Abstract: A coryneform bacterium which has an L-glutamic acid-producing ability and grows at least at the same growth rate as a non-mutated strain or a wild-type strain and has intracellular ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity which is less than half that of the non-mutated or wild-type strain, and is obtained by introducing a mutation into a coding region or an expression control region of the chromosomal odhA gene encoding the E1o subunit of the ?-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex.

Abstract: An organic nitrogen-containing composition comprising fermentation mother liquor obtained by culturing a microorganism having L-glutamic acid-producing ability in a liquid medium of which pH is adjusted to a condition under which L-glutamic acid is allowed to be precipitated, to allow L-glutamic acid to be produced and accumulated with precipitation of L-glutamic acid accompanied, and then separating L-glutamic acid from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel microorganisms, Brevibacterium lactofermentum CJJA21 (Accession No. KCCM-10222), which is resistant to sodium azide, and Brevibacterium lactofermentum CJJA22 (Accession No. KCCM-10223), which is resistant to ?-aminobutyric acid. These microorganisms are capable of producing L-glutamine in a higher yield than the known strains. The present invention further provides processes for producing L-glutamine using the microorganisms of the invention.

Abstract: A methane-utilizing microorganism capable of producing L-amino acid, for example, bacteria belonging to type I, type X or type II in the taxonomic categorization methane-utilizing bacteria such as Methylomonas albus, Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylosinus trichosporium, is cultivated in a culture medium in contact with gas containing methane which is the main source of carbon, to allow the L-amino acid to be produced and accumulated in the medium, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleotide sequences from Coryneform bacteria which code for the PtsI protein and a process for the fermentative preparation of amino acids using bacteria in which the ptsI gene is enhanced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the processes of racemization and deprotection of special N-protected amino acids in the acylase/racemase system for the total conversion of special N-protected racemic amino acids into optically pure amino acids.

Abstract: Glutaminase is purified from an Aspergillus oryzae, its partial amino acid sequence is determined, a partial sequence of glutaminase gene is obtained by PCR based on the obtained information, and DNA fragments containing glutaminase gene from Aspergillus oryzae genomic library and cDNA library, and Aspergillus nidulans genomic library by hybridization using the partial sequence as a probe.

Abstract: Salt-resistant Bacillus subtilis var. chungkookjang, accession no. KCTC 0697BP, separated from “chungkookjang” a traditional Korean fermented soy bean paste and its poly-gamma-glutamic acid (or poly-gamma-glutamate, g-PGA), an edible, soluble, anionic, and biodegradable high molecular-weight polymer. Bacillus subtilis var. chungkookjang produces g-PGA with a higher molecular weight than other extracellular g-PGAs derived from general Bacillus sp. strains and can be utilized for the development of high value-added products, such as cosmetics, absorption agents, and biodegradable plastic materials.

Abstract: In a method for producing an L-amino acid by culturing a microorganism having an ability to produce an L-amino acid in a medium to produce and accumulate the L-amino acid in the medium and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium, a Gram-negative bacterium having the Entner-Doudoroff pathway and modified so that 6-phosphogluconate dehydratase activity or 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate aldolase activity, or activities of the both are enhanced is used as the microorganism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a penicillin binding protein, DNA encoding the protein and methods of producing L-glutamic acid in Corynebacterium glutamicum, which has a reduction of penicillin binding protein activity.

Abstract: A microorganism which can metabolize a carbon source at a specific pH in a liquid medium containing L-glutamic acid at a saturation concentration and the carbon source, and has ability to accumulate L-glutamic acid in an amount exceeding the amount corresponding to the saturation concentration in the liquid medium at the pH; and a method for producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, which comprises culturing the microorganism in a liquid medium of which pH is adjusted to a pH at which L-glutamic acid is precipitated, to produce and accumulate L-glutamic acid and precipitate L-glutamic acid in the medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for manufacturing highly-concentrated polyglutamic acid by culturing an aerobic micro-organism of Bascillus sp. with the additional supply of saccharides. The method for manufacturing polyglutamic acid comprises a step of culturing Bascillus sp. in a fed-batch or batch culture while supplying saccharides to the culture. Since the method for manufacturing highly-concentrated polyglutamic acid can be applicable to the industrial scale fermentation, mass production of polyglutamic acid can be feasible in a cost-efficient way.

