Abstract: Provided herein are compounds, including those of the Formula II in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R2, is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R3, and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are compositions containing such compounds and methods of making both compounds and compositions thereof.

Abstract: An additive for oils that is capable of imparting oils such as lubricant base oils with superior wear resistance properties or friction resistance properties, and a lubricant. An additive for oils that includes a compound represented by formula (I) is used. A and B each represents a single bond or hydrocarbylene or the like, X and Y each represents a sulfur atom or single bond, and W and Z each represents a hydrogen atom or —NR1R2 or the like, provided that W and Z are not both hydrogen atoms. R1 and R2 each represents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbyl or a hydrocarbylcarbonyl or the like, and n and m each represents an integer of 0 to 5.

Abstract: A process for improving the oxidation stability of lubricants including providing one or more esters containing branched alkyl groups which are reaction products of branched alcohols with a) one or more aliphatic dicarboxylic acids corresponding to general formula (II): HOOC—R2—COOH in which R2 is a branched or unbranched, saturated alkyl group containing 0 to 34 carbon atoms, or b) one or more saturated branched monocarboxylic acids corresponding to general formula (III): R3—COOH in which R3 is a branched alkyl group of 3 to 39 carbon atoms, or c) one or more saturated monocarboxylic acids corresponding to general formula (III) in which R3 is a linear alkyl group of 3 to 29 carbon atoms, or d) a mixture thereof, as lubricants, with the proviso that the esters have an oxidation stability of 1000 hours or more, as determined by the Turbine Oil Stability Test (TOST test) to DIN EN ISO 4263-3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a modified solid stick composition comprising a thermosetting plasticizer, a resin, a lubricant, a friction modifier, or a combination thereof. The solid stick compositions may be used for application between two metal surfaces in sliding and rolling-sliding contact such as steel wheel-rail systems including mass transit and freight systems. A method of reducing energy consumption, or controlling friction between a metal surface and a second metal surface by applying the solid stick composition to one or more than one of the metal surfaces, is also provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of the formula: in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R1, R3, and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched, wherein compositions comprising the compounds are characterized by particular combinations of values for estolide number, kinematic viscosity, and pour point. Also provided are compositions containing the compounds and methods of making both the compounds and compositions thereof.

Abstract: Lubricating oil of reduced friction comprise lubricating oil base stock and dissolved therein carbon nanomaterials functionalized on their surface with ester or amide functionality and made using a technique involving multiple space apart in time or dropwise additions of reactants to the carbon nanomaterials.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to methods of making diester-based (bio)lubricant compositions, wherein such diester-based lubricant compositions generally comprise diester species prepared by reacting vicinal diol species with monoester(s) of one or more fatty acids. In some embodiments, such methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize one or more biomass precursor species (e.g., monoesters of fatty acids derived from crop oils and/or other source of triglyceride species such as algae). In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins, typically alpha (?)-olefins.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a compound obtained/obtainable by a process comprising reacting a glycolic acid, a 2-halo-acetic acid, or a lactic acid, or an alkali or alkaline metal salts thereof, (typically glycolic acid or a 2-halo-acetic acid) with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an amine, an alcohol, and an aminoalcohol. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In one aspect of the present invention, a marine system oil composition is provided for lubrication of mechanical components in marine engines, for example, two-stroke, cross-head marine diesel engines and methods/additives for using the marine system oil composition in the same. In one aspect of the present invention, a marine system oil composition is provided that has salt of a carboxylate-containing detergent comprising at least one alkyl-substituted hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid, wherein at least 50 mole % of, the alkyl groups are C20 or greater.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to diester-based lubricant compositions comprising one or more isomeric mixtures of diester species wherein the kinematic viscosity of the composition at temperature of 100 C is at least 3 mm2/s The present invention is also directed to methods of making these and other similar lubricant compositions. In some embodiments, the methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor material from which mono-unsaturated free lipid species can be provided or otherwise generated, wherein such mono-unsaturated free lipid species are converted to isomeric diol species en route to the synthesis of diester species for use as/in the diester-based lubricant compositions.

Abstract: Provided herein are grease compositions comprising at least one estolide compound of formula: in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 0; m is an integer equal to or greater than 2; R1, independently for each occurrence, is selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; R2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R3 and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched. Also provided are methods of making estolide-based grease products.

