Abstract: The invention provides nucleic acids and polypeptides for enhanced expression of nucleic acids and proteins. In one aspect, the sequences serve as transcription and translation enhancers or stabilizers, and can be incorporated in expression constructs at or near the translation control elements. The invention provides methods of producing mRNA (transcripts) and proteins. The invention provides methods of discovering new enhancer elements.

Abstract: The invention relates to a yeast cell producing isobutanol, characterized in that the cell has an increased metabolic flow of material from pyruvate and acetolactate, 2,3-dihydroxy isovalerate, 2-ketoisovalerate, isobutyraldehyde to isobutanol, in that at least one of the genes coding the enzymes, which are involved in this conversion, is over-expressed, and without any of said genes being heterologous to said yeast cell, and to a method for the production of isobutanol using yeast cells, comprising the provision of the yeast cells according to the invention, and bringing the yeast cell into contact with a fermentable carbon source.

Abstract: The invention is directed to isolated microorganisms, as well as biomasses, cultures, microbial oils, and compositions thereof. The invention also provides methods of producing the microbial oils and methods of using the isolated microorganisms, biomasses, and microbial oils.

Abstract: This invention provides transgenomic mitochondria, transmitochondrial cells and organisms, and the materials and methods for making such mitochondria, cells and organisms.

Abstract: This disclosure provides compositions and methods for culturing microorganisms. The disclosure includes mixtures of different microorganisms, especially mixtures of cyanobacteria with fermentative microorganisms. For example, methods and compositions related to co-cultures of yeast and cyanobacteria are provided. Also provided are feedstocks derived from cyanobacteria as well as methods of making such feedstocks and methods of culturing microorganisms in such feedstocks.

Abstract: The present invention includes a method to produce a recombinant mite Group 1 protein in a methyltrophic yeast or an Escherichia coli microorganism. The present invention also relates to a recombinant mite Group 1 protein obtained by such a method, such a recombinant protein being able to selectively bind IgE or cause proliferation of a T cell that proliferate in response to a native mite Group 1 protein. Also included in the present invention is the use of such a recombinant mite Group 1 protein to detect mite allergy or to reduce an allergic response to a mite Group 1 protein. The present invention also includes novel mite Group 1 nucleic acid molecules, proteins, recombinant molecules, and recombinant cells, as well as uses thereof.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention illustrate methods of treating and preventing infection due to a pathogen such as a fungal pathogen. In particular, the present invention relates to compositions and methods for vaccinations against or treatment for a fungal organism in a non-immunocompromised or immunocompromised subject.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition comprising a polyunsaturated fatty acid having at least 20 carbon atoms (LC-PUFA) and cells, which composition has a thermal induction time (T.I.T.) of >24 hours at 40° C. The invention also relates to a process for drying a composition comprising cells and a LC-PUFA, the process comprising drying the composition at a temperature of below 40° C.

Abstract: Genetic recombinant yeast expressing xylose reductase (XR), (wild-type or mutant) xylitol dehydrogenase (XDH), and xylulokinase (XK) and a method for highly efficiently producing ethanol from xylose using the yeast are provided. Pichia stipitis-derived XR and (wild-type or modified-type) XDH genes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived XK gene were introduced via chromosomal integration. Thus, a genetic recombinant yeast having a high xylose fermentation rate, being capable of producing ethanol from xylose in high yields, and having high xylose fermentability in the presence of glucose, as well as a method using the recombinant yeast for highly efficiently producing ethanol from xylose or a saccharified solution from lignocellulose-based biomass are provided. Furthermore, a method for improving the xylose fermentability of the genetic recombinant yeast of the present invention via acclimatization treatment is also provided herein.

Abstract: The invention is directed to isolated microorganisms, as well as biomasses, cultures, microbial oils, and compositions thereof. The invention also provides methods of producing the microbial oils and methods of using the isolated microorganisms, biomasses, and microbial oils.

Abstract: This disclosure provided methods of cloning a phage genome. Also provided are methods of making a recombinant phage genome. In some embodiments the phage genome is engineered to comprise a heterologous nucleic acid sequence, for example a sequence comprising an open reading frame. In some embodiments the phage genome is cloned in a yeast artificial chromosome. Recombinant phage genomes and recombinant phage are also provided. In some embodiments the methods are high throughput methods such as methods of making a plurality of recombinant phage genomes or recombinant phage. Collections of recombinant phage genomes and recombinant phage are also provided.

Abstract: Yeast cells are transformed with an exogenous xylose isomerase gene. Additional genetic modifications enhance the ability of the transformed cells to ferment xylose to ethanol or other desired fermentation products. Those modifications include deletion of non-specific or specific aldose reductase gene(s), deletion of xylitol dehydrogenase gene(s) and/or overexpression of xylulokinase.

