Abstract: A glass composition consisting essentially of, based on mole percent, 46-56% B2O3, 0.5-8.5% P2O5, SiO2 and mixtures thereof, 20-50% CaO, 2-15% Ln2O3 where Ln is selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements and mixtures thereof; 0-6% M?2O where M? is selected from the group consisting of alkali elements; and 0-10% Al2O3, with the proviso that the composition is water millable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pearlescent pigments based on flake-form substrates which have at least one FeOOH layer and at least one TiO2 layer or at least one TiO2/SiO2/TiO2 layer package, and to the use thereof, inter alia, in paints, coatings, printing inks, powder coatings, plastics and in particular in care and decorative cosmetics.

Abstract: To provide a ceramic member having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of silicon and has satisfactory workability, a probe holder formed by using this ceramic member, and a method of manufacturing the ceramic member. For this purpose, at least mica and silicon dioxide are mixed and an external force oriented in one direction is caused to act on this mixed mixture to sinter the mixture. It is more preferable that, in the mixture, a volume content of the mica is 70 to 90 volume % and a volume content of the silicon dioxide is 10 to 30 volume %.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to microspheres (i.e., beads) having a high index of refraction. The disclosure also relates to retroreflective articles, and in particular pavement markings, comprising such microspheres.

Abstract: The process of making the glass-ceramic includes ceramicizing a starting glass at a heating or cooling rate during the ceramicization of at least 10 K/min, so that the glass-ceramic contains at least 50% by volume of ferroelectric crystallites with a maximum diameter of from 20 to 100 nm and not more than 10% by volume of nonferroelectric crystallitesis. The glass ceramic produced by the process contains no pores or not more than 0.01% by volume of the pores and a value of e?·V2max of the glass-ceramic is at least 20 (MV/cm)2, wherein e? is the dielectric constant at 1 kHz and Vmax is the breakdown voltage per unit thickness. The ferroelectric crystallites preferably have a perovskite structure and are composed of substantially pure or doped BaTiO3 and/or BaTi2O5.

Abstract: Presently described are retroreflective articles, such as pavement markings, that comprise transparent microspheres partially embedded in a (e.g., polymeric) binder. Also described are (e.g., glass-ceramic) microspheres, methods of making microspheres, as well as compositions of glass materials and compositions of glass-ceramic materials. The microspheres generally comprise lanthanide series oxide(s), titanium oxide (TiO2), and optionally zirconium oxide (ZrO2).

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass ceramic armour material consisting (in % by weight in relation to oxide base) of 5-33 SiO2, 20-50 Al2O3, 5-40 MgO, 0-15 B2O3, 0.1-30 Y2O3, Ln2O3, As2O3, Nb2O3 and/or Sc2O3 and 0-10 P2O5. The inventive armour material can also be reinforced with inorganic reinforcing fibres in a quantity of 5-65% by weight, preferably consisting of C, SiC, Si3N4, Al2O3, ZrO2 or Sialon. Said armour material is characterised in that it exhibits a high elasticity modulus and is producible from green glass without to fear a premature crystallisation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microspheres (i.e., beads) having a high index of refraction. The invention also relates to retroreflective articles, and in particular pavement markings, comprising such microspheres.

Abstract: The present invention describes a composition, method and article for a photomachinable glass having a coefficient of thermal expansion from less than 6×10?6/° C. in the temperature range of 0° C. to 300 ° C. The photomachinable glass composition is a low expansion glass having an amorphous glass phase and crystalline phases selected from the group consisting of spudomene and lithium disilicate.

Abstract: The invention is based on the object of providing armoring that is lightweight and exhibits a denser microstructure that is improved as against ceramic composite materials. To this end, armoring against high dynamic impulsive loads is provided that comprises a composite material having at least two phases, the first phase forming a matrix for the second phase, and the first phase being a glass or a glass ceramic, and the second phase being embedded and distributed in the form of particles and/or fibers in the matrix formed by the material of the first phase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a glass-ceramic with a defined zero crossing of the CTE-T curve (CTE: coefficient of thermal expansion), and glass-ceramic products produced using the process according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention is directed to highly crystalline, frit-sintered glass-ceramic materials and seals made using them that are suitable for solid oxide fuel cell applications. The seals have a coefficient of thermal expansion in the range of 70-130×10?7° C., preferably 85-115×10?7° C. The glass-ceramic materials have a crystalline component and a glass component, the crystalline component being >50% of the glass-ceramic and the glass component being <50%. In one preferred embodiment the crystalline component is >75%. Regarding the crystalline component only, >50% of the crystals in the crystalline component of the glass-ceramic has a structure selected from the structural groups represented by walstromite, cyclowollastonite, ?-(Ca,Sr)SiO3, kalsilite, kaliophilite and wollastonite (the primary crystalline phase) and the remaining <50% of the crystalline component is at least one secondary crystalline phase.