Abstract: A fluid blend suitable for use as a lube basestock comprises two major components: (A) a copolymer made from ethylene with one or more alpha olefins, the copolymer (i) containing not more than 50 wt % ethylene; (ii) having a number average molecular weight of from 400 to 10,000; and (iii) a molecular weight distribution <3; and (B) a polyalphaolefin fluid or a hydroprocessed oil having a VI greater than 80.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricating composition containing a dicarboxylic acid ester or a dicarboxylic acid amide as an antiwear agent. The invention further provides a lubricating composition suitable for the mechanical device such as an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method of improving air release is disclosed. The method comprises obtaining a lubricant comprising two base stocks. The first base stock comprises a viscosity greater than 100 cSt, Kv100° C. The second base stock comprises a viscosity less than 10 cSt, Kv100° C. In addition, a lubricant formulation and method of blending a lubricant formulation is also disclosed. The lubricant formulation comprises at least two base stocks. At least 5 percent and no more than 90 percent of a first base stock comprising oil with a viscosity greater than 300 cSt, Kv100° C. At least 5 percent and no more than 90 percent of a second base stock comprising oil with a viscosity less than 10 cSt, Kv100° C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metal processing lubricant compositions that are based on polyhydrocarbyl esters of aliphatic polyols, in particular tetrahydrocarbyl esters of pentaerythritol, wherein at least one hydrocarbyl group of the tetrahydrocarbyl ester comprises 6-14 carbon atoms and the other hydrocarbyl groups comprise 6-20 carbon atoms. The compositions are in particular suitable for metal forming operations, e.g. a cold rolling operation, a hot rolling operation or a drawing operation, and metal removing operations, e.g. grinding, milling, cutting, turning and honing.

Abstract: This invention relates to functionalized monomers. The functionalized monomer may be reacted with an enophilic reagent (e.g., maleic anhydride) to form an enophilic reagent modified functionalized monomer. The invention relates to lubricants, functional fluids, fuels, dispersants, detergents, functional compositions (e.g., food products, cleaners, etc.), and the like.

Abstract: Lubricated surfaces, lubricant compositions for lubricating a surface, and methods for increasing antiwear properties in lubricants. The lubricated surface is provided by a lubricant composition including a base oil of lubricating viscosity, at least one metal salt of phosphorothioic acid, and an amount of at least one hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound effective to provide an increase in antiwear properties of the lubricant composition. A ratio of titanium metal to phosphorus in the antiwear agent ranges from about 0.3:1 to about 1.5:1.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity and a compound obtained/obtainable by a process comprising reacting a glycolic acid, a 2-halo-acetic acid, or a lactic acid, or an alkali or alkaline metal salts thereof, (typically glycolic acid or a 2-halo-acetic acid) with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an amine, an alcohol, and an aminoalcohol. The invention further relates to the use of the lubricating composition in an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A composition comprising at least one compound represented by the following formula (Z) is disclose. A-L-{D1-(E)q-D2-(B)m—Z1—R}p??(Z) In the formula, A represents a p-valent, linear or cyclic residue; L represents a single bond or a divalent linking group; p indicates an integer of at least 2; D1 represents a carbonyl group (—C(?O)—) or a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—); D2 represents a carbonyl group (—C(?O)—), a sulfonyl group (—S(?O)2—), a carboxyl group (—C(?O)O—), a sulfoxyl group (—S(?O)2O—), a carbamoyl group (—C(?O)N(Alk)-), or a sulfamoyl group (—S(?O)2N(Alk)-); E represents a divalent group; R represents a hydrogen atom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having at most 7 carbon atoms; B represents oxyethylene group or the like; Z1 represents a single bond, or a divalent group.

Abstract: Haze formation in heavy Gas-to-Liquids (GTL) base stock is mitigated by the addition to said GTL base stock of one or more particular additives.

Abstract: Provided by the present invention is a lubricating oil composition showing a very low frictional coefficient when used as a lubricating oil for a low friction sliding material prepared by blending with an additive selected from a specific phosphorus-zinc-containing compound and a specific sulfur-containing compound, and a sliding mechanism having an excellent low frictional property in which a DLC film containing 5 to 50 atom % of hydrogen is formed or a sliding mechanism having an excellent low frictional property in which 1 to 30 atom % of tungsten (W) or molybdenum (Mo) is contained is provided by combining the above lubricating oil composition with a sliding member having a film of a specific low frictional sliding material on a sliding face.

Abstract: A lubricant or process fluid composition having excellent low temperature properties comprises a capped estolide ester, a polyalphaolefin, a synthetic ester and/or polyalkylene glycol, and a pour point depressant. The combination of the three base oils plus the pour point depressant produces a synergistic composition that may have a pour point less than ?15° C., preferably less than ?35° C., while also having more than 50 percent by weight renewable carbons and being economical and effective in a wide variety of applications.

Abstract: Formulations using tartaric compounds of the present invention in a low sulfur, low ash and low phosphorous lubricant lower wear, and friction and improves fuel economy.

Abstract: A solid lubricant formulation useful for lubricating the flanges of locomotive wheels, railcar wheels, rail tracks and in applications where it is desirable to reduce friction when metal contacts metal. The solid lubricant formulation including at least one non-polylactic acid-based polymeric carrier, at least one polylactic acid-based polymer, and at least one lubricant powder.

Abstract: This invention provides an oil composition for cutting and grinding by minimum quantity lubrication system, characterized by comprising an ester oil with a kinematic viscosity of 0.5-20 mm2/s at 100° C., and an ester-based polymer with a kinematic viscosity exceeding 20 mm2/s at 100° C. and an average molecular weight of 5,000-10,000,000. The oil composition for cutting and grinding by minimum quantity lubrication system according to the invention can achieve an excellent balance between misting property and inhibition of floating mist and ensure that an adequate amount reaches the working section, for cutting and grinding by minimum quantity lubrication system.

Abstract: A lubricant composition for thermoplastic processing including at least one natural fat and/or oil with an iodine value below 10 and at least one lubricant different from the natural fat and/or oil is provided. A method for processing thermoplastics including incorporating into a thermoplastic polymer a lubricant composition including at least one natural fat and/or oil with an iodine value below 10 and at least one lubricant different from the natural fat and/or oil, and processing the thermoplastic polymer is also provided.

Abstract: Formulations using tartaric compounds of the present invention in a low sulfur, low ash and low phosphorous lubricant lower wear, and friction and improves fuel economy.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to methods of making diester-based (bio)lubricant compositions, wherein such diester-based lubricant compositions generally comprise diester species prepared by reacting vicinal diol species with monoester(s) of one or more fatty acids. In some embodiments, such methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize one or more biomass precursor species (e.g., monoesters of fatty acids derived from crop oils and/or other source of triglyceride species such as algae). In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins, typically alpha (?)-olefins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a manual transmission oil composition containing a predetermined amount of polyalphaolefin (PAO) synthetic base oil and a predetermined amount of polyalkylmethacrylate having a number-average molecular weight of 300,000 to 400,000 as a viscosity index improver and thus having a high viscosity even at high temperatures and a low viscosity at low temperatures compared to other manual transmission oils having the same viscosity grade (SAE 75W85 grade).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to green lubricant compositions comprising a base oil and an effective amount of premixed additives that improve wear protection and reduce phosphorus emissions.

Abstract: Provided is a lubricating oil composition comprising a base oil for a lubricating oil, (A) a fatty acid partial ester compound, 0.5 to 1.5% by mass of (B) (b1) an aliphatic amine compound and/or (b2) an acid amide compound, 0.01 to 0.1% by mass of (C) a specific benzotriazole derivative and a specific amount of (D) a specific succinimide compound. It is a lubricating oil composition of an environmental regulation compliant type which is used for internal combustion engines such as gasoline engines, diesel engines, engines using dimethyl ether for fuel, gas engines and the like, which does not contain Mo base friction reducing agents and is reduced in ash, phosphorus and sulfur and in which a friction reducing effect, an oxidation stability and a corrosion inhibiting effect are enhanced.

Abstract: Disclosed are a lubricant composition including a lubricating base oil, fine particles and a calcium sulfonate-based thickener, a speed reduction gear filled with the lubricant composition, and an electric power steering apparatus including the speed reduction gear. The invention reduces operating noise of the speed reduction gear, regardless of the amount of backlash that occurs on combining a small gear and a large gear and without a more complicated structure for the speed reduction gear, by action of the fine particles. Further, separation of oil is prevented, by action of the calcium sulfonate-based thickener of the lubricant composition, so that electric power steering apparatus noise within the inside of a car is reduced at a low cost.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of ester group-including polymers having at least one nonpolar segment P and at least one polar segment D, where the polar segment D includes at least 8 repeating units, and the proportion of dispersing repeating units in the polar segment D is at least 30% by weight based on the weight of the polar segment D, as antifatigue additive in lubricants.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that an additive which is substantially insoluble in, has low solubility in and/or is otherwise incompatible with a functional fluid, may be supplied to the functional fluid by use of a gel composition and/or a solid additive composition containing the additive, such that the functional fluid can receive the benefit of the supplied additive and/or contain levels of the additive not otherwise achievable by conventional delivery method due to the incompatibility of the additive with the functional fluid.