Abstract: L-Glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia, which is L-isoleucine auxotrophic and has ability to produce L-glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine, in a medium containing L-isoleucine, to produce and accumulate L-glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine in a culture, and collecting L-glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine from the culture.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel microorganisms, Brevibacterium lactofermentum CJJA21 (Accession No. KCCM-10222), which is resistant to sodium azide, and Brevibacterium lactofermentum CJJA22 (Accession No. KCCM-10223), which is resistant to ?-aminobutyric acid. These microorganisms are capable of producing L-glutamine in a higher yield than the known strains. The present invention further provides processes for producing L-glutamine using the microorganisms of the invention.

Abstract: A bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia and having an ability to produce an L-amino acid, wherein the ability to produce the L-amino acid is increased by increasing an expression amount of an L-amino acid excretion protein, and a method for producing the L-amino acid using the bacterium.

Abstract: A method of producing coryneform bacteria having improved amino acid or nucleic acid productivity comprising the steps of introducing a mutation in a promoter sequence of amino acid- or nucleic acid-biosynthesizing genes on a chromosome of a coryneform bacterium to make it close to a consensus sequence, or introducing a change in a promoter sequence of amino acid- or nucleic acid-biosynthesizing genes on a chromosome of a coryneform bacterium by gene recombination to make it close to a consensus sequence, to obtain mutants of the coryneform amino acid- or nucleic acid-producing microorganism, culturing the mutants and selecting a mutant capable of producing the intended amino acid or nucleic acid in a large amount. This method allows the construction of a mutant capable of enriching or controlling the expression of an intended gene without using a plasmid and to promote production of amino acids in a high yield by recombination or mutation.

Abstract: A method for enzymatically synthesizing a polymer by combining a preselected quantity of an enzyme, a first reactant selected from polymers with at least one carboxylic acid pendant group, a second reactant selected from alcohols, i.e., polyols, in a reaction vessel; heating the reaction vessel to a preselected temperature; and maintaining the reaction vessel at the preselected temperature for a preselected time with mixing, wherein an esterification reaction results at at least one carboxylic acid pendant group of the polymer with one hydroxyl group from the polyol and results in a modified polymer.

Abstract: Glutaminase which comprises (a) a protein comprising an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, or (b) a protein which comprises an amino acid sequence having deletion, substitution, or addition of one or plurality of amino acids relative to the amino acid sequence (a), and has glutaminase activity. A glutaminase gene which encodes (a) a protein comprising an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, or (b) a protein which comprises an amino acid sequence having deletion, substitution, or addition of one or a plurality of amino acids relative to the amino acid sequence (a), and has glutaminase activity. The present invention enables glutaminase to be produced efficiently and thus greatly contributes to the relevant industries.

Abstract: The invention relates to isolated nucleotide sequences from Coryneform bacteria which code for the pck gene encoding the enzyme phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEP carboxykinase). The invention also relates a process for the fermentative preparation of L-amino acids, in particular L-lysine, L-threonine, and L-glutamate by attenuation of the pck gene.

Abstract: A coryneform bacterium which has enhanced intracellular pyruvate carboxylase activity obtained by increasing copy number of a gene encoding the intracellular pyruvate carboxylase, or by enhancing function of a expression regulatory sequence for the gene, and has L-glutamic acid-producing ability is cultured in a medium so that L-glutamic acid should be produced and accumulated in the culture, and L-glutamic acid is collected from the culture.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method to detect unlabeled nucleic acids (DNA and/or RNA) in a taxa, species, and organelle-specific fashion using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) imaging. Taxa-specific, species-specific, or organelle-specific nucleic acids are affixed to an SPR-suitable substrate. A nucleic acid sample to be analyzed is then contacted with the SPR-substrate and the substrate analyzed to determine the presence or absence of specific hybridization between the nucleic acids bound to the substrate and the nucleic acids contained in the sample. The method does not require that either the bound nucleic acids nor the sample nucleic acids be labeled. The method can be used to identify the source of nucleic acids, their sequence, as well as to identify organisms and place them within a given taxonomic hierarchy.

Abstract: Glutaminase is purified from an Aspergillus oryzae, its partial amino acid sequence is determined, a partial sequence of glutaminase gene is obtained by PCR based on the obtained information, and DNA fragments containing glutaminase gene from Aspergillus oryzae genomic library and cDNA library, and Aspergillus nidulans genomic library hybridization using the partial sequence as a probe.

Abstract: Glutaminase is purified from an Aspergillus oryzae, its partial amino acid sequence is determined, a partial sequence of glutaminase gene is obtained by PCR based on the obtained information, and DNA fragments containing glutaminase gene from Aspergillus oryzae genomic library and cDNA library, and Aspergillus nidulans genomic library by hybridization using the partial sequence as a probe.