Abstract: Lithium silicate materials are described which can be easily processed by machining to dental products without undue wear of the tools and which subsequently can be converted into lithium silicate products showing high strength.

Abstract: Methods for making glass-ceramics comprising Al2O3, REO, at least one of ZrO2 or HfO2 and at least one of Nb2O5 or Ta2O5. Glass-ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. Some embodiments of glass-ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: An opalescent glass-ceramic product, especially for use as a dental material or as an additive to or component of dental material, including SiO2, Al2O3, P2O5, Na2O, K2O, CaO and Me(IV))O2. In order to obtain improved opalescence with improved transparency, in addition to fluorescence, thermal expansion and a combustion temperature adapted to other materials, the opalescent ceramic product is completely or substantially devoid of ZrO2 and TiO2, such that the Me(II)O content in the glass ceramic is less than approximately 4 wt % and the Me(IV)O2 content amounts to approximately 0.5-3 wt %. The invention also relates to a method for the production of the opalescent glass-ceramic product.

Abstract: A method for reshaping a glass body having a Tg and Tx by placing a glass body preform in a mold comprising a cavity having a void volume in the range of 70 to 130 percent of the volume of the glass body preform. The glass body preform is then heated at a temperature between (Tg) and (Tx+50 degrees Celsius) while applying pressure to the glass body preform to form a reshaped glass body.

Abstract: A glass forming apparatus and a glass forming method of high economical merit and high production efficiency are provided. More specifically, the glass forming apparatus has dies, in which at least one die is divided into a heat exchange unit and a press unit, and in the glass forming apparatus and glass forming method, the plane precision is improved in the contact dividing surfaces of the heat exchange unit and the press unit. A glass forming apparatus includes a die having a press surface for pressing a glass material, in which the die has a plurality of dies, and at least one die is divided into a heat exchange unit and a press unit. Preferably, the surface precision of at least one part of each dividing surface in contact with the heat exchange unit and the press unit has a flatness (PV) of 500 ?m or less, and the plane precision of at least one part of the dividing surface has a surface roughness (Ra) of 100 ?m or less.

Abstract: Al2O3—La2O3—Y2O3—MgO ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Some embodiments of ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: A method of facilitating the crystallisation of a macromolecule comprising the step of adding a mesoporous glass to a crystallisation sample wherein the mesoporous glass comprises pores having diameters between 4 nm and 100 nm and has a surface area of at least 50 m2/g. A method of facilitating the crystallisation of a macromolecule comprising the step of adding to a crystallisation sample a mesoporous glass of the composition Si02; CaO—P205-SiO2 or Na20-CaO—P205-SiO2, wherein each of the Ca, P, Si or Na atoms within the compositions may be substituted with a suitable atom chosen from B, Al, Ti, Mg, or K, and, optionally, the composition may also include heavy elements to enhance X-ray diffraction contrast such as Ag, Au, Cr, Co, Sr, Ba, Pt, Ta or other atom with an atomic number over 20.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a leucite glass ceramic doped with nanoscale metal oxide, to a doped leucite glass ceramic powder suitable for its production, to a method for producing the doped leucite glass ceramic, to its use as dental material, to a dental product containing it and to the use of the nanoscale metal oxide powders for the production of the doped glass ceramic or of the doped leucite glass ceramic powder.

Abstract: The invention provides a method to transform large quantities of waste glass into useful ceramic products by a low-cost manufacturing process. The method improves green strength compared to previous methods, and does not require water or any other liquid solvent. Only one firing step is needed with a low peak firing temperature of about 700° C.to about 1000° C. The method conserves energy and natural resources compared to clay-based traditional ceramic manufacturing. High-quality impervious ceramic products can be produced by the invention.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Alumina-zirconia materials and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: The invention relates to uses of glasses and glass-ceramics in dental and orthodontic applications.

