date of Patent: September 6, 1988Assignee: Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs- GmbHInventors: Hartmut Dulken, Karlheinz Kassel, Wolfgang Mows, Hubert Walsdorfer