Abstract: An oxygen storage material comprising cerium oxide and at least one second oxide of a metal M1 is disclosed as well as a process for manufacturing the material and the use of this material in an exhaust gas cleaning catalyst. In a preferred embodiment the oxygen storage material comprises particles from a Ce/M1 mixed oxide solid solution coated with an oxide of another metal M2. Metal M1 e.g. can be calcium or zirconium while metal M2 most preferably is aluminum.

Abstract: A porous catalyst structure with a high specific surface area comprising a porous substrate with a catalyst layer thereon is provided. The porous catalyst structure can be prepared by a process comprising depositing a metallic layer onto the surface of a porous, metallic substrate by electroplating, and optionally oxidizing the metallic layer into the metal oxide layer. Any conductive porous metallic substrate can be used as the substrate of the subject invention, and the metallic layer may comprise any suitable metal(s) and/or metal oxide(s) with desired catalytic function(s).

Abstract: A catalytically active glass-ceramic and method for producing a catalytically active multi-phase glass-ceramic in which at least one catalyst precursor is mixed with a glass-ceramic precursor formulation to form a catalyst precursor/glass-ceramic precursor mixture. The catalyst precursor/glass-ceramic precursor mixture is then melted to form an amorphous glass material which, in turn, is devitrified to form a polycrystalline ceramic. The polycrystalline ceramic is then activated, forming a catalytically active multi-phase glass-ceramic.

Abstract: A catalyst (1) for use in exhaust emission control that improves catalytic activity and reduces the amount of noble metal used and method for making such a catalyst (1). The catalyst (1) includes a noble metal first constituent (2); a transition metal compound second constituent (3), part or all of which forms a complex with the noble metal; a third constituent element (4) that is in contact with the complex and has an electronegativity of 1.5 or less; and a porous carrier (5) that supports the noble metal, the transition metal compound and the third constituent element (4), and that is such that part or all of which forms a complex oxide with the third constituent element (4).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for forming a material of a metal oxide supported on a support particle by the steps of. a) providing a precursor mixture comprising a solution containing one or more metal cations and (i) a surfactant; or (ii) a hydrophilic polymer; with the precursor mixture further including support particles; and b) treating the precursor mixture from (a) above by heating to remove the surfactant or hydrophilic polymer and form metal oxide having nano-sized grains, wherein at least some of the metal oxide formed in step (b) is deposited on or supported by the support particles and the metal oxide has an oxide matrix that includes metal atoms derived solely from sources other than the support particles.

Abstract: A zirconia porous body with excellent stability of heat resistance is manufactured. This relates to a zirconia porous body having peaks at pore diameters of 8 to 20 nm and 30 to 100 nm in a pore distribution based on the BJH method, with a total pore volume of 0.4 cc/g or more, and to a zirconia porous body having a peak at a pore diameters of 20 to 110 nm in a pore distribution based on the BJH method, with a total pore volume of 0.4 cc/g or more.

Abstract: A method for producing a catalytically-active material having at least one base component and at least one catalytically-active component in which the at least one base component is heated to a softening or melting temperature to form a softened or molten base component. While the base component is in the softened or molten state, at least one catalytically-active component is incorporated into or onto the base component, forming the catalytically-active material. In accordance with one embodiment, a catalyst precursor is introduced into the base component and subsequently transformed to a catalytically-active component.

Abstract: Novel sorbent systems for the desulfurization of cracked-gasoline and diesel fuels are provided which are comprised of a bimetallic promotor on a particulate support such as that formed of zinc oxide and an inorganic or organic carrier. Such bimetallic promotors are formed of at least two metals of the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, molybdenum, tungsten, silver, tin, antimony and vanadium with the valence of same being reduced, preferably to zero. Processes for the production of such sorbents are provided wherein the sorbent is prepared from impregnated particulate supports or admixed to the support composite prior to particulation, drying, and calcination. Further disclosed is the use of such novel sorbents in the desulfurization of cracked-gasoline and diesel fuels whereby there is achieved not only removal of sulfur but also an increase in the olefin retention in the desulfurized product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Catalyst comprising a, preferably oxidic, core material, a shell of zinc oxide around said core material, and a catalytically active material in or on the shell, based on one or more of the metals cobalt, iron, ruthenium and/or nickel, preferably a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, to the preparation of such a catalyst and the use thereof in GTL processes.

