Abstract: A nonlinear optical chromophore having the formula D-?-A, wherein ? is a ? bridge including a thiophene ring having oxygen atoms bonded directly to the 3 and 4 positions of the thiophene ring, D is a donor, and A is an acceptor.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is a method and system for calibrating a wireless network including a Mobile Switching Center (MSC), and a Position Determination Device (PDD). The wireless network is capable of determining the position of a handset. The method includes receiving a trigger from the MSC; sending a position request message to the PDD in response to the received trigger; receiving a position request response message from the PDD; continuously sending subsequent position request messages to the PDD in response to the same received trigger, until a termination command is received; terminating the sending subsequent position request messages, when the termination command is received; and generating output data including network calibration parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a telephone system including at least a terminal used by subscriber A, a terminal used by subscriber B, a switching center for setting up a call between subscribers A and B, and a connection for connecting subscriber A's terminal to an audiovisual source when subscriber B is unable to answer. To offer a waiting subscriber a more user-friendly service than before, the system includes a plural number of alternative AV sources, the connection being arranged to connect subscriber A's terminal to the AV source chosen by subscriber A when subscriber B is unable to answer.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing wireless intelligent network services to mobile stations currently being served by a mobile switching center (S-MSC) that is not wireless intelligent network capable. The call is routed through a wireless intelligent network capable MSC (O-MSC). When the O-MSC receives the call, it requests instructions from a service control point (SCP) which provides a list of triggers for call states requiring further SCP instructions. Advantageously, this arrangement avoids the use of a double connection, using a loop-around trunk, in the O-MSC, as is required in the prior art.

Abstract: A multi-beam satellite comprises an input section receiving a plurality of first spot beams and an output section transmitting a plurality of second spot beams. A payload architecture is coupled between the input section and output section. It flexibly and selectively switches and filters the first plurality of spot beams received by the input section and provides signals to the output section to be transmitted as the second plurality of spot beams.

Abstract: A communication system has a plurality of high altitude devices that are coupled to user terminals through a plurality of dynamic links. The terminal monitors and changes the multiple dynamic links as the position of the user terminal relative to the high altitude devices changes. The terminal transmits to and receives from the user terminals through the high altitude devices using a plurality of datagrams.

Abstract: In a router or packet processing node supporting Mobile IP, a method for causing packets to be retransmitted from a sender to a mobile node is disclosed. A plurality of packets having associated update information are received. The packets are intended for the mobile node. The update information associated with at least one of the received packets is stored. When the mobile node is disconnected from the sender and reconnects to the sender, without waiting for a timeout the sender is directed to retransmit a last portion of packets to the mobile node based on the stored update information. Apparatus and computer readable medium embodiments are also disclosed.

Abstract: A maximum suspension time defines the length of time that an access terminal may suspend communication with a supporting radio network before the network releases the communication resources assigned to the access terminal. In some environments, it may be necessary for the access terminal to momentarily suspend communication with a first radio network, so that it can briefly communicate with a second radio network. For example, the access terminal may briefly suspend a packet data connection with a packet data network to maintain its registration on a voice/data network. Upon completing communication with the second network, the access terminal resumes communication with the first network using the previously assigned communication channels, if the suspension time is less than the maximum suspension time. If the actual time of suspension exceeds the maximum allowed, the access terminal requests a new connection with the first radio network.

Abstract: Information content is nonidentically mapped between service link carriers and feeder link carriers at a cellular satellite. A reduced number of satellite feeder link carriers compared to the number of satellite service link carriers and/or a reduced total bandwidth of the satellite feeder link carriers compared to the satellite service link carriers thereby may be obtained.

Abstract: A mobile communication service control system according to the present invention has a home location register 13 storing subscriber information, a switching unit 12 for sending a subscriber information inquiry signal 201 to the register 13, and a service control unit 14 for controlling a service provided for subscribers. The home location register 13 stores service information 309 necessary for a start of control of the service at the service control unit 14 and sends the service information 309 along with a response signal 308 to the subscriber information inquiry signal 201 to the switching unit 12. The switching unit 12 transfers the service information 309 received from the register 13, to the service control unit 14.