Abstract: Compositions comprising linear PNAI, cyclic PNAI, linear PEI, and/or cyclic PEI, useful for delivering compounds or substances into a cell, are provided, as well as methods of making linear PNAI, cyclic PNAI, linear PEI, and cyclic PEI. Also provided are methods of using compositions comprising linear PNAI, cyclic PNAI, linear PEI, and/or cyclic PEI for introducing substances into a cell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing succinic acid using a yeast belonging to the genus Yarrowia, which has been modified to reduce activity of succinate dehydrogenase in said yeast.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of infecting a nail fragment with a fungus, to form an infected nail fragment comprising at least 1×102 fungal colony forming units (cfu) per cm2 of the infected surface(s). There is also provided a method of assessing the efficacy of potential therapeutic compounds in the treatment or prevention of a fungal nail infection. The fungal nail infection may be a dermatophyte, a non-dermatophyte mould or a pathogen.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for detecting the sub-cellular localization of a molecule are provided. Aspects of the invention include detecting translocation of a cell-surface receptor to a sub-cellular compartment, e.g., the endosome, using a reduced affinity enzyme complementation reporter system. Also provided are systems and kits for use in practicing embodiments of the methods.

Abstract: The invention provides a modified glycosylation-deficient HGF and a production method thereof. The glycosylation-deficient HGF is produced by introducing amino acid mutation(s) so that no glycosylation take place at at least one glycosylation site of hepatocyte growth factor.

Abstract: A method for producing xylitol by fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysates without detoxification is provided. By using the originally isolated yeast Candida sp., xylose can be effectively converted into xylitol. The invention also provides the Candida strain having high furfural tolerance, and is capable to produce xylitol from various types of non-detoxified lignocellulosic hydrolysates, in which the overall utilization of xylose in hydrolysate can reach over 95%.

Abstract: Described are engineered strains of the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica capable of producing an oil comprising greater than 50 weight percent of eicosapentaenoic acid [“EPA”], an ?-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, measured as a weight percent of total fatty acids [“% TFAs”] and having a ratio of at least 3.1 of EPA % TFAs, to linoleic acid, measured as % TFAs. These strains over-express at least one ?9 elongase/?8 desaturase multizyme, in addition to other heterologous ?9 elongases, ?8 desaturases, ?5 desaturases, ?17 desaturases, ?12 desaturases, C16/18 elongases, and optionally over-express diacylglycerol cholinephosphotransferases, malonyl CoA synthetases and/or acyl-CoA lysophospholipid acyltransferases. The strains possess at least one peroxisome biogenesis factor protein knockout. Methods for producing EPA within said host cells, oils obtained from the cells, and products therefrom are claimed.

Abstract: Novel compositions and methods of reducing microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents and treating infections are disclosed. In particular, compositions and methods of inhibiting efflux pump activity, treating infection and methods of enhancing antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial agents are provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions, including vaccines, and methods for vaccinating an animal against hepatitis C virus (HCV) and for treating or preventing hepatitis C viral infection in an animal. The invention includes a variety of novel HCV fusion proteins that can be used directly as a vaccine or in conjunction with a yeast-based vaccine vehicle to elicit an immune response against HCV in an animal. The invention also includes the use of the HCV fusion gene and protein described herein in any diagnostic or therapeutic protocol for the detection and/or treatment or prevention of HCV infection.

Abstract: A composition including the fermentation supernatant from a fermentation of yeast is intended to be conveniently introduced through the wastewater plumbing system of a private home or other facility into a septic system servicing the home or other facility to substantially accelerate the ability of the bacteria resident in the septic system to substantially digest biologically available organic compounds present in the septic system, and methods of accomplishing the same.

Abstract: The present invention provides a new wine yeast product in a frozen form. The product is produced in a fermenter, concentrated, cryoprotectants are added. This mixture is then frozen at ?50° C. What makes this product unique is that besides the fact that it is frozen, it can be directly added to grape juice as no rehydration is required because the yeast was not dehydrated in the production process.

Abstract: Methods for producing heterologous multi-subunit proteins in transformed cells are disclosed. In particular, the present disclosure provides improved methods of producing multi-subunit proteins, including antibodies and other multi-subunit proteins, which may or may not be secreted, with a higher yield and decreased production of undesired side-products. In exemplary embodiments, the transformed cells are a yeast, e.g., methylotrophic yeast such as Pichia pastoris.

Abstract: The invention provides biosynthetic routes to xylitol production that do not require pure D-xylose for synthesis and that can utilize inexpensive substrates such as hemicellulose hydrolysates.

Abstract: A cell culture article comprises a substrate having a micro-structured surface and a thin hydrophobic elastomeric coating disposed on the substrate. The coating forms a micro-structured cell culture surface and is sufficiently thin to reduce absorption of hydrophobic molecules from an aqueous medium in contact with the coating, relative to articles fabricated entirely from the hydrophobic elastomer.