Abstract: A method of making Cu, Zn, and/or Cu/Zn alloy nanoparticles subjects one or more targets to laser energy to form a vapor and condenses the vapor to form nanoparticles having an average particle size of less than 20 nm. The optional application of an electric field results in nanoparticles with aspect ratios greater than 1.0. The target(s) can be a single target or separate targets comprising a mixture of copper, zinc, and/or copper/zinc. When separate targets are used, the laser beam can be split to form two separate beams each of which is made incident upon one of the targets. The nanoparticles can be formed in a chamber having an inert atmosphere or a reactive atmosphere and a convection current is created in the chamber by maintaining the top plate at a lower temperature than the bottom plate.

Abstract: A composition is provided that can be used, for example, in a fuel processor for a fuel cell system. The composition includes a first material such as a catalyst, and a second material such as a desiccant. The second material is capable of sorbing and desorbing a heat transfer material such as water, and is present in an amount sufficient to sorb an amount of the heat transfer material sufficient to remove a portion of the heat generated when the first material undergoes an exothermic reaction.

Abstract: Use of titanium dioxide mixed oxide as a photocatalyst, wherein the titanium dioxide mixed oxide has the following features: BET surface area: 5 to 300 m2/g, mixed oxide component: one or several oxides from the group comprising aluminium, cerium, silicon, tungsten, zinc and zirconium, proportions: titanium dioxide more than 97.5 wt. %, mixed oxide component ?0.1 to <2 wt. %, sum of the contents of titanium dioxide and secondary component at least 99.5 wt. %, each based on the total quantity of the mixed oxide, titanium dioxide content of the primary particles containing intergrown rutile and anatase phases.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for making a stabilized transition alumina of enhanced hydrothermal stability, which include the introduction of at least one structural stabilizer; a steaming step before or after the introduction step, wherein steaming is effective in transforming a transition alumina at least partially to boehmite and/or pseudoboehmite; and a calcining step to create a stabilized transition alumina. The combination of the structural stabilizer and the steaming step is believed to impart high hydrothermal stability to the alumina crystal lattice. Particularly preferred structural stabilizers include boron, cobalt, and zirconium. The stabilized transition alumina is useful as a catalyst support for high water partial pressure environments, and is particularly useful for making a catalyst having improved hydrothermal stability. The invention more specifically discloses Fischer-Tropsch catalysts and processes for the production of hydrocarbons from synthesis gas.

Abstract: A methanol reforming catalyst containing passivated copper and zinc oxide and/or alumina can be prepared by (1) precipitating or spray-drying a mixture of catalyst precursor components dissolved or suspended in a diluent in order to form a solid catalyst precursor in the form of powder or granules, (2) calcining and reducing the solid catalyst precursor obtained in stage (1), (3) passivating the reduced catalyst precursor obtained in stage (2) and (4) shaping the passivated catalyst precursor obtained in stage (3) to form the catalyst. A reduction in the volume shrinkage and an increase in the mechanical hardness during operation of the methanol reforming catalyst are achieved by the preparation process.

Abstract: A catalyst for purifying exhaust gas that provides a superior catalytic performance even at a high temperature by increasing the durability of the promoter. The catalyst for purifying exhaust gas includes a promoter clathrate wherein a promoter component particle is covered with a high heat-resistant oxide. A promoter active species is contained in the promoter clathrate. The catalytic active species are located adjacent to the promoter clathrates. The catalytic active species has a precious metallic particle having a catalyst activity, a metallic oxide particle for bearing the precious metallic particle and a metallic oxide placed around the metallic oxide particle and the precious metallic particle.

Abstract: The present teachings are directed toward methods of modifying the properties of a composition by providing particles of a first composition having dimensions of less than about 3 nanometers and a substrate of a second composition. The particles of the first composition are placed on the substrate, whereby the particles of the first composition and the substrate interact to modify at least one property of the particles of the first composition relative to the same property of particles of the first composition having dimensions greater than about 10 nanometers placed on a substrate of the second composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a one-part, multinary metal oxide power which is suitable for producing high-temperature superconductors. To this end, a mixture of the corresponding metal salts and/or metal oxides and/or metals in the requisite stoichiometric ratio is introduced into a pulsed reactor with a pulsed gas flow resulting from flameless combustion and is partially or completely converted into the multinary metal oxide.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a photocatalytic powder containing titanium dioxide fine particles containing an anionically active substance, where the electrokinetic potential of the fine particle is from about ?100 to 0 mV in an aqueous environment at pH 5. Another object of the present invention is to provide a photocatalytic slurry containing the powder, and a polymer composition, a coating agent, a photocatalytic functional molded article and a photocatalytic functional structure using the powder.