Abstract: The present invention provides a filler which has high water resistance and high acid resistance, and high releasing abilities of ions such as fluorine ions, and can maintain high aesthetic appreciation for a long period of time, and a dental composite material comprising the filler, excellent in water resistance, acid resistance, ion releasability and aesthetic appreciation.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic composite material for use in forming a multilayered circuit substrate is provided which has a low dielectric constant, but exhibits a relatively high thermal expansion coefficient. Specifically, the glass-ceramic composite material comprises a glass power and a ceramic powder. The glass powder contains: about 30 to 60 mol % of SiO2, about 20 to 40 mol % of BaO, 0 to about 40 mol % of MgO, 0 to about 40 mol % of ZnO, 0 to about 20 mol % of B2O3, with the total content of MgO and ZnO being about 10 to 40 mol %. The ceramic powder contains an alumina powder. The content of the glass powder is set to be at least about 50 wt %. A sintered compact formed by sintering the above glass powder and the above ceramic powder contains a BaO.Al2O3.2SiO2 (BaAl2Si2O8) crystal, and its Q value becomes about 400 or more when a measured frequency is 10 GHz.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for preparing a glass-ceramic containing leucite crystals, comprising the steps of: mixing (1) a glassy material comprising 53 to 65 wt. % of SiO2, 13 to 23 wt. % of Al2O3, 9 to 20 wt. % of K2O and 6 to 12 wt. % of Na2O and (2) synthetic leucite seed crystals comprising 53 to 64 wt. % of SiO2, 19 to 27 wt. % of Al2O3 and 17 to 25 wt. % of K2O, and heat-treating the mixture at 750 to 950° C. for 1 to 5 hours; and a dental porcelain powder and a metal-ceramic restoration both comprising a glass-ceramic prepared by the method. The porcelain comprising the glass-ceramic prepared by the method is substantially free of opacification and decrease in the coefficient of thermal expansion, during fusion-bonding to a metal frame.

Abstract: The invention relates to uses of glasses and glass-ceramics in dental and orthodontic applications.

Abstract: Glass-ceramic consisting of: SiO3: 30-70%; Al2O3: 8-45%; M2O: 8-30%; MO: 0-30%; B2O3: 0-15%: P2O5: 0-15%; Zr2O: 0-12%; TiO2: 0-12%, wherein: M is chosen in the group consisting, of: Li, Na, K or mixture thereof; M′ is chosen in the group consisting of: Be, Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Zn, Pb or mixture thereof are described.

Abstract: A display panel is provided that has a multilayer structure made of a colored glass layer having a desired shape and optical characteristics and a non-colored glass layer having high transparency, as well as high productivity. The display panel has a non-colored glass layer and a colored glass layer contacting the non-colored glass layer. A multilayer structure is formed that includes a colored paste layer and a non-colored paste layer. In the colored paste layer, crystallization glass powder that is crystallized at the temperature TA and coloring agent are diffused. In the non-colored paste layer, glass powder whose softening point is the temperature TB that is higher than the temperature TA. The multilayer structure is heated to the temperature TC that is higher than the temperature TB and is lower than the softening point of the crystallization glass powder after the crystallization to be burned, so that the non-colored glass layer and the colored glass layer are formed simultaneously.

Abstract: Glass-ceramics and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Alumina-zirconia materials and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Amorphous materials, glass-ceramics and methods of making the same. Embodiments of the invention include abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Al2O3-rare earth oxide-ZrO2/HfO2 ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Certain ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: Methods of making amorphous material and ceramic materials. Embodiments of the invention can be used to make abrasive particles. The abrasive particles can be incorporated into a variety of abrasive articles, including bonded abrasives, coated abrasives, nonwoven abrasives, and abrasive brushes.

Abstract: Al2O3—Y2O3—ZrO2/HfO2 ceramics (including glasses, crystalline ceramics, and glass-ceramics) and methods of making the same. Ceramics according to the present invention can be made, formed as, or converted into glass beads, articles (e.g., plates), fibers, particles, and thin coatings. The particles and fibers are useful, for example, as thermal insulation, filler, or reinforcing material in composites (e.g., ceramic, metal, or polymeric matrix composites). The thin coatings can be useful, for example, as protective coatings in applications involving wear, as well as for thermal management. Certain ceramic particles according to the present invention can be are particularly useful as abrasive particles.

Abstract: Lithium ion conductive glass-ceramics comprise in mol %: P2O5 30-45% SiO2 0-15% GeO2 + TiO2 25-50% in which GeO2 0-50% TiO2 0-50% ZrO2 0-8% M2O3 0<-10% where M is an element or elements selected from the group consisting of In, Fe, Cr, Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu Al2O3 0-12% Ga2O3 0-12% Li2O 10-25% and contain Li1+X(M, Al, Ga)X(Ge1−YTiY)2−X(PO4)3 (where 0<X≦0.8 and 0≦Y≦1.0) as a predominant crystal phase. A solid electrolyte, an electric cell and a gas sensor utilizing these glass-ceramics are also provided.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a method of marking a ceramic member, which comprises firing, in an atmosphere, a ceramic green body containing at least 0.05% by weight of a color changing agent capable of developing different color tones by heating in different atmospheres, and heating a specific portion of the resulting sintered body in the other atmosphere to form a marking portion whose color tone is different from that of the other portion, and a marked ceramic member, thereby making it possible to easily form a mark having excellent visibility in a short time without increasing the number of processes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method to transform large quantities of waste glass into useful ceramic products by a low-cost manufacturing process. The major steps of the method consist of dry preparation of glass powder, granulation with a non-aqueous organic binder system, dry pressing with adequate green strength, and firing at low temperatures. Water and clay are not required in the processing, which eliminates problems that were encountered in the past. Only one firing step is needed with a low peak firing temperature of about 750° C. The method conserves energy and natural resources compared to clay-based traditional ceramic manufacturing. High-quality impervious ceramic products with only a small amount of porosity can be produced by the invention.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for the formation of dental restorations from glass-ceramic materials and the resulting dental restorations. A dental restoration is prepared by placing a glass-ceramic material in a heat-pressure deformable crucible. Heat is applied to the crucible to bring the glass-ceramic to a working range at temperatures above its liquidus temperature. The crucible has heat-pressure deformation properties which are matched to the working temperature of the glass-ceramic. Once the glass-ceramic is heated to its working temperature, the crucible is brought into contract with a mold having a cavity therein. As the distance between the heated crucible and the mold is decreased, the crucible is deformed to form a seal with the mold facilitating the injection of the molten glass-ceramic into the cavity. The resulting dental restoration has superior optical, esthetic and strength properties.

Abstract: Long-lasting phosphorescent glasses and glass-ceramics have a composition containing 30-65 mol % SiO2 and 20-50 mol % ZnO as basic ingredients and may also contain, as an activator or an auxiliary activator, 0-5 mol % LnxOy where L n is an element or elements selected from the group consisting of Y, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and Mn. In one aspect of the invention, long-lasting phosphorescent glass-ceramics have a composition containing 30-70 mol % SiO2, 5-40 mol % MgO and 10-55 mol % MO where M is an element or elements selected from the group consisting of Ca, Sr and Ba as basic ingredients. The composition further includes 0.0001-5 mol % Eu2O3 as an activator and 0.0001-6 mol % Ln2O3 as an auxiliary activator where Ln is an element or elements selected from the group consisting of Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu.

Abstract: A glass-ceramic material which exhibits extremely low (e.g. less than 100 ppm) shrinkage, when exposed to 900° C. for 6 hours, and methods for making such glass-ceramics. The glass-ceramic is cerammed at a sufficiently high temperature and then cooling in a controlled manner, preferably to below the strain point of the resultant material. Using this technique, glass-ceramic materials were fabricated which exhibited dimensional shrinkage comparable to and in some cases even less than that achieved by fused silica substrates, when exposed to high temperature poly-Si processing temperatures (e.g. 900° C. for 6 hours).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for forming glass-ceramic tiles. Fly ash containing organic material, metal contaminants, and glass forming materials is oxidized under conditions effective to combust the organic material and partially oxidize the metallic contaminants and the glass forming materials. The oxidized glass forming materials are vitrified to form a glass melt. This glass melt is then formed into tiles containing metallic contaminants.

Abstract: A low-temperature fired ceramic circuit substrate fired at a temperature ranging between 800.degree. and 1,000.degree. C. includes a plurality of insulating layers each formed of a low-temperature fired ceramic, an Ag conductor layer formed internally of the substrate, an Au conductor layer formed on a surface of the substrate, and an Ag-Pd layer formed between the Ag and the Au conductor layers, the Ag-Pd layer being composed of 100 parts metal composition consisting of 70 to 95 parts Ag and 5 to 30 part Pd by weight, and 2 to 10 parts lead borosilicate glass by weight. As the result of the above composition of the ceramic circuit substrate, its fabrication process can be simplified, and a defect rate in a connection between the Ag and Au layers after repeated firing is rendered approximately zero, which ensures high reliability for the connection.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a process for the formation of dental restorations from glass-ceramic materials and the resulting dental restorations. In this invention, a dental restoration is prepared by placing a glass-ceramic material in a heat-pressure deformable crucible. Heat is then applied to the crucible in order to bring the glass-ceramic material to a working range at temperatures above its liquidus temperature. The crucible in which the glass-ceramic material is placed has heat-pressure deformation properties which are matched to the working temperature of the glass-ceramic material being heated. The heat deformation properties of the crucible must be such that when the glass-ceramic material in the crucible is in the working range the crucible is heat-pressure deformable without rupturing.

Abstract: A low-temperature fired ceramic circuit substrate fired at a temperature ranging between 800.degree. and 1,000.degree. C. includes a plurality of insulating layers each formed of a low-temperature fired ceramic, an Ag conductor layer formed internally of the substrate, an Au conductor layer formed on a surface of the substrate, and an Ag--Pd layer formed between the Ag and the Au conductor layers, the Ag--Pd layer being composed of 100 parts metal composition consisting of 70 to 95 parts Ag and 5 to 30 part Pd by weight, and 2 to 10 parts lead borosilicate glass by weight. As the result of the above composition of the ceramic circuit substrate, its fabrication process can be simplified, and a defect rate in a connection between the Ag and Au layers after repeated firing is rendered approximately zero, which ensures high reliability for the connection.

Abstract: A ceramic circuit board comprises a ceramic substrate having a glaze film formed thereon, the glaze film being overlaid with a functional thin film such as a ferromagnetic film serving as a magnetic sensor, for example. The ceramic substrate is made of a low-firing ceramic material such as a glass ceramic material which can be sintered at a temperature below 1000.degree. C. by co-firing with the glaze film. Preferably, the ceramic substrate has a recess on its top surface, and the glaze film is embedded in the recess such that the difference in level between the ceramic substrate and the glaze film is 20 .mu.m or less.

Abstract: An optical fiber bundle for heat resistance and vacuum resistance which can be used even at a very high temperature or high vacuum is provided in economical manner. This is accomplished by a process for the production of an optical fiber bundle for heat resistance and vacuum resistance, which comprises making up optical fiber filaments each having a core part and a clad part into a bundle, closely fusion-bonding the end of the optical fiber bundle with a bonding glass and then subjecting the bonding glass to a crystallization treatment to increase the heat resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to synthetic phyllosilicates having a lamellar structure of the type T--O--T devoid of OH.sup.- and F.sup.- ions. Said phyllosilicates are very resistant to oxidation and possess a high thermal stability. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of said phyllosilicates.

Abstract: A plastically deformable mixture and method for making a body from the mixture are disclosed. The mixture is composed of powder materials, which when fired form as predominant phases: ceramic, glass-ceramic, glass, and combinations thereof, 0 to an effective amount of burnout agent, water, organic binder which can be cellulose ether, cellulose ether derivatives or combinations thereof, and hydrophilic and hydrophobic additives, to increase the wettability and/or lubricity of the mixture. One advantageous composition for ram extrusion is composed of ceramic-forming powders, water, and in percent by weight based on the powders, about 2% to 8% organic binder which can be methylcellulose, methylcellulose derivatives, and combinations thereof, about 0.3% to 1.0% sodium stearate, and about 0.5% to 2.0% oleic acid.