Abstract: The subject of this invention is a process for detection of analytes from biological samples comprising the following process steps: a) Preparation of a reversible binding partner 1 that is immobilized on a solid phase, to which an analyte binder is reversibly bonded via a reversible binding partner 2 that is bonded to the analyte binder, whereby the analyte binder is immobilized by binding between the reversible binding partners 1 and 2, b) Addition of the biological sample and binding of the analyte to the reversible immobilized analyte binder in the case that the biological sample contains the analytes, c) Separation of the biological sample, d) Addition of a dissolving buffer, which dissolves the binding between the reversible binding partners 1 and 2, whereby the binding of the analyte to the analyte binder remains optional, and e) Detection of the analyte in the dissolving buffer in the case that the biological sample contains the analytes and determination of the absence of the analyte in the case t

Abstract: Methods are provided for detecting and optionally quantitating multiple analytes, including nucleic acid and/or polypeptide analytes, in particle-based assays that can be highly multiplexed. Compositions, systems, and kits related to the methods are also featured.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a method for in vitro prognosticating and/or diagnosing cerebral cerebral malaria, wherein said method comprises a step of detecting non-erythroid spectrin or fragments thereof, and/or antibodies directed against non-erythroid spectrin, in a biological sample. Reagents and kits for performing this method are also disclosed.

Abstract: Droplet actuator devices and methods for immunoassays and washing are provided. According to one embodiment, a method of providing a droplet in contact with a surface of a super paramagnetic bead with a reduced concentration of a substance is provided and includes: (a) providing a super paramagnetic bead in contact with a droplet comprising a starting concentration and starting quantity of the substance and having a starting volume; (b) conducting one or more droplet operations to merge a wash droplet with the droplet provided in step (a) to yield a combined droplet; and (c) conducting one or more droplet operations to divide the combined droplet to yield a set of droplets. The set of droplets includes: (i) a droplet in contact with the super paramagnetic bead having a decreased concentration of the substance relative to the starting concentration; and (ii) a droplet which is separated from the super paramagnetic bead.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for fabricating aerogels, a method for fabricating surface-modified aerogels, and a method for fabricating biocomposites. Take the fabricating method of biocomposites for example, first, a precursor solution is provided and the precursor solution comprises a hydrophilic ionic liquid, a catalyzed hydrolysis and/or condensation reagent, at least one biomolecule. Next, a curing process is performed for the precursor solution to hydrolyze and polymerize the at least one alkoxide monomer and/or aryloxide monomer to wrap at least one biomolecule and thus form biocomposite. Afterwards, an extracting process is performed by a solvent for the biocomposite to substitute the ionic liquid in the biocomposite. Finally, a drying process for the biocomposite is carried out after the extracting process so as to remove the solvent in the biocomposite. Therefore, the biocomposite is formed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a biosensor for quantitatively analyzing a bio-material and a manufacturing method thereof. The biosensor has an exposed conductive region of a few-nanometer scale distributed on an insulated metallic substrate in a desired pattern or randomly. The quantitative analysis of protein can be carried out by means of simplified procedures, without the necessity of rinsing out a signal-producing material, which is non-specifically bonded to the materials to be analyzed. The biosensor utilizes only the size of the molecules, and thus can be universally used for the analysis of bio-materials. A selective and separate analysis can be realized in which interference caused by other materials is significantly reduced.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for determining antigen-specific antibodies of a particular immunoglobulin class in a sample by means of an immunoassay in an array format in which various binding partners Bnx are bound on different discrete areas on a support where Bnx in each case contain the various antigens that are able to specifically bind to the antibodies to be detected, by incubating the support with the sample and a binding partner B2 which carries a label and subsequently detecting the label on the respective discrete areas wherein B2 specifically binds antibodies of a certain immunoglobulin class that have been bound in an antigen-specific manner.

Abstract: A plurality of kinds of liquids, which are of at least three kinds, containing (a) a test body solution containing at least one kind of an analyte, and (b) at least two kinds of liquids selected from the group consisting of a reagent solution, an amplifying solution, and a detecting solution, are fed to a detection site containing a specific binding substance with respect to the analyte. A qualitative analysis or a quantitative analysis of the analyte contained in the test body solution is thereby performed. Directions of liquid feeding of all of the plurality of the kinds of the liquids vary from one another, and the plurality of the kinds of the liquids are caused to intersect with one another at the detection site.