Abstract: A precursor to a catalytic structure comprising zinc oxide and copper oxide. The zinc oxide has a sheet-like morphology or a spherical morphology and the copper oxide comprises particles of copper oxide. The copper oxide is reduced to copper, producing the catalytic structure. The catalytic structure is fabricated by a hydrothermal process. A reaction mixture comprising a zinc salt, a copper salt, a hydroxyl ion source, and a structure-directing agent is formed. The reaction mixture is heated under confined volume conditions to produce the precursor. The copper oxide in the precursor is reduced to copper. A method of hydrogenating a carbon oxide using the catalytic structure is also disclosed, as is a system that includes the catalytic structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst that may be used to facilitate the formation of dimethylchlorosilanes. A catalyst in which copper oxide and zinc oxide are in intimate contact and form agglomerated particles allows for the increased selectively of the production of dimethylchlorosilanes.

Abstract: A metal-supporting photocatalyst includes a metal deposit and nano-particles of a photocatalyst dispersed on the metal deposit. Preferably, the metal deposit is a metal electro-deposit. More preferably, the metal deposit has a dendritic structure. A method for preparing a metal-supporting photocatalyst, including forming a metal deposit of a supporting metal, and forming nano-particles of a photocatalyst on the metal deposit, is also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a novel additive composition for reducing sulfur content of a catalytically cracked gasoline fraction. This additive composition comprises a support consisting of porous clay into which a first metal from group IV is incorporated and a second metal from group II is impregnated. Preferably, the first incorporated metal is zirconium and the second impregnated metal is zinc. The sulfur reduction additive is used in the form of a separate particle in combination with a conventional fluidized catalytic cracking catalyst in a fluid catalytic cracking process to convert hydrocarbon feed stocks into gasoline and other liquid products.

Abstract: Catalysts for the purification of ethylene containing copper and zinc, optionally one or more promoters or supports. These catalysts are produced by precipitation, drying, calcination and compression, optionally with the addition of additives, the compressed catalyst particles are calcinated at a temperature between from 300 to 700° C.

Abstract: Bulk and supported catalysts are prepared from an aqueous slurry containing a catalytically active material and a binder. The slurry is either coated onto a support and dried to form a porous, high surface area phase containing the catalytically active material, or reduced to a paste-like consistency, molded and dried to form a bulk catalyst. The processes and catalysts may be employed in various catalytic chemical processes to achieve high effectiveness factor of the catalytically active material while achieving a lower pressure drop.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide catalysts for production of hydrogen from methanol. In an embodiment, a Cu/Zn catalyst may be promoted by Zr and/or Ce, in addition to, in embodiments, Pd or another noble metal. In an embodiment, a chemical composition may have a Cu/Zn base catalyst with a promoter element of Ce, Zr, and/or Pd or another noble metal. Methods of producing hydrogen using such catalysts are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nano-sized photocatalytic sol and application thereof. The invention utilizes spherical nano-photocatalyst and non-spherical photocatalytic sol for coating a photocatalyst layer on a substrate. Because of the stereo, interlaced and composite structure between spherical photocatalyst and non-spherical photocatalyst, a hard and well adhesion coated layer of photocatalyst with good photocatalytic activity can be obtained without using binder.

Abstract: The present invention provides steam reforming catalyst compositions containing Pd and Zn, and methods of steam reforming alcohols over a catalyst. Surprisingly superior results and properties of the present invention, including low temperature activity and/or low carbon monoxide output, are also described. Methods of making a steam reforming catalyst are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst that may be used to facilitate the formation of dimethylchlorosilanes. A catalyst in which copper oxide and zinc oxide are in intimate contact and form agglomerated particles allows for the increased selectively of the production of dimethylchlorosilanes.

Abstract: A catalyst and sorbent is disclosed which comprises pellets with an absorbent core and a protective shell with a catalyst in the shell. Such material is especially well suited for steam reforming of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen since a reforming catalyst can be incorporated in the shell and a sorbent for the by-product carbon dioxide can be used for the core. It is also well suited for producing hydrogen from carbon monoxide by means of the water gas shift reaction. The shell can be made sufficiently strong and durable for moving bed applications as well as fixed bed applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to highly active spherical metal support catalysts with a metal content of 10 to 70% by mass, and a process for their production with the use of a mixture of polysaccharides and at least one metal compound which is dropped into a metal salt solution.