Abstract: The invention features methods for producing isoprene from cultured cells using a feedback-resistant mevalonate kinase polypeptide, such as an archaeal mevalonate kinase polypeptide. The resulting isoprene compositions may have increased yields and/or purity of isoprene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of fermentation media. More specifically, the invention provides a method for preparing a composition useful for culturing microbial cells wherein whole and/or autolysed yeast cells are enzymatically treated to obtain the composition. The microbial cultures obtained have increased stability and are useful in the manufacturing of food, feed and as a pharmaceutical product.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of generating genetically modified microorganisms, e.g., genetically modified yeast strains, which comprise functional disruptions in one or more pheromone response genes and one or more sporulation genes, and genetically modified yeast cells, e.g., genetically modified diploid and haploid yeast cells, that lack sporulation capability and endogenous mating capability, produced thereby.

Abstract: A process for making biodegradable a synthetic polymeric material thanks to the addition of one or more yeasts to the synthetic material is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is a new additive material that is physically blended with polymeric material to create at least a partially biodegradable product.

Abstract: Lytic peptides, including fusion peptides of lytic peptides conjugated with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone or modified versions thereof to target luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone receptors, are disclosed. The lytic peptides show anti-proliferative activity against human prostate cancer cell lines, but are nontoxic to normal primary human prostate epithelial cells or to bone marrow stromal cells in co-culture. The lytic peptides have specificity for and anti-proliferative activity against prostate cancer tumor cells, and low toxicity for normal prostate cells, making the peptides useful in therapies for prostate cancer.

Abstract: A process for separation of a mixture containing a microbial substance and a liquid using deformable filter is provided.

Abstract: Methods, biological oils, biofuels, units, and/or organisms directed to use in compression engines. A method of producing biological oils includes producing an organism and having the organism consume a feedstock. The organism includes a lipid containing fatty acids. The organism meets or exceeds at least two metrics. The metrics include: A) a cell density of at least about 115 grams per liter; B) a fatty acid content of at least about 49 percent on a dry mass basis; C) a fatty acid productivity of at least about 15 grams per liter per day; D) a fatty acid yield of at least about 0.175 grams of fatty acids produced per grams of the feedstock consumed; E) a 24 hour peak fatty acid productivity of at least about 30 grams per liter per day; F) an extraction efficiency on a percent of total fatty acid content basis of at least about 50 percent; and/or G) yield of fatty acids on oxygen of more than about 0.4 as grams of fatty acids produced per gram of oxygen consumed basis.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel yeast strain capable of producing ethanol through fermentation with a high degree of efficiency at a temperature of 37° C. or higher, preferably a temperature ranging from 40 to 49° C. or higher, and also a method for producing ethanol by utilizing the yeast strain, and further, ethanol produced by the method. Therefore, in the present invention, an yeast strain (Deposit No. NITE BP-283, etc) belonging to species Kluyveromyces marxianus isolated by a screening step using a culture medium containing sugar in a high concentration and ethanol, is cultured in a culture solution supplemented with 10 to 100 mM of sorbitol at 40 to 49° C.

Abstract: The efficiency of production of a heterologous protein by a transformant of a yeast host is improved. A method of constructing a host for expression of a foreign gene which comprises deleting or inactivating at least one gene selected from the protease-associated genes (especially, metalloprotease genes and serine protease genes) of Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a host in which the above-mentioned gene is deleted or inactivated, a transformant obtained by introducing a foreign gene into the host and a method of producing a heterologous protein using the transformant. The protease-associated gene is at least one gene selected from the group consisting of psp3 (SPAC1006.01), is sxa2 (SPAC1296.03c), ppp51 (SPAC22G7.01c) and ppp52 (SPBC18A7.01) or at least two genes selected from the group consisting of metalloprotease genes and serine protease genes, especially, three genes psp3 (SPAC1006.01), isp6 (SPAC4A8.04) and ppp53 (SPAP14E8.04).

Abstract: A modular multi bag propagation unit to facilitate easy handling of the process elements and efficient use of equipment, services and resources for small-scale yeast production is disclosed. The equipment and method comprises the steps of producing and inoculating a bag, propagating yeast within the bag, and concentrating the yeast in a section of the bag that is the removed from the remainder of the bag whilst not exposing any portion of the yeast therein to an external environment. Consequently the yeast may be propagated in the very bag in which it is prepared for transportation and transported or shipped to the purchaser. In order to remove only the bag containing the most concentrated slurry of yeast, a smaller bag is heat-sealed off of the larger bag, thereby creating a separate bag for the living sediment but that is still the bag in which the sediment was propagated.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for the production of ethanol from lignocellulosic starting materials are provided herein. Embodiments provide yeast cells of the genus H. polymorpha with one or more modifications, including, for example, an inactive acid trehalase gene, overexpression of xylulokinase, and/or overexpression of heat-shock protein 104.