Abstract: An optical-waveguide sensor chip includes an optical waveguide having a first substance immobilized on the surface thereof, the first substance being specifically reactive with an analyte substance, and fine particles dispersed on the optical waveguide and having a second substance immobilized on the surface thereof, the second substance being specifically reactive with the analyte substance.

Abstract: A versatile drug testing device (a lateral flow diagnostic testing device) includes a flat transparent carrier with a top and a bottom with the carrier having a series of independent parallel grooves formed therein running from adjacent to the top to adjacent to the bottom of the carrier, each groove having a first opening and a second opening above the first opening therein adjacent to the bottom of the carrier, at least one drug test strip installed in one of said grooves with its absorbent pad contiguous to the openings and a cover layer attached to the carrier operable to sealing close each of said grooves whereby the bottom of the device can be immersed in a specimen of urine, body fluid, or other biological specimen to wet the pad of the at least one test strip though the ingress of the specimen though the associated openings and the test results on the test strip can be easily viewed through the transparent carrier.

Abstract: Detection of detection target substances at a sensor portion is expedited and the efficiency thereof is improved in biological substance analysis, to enable accelerated analysis with high sensitivity. A biological substance analyzing cell equipped with a reaction chamber having a sample supply space, an acoustic matching layer which is provided at a predetermined region of an inner wall of the reaction chamber that faces another inner wall, and a sensor portion provided within the reaction chamber is employed. Ultrasonic waves are emitted such that a standing wave are generated between the acoustic matching layer and the inner wall of the reaction chamber that faces the acoustic matching layer. The detection target substance is concentrated by the capturing forces of the standing waves, and the concentrated detection target substance is detected at the sensor portion.

Abstract: A method for determining the presence or amount of a metal-labelled species in a sample may include causing the metal of the metal-labelled species in the sample to form a soluble electrochemically-active complex which is stable relative to moieties present or potentially present in the sample which will form an insoluble and/or electrochemically-inactive complex with the metal, and electrochemically measuring the formed complex to provide an indication of the presence or amount of the metal-labelled species.

Abstract: An integrated magnetic field generation and detection platform is described that is capable of manipulating and detecting individual magnetic particles, such as spherical super-paramagnetic beads, and providing biosensing functionality. The platform is implemented in an integrated circuit, a portion of the surface of which is functionalized with one or more biochemical agents that binds tightly (i.e., specifically) with a target analyte. The magnetic beads are similarly functionalized with one or more biochemical agents that that bind specifically with the target analyte. When a sample is introduced, magnetic beads that specifically bind to the integrated circuit can be separated from non-specifically bound beads and detected.

Abstract: In one example embodiment, a protein-immobilized electrode is stably used for long time. In one example embodiment, a method of manufacturing the protein-immobilized electrode includes immobilizing cytochrome c552 having high stability to a chemically-stable gold electrode while maintaining electron transfer capability of the cytochrome c552. In one example embodiment, a self-assembled monolayer is formed on a gold electrode by using hydrophobic thiol and hydrophilic thiol. By dipping the gold electrode on which the self-assembled monolayer is formed in a cytochrome c552 solution, a protein-immobilized electrode in which a cytochrome c552 is immobilized to the gold electrode with the self-assembled monolayer in between is produced.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of detecting the presence of anti-MHC antibodies in a sample comprising contacting said sample with one or more recombinant MHC molecules or functionally equivalent variants, derivatives or fragments thereof and detecting the binding or absence of binding of antibodies to said recombinant MHC molecules. This method allows the detection and/or identification of one or more specific MHC particularly HLA allele antibodies.

Abstract: Hemoglobin, its variants, and glycated forms of each are determined individually in a multiplex assay that permits correction of the measured level of HbA1c to account for glycated variants and other factors related to the inclusion of the variants in the sample. New antibodies that are particularly well adapted to the multiplex assay are also provided.

Abstract: Functionalized solid support material with biomolecule-binding groups and uses thereof, wherein the biomolecule-binding groups include a plurality of aromatic groups, an amine group which bonds to a biomolecule through an aldehyde group, a hydrazine group which bonds to a biomolecule through an aldehyde group, or an alpha,beta-ethylenically or acetylenically unsaturated group with an electron withdrawing group.