Abstract: Provided are an isolated gene capable of participating in the production of L-homoglutamic acid, and a production system of L-homoglutamic acid by using this gene. The gene is derived from the genome of Flavobacterium lutescens.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleotide sequences coding for the accDA gene and to a process for the preparation of L-amino acids, especially L-lysine, by fermentation using corynebacteria in which the accDA gene is amplified.

Abstract: L-Glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine is produced by culturing a bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia, which is L-isoleucine auxotrophic and has ability to produce L-glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine, in a medium containing L-isoleucine, to produce and accumulate L-glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine in a culture, and collecting L-glutamic acid, L-proline or L-arginine from the culture.

Abstract: L-glutamine is produced by culturing a coryneform bacterium having L-glutamine-producing ability and modified so that intracellular glutaminase activity is reduced, and preferably also modified so that intracellular glutamine synthetase activity is enhanced. The method of production includes culturing the bacterium in a medium, followed by accumulation of L-glutamine in the medium and collecting the L-glutamine from the medium.

Abstract: A method for extracting taxanes such as taxol, including the use of supercritical fluids.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of reducing photooxidation or air oxidation in susceptible materials such as food, plastics or pharmaceuticals comprising mixing the material with an antioxidation composition comprising at least one amino acid, at least one metal ion, and at least one carboxylic acid in an amount effective to reduce photooxidation in the material.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of L -amino acids from their racemic N-acetyl-D,L derivatives by enzymatic resolution by means of isolated, recombinant enzymes A process for the preparation of proteinogenic or nonproteinogenic L-amino acids, in particular L-phosphinothricin, from their racemic N-acetyl-D,L derivatives comprises a) selectively deacetylating N-acetyl-L derivatives of the corresponding L-amino acids by an enzymatic resolution by means of isolated, recombinant enzymes, while N-acetyl-D derivatives of the corresponding D-amino acids are not deacetylated and (b) separating the deacetylated L-amino acids obtained preparatively from the nondeacetylated N-acetyl-D derivatives and/or the incompletely deacetylated N-acetyl-L derivatives.

Abstract: A method for producing L-glutamic acid which comprises culturing a microorganism belonging to the genus Klebsiella, Erwinia or Pantoea and having an ability to produce L-glutamic acid in a culture medium, and collecting produced L-glutamic acid from the culture medium. The microbial strain used is preferably a strain which decreases in or is deficient in an activity of an enzyme catalyzing a reaction branching from a pathway for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis and producing a compound other than L-glutamic acid, or a strain which increase in an activity of an enzyme catalyzing a reaction for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the microbial production of metabolic products, polynucleotides from coryne-form bacteria and use thereof. According to the invention, by means of said method and polynucleotides it is possible to influence the synthesis of ATP in a controlled manner and also to control the synthesis of metabolic products. The invention relates to genes from Corynebacterium glutamicum coding for cytochrome aa3 oxidase and the cytochrome bc1 complex. The monocistronic ctaD gene codes for a 65 kDa protein, the primary structure of which displays all the typical properties of the sub-unit I of cytochrome aa3 oxidase. The genes which code for the sub-unit III of the cytochrome aa3 (ctaE) and the three characteristic sub-units of the cytochrome bc1 complex (qcrABC) are arranged in a group with the sequence ctaE-qcrCAB.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polynucleotides corresponding to the plsC gene and which encode 1-acyl-SN-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, methods of producing L-amino acids, and methods of screening for polynucleotides which encode proteins having 1-acyl-SN-glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase activity.

Abstract: Disclosed is a nucleic acid molecule from nematodes encoding for glutamine synthetase (GS) polypeptides. The GS-like polypeptide sequence is also provided, as are vectors, host cells, and recombinant methods for production of GS-like nucleotides and polypeptides. The invention further relates to screening methods for identifying inhibitors and/or activators, as well as methods for antibody production.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the processes of racemization and deprotection of special N-protected amino acids in the acylase/racemase system for the total conversion of special N-protected racemic amino acids into optically pure amino acids.

Abstract: A method for producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, which comprises culturing a microorganism having L-glutamic acid-producing ability in a medium having pH of 5.0 or less, wherein a total content of an organic acid that inhibits growth of the microorganism at the pH is one at which the growth of the microorganism is not inhibited; and a method for producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, which comprises culturing a microorganism having L-glutamic acid-producing ability at a first pH at which growth of the microorganism is not inhibited by an organic acid in a medium, and then culturing the microorganism at a second pH that is suitable for L-glutamic acid production by the microorganism and is lower than the first pH.