Abstract: The oxide materials are of the class of ternary mesoporous mixed oxide materials including lanthanum, a metal M selected from the group consisting of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu and Zn, and zirconium or cerium such a mesoporous La—Co—Zr mixed oxide material designated as Meso LCZ[x] where x is the atomic ratio (La+Co)/La+Co+Zr. They are useful as catalysts since they show high activities for hydrocarbon oxidation and good resistance against poisoning agents. These highly ordered mesoporous mixed oxides are synthesized by: preparing an amorphous solution of a La-M precursor and adding a salt of zirconium or cerium thereto; acidifying the amorphous solution in the presence of a surfactant under conditions to obtain a clear homogeneous solution; adjusting pH of the solution under conditions to form a solid precipitate; separating the solution and surfactant from the precipitate; and calcinating the precipitate.

Abstract: Methanol steam reforming catalysts, and steam reformers and fuel cell systems incorporating the same. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes zinc oxide as an active component. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst further includes at least one of chromium oxide and calcium aluminate. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not pyrophoric. Similarly, in some embodiments, steam reformers including a reforming catalyst according to the present disclosure may include an air-permeable or air-accessible reforming catalyst bed. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst is not reduced during use. In some embodiments, the methanol reforming catalysts are not active at temperatures below 275° C. In some embodiments, the methanol steam reforming catalyst includes a sulfur-absorbent material. Steam reformers, reforming systems, fuel cell systems and methods of using the reforming catalysts are also disclosed.

Abstract: Alcohols prepared by reacting carboxylic acids and/or carboxylic esters with hydrogen in the presence of a special catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of water gas shift catalyst is described. The process includes mixing a copper salt and a zinc salt with an aluminum component in a solution, precipitating a precipitate from the solution, drying an forming the precipitate into the water gas shift catalyst. In an alternate process the aluminum component is prepared separately from the solution of the copper salt and the zinc salt prior to the mixing of the components. After the components are mixed a precipitate is precipitated from the solution, the precipitate is dried and formed into the catalyst.

Abstract: A photocatalyst including a metal oxide semiconductor represented by the formula: In1?xMxAO4 wherein M represents a transition metal element, A represents an element belonging to the Group 5a of the Periodic Table and x is a number greater than 0 but smaller than 1.

Abstract: Improved Ni catalysts for hydrogenation reactions are disclosed. The catalysts are useful for hydrogenation such as selective hydrogenation of acetylenic impurities in crude olefin and diolefin streams. The catalysts are prepared by depositing nickel on a porous support which has the following specific physical properties; BET surface area of from 30 to about 100 m2/g, total nitrogen pore volume of from 0.4 to about 0.9 cc/g, and an average pore diameter of from about 110 to 450 ? with or without modifiers of one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Cu, Re, Pd, Zn, Mg, Mo, Ca and Bi.

Abstract: A catalyst for deep desulfurization of a mineral oil corresponding to kerosene, having a nickel component of nickel and nickel oxide, zinc oxide, and aluminum oxide The contents of the nickel component, and the aluminum oxide and the zinc oxide are defined. The nitrogen monoxide adsorption of the catalyst and the specific surface area are defined. The catalyst is obtained by carrying out an activation treatment. A process for producing the catalyst is given and, method of deep desulfurization is given.

Abstract: A high activity catalyst is obtained by oxidizing and modifying the surface of zinc sulfide by hydrogen peroxide. An oxidation treatment is carried out in basic aqueous solution. The high activity photocatalyst is added to the basic aqueous solution in which hydrogen sulfide is dissolved to recover hydrogen and sulfur under low energy. Thus, the inexpensive high activity photocatalyst having a high catalytic activity and a long duration of life is realized and hydrogen gas is efficiently generated under little energy.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for direct application of a catalyst to a substrate for treatment of atmospheric pollution including ozone. The method includes applying a catalytic metal to a substrate utilizing a thermal spray process. The process can be utilized to apply a base metal such as copper to a substrate and the base metal becomes the catalytically active oxide during and following application to the substrate. This system replaces a multi-step process within a single step process to provide a catalytically active surface that can be utilized to reduce ground level ozone and other atmospheric pollutants.

Abstract: A system for enhancing fluid/solids contacting in a fluidization reactor by controlling the particle size distribution of the solid particulates in the reactor.

Abstract: The coating composition of the invention cures at room temperature, and forms a coating which is resistant to flex-fatigue. environmental temperature variability and provides for excellent adhesion to flexible elastomeric substrates. The coating in two parts comprises (A) a graft-modified fluoroelastomer and (B) a curing component containing at least one group reactive with an active hydrogen bearing group, such as an isocyanate group and another group which forms crosslinks, and (C) a solvent. The coating is prepared by mixing and milling the fluoroelasomer which has been graft-functionalized with an active hydrogen bearing group groups. The first part is admixed with the second part prior to applying the coating. Gelation of the coating takes place at room temperature over several hours with complete cure taking place within about 24 hours.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst that may be used to facilitate the formation of dimethylchlorosilanes. A catalyst in which copper oxide and zinc oxide are in intimate contact and form agglomerated particles allows for the increased selectively of the production of dimethylchlorosilanes.

Abstract: The invention pertains to new catalyst systems for polycondensation reactions, for example for producing polyethylene terephthalate. In accordance with the invention, complex compounds with hydrotalcite-analogous structures of general formula [M(II)1−xM(III)x(OH)2]x+(An−x/n).mH2O are used, wherein M(II) represents divalent metals, preferably Mg or Zn or NI or Cu or Fe(II) or Co, and M(III) represents trivalent metals, for example Al or Fe(III), and A represents anions, preferably carbonates or borates. These catalysts can be calcinated and can be used in combination with phosphorus compounds that contain at least one hydrolyzable phosphorus-oxygen bond.

Abstract: A catalyst for ester production which comprises zirconium oxide, copper, and at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of zinc oxide, chromium oxide, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide, and is obtainable by reducing with hydrogen a catalyst precursor prepared by the reaction of a salt containing at least one of metals constituting the oxides, a zirconium salt and a copper salt with an alkali hydroxide; and a process for producing an ester which comprises bringing either an alcohol or an alcohol and an aldehyde into contact with this catalyst in a gas phase.

Abstract: To provide a rust inhibitor which is a fired composition excellent in corrosion resisting properties almost as same as or even better than lead compounds and which is also good in stability of electrodeposition bath. The fired composition is a fired matter of a zinc compound and a tin compound, wherein zinc oxide Wz and tin oxide Ws are in the relation of Wz≧Ws in weight %. The ratio of the zinc oxide Wz and the tin oxide Ws is in the range of 99/1 to 70/30 in weight %, and preferably in the range of 95/5 to 85/15. Such a fired matter has not only a rust resisting function but also a curing catalyst function, so that such a curing catalyst as dibutyl tin oxide, which has heretofore been used, can be eliminated.

Abstract: Catalysts for the purification of ethylene comprising copper and zinc and, if desired, one or more promoters and supports are produced by precipitation, drying, calcination and pressing, with or without addition of additives, and the pressed catalyst particles are subjected to further calcination at from 300 to 700° C.

Abstract: A composition is provided that can be used, for example, in a fuel processor for a fuel cell system. The composition includes a first material such as a catalyst, and a second material such as a desiccant. The second material is capable of sorbing and desorbing a heat transfer material such as water, and is present in an amount sufficient to sorb an amount of the heat transfer material sufficient to remove a portion of the heat generated when the first material undergoes an exothermic reaction.

Abstract: A novel hydrocarbon feedstream catalyst bed for the desulfurization of a gas or a liquid hydrocarbon feedstream and a process comprising passing a hydrocarbon feedstream over the catalyst bed is described. The bed comprises at least two catalysts having different sulfur compound affinities and/or specificities thereby improving the overall amount of sulfur compound removal. The process reduces the sulfur content in a gas hydrocarbon feedstream from up to about 300 ppm to less than about 500 ppb, and in a liquid hydrocarbon feedstream from up to about 3% to less than about 500 ppb.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst for adding a glycidyl ether to an active hydrogen-containing organic compound, comprising a complex oxide of magnesium and at least one element other than magnesium selected from the group consisting of the elements in the third period and the fourth period in the periodic table. Also provided is a process for producing a glycidyl ether adduct, which comprises subjecting an active hydrogen-containing organic compound and a glycidyl ether to an addition reaction in the presence of the above-mentioned catalyst.

Abstract: A low temperature copper/zinc/aluminum water gas shift catalyst is described. The catalyst is formed from a precursor, wherein the precursor includes aluminum in the form of hydrotalcite and aluminum separate from the hydrotalcite. A method of making the catalyst and a process for using the catalyst are also described.

Abstract: A neural network is implemented by discrete-time, continuous voltage state analog device in which neuron, synapse and synaptic strength signals are generated in highly parallel analog circuits in successive states from stored values of the interdependent signals calculated in a previous state. The neuron and synapse signals are refined in a relaxation loop while the synaptic strength signals are held constant. In learning modes, the synaptic strength signals are modified in successive states from stable values of the analog neuron signals. The analog signals are stored for as long as required in master/slaver sample and hold circuits as digitized signals which are periodically refreshed to maintain the stored voltage within a voltage window bracketing the original analog signal.