Abstract: A nanopore device capable of single molecule detection is described. The nanopores are formed in thin, rigid membranes and modified by a sputtered metal that forms an overhang during application. The overhang causes the pore to be narrower in a certain region, allowing passage of only a single molecule through the pore at a time, or binding to a biomolecule on the pore to be detected by a change in ionic current flow through the nanopore. Embodiments include a silicon nitride membrane formed on a silicon substrate and having a nanopore drilled with a focused ion beam system, followed by gold sputtering onto the membrane. Devices are formed with one or more nanopores and chambers having electrodes on either side of the nanopore.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein include methods and assays for detecting an analyte in a sample using a plurality of control zone capture agents. Some embodiments include detection of multiple analytes in a sample utilizing a plurality of analyte binders and a control zone containing multiple control zone capture agents. In some embodiments, the multiple control zone capture agents capture a plurality of binders within one control zone. Test results are determined by comparison of the control zone signal to a test zone signal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to biosensors, in particular to surface-enhanced Raman biosensors for detection of in vivo and ex vivo analytes. In particular, the present invention provides compositions and methods for the in vivo detection of analytes such as glucose.

Abstract: A biochip for diagnostic purposes comprises a sample carrier made of a solid matrix, on the surface of said sample carrier is bound the sample material to be analysed which originates from a biological organism.

Abstract: A method for detecting a ligand is provided. Antibodies to a predetermined ligand are attached to substrates. The substrates are superparamagnetic, dyed beads. The beads are exposed to an electromagnetic field to immobilize the beads. The beads are contacted with a sample and the antibodies are allowed to recognize and capture the ligand in the sample. The electromagnetic field is optionally removed. The beads are contacted with a liquid crystalline material and the light transmission properties of the liquid crystalline material are examined for alteration caused by the presence of aggregates of the beads and the ligand.

Abstract: A molecular sensor (10) comprises a flow path (12) configured for flowing a solution (28) potentially containing a target molecule (26). A source of polarized light (16) is provided and a detector (18) arranged to receive light from the source after it has passed through the flow path. A sensor element (19) is provided comprising a scaffold moiety (20) with a high aspect ratio disposed, in use, within the flow path and a receptor moiety (24), for the target molecule, attached to the scaffold moiety. A method for sensing a target molecule in a flowing solution is also described.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for detecting biomolecular interactions. The use of labels is not required and the methods can be performed in a high-throughput manner. The invention also provides optical devices useful as narrow band filters.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cartridge for analyzing a fluid sample. The cartridge provides for the efficient separation of cells or viruses in the sample from the remaining sample fluid, lysis of the cells or viruses to release the analyte (e.g., nucleic acid) therefrom, and optionally chemical reaction and/or detection of the analyte. The cartridge is useful in a variety of diagnostic, life science research, environmental, or forensic applications for determining the presence or absence of one or more analytes in a sample.

Abstract: An assay method is described, which comprises the steps of immobilizing a binding partner (e.g., an antigen or antibody) for an analyte to be detected (e.g., an antibody or antigen) on a portion of a surface of a microfluidic chamber; passing a fluid sample over the surface and allowing the analyte to bind to the binding partner; allowing a metal colloid, e.g., a gold-conjugated antibody, to associate with the bound analyte; flowing a metal solution, e.g., a silver solution, over the surface such as to form an opaque metallic layer; and detecting the presence of said metallic layer, e.g., by visual inspection or by measuring light transmission through the layer, conductivity or resistance of the layer, or metal concentration in the metal solution after flowing the metal solution over the surface.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a technique that can adjust a molecular density of the film of functional molecules (e.g. DNA molecules), which is utilized for biochips such as DNA chip, to a desired degree efficiently and easily. The method for producing a molecular film with an adjusted density according to the present invention includes forming a molecular film and adjusting a molecular density. In the forming a molecular film, a molecular film composed of molecules is formed on a conductive substrate, wherein the molecule includes a region capable of binding to the conductive substrate at least in a portion thereof. In the density adjusting, a molecular density of the molecular film is adjusted by desorbing a part of the molecules which make up the molecular film from the conductive substrate.

Abstract: A method for biosensing that includes passing, via convective flow, a sample believed to contain one or more target biomarkers through a microfluidic channel and over the surface of an optical waveguide that has been prepared to bind the one or more target biomarkers, and sensing for an emission output from the optical waveguide at a wavelength that is characteristic of the binding of the target biomarker. A biosensor device that includes a module defining at least one microfluidic channel, an optical waveguide exposed along at least a portion of its length to fluid flow within the microfluidic channel, where a surface of the optical waveguide being prepared to bind a target biomarker, and an excitation source to couple an excitation wavelength of light into the optical waveguide. The device also includes a sensor for detecting emission light from the optical waveguide at an emission wavelength characteristic of binding of the target biomarker.

Abstract: The invention provides a device and method for the rapid identification of patients suspected of having thalassemia. The invention provides a test strip for the aqueous detection of thalassemia related proteins in whole blood. The test strip includes antibodies specific to the gamma 4, (?4) protein and provides easy visual discrimination between a positive result and a negative result. The invention can be used in remote or clinical settings.

Abstract: Modified branched polymers are combined with bioactive agents which are one member of a binding pair for use in an assay.

Abstract: A method employing gel electrophoresis and optical imaging techniques to measure the amount of biomaterial that attaches to specified locations on a detector slide such as a bioarray or biochip.

Abstract: A lateral flow, membrane-based assay device for detecting the presence or quantity of an analyte residing in a test sample is provided. The device utilizes phosphorescence to detect the signals generated by excited phosphorescent labels. The labels may have a long emission lifetime so that background interference from many sources, such as scattered light and autofluorescence, is practically eliminated during detection. In addition, the phosphorescent labels may be encapsulated within particles to shield the labels from quenchers, such as oxygen or water, which might disrupt the phosphorescent signal.

Abstract: An oligomer probe array having improved reaction yield is provided. The oligomer probe array includes a substrate, an immobilization layer on the substrate, a plurality of nano particles coupled with a surface of the immobilization layer, and a plurality of oligomer probes coupled with surfaces of the nano particles.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of detecting a change in cell growth patterns, methods of screening many different antibodies in one receptacle, and methods of detecting specific binding of an antibody to a protein or cell, wherein the antibody is in a mixture of many different antibodies.

Abstract: The inventions relates to compositions and method for determining the absolute counts of cells per unit volume of a sample. Such a method comprises: (a) providing a container containing (i) a predetermined quantity of microparticles; and (ii) a cell-binding agent; in which the microparticles are disposed in or on a matrix which adheres to at least one wall of the container such that substantially all the microparticles are thereby attached to the container; (b) adding a known volume of sample to the container; (c) determining the ratio of microparticles to cells by counting microparticles and cells in a volume of the sample; and (d) determining the absolute count of cells by multiplying the number of cells per microparticle by the concentration of microparticles in the sample.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a reagent for detection of analyte in a sample and process of preparation of the reagent. The reagent comprises heparin and substrate coated with the analyte-counterpart. The analyte-counterpart of the reagent is capable of binding to said analyte. The present disclosure further provides a process for detection of an analyte in a sample by contacting said sample with said reagent and detecting formation of analyte-analyte counterpart complex. The present disclosure provides a kit for detection of an analyte in a sample.

Abstract: This invention relates to magnetic resonance-based sensors and related methods.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to electronic methods of detecting target analytes such that upon binding of the target analyte a shift in electrochemical potential is seen. This assay relies on the use of an electroactive moiety (“EAM”) that is attached to an electrode and comprises a self-immolative moiety, whose presence gives the EAM a first E0, and whose absence, upon irreversible cleavage gives the EAM a second E0. This difference is detected, and if such change occurs, it is an indication of the presence of a target analyte.

Abstract: A system and method for detecting specific binding reactions using magnetic labels.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for conducting multiplexed assays. The methods are particularly well suited for measuring a plurality of analytes that may be present in very different abundances. The invention also relates to systems, devices, equipment, kits and reagents for use in such methods.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising the steps of exposing the sample to a transducer which is capable of transducing a change in energy to an electrical signal, the transducer having at least one tethered reagent on or proximal thereto, the at least one tethered reagent having a binding site which is capable of binding the analyte; introducing a labelled reagent into the sample, wherein the labelled reagent contains a binding site for the analyte or the tethered reagent and a label which is capable of absorbing electromagneticradiation generated by a radiation source to generate energy; allowing the labelled reagent to bind to the analyte or tethered reagent in a first period in which the transducer is oriented such that the labelled reagent is caused to settle, at least in part, on the transducer; subsequently, in a second period, causing the labelled reagent to become unsettled; irradiating the sample with electromagnetic radiation during the first and second

Abstract: Generally, conjugate systems, self-illuminating quantum dot conjugates, methods of detecting a target in a host, methods of treating a disease in a host, and the like, are described herein.

Abstract: Non-saturated or non-saturated and orientated binding surfaces for an affinity assay are provided, as are methods and compositions for their preparation. The non-saturated or non-saturated and orientated binding surfaces may further comprise paramagnetic microparticles. The methods include methods for making ligand::support coupler-based complexes by a process optionally employing a low input ratio of ligand to support coupler, by dilution, and by methods employing a dispersion and/or coating step using a block copolymer. Specific examples employing biotin-BSA and biotin-ovalbumin binding surfaces are provided, as well as strepavidin-coated microparticles and microparticles coated with capture moieties such as biotinylated immunoglobulins or fragments thereof. Other examples couple a ligand to the solid surface. Further provided are dispersed microparticles and methods for making them.

Abstract: In a method for regenerating a biosensor, a biosensor is prepared having a substrate surface on which at least one receptor is immobilized. At least one ligand that is binding specific to the receptor is bound to the receptor, said ligand, together with the receptor, forming a ligand-receptor complex. To regenerate the biosensor, the ligand-receptor complex is brought into contact with an enzyme. The enzyme is selected so that it catalyzes the ligand into fragments. The enzyme is inert with respect to the receptor.

Abstract: A process for treating biological targets in a fluid of a biological organism, including introducing a fluid comprising a biological target to an assembly comprising an inlet connected to receive the fluid and an outlet connected to pass the fluid from the assembly, wherein the assembly comprises a flow chamber for conveying a flow of the fluid, and a capture zone comprising a target-specific binding agent, wherein during flow of the fluid through the flow chamber, the biological target undergoes flux rolling along the target-specific binding agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to a detection system for measuring a fluorescent signal in a fluorescent assay. The system comprises a probe having a small sensing surface bound with a fluorescent label, and a light source and a detector both mounted at the proximal side of the sensing surface of the substrate. The invention also relates to a method for detecting an analyte in a liquid sample using a probe tip having a small surface area (?5 mm) and a high molecular weight polymer (?1 MD) having multiple binding molecules and multiple fluorescent labels. The binding reaction is accelerated by flowing the reaction solutions laterally and moving the probe tip up and down in the reaction vessels. The invention furthers relates to a fluorescent labeling composition comprising a cross-linked FICOLL® molecule having a plurality of binding molecules and a plurality of fluorescent labels.

Abstract: Luminescence assays and compositions for assay of biomolecular interaction and activity and detection of modulators of biomolecular interaction and activity are provided. Technology described herein has utility in a variety of assay formats and types, for example, simultaneous monitoring multiple parameters which affect interaction and activity of biological molecules. Compositions and methods are provided herein which include a first solid-phase support associated with a first specific binding agent and a photosensitizer; a second solid-phase support associated with a second specific binding agent and a first emission system; and a third solid-phase support associated with a third specific binding agent and a second emission system.

Abstract: A microfluidic-based flow assay and methods of manufacturing the same are provided. Specifically, the microfluidic flow assay includes a micropatterned surface that induces clot formation and an array of microfluidic channels though which blood flows. The micropatterned surface contains two clotting stimuli, one for inducing platelet adhesion and another for inducing the coagulation cascade.

Abstract: Disclosed are a centrifugal micro-fluidic structure for measuring glycated hemoglobin, a centrifugal micro-fluidic device for measuring glycated hemoglobin, and a method for measuring glycated hemoglobin. According to the disclosure, immunosorbent assay and affinity measurements are simultaneously conducted using only a single device in order to detect hemoglobin variants or interfering substances and, therefore, the detected results are applied to analysis of measurement results so as to eliminate and/or compensate for, or calibrate errors in measurement of, glycated hemoglobin, thereby more accurately measuring the glycated hemoglobin.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a sensor system including at least one sensor and target specific receptors bound substrates for purposes of enhancing detection sensitivity. Optionally, the sensor system may include quantum dots for independently verifying the presence of a target molecule or compound. The sensor system may be particularly beneficial in the field of medical diagnostics, bio-defense, food safety, water safety and general chemical detection.