Abstract: A method for producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, which comprises culturing a microorganism having L-glutamic acid-producing ability in a liquid medium of which pH is adjusted to a condition under which L-glutamic acid produced by the microorganism is allowed to be precipitated, to allow L-glutamic acid to be produced and accumulated with precipitation of L-glutamic acid accompanied, wherein an operation causing existence of L-glutamic acid crystals in the medium is performed when a concentration of L-glutamic acid in the medium is lower than the concentration at which spontaneous crystallization occurs.

Abstract: An organic nitrogen-containing composition comprising fermentation mother liquor obtained by culturing a microorganism having L-glutamic acid-producing ability in a liquid medium of which pH is adjusted to a condition under which L-glutamic acid is allowed to be precipitated, to allow L-glutamic acid to be produced and accumulated with precipitation of L-glutamic acid accompanied, and then separating L-glutamic acid from the medium.

Abstract: A methane-utilizing microorganism capable of producing L-amino acid, for example, bacteria belonging to type I, type X or type II in the taxonomic categorization methane-utilizing bacteria such as Methylomonas albus, Methylococcus capsulatus and Methylosinus trichosporium, is cultivated in a culture medium in contact with gas containing methane which is the main source of carbon, to allow the L-amino acid to be produced and accumulated in the medium, and the L-amino acid is collected from the medium.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a novel retinoic acid (RA) regulated gene whose expression product displays useful morphogenic/mitogenic properties.

Abstract: A multi-step process by which plant somatic embryos can be sown and germinated ex vitro using conventional seeding equipment, growing mixes, and plant propagation environments. The process most preferably comprises the steps of: placing a somatic embryo on or within a three-phase substrate, the phases comprising solid, liquid and gas phases, placing the substrate containing a somatic embryo into an environmentally-controlled plant-growing environment in which at least one environmental factor (i.e.

Abstract: Amino acids, such as L-glutamine, L-arginine, L-tryptophan, L-histidine and L-glutamate are produced using a bacterium belonging to the genus Escherichia harboring a mutant glutamine synthetase in which the tyrosine amino acid residue corresponding to position 397 in a wild type glutamine synthetase is replaced with any of amino acid residues, preferably with phenylalanine.

Abstract: A method for producing L-glutamic acid by fermentation, which comprises culturing a microorganism having L-glutamic acid-producing ability at a first pH that is suitable for growth of the microorganism, and then culturing the microorganism at a second pH that is suitable for L-glutamic acid production by the microorganism and is lower than the first pH.

Abstract: A coryneform bacterium which has enhanced intracellular pyruvate carboxylase activity obtained by increasing copy number of a gene encoding the intracellular pyruvate carboxylase, or by enhancing function of a expression regulatory sequence for the gene, and has L-glutamic acid-producing ability is cultured in a medium so that L-glutamic acid should be produced and accumulated in the culture, and L-glutamic acid is collected from the culture.

Abstract: L-Glutamic acid is produced by culturing in a liquid culture medium a microorganism belonging to the genus Enterobacter or Serratia and having an ability to produce L-glutamic acid, which increases in an activity of enzyme catalyzing a reaction for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis, or which decreases in or is deficient in an activity of an enzyme catalyzing a reaction branching from a pathway for L-glutamic acid biosynthesis and producing a compound other than L-glutamic acid, and collecting produced L-glutamic acid from the culture medium.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel microorganisms, Brevibacterium lactofermentum CJJA21 (Accession No. KCCM-10222), which is resistant to sodium azide, and Brevibacterium lactofermentum CJJA22 (Accession No. KCCM-10223), which is resistant to &agr;-aminobutyric acid. These microorganisms are capable of producing L-glutamine in a higher yield than the known strains. The present invention further provides processes for producing L-glutamine using the microorganisms of the invention.

Abstract: A DNA encoding the following protein (A) or (B) which participates in a temperature sensitivity to a surfactant of coryneform bacteria:

Abstract: A process is described for purifying an amino acid-containing solution by means of electrodialysis, wherein an amino acid-containing solution is employed which is obtained from the fermentation for producing at least one amino acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetically engineered recombinant RS viruses and viral vectors which contain heterologous genes which for the use as vaccines. In accordance with the present invention, the recombinant RS viral vectors and viruses are engineered to contain heterologous genes, including genes of other viruses, pathogens, cellular genes, tumor antigens, or to encode combinations of genes from different strains of RSV.

Abstract: The present invention is a substantially purified sortase-transamidase enzyme from Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus.