Abstract: ?-1,4-galactosyltransferase (CgtD) polypeptides, nucleic acids that encode the polypeptides, including a polypeptide from Campylobacter jejuni strain LIO87 have been isolated and characterized. A method of producing a galactosylated saccharide comprising contacting an acceptor saccharide containing a terminal galactose, a donor substrate comprising a galactose moiety and one of the CgtD polypeptides is described.

Abstract: Transformed microalgae capable of expressing glycosylated polypeptides and methods for producing said transformed microalgae and producing glycosylated polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention has objects to provide a glucan useful as water-soluble dietary fiber, its preparation and uses. The present invention solves the above objects by providing a branched ?-glucan, which is constructed by glucose molecules and characterized by methylation analysis as follows: (1) Ratio of 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4,5-triacetyl-glucitol to 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,5,6-triacetyl-glucitol is in the range of 1:0.6 to 1:4; (2) Total content of 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4,5-triacetyl-glucitol and 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,5,6-triacetyl-glucitolis 60% or higher in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; (3) Content of 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triacetyl-glucitol is 0.5% or higher but less than 10% in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; and (4) Content of 2,4-dimethyl-1,3,5,6-tetraacetyl-glucitol is 0.5% or higher in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; a novel ?-glucosyltransferase which forms the branched ?-glucan, processes for producing them, and their uses.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel polypeptide having a ?1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity; a method for producing the polypeptide; a DNA which encodes the polypeptide; a recombinant vector into which the DNA is inserted; a transformant comprising the recombinant vector; a method for producing a sugar chain or complex carbohydrate, using the polypeptide; a method for producing a sugar chain or complex carbohydrate, using the transformant; an antibody which recognizes the polypeptide; a method for screening a substance which changes the expression of the gene which encodes the polypeptide; and a method for screening a substance which changes the activity of the polypeptide.

Abstract: High molecular weight heparosan polymers are described, as are methods of producing and using the high molecular weight heparosan polymers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a novel starch composition comprising: (a) amylomaltase-treated starch; (b) amylopectin starch; and (c) optionally, low DE maltodextrin. In addition, the invention relates to the use of the novel starch composition to produce a baked product, optionally thereby reducing the amount of fat needed for the recipe.

Abstract: A vector of the present invention has DNA encoding a protein or a product having the same effect as the protein, the protein containing an amino acid sequence from amino acid numbers 47 to 802 in SEQ. ID. NO:2. Expression of the DNA gives human chondroitin synthase. By using human chondroitin synthase, it is possible to produce a saccharide chain having a repeating disaccharide unit of chondroitin. The DNA or part thereof may be used as a probe for hybridization for the human chondroitin synthase.

Abstract: Reaction solutions are disclosed herein comprising water, sucrose and a glucosyltransferase enzyme that synthesizes poly alpha-1,3-glucan. The glucosyltransferase enzyme can synthesize insoluble glucan polymer having at least 50% alpha-1,3 glycosidic linkages and a number average degree of polymerization of at least 100. Further disclosed are methods of using such glucosyltransferase enzymes to produce insoluble poly alpha-1,3-glucan.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] The importance of sugar chains having ?2,3- or ?2,6-linked sialic acid at their non-reducing ends is known. Industrial production has been demanded for these sugar chain compounds. Particularly, the production of glycoprotein drugs or the like inevitably requires producing in quantity sugar chains having homogeneous structures by controlling the linking pattern (?2,6-linkage or ?2,3-linkage) of sialic acid. Particularly, a triantennary or tetraantennary N-type complex sugar chain having sialic acid at each of all non-reducing ends is generally considered difficult to chemically synthesize. There has been no report disclosing that such a sugar chain was chemically synthesized. Furthermore, these sugar chains are also difficult to efficiently prepare enzymatically.

Abstract: The object is to provide a transformant which can produce a heterologous protein having a structurally controlled O-linked sugar chain having an O-Man-Gal disaccharide structure, a method for producing the transformant by using Schizosaccharomyces pombe as the host, and provide a host for producing the transformant and a method for producing an O-glycosylated heterologous protein. An Schizosaccharomyces pombe host having no omh1 gene or an inactivated omh1 gene in its chromosomes for producing an O-glycosylated heterologous protein having an O-linked sugar chain having an O-Man-Gal disaccharide structure by expression of the heterologous protein by a genetic engineering technique and subsequent glycosylation of the expressed heterologous protein. A transformant from the host, a method for producing the transformant and a method for producing an O-glycosylated heterologous protein by using the transformant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to host cells containing two or more of a recombinant cellodextrin transporter, a recombinant cellodextrin phosphorylase, a recombinant ?-glucosidase, a recombinant phosphoglucomutase, or a recombinant hexokinase; and to methods of using such cells for degrading cellodextrin, for producing hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon derivatives from cellodextrin, and for reducing ATP consumption during glucose utilization.

Abstract: A novel UDP-Gal regeneration process and its combined use with a galactosyltransferase to add galactose to a suitable acceptor substrate. Also described herein are synthetic methods for generating Globo-series oligosaccharides in large scale, wherein the methods may involve the combination of a glycosyltransferase reaction and a nucleotide sugar regeneration process.

Abstract: A microorganism identified as a Lactococcus lactis strain (NRRL B-30656) produces an extracellular transferase enzyme when cultured and grown in sucrose-containing medium, which can be purified when it is brought into contact with a sucrose-based medium in suitable temperature and pH conditions, thereby producing a glucose and fructose polymer.

Abstract: Provided is a polynucleotide encoding a protein having an activity to transfer a sugar to the hydroxy groups at the 4?- and 7-positions of a flavone.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and methods for engineering E. coli or other host production bacterial strains to produce fucosylated oligosaccharides, and the use thereof in the prevention or treatment of infection.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a novel use of a maltotriosyl transferase. The present invention provides a method for producing rice cakes or noodles, including a step of heat-treating a dough containing maltotriosyl transferase thereby gelatinizing starch in the dough. The present invention also provides a method for producing an indigestible saccharide, including a step of allowing maltotriosyl transferase to act on a saccharide.

Abstract: Kinase and nucleotidyltransferase enzymes for the production of activated sugars have been developed. These enzymes have improved stability for industrial application and relaxed specificity towards a variety of sugars. These enzymes are useful in, for example, the production of diverse NDP-sugars for glycosylation of aglycones of interest, production of oligosaccharides, production of other important glycosylated sugars, and in drug discovery applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acid and amino acid sequences from Escherichia coli serogroup O126, coding for/representing a novel alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase. The invention also provides uses and methods for using the alpha-1,2-fucosyltransferase to generate fucosylated products, such as oligosaccharides, (glyco)proteins, or (glyco)lipids, in particular oligosaccharides found in human milk, such as 2?-fucosyllactose.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to recombinant proteins having N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase activity. The present disclosure further relates to methods for producing complex N-glycans including the steps of providing host cells containing such recombinant proteins and culturing the host cells such that the recombinant proteins are expressed.

Abstract: Isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius are provided. Further provided are methods of at least partially degrading, cleaving, or removing polysaccharides, lignocellulose, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, starch, chitin, polyhydroxybutyrate, heteroxylans, glycosides, xylan-, glucan-, galactan-, or mannan-decorating groups using isolated and/or purified polypeptides and nucleic acid sequences encoding polypeptides from Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius.

Abstract: The invention concerns the production by microbiological process of oligopolysaccharides of biological interest. More particularly, the invention concerns a method for synthesizing in vivo the oligopolysaccharides by internalization of an exogenous precursor in growing bacterial cells expressing adequate modifying and glycosylating genes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to trehalose phosphorylases which are useful for the industrial production of trehalose-analogues and glycosyl phosphates. More specifically, the invention discloses trehalose phosphorylases which are mutated in specific amino acid regions. These specific mutations result in modified substrate specificities of the enzymes. In addition, the present invention discloses a wild type trehalose phosphorylase from the marine organism Caldanaerobacter subterraneus, and mutated types thereof, which are highly thermostable and have a broad acceptor and donor specificity.

Abstract: Methods for preparing synthetic heparins are provided. Synthetic heparin compounds, including ultralow molecular weight heparin compounds are provided. Also provided are methods of chemoenzymatically synthesizing structurally homogeneous ultra-low molecular weight heparins. Heparin compounds provided herein can have anticoagulant activity.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for enabling the production of a particulate composition containing anhydrous crystalline ascorbic acid 2-glucoside that does not significantly cake even when the production yield of ascorbic acid 2-glucoside does not reach 35% by weight.

Abstract: The object is to provide a novel glycosyltransferase and the use thereof, the glycosyltransferase catalyzes transglucosylation of maltotriose units under conditions which can be employed for the processing of foods or the like. Provided is a maltotriosyl transferase which acts on polysaccharides and oligosaccharides having ?-1,4 glucoside bonds, and has activity for transferring maltotriose units to saccharides, the maltotriosyl transferase acting on maltotetraose as substrate to give a ratio between the maltoheptaose production rate and maltotriose production rate of 9:1 to 10:0 at any substrate concentration ranging from 0.67 to 70% (w/v).

Abstract: A process for enzymatic preparation of poly (?1, 3 glucan) from sucrose is disclosed. The glucosyltransferase enzyme (gtfJ) from Streptococcus salivarius is used to convert sucrose to fructose and poly (?1, 3 glucan). Application of semi-permeable membranes to continuously remove fructose, a by-product of the gtf enzyme, thus increasing the poly (?1, 3 glucan) liter, is disclosed.

Abstract: The invention generally features compositions and methods based on the structure-based design of alpha 1-3 N-Acetylgalactosaminyltransferase (alpha 3 GalNAc-T) enzymes from alpha 1-3galactosyltransferase (a3Gal-T) that can transfer 2?-modified galactose from the corresponding UDP-derivatives due to substitutions that broaden the alpha 3Gal-T donor specificity and make the enzyme a3 GalNAc-T.

Abstract: A process for enzymatic preparation of a highly linear poly(? 1, 3 glucan) from sucrose is disclosed. The glucosyltransferase enzyme (gtfJ) from Streptococcus salivarius is used to convert sucrose to a highly linear poly(? 1, 3 glucan) in high titers. Hydrolyzed poly(? 1, 3 glucan) is used as the primer for the gtfJ enzyme reaction resulting in the formation of highly linear poly(? 1, 3 glucan).

Abstract: The invention relates to a polypeptide having a mutation at one or more position corresponding to T219 of SEQ ID NO: 55, wherein the polypeptide has at least 50% sequence identity with SEQ ID NO: 55, and wherein the polypeptide has permease activity.

Abstract: The invention provides variants of the Azospirillum irakense CelA ?-glucosidase that have improve ?-glucosidase activity, particularly improved thermoactivity, compared to the wild type enzyme. The invention further provides related polynucleotides, vectors, host cell, and methods for making and using the variants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to nucleic acid and amino acid sequences from Akkermansia muciniphila and from Bacteroides fragilis, coding for/representing novel alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases. The invention also provides uses and methods for using the alpha-1,3-fucosyltransferases to generate fucosylated products, such as oligosaccharides, (glyco)proteins, or (glyco)lipids, in particular of 3-fucosyllactose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the large scale in vivo synthesis of sialylated oligosaccharides, culturing a microorganism in a culture medium, optionally comprising an exogenous precursor such as lactose, wherein said microorganism comprises heterologous genes encoding a CMP-Neu5Ac synthetase, a sialic acid synthase, a GlcNAc-6-phosphate 2 epimerase and a sialyltransferase, and wherein the endogenous genes coding for sialic acid aldolase (NanA) and for ManNac kinase (NanK) have been deleted or inactivated. The invention also relates to these micoorganisms which are capable of producing internally activated sialic acid.

Abstract: Oligosaccharides from bovine milk, whey and dairy products, and methods of producing bovine milk oligosaccharides are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for preparing glycolipid products. Novel sialyltransferases are also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for production of poly (? 1,3 glucan) from a renewable feedstock, for applications in fibers, films, and pulps. The effect of addition of tetraborate in increasing the yield of the desired end products, poly (? 1,3 glucan) and fructose, and decreasing formation of the undesired by-product leucrose.

Abstract: A process for production of poly(?1,3 glucan) from a renewable feedstock, for applications in fibers, films, and pulps. The effect of addition of boric acid in increasing the yield of the desired end products, poly(?1,3 glucan) and fructose, and decreasing formation of the undesired by-product leucrose.

Abstract: The present invention relates to genetically engineered organisms, especially microorganisms such as bacteria and yeasts, for the production of added value bio-products such as specialty saccharide, activated saccharide, nucleoside, glycoside, glycolipid or glycoprotein. More specifically, the present invention relates to host cells that are metabolically engineered so that they can produce said valuable specialty products in large quantities and at a high rate by bypassing classical technical problems that occur in biocatalytical or fermentative production processes.

Abstract: The N-acetyl-D-galactosamine transferase protein of the present invention is characterized by transferring N-acetyl-D-galactosamine to N-acetyl-D-glucosamine with ?1,3 linkage, and it preferably has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 or 4. The canceration assay according to the present invention uses a nucleic acid for measurement which hybridizes under stringent conditions to the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3 or a nucleotide sequence complementary to at least one of them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to yeast species which are normally capable of producing sophorolipids but which are modified in such way that they are incapable producing the latter compounds. These sophorolipid-negative strains surprisingly display equal growth characteristics and biomass formation as their wild type counterparts and are hence useful for the production of compounds such as recombinant proteins, glycolipids, polyhydroxyalkanoates and carotenoides. In addition, the present invention discloses two glucosyltransferase genes with key-functions in sophorolipid production.

Abstract: ?-1,4-galactosyltransferase (CgtD) polypeptides, nucleic acids that encode the polypeptides, including a polypeptide from Campylobacter jejuni strain LIO87 have been isolated and characterized. A method of producing a galactosylated saccharide comprising contacting an acceptor saccharide containing a terminal galactose, a donor substrate comprising a galactose moiety and one of the CgtD polypeptides is described.

Abstract: The production of a diutan polysaccharide exhibiting increased viscosity properties as compared with previously produced polysaccharide of the same type of repeating units. Such an improved diutan polysaccharide is produced through the generation of a derivative of Sphingomonas sp. ATCC 53159 that harbors a multicopy broad host range plasmid into which genes for biosynthesis of diutan polysaccharide have been cloned. The inventive methods of production of such an improved diutan polysaccharide, as well as the novel cloned genes required to produce the improved diutan within such a method, are also encompassed within this invention. Additionally, the novel engineered Sphingomonas strain including the needed DNA sequence is encompassed within this invention.

Abstract: CgtB proteins with enhanced beta 1,3-galactosaminyltransferase activity, nucleic acids that encode the CgtB proteins and methods for use of the CgtB proteins.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of an aqueous glucose solution from maize or maize kernels. The invention also relates to a glucose solution obtainable by this process, and to its use for the production of organic compounds. The process according to the invention comprises: a) fractionating dry milling of maize kernels, where the maize kernels are separated into a maize-starch-comprising endosperm fraction and a high-oil germ fraction and, if appropriate, a bran fraction; b) enzymatic liquefaction and saccharification of the maize starch in an aqueous suspension of the endosperm fraction, which gives an aqueous glucose solution comprising maize gluten; and c) depletion of the maize gluten and, if appropriate, any bran present from the aqueous glucose solution.

Abstract: The present invention provides for a genetically modified host cell capable of producing 1-deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate or 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) (12), and optionally one or more DXP derived compounds, comprising: (a) a mutant RibB, or functional variant thereof, capable of catalyzing xylulose 5-phosphate and/or ribulose 5-phosphate to DXP, or (b) a YajO, or functional variant thereof, and a XylB, or functional variant thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of fermenting plant material in a fermentation medium into a fermentation product using a fermenting organism, wherein one or more aldehyde dehydrogenases are present in the fermentation medium.

Abstract: A vector of the present invention has DNA encoding a protein or a product having the same effect as the protein, the protein containing an amino acid sequence from amino acid numbers 47 to 802 in SEQ. ID. NO:2. Expression of the DNA gives human chondroitin synthase. By using human chondroitin synthase, it is possible to produce a saccharide chain having a repeating disaccharide unit of chondroitin. The DNA or part thereof may be used as a probe for hybridization for the human chondroitin synthase.

Abstract: The present invention has objects to provide a glucan useful as water-soluble dietary fiber, its preparation and uses. The present invention solves the above objects by providing a branched ?-glucan, which is constructed by glucose molecules and characterized by methylation analysis as follows: (1) Ratio of 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4,5-triacetyl-glucitol to 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,5,6-triacetyl-glucitol is in the range of 1:0.6 to 1:4; (2) Total content of 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4,5-triacetyl-glucitol and 2,3,4-trimethyl-1,5,6-triacetyl-glucitol is 60% or higher in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; (3) Content of 2,4,6-trimethyl-1,3,5-triacetyl-glucitol is 0.5% or higher but less than 10% in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; and (4) Content of 2,4-dimethyl-1,3,5,6-tetraacetyl-glucitol is 0.5% or higher in the partially methylated glucitol acetates; a novel ?-glucosyltransferase which forms the branched ?-glucan, processes for producing them, and their uses.

Abstract: The object is to provide a transformant which can produce a heterologous protein having a structurally controlled O-linked sugar chain having an O-Man-Gal disaccharide structure, a method for producing the transformant by using Schizosaccharomyces pombe as the host, and provide a host for producing the transformant and a method for producing an O-glycosylated heterologous protein. An Schizosaccharomyces pombe host having no omh1 gene or an inactivated omh1 gene in its chromosomes for producing an O-glycosylated heterologous protein having an O-linked sugar chain having an O-Man-Gal disaccharide structure by expression of the heterologous protein by a genetic engineering technique and subsequent glycosylation of the expressed heterologous protein. A transformant from the host, a method for producing the transformant and a method for producing an O-glycosylated heterologous protein by using the transformant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing enzymatically highly branched-amylose and amylopectin cluster. Alpha-glucanotransferase or branching enzyme hydrolyzes the linkage of the segment between amylopectin clusters in starch, producing amylopectin cluster, and simultaneously branching enzyme attaches the branched side-chain to amylose, producing branched amylose, and subsequently treating the amylopectin cluster or branched amylose with maltogenic amylase for cleaving long side chain into short side chain and for transferring glucose to the side chain, generating highly branched amylopectin cluster, highly branched amylose or branched oligosaccharide from starch effectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant process for the production of truncated or mutated dextransucrases while conserving the enzymatic activity or their specificity in the synthesis of the ?-1,6 bonds. The present invention relates to nucleic acid sequences of truncated or mutated dextransucrases, vectors containing the nucleic acid sequences and host cells transformed by sequences encoding truncated or mutated dextransucrases. In another aspect, the invention concerns a method for producing, in a recombinant manner, truncated or mutated dextransucrases which conserve their enzymatic activity or which conserve their specificity in the synthesis of ?-1,6 bonds and can produce, from saccharose, dextrans with high molar mass and modified rheological properties compared with the properties of dextran obtained with the native enzyme and isomalto-oligosaccharides with a controlled molar mass and dextrans.