Abstract: A system, apparatus, method and computer program product to obtain comprehensive vehicle radio listener statistics based on parameters such as radio status (e.g., on/off status and CD/Tape/AM/FM setting), radio volume, station preset information, current frequency setting (i.e., station identification), and Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) system coordinates is disclosed. A vehicle-mounted field unit for collecting and transmitting such parameters to a base station is also disclosed. The system monitors and stores all events related to the occupants' interaction with the vehicle's radio, including automatic detection of the selected radio station through a speaker port. The stored data is then transmitted to a base station's central collection computer for immediate compilation and analysis.

Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for dynamically adjusting the encryption level based on the geographic location of a software program are disclosed. The method includes an initial step of determining a geographic location associated with the software program. An encryption level is selected based upon the determined geographic location. The software program is then executed utilizing the selected encryption level. In one embodiment, determining the geographic location is achieved by determining the geographic location of a computer system on which the software program will be executed, preferably through the use of a Global Positioning System. The Global Positioning System may comprise an I/O device of the computer system on which the software executes. In one embodiment, the selected encryption level may be overridden by a Smart Card or other secure device connected to the computer system. In one embodiment, the available encryption levels include, at a minimum, a U.S.

Abstract: A method of handling the transmission of Radio Link Control (RLC) Protocol Data Units (PDUs) from a Radio Access Network (RAN) of a mobile telecommunications system to User Equipment (UE). At a Gateway of the RAN, RLC Service Data Units (SDUs) are segmented into RLC PDUs for transmission to one or more Base Stations (BSs) of a set of BSs belonging to a handover link set. RLC PDUs received from one or more of those BSs are combined into RLC SDUs for transmission to a core network of the system. Each of the BSs buffers the RLC PDUs received from the Gateway and/or the UE. An Automatic Repetition Request (ARQ) mechanism is implemented at each of the BSs to facilitate reliable transmission of RLC PDUs between the UE and the Gateway.

Abstract: In a satellite communications system, where a user terminal 10, on the surface of the earth 12, can be in diversity communication to an earth station 18 via two orbiting satellites 14, 16 at once, and there is a need, at some time, when one of the two satellites 14, 16 orbits our of range, to engage another satellite 22 in its place, the user terminal 10 is operative to suppress TDMA timeslots in its communications with the two satellites 14, 16 to listen and report on broadcast messages from another satellite 22, the suppressed timeslots being based on an assessment of which of the two satellites has the largest path attenuation.

Abstract: Two-way data communication via satellite, using data communication in a first direction via satellites in geostationary orbit, and a data communication in a second direction via satellites in a below geostationary orbit, either MEO or LEO. The transceiver is particularly useful for providing Internet connections Preferably, a LEO forward link may be used for control signaling, urgent data traffic and the like.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for establishing and utilizing a mobile communication system having a mobile communication coverage area. The mobile communication system includes a plurality of mobile communication devices or units and a mobile base. The mobile base establishes a communication coverage area and provides mobility with respect to the coverage area. Communications between the plurality of mobile communication devices are transmitted to the mobile base, and retransmitted or re-broadcast from the mobile base to the destination mobile communication units.

Abstract: An approach for managing system capacity of a satellite communications system is disclosed. A satellite communications system provides communication services to a region. A terminal (101, 103) is located within the region and is configured to transmit and receive signals over a satellite (105) having a payload that processes the signals. The terminal (101, 103) has a predetermined profile that includes service class information and rate information. A hub (107) is configured to receive system capacity resource configuration data that reflect capacity requirements of a service provider and to determine partitioning of system capacity over the region based upon the system capacity resource configuration data. The hub (107) transmits configuration information to the payload of the satellite (105) according to the determined partitions. The terminal (101, 103) is configured to transmit a bandwidth request message to the payload.

Abstract: A communication system having gateway filter and switching networks in forward and return channels of a frequency reuse communication satellite. The system couples subscriber terminals to the Internet or other terrestrial network by way of one or more gateways. The system cross-straps gateway-to-user beam connectivity provided by the communication satellite to allow full coverage of all user beams with a subset of the gateways having reduced frequency reuse. An exemplary system comprises a communication satellite having a return channel and a forward channel. One or more gateways are coupled to the Internet or other terrestrial network and communicate with subscriber terminals by way of the return and forward channels provided by the satellite. The return and forward channels each comprise a filter and switching network that selectively couple signals between the one or more gateways and the subscriber terminals.

Abstract: A method of routing messages destined for a mobile node (6) in a communications system, such as the Internet, including sending the messages to a proxy node (18) according to reachability information recording the current reachability of the mobile node (6), as well as user preference information provided by a service controller (13), which is able to divert an incoming message to an address specified by the user, and in the absence of current location information for the mobile node (6), can intervene to send an incoming message to a default location such as the proxy node (18).

Abstract: A device for implementing a multimedia communication dissemination system is disclosed herein. The communication system integrates heterogeneous satellite transmission systems, local area computer networks, and the public telephone system to implement a flexible, high-speed communication system. The preferred communication dissemination system includes a broadcast server for broadcasting an information signal, a mobile base station for receiving the information signal broadcast from the broadcast server, and a local area network for distributing information received by the mobile base station. The preferred mobile base station includes a receiver for receiving information signals transmitted from a broadcast server, a network interface for distributing processed information signals, and a software proxy process for processing information signals. A software proxy process controls the dissemination of information through the network.

Abstract: The virtual private network for cellular communications implements a secure local area voice and data network for use by members of an organization, such as a corporate customer. The virtual private network is implemented in the existing non-terrestrial cellular communications network in the form of software and routing tables that isolate the calls in the virtual private network from the existing cellular communications network infrastructure. This isolation can be effected, for example, by assigning fictitious station identifiers, such as telephone numbers, to the cellular subscriber stations served by the virtual private network. These fictitious numbers are identified by the gateway cellular switch that serves a customer's facility as subscribers served by the virtual private network.

Abstract: A satellite communications system includes a satellite that is configured to wirelessly communicate with radioterminals in a satellite coverage area over a satellite frequency band, and an ancillary terrestrial component that is configured to wirelessly communicate with radioterminals in the satellite coverage area over at least some of the satellite frequency band, to thereby terrestrially reuse at least some of the satellite frequency band. Wireless communications with a radioterminal are handed over from the ancillary terrestrial component to the satellite if the radioterminal transmit power exceeds a threshold, and a received satellite signal quality exceeds a threshold, even though the radioterminal is able to wirelessly communicate with the ancillary terrestrial component.

Abstract: A cellular telephone system provides coverage during cluster testing in which a new mobile switching center (MSC) that is to replace an old MSC is cut into the cellular telephone system for testing. A trunk group is built between the old MSC and the MSC. In addition, a signaling link is built between the old MSC and the new MSC. The new MSC is also assigned a unique point code to differentiate the new MSC from the old MSC during testing. In addition, the new MSC is provided with a new range of temporary local dialing numbers (TLDNs) for use during cluster testing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and system for communicating standardized telematic messages among a plurality of telematic devices. A telematic message is received by a message router from one of the telematic devices. The message router selects a destination device and transmits the message to the destination device, where the message is processed. In one embodiment, the message router determines whether the destination device is available to receive a message before transmitting the message. If the destination device is not available, the message is maintained in memory. In another embodiment, a time-to-live parameter is assigned to the message and the message is removed from memory of the time-to-live expires before the destination device becomes available. In a further embodiment, a priority parameter is assigned to the message and the processing of a prior message is interrupted if a new message is received that has a higher priority parameter than the previously received message.

Abstract: Boeing achieves satellite diversity by having a large discrimination angle for a MEO constellation of communications satellites to limit interference in the Ku-band with GSO communications systems. Each satellite entering an exclusion zone over a GSO ground station terminates all transmissions to provide EPFD within acceptable limits. The Boeing MEO constellation preferably comprises 20 satellites, 5 in each orbit. The four orbits are inclined at about 57° with respect to the equator. Services include an Integrated Digital Service (IDS) and Backhaul Data Service (BDS) to accommodate the needs of different users.

Abstract: A method and system for selectively reducing call-setup latency. The method and system provides for selectively increasing the paging frequency used for paging certain mobile stations, so as to decrease the time that it takes to establish radio-link connectivity with those mobile stations. The method and system is particularly useful when establishing real-time communication sessions, such as instant chat sessions, but may be useful in other scenarios as well.

Abstract: An approach for managing queues of a terminal operating in satellite communications system is disclosed. A hub controls bandwidth allocations in conjunction with a satellite. A plurality of terminals is configured to issue bandwidth allocation requests to the satellite. Each of the terminals has queues that are configured to store the packets, and a queue control logic that is configured to dynamically change depths of the queues according to a prescribed scheme. The prescribed scheme specifies new depths of the plurality of queues based upon past bandwidth allocations associated with the respective queues.

Abstract: The present invention provides a proxy switch, communication methods, and communication logic for use in a mobile network. A proxy switch is deployed between a base station subsystem and a mobile station center. The proxy switch receives signaling messages and either retransmits them, blocks them, converts them, or siphons them to an alternative network. Besides providing an ability to offload mobile traffic it provides a platform for new communication services.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data packets to a cellular mobile unit, comprising: establishing a data transfer path for providing data from a data network gateway to a base station controller, for a first mobile station identity; and transmitting data received along the established path to at least one mobile station having at least one second identity different from the first identity.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus and method of providing a history of failed calls for a subscriber who is targeted by the failed calls. In the present invention, when an exchanger can not route a call to a target subscriber it notifies an HLR (Home Location Register) of call routing failure. Then, the HLR sends information about the failed call, which includes the called and the calling number, and call originating time (or call receiving time), to a call control system. The call control system adds the received failed-call information to a calling history for the called number. Afterwards, when the called number is accessible the call control system provides a subscriber of the called number with the calling history, whereby the subscriber can know all of calling numbers that requested to make connections with him or her while he or she was not able to communicate with a mobile network.

Abstract: A wireless communications system and method provides wireless communications service for user equipment on board an aircraft. The aircraft includes on-board system equipment for supporting the wireless communications service with on-board user equipment. One or more ground stations are used for communicating with the aircraft using a plurality of feeder links for exchanging the wireless communications service's traffic and control information with the on-board system equipment, and for providing interfaces with a terrestrial telecommunications infrastructure. A mobile switching center manages the ground stations and the on-board system equipment of the aircraft, wherein the mobile switching center includes at least one platform visitor location register (VLR) associated with each aircraft to ensure proper registration and tracking of the user equipment used on board the aircraft.

Abstract: An LNB (low noise block down converter) that can have a plurality of receivers connected includes a conversion unit receiving a plurality of types of polarized wave signals transmitted from each of a plurality of satellites to convert the plurality of polarized wave signals into a plurality of intermediate frequency signals, an amplify switch connected to the conversion unit to receive the plurality of intermediate frequency signals as inputs, and having a plurality of outputs connected to a plurality of output ports, respectively, determining a status according to a select signal and providing an amplified intermediate frequency signal, and a first control unit receiving digital serial data to select a satellite from an external source via an output port and providing a select signal according to the digital serial data.

Abstract: A communication network is dynamically optimized using network operation metrics, such as may be acquired from a network controller such as a mobile switching center, to achieve network performance goals. Operational parameter adjustments, associated with a particular network resource and corresponding network resources, are preferably determined as a function of the network operation metrics. Implementation of the parameter adjustments are modeled to determine if further or different operational parameter adjustments should be determined. Preferably, actual implementation of the parameter adjustments is effected in part through providing the adjusted parameters to the network controller. Additionally or alternatively, the adjusted parameters may be provided directly to one or more network resources for implementation.

Abstract: A remote Information Management Network routing system located either at an independent hosting facility or at a central station monitoring facility that receives event and alert information from a security or premise monitoring system and sequentially transmits interactive notifications about the event and alert information to wired and wireless devices specified in a user profile within the Information Management Network.

Abstract: A method for determining whether a connection event between a base station and a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) should be accepted or rejected, comprises measuring the interference level I0 in a candidate timeslot; measuring the path loss L between the base station and the WTRU; measuring the total transmit power P0 of the base station; determining a thermal noise level &thgr;, determining a fading average signal-to-interference ratio (SIR); and calculating a ratio R, wherein if the ratio R is above a certain threshold the connection event will be accepted and if the call is below the threshold it will be rejected.

Abstract: A method and system for increasing the number of geographical addresses for mobile devices in regions of the Earth nearer to the equator than those regions closer to the North and South poles and without significantly increasing the size (number of bits) of the addresses is provided. Typically, regions nearer to the equator have higher populations and a greater need for large amounts of geographical addresses than those regions found closer to the South and North poles. By using the sine of a latitude coordinate for a particular location instead of the actual latitude coordinate, the range of available geographical addresses for mobile devices in the most densely populated regions on Earth can be significantly increased while decreasing the number of addresses available in regions closer to the South or North poles.

Abstract: A method of generating a beam pattern (202) covering a region of interest (100) is disclosed. The method includes generating a first set of beams having a first size (204). Each beam occupies a portion of the frequency spectrum which need not be unique among the first set of beams. A second set of beams is also generated. Each of the second set of beams has a second size (206) and each of said second set of beams also occupies a portion of the frequency spectrum which need not be unique among the first or second set of beams. The first set of beams and said second set of beams are projected onto a region of interest to create a beam pattern (202). The projected beams need not fall on a regular grid or adhere to any other regular pattern. Each of the projected beams in the beam pattern is substantially non-interfering with any adjacent projected beam.

Abstract: A wireless network and associated method for providing continuous communication service for a mobile unit as it roams within a virtual wireless network. The virtual network includes home and foreign access controllers and a virtual network manager (VN manager). The VN manager is used to maintain a VN configuration record that includes all active access controllers within virtual network and to disseminate said VN configuration record to all active access controllers. A tunneling data communication connection is established between all active access controllers including home and foreign access controllers. When a mobile unit first connects to home access controller and then roams to foreign access controller, communication data is transmitted between the mobile unit and the foreign access controller to provide continuous data communication on the basis of the characteristics defined by the virtual networking services while simultaneously preserving the IP configuration of mobile unit on the network.

Abstract: A wireless communication system is configured to allow for the provisioning of partitioned telecommunication service to subscribers. A wireless switch contains a partition table which associates a service provider with each wireless terminal which has the switch as its home switch. When providing telecommunication services to a subscriber using a wireless terminal, the switch provides such services using resources associated with the service provider associated with the subscriber. In one embodiment, such a resource may be a subscriber profile database such that multiple service providers maintain separate subscriber profile databases connected to the switch. The switch, upon determining the service provider associated with a subscriber requesting service, will retrieve the subscriber's profile from the subscriber database associated with the identified service provider. The switch then provides services in accordance with the retrieved profile.

Abstract: In a communication system with a bandwidth-on-demand processor, which may be power limited and connected to a myriad of terminals via relatively long delay paths, and another processor, which is connected to a few terminals via relatively short delay paths, an approach for effectively coordinating the processors is disclosed. A bandwidth controller receives a message requesting bandwidth from a remote processor and selectively grants the bandwidth request. The bandwidth controller transmits an assignment message that specifies a bandwidth allocation to the remote processor, and concurrently transmits a control message. A switch is configured to forward the assignment message to the remote processor. A controller is coupled to the switch and is configured to receive the control message, wherein the control message provides bandwidth allocation. The above arrangement has particular applicability to a satellite communications system.

Abstract: A bidirectional multimedia communication terminal with two orientable antennas for sending/receiving radio signals conveying multimedia data, electronic signal processors for processing signals received/sent via the antennas, a pointing system for pointing each antenna at a predetermined satellite from a constellation of non-geostationary satellites forming part of a multimedia telecommunication system, and a switching system for selectively switching the transmission of multimedia data between the terminal and the satellites of the constellation from the satellite at which one of the antennas is pointed to the satellite at which the other antenna is pointed. The pointing system includes an antenna orientation unit associated with each antenna and a control unit for controlling the orientation units on the basis of data on the position of the terminal in a frame of reference tied to the Earth and on ephemerides of visible satellites of the constellation.

Abstract: A system and method for allowing wireless carriers to implement intelligent spending-limited products to their post-paid subscribers. The system and method can be deployed separate from but cooperative with legacy billing environments or integrated with a carrier's billing and customer care suite. The system reduces latency in collecting and rating event-related data for roaming and local spending limits subscribers, enables selective deployment of real-time subscriber management based upon a carrier-definable threshold matrix, provides proactive messaging premised upon various account-related metrics, and enables the acceptance and immediate crediting of subscriber payments.

Abstract: A vocoder (125) is initialized, prior to processing an initial batch of audio data, from parameters extracted from the first frame of audio data (308, 310, 320, 330, 332). In the instant embodiment, parameters affecting voice encoding, which are based on estimates of direct current bias, are used to program a high pass filter (253) incorporated in the vocoder (125).

Abstract: In a mobile communication network, a controlling node receives capability information from a mobile terminal, indicating positioning methods supported by the mobile terminal and selectability of the positioning methods. In response to a location request message from a client terminal requesting the location information of a target mobile terminal, the controlling node transmits a first control message via a wireless node to the target mobile terminal, containing a copy of requested accuracy of the location information, if the capability information indicates that the target mobile terminal is capable of selecting positioning methods. The mobile terminal performs measurement according to a positioning method that satisfies the requested accuracy. Otherwise, the controlling transmits a second control message to the mobile terminal, specifying a positioning method. In this case, the mobile terminal performs measurement according to the specified positioning method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a telecommunication system comprising message centers (MMSC1 to MMSC4) which provide subscribers with message services, subscriber registers (HLR1 to HLR4) to maintain subscriber information, and a signaling network (SS7) connected to the subscriber registers.

Abstract: Method, devices, and computer programs for routing a message to a first network server (MSC1) in a server pool (CNSP) of a mobile communication system are disclosed. The mobile communication system comprises a controller (BSC2) of an access network (AN) connectable to the first network server (MSC1) and at least one further network server (MSC2) in the server pool (CNSP), wherein service points are defined (S100) and one or more of the service points are allocated (S110) uniquely to each of the network servers (MSC1), MSC2) in the server pool (CNSP). At least one of the network servers (MSC1, MSC2) has allocated (S110) at least two of the service points. A temporary identity is assigned (S150) by the first network server (MSC1) to a mobile device (MS). The temporary identity includes a selected service point which is selected (S140) from the one or more service points allocated to the first network server (MSC1).

Abstract: The process for creating, administering and operating distribution maps of the radiocommunications traffic is executed by means of an information system (1) storing data representative of geographical maps cut up into pixels (301, 302, 303) according to the way said network is cut up, and data representative of the traffic in the network. A geographical zone is selected by interactive means (3) between the user and said system (1) and the traffic data corresponding to said zone are recovered and utilised to form at least one distribution map (30) of the circuit traffic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission or transmission/reception device having a transmission path structure which makes it possible to increase the range of variation of the transmission power without degrading the signal-to-noise ratio. The attenuation is achieved in part in an internal unit 5 and in part in an external unit 4 with the aid of a switching circuit 25 which selectably couples an antenna between an output or an input of an amplifier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for routing a message from a Cell Control to a Mobile Control of a Radio Network Control equipment and vice versa. Such methods are substantially known in the art for Radio Network Controllers RNCs. The present invention proposes a communication between functional entities of a distributed RNC enabling the routing of the message by using known protocols and reusing identifiers already known for these protocols.

Abstract: An access control system for a wireless telecommunications system comprising: a first base station serving a first site and operable as part of a first wireless telecommunications network; a second base station serving a second site and operable as part of a second wireless telecommunications network; the first and second telephone networks being connected together, whereby a call can be connected between the first base station and the second base station via the first wireless telecommunications network and the second wireless telecommunications network; and the access control system comprising: a data link of which use is restricted between the first network and the second network, whereby a call may be connected between the first network and the second network; and a first site link access control unit comprising a database for storing identities of wireless terminals at the second site for permitting calls to such terminals made at the first site to be routed from the first site to the second site over th