Abstract: The method of producing baker's yeast involves producing yeast from a substrate composed of date syrup (Dips) diluted by molasses in sufficient quantity to lower the concentration of organic acids present in the date syrup that are toxic to yeast to safe levels, preferably a 1:1 mixture (w/w) of date syrup (Dips) and molasses. The substrate is inoculated with viable cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and placed in a bioreactor or fermentation vessel. The yeast is produced by a fed-batch process to ensure continuous yeast production and prevent or minimize the production of alcohol by the yeast, additional increments of the substrate being added about hourly for the duration (about 12 hours) of the yeast propagation process. The process produces baker's yeast comparable in quality to yeast produced from a pure molasses substrate for such purposes as making bread, and in sufficient quantity to be practical for industrial production.

Abstract: Compositions of peptides and surface-active agents are described, as are methods of making and using such compositions. The compositions are capable of affecting metabolic rates in biological systems, and to accelerate nutrient uptake without a concomitant increase in biofilm production.

Abstract: The present application provides engineered yeast cells and uses thereof. In specific embodiments, the yeast cells have a mutation in the GAL2 gene. In specific embodiments, the yeast cells can be used for producing a protein or compound of interest.

Abstract: Oxygen is delivered into a liquid contained within a vessel. Oxygen-rich gas is introduced at an inner mixing region of a vessel toward an agitating element for dissolving some of the oxygen into the liquid. Air is introduced to the liquid at a location different from where the oxygen-rich gas is introduced, minimizing coalescing of bubbles of the oxygen-rich gas and air bubbles. Running the agitating element in the vessel may induce mixing of the liquid and improve oxygen dissolution. Movement of the air bubbles can also generate a mixing effect on the liquid, yet independent from mixing caused by the agitating element. In some embodiments, currents produced by the agitating element are asymmetric with respect to a vertical axis of the vessel. Air bubbles may also form an asymmetric configuration of bubbles about the vertical axis.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for protecting a biological material during delivery into a biological structure are provided. In one aspect, for example, a device for protecting and delivering a preselected biological material into a biological structure can include a lance operable to maintain a charge capable of associating a biological material thereto and at least one protective region formed on or in the lance, where the protective region protects the biological material during delivery into a biological structure.

Abstract: Biological liquid substances in a disposable bioreactor or a disposable fermentor is enriched with a dissolved gas such as oxygen. The gas is provided to the liquid in meeting growth needs of biomass within the disposable vessel. The liquid is processed through a bubble forming element such as a supersonic mixer, a membrane sparger, or the like, to form a gas-liquid dispersion. The dispersion has a high interfacial surface area for facilitating gas dissolution in the liquid. Receptacles of the disposable vessel may be coupled (e.g., magnetically) to one or more processing devices (e.g., motors, pumps, gas sources) outside of the disposable vessel so that components within the disposable vessel are able to perform functions suitable for furthering reaction and/or fermentation processes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of modifying a yeast cell for the production of ethanol. According to the invention, the activity of the Gpd1 protein and/or the Gpd2 protein is reduced.

Abstract: The invention relates to Anti-TEM 1 anti-bodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof, yeast libraries comprising the same, and prophylactic, diagnostic, and therapeutic methods using the same.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of microorganisms for the generation of ethanol from lignocellulosic waste materials. Yeast strains of the genus Kluyveromyces which have the capability to ferment cellulose, hexose sugars to ethanol are provided. Also provided are methods for converting cellulose, hexoses, or mixed hydrolysates of hexoses to ethanol by fermentation with Kluyveromyces strains. The invention also provides methods to isolate yeast strains which metabolize cellulose, pentoses, or hemicelluloses from waste materials.

Abstract: A microbial consortium comprises of an Aureobasidium sp. to metabolise a sugar substrate into fructooligosaccaride, glucose and fructose and a Pachysolen sp to metabolise the glucose and the fructose into ethanol.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel microorganism that efficiently produces a dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1-b]furan intermediate using sclareol as a substrate. As a result of concentrated studies, a plurality of novel microorganisms having properties of interest that are not classified as conventional microorganisms were isolated and identified. The novel microorganism of the present invention belongs to Ascomycetes and has the ability of producing a dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1-b]furan intermediate using sclareol as a substrate. Such microorganism of Ascomycetes represents a new finding and it can be effective for producing dodecahydro-3a,6,6,9a-tetramethylnaphtho[2,1-b]furan and an intermediate thereof.

Abstract: This invention provides a method of using red yeast rice fermented product to treat a subject having a disease caused by dengue virus. In one embodiment, the red yeast rice is prepared with the yeast Monascus purpureus.