Abstract: Additives that inhibit the passage of oil across oil-air interfaces in disk drives and enable the use of the lower viscosity oil in disk drives are disclosed. Mass transfer of oil from the bulk liquid oil into the vapor phase takes place by oil molecules evaporating from the oil-air interface, or collections of oil molecules being ejected from the oil-air interface as aerosol. The invention reduces mass transfer across the oil-air interface through the use of oil-soluble surfactants.

Abstract: A heat transfer oil, comprising: a. a base oil fraction have a traction coefficient less than or equal to 0.015, when measured at a kinematic viscosity of 15 cSt and at a slide to roll ratio of 40 percent; and b. optionally, an antifoam agent; wherein the heat transfer oil has an auto ignition temperature greater than 329° C. (625° F.) and an ASTM Color less than 0.5.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition is disclosed which comprises (a) a major amount of an oil of lubricating viscosity; and (b) one or more non-halogen-containing oil-soluble titanium complexes comprising at least one ligand selected from the group consisting of (i) an anion of an ?-, ?- or ?-hydroxycarbonyl compound; (ii) an anion of an ?-, ?- or ?-hydroxycarboxylic acid, amide or ester; (iii) an anion of an ?-, ?- or ?-aminocarboxylic acid; and (iv) an anion of an ?-, ?- or ?-keto acid.

Abstract: The use is described of polymers which contain, in copolymerized form, an ?-olefin, a vinyl ester and an ester of an ?,?-unsaturated carboxylic acid as an additive for fuel oils and lubricants and in particular as a cold flow improver in fuel oils. In addition, the fuel oils and lubricants additized with these polymers; and also additive packages comprising such polymers are described.

Abstract: A lubricant composition that is especially useful under extreme conditions, such as in wind turbine gearboxes, comprises a mixed feed glycol; a polyol ester; two particular antioxidants; a phosphorus-based extreme pressure additive; a yellow metal passivator; and at least one specified corrosion inhibitor. The composition passes testing according to ASTM D665B even at 168 hours from initiation, and/or the SKF-Emcor Test Method DIN 51802:1990.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for the addition of at least one (per)fluoropolyether peroxide comprising at least one peroxidic moiety and at least one fluoropolyoxyalkene chain (chain Rf) (i.e. a fluorocarbon segment comprising ether linkages in main chain) [peroxide (P)] onto a per(halo)fluorinated aromatic compound [compound (F)], so as to yield an addition compound of said compound (F), said addition compound [compound (A)] comprising at least one perfluorinated non-aromatic cyclic moiety having at least two substituents comprising a chain Rf and, optionally, conjugated or non conjugated double bond(s). Said addition compounds have been notably found useful as additives for (per)fluorinated fluids and lubricants or as base materials for the manufacture of gum and/or graft polymer compositions.

Abstract: Lubricating oil of reduced friction comprise lubricating oil base stock and dissolved therein carbon nanomaterials functionalized on their surface with ester or amide functionality and made using a technique involving multiple space apart in time or dropwise additions of reactants to the carbon nanomaterials.

Abstract: An electrical insulating oil composition comprising a heavy reformate as an anti-gassing agent is provided with excellent gassing tendency. In one embodiment, the composition displays a gassing performance of <30 ?L per minute as measured according to ASTM D2300-08. In a second embodiment, the composition displays a gassing performance of <0 ?L per minute.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricating composition containing (a) an ester-containing viscosity index improver; and (b) a polyoxyalkylene polyol. The invention further provides a method for lubricating a mechanical device with the lubricating composition.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a base oil for hydraulic oil suitably used for hydraulic systems having filters of which micropore diameter is 50 ?m or less, which is capable to improve the decrease of flow in a hydraulic pump at low temperature like ?30° C. or less and capable to normally operate the hydraulic systems. The invention also provides a hydraulic oil composition using the above base oil, especially a hydraulic oil composition suitably used for such as tractors, transmissions, and common systems thereof having the hydraulic systems. In order to achieve the object, provided is a base oil for hydraulic oil comprising mineral oil, wherein the mineral oil is defined by kinematic viscosity at 100° C.: 1.5˜6 mm2/s, pour-point: ?10° C. or less, viscosity index: 100 or more, % CP: 70 or more, % CA: 2 or less, and aniline point: 106° C. or more; and wherein, the mineral base oil is treated by catalytic dewaxing process and/or contains tertiary carbon atoms at a ratio of 7.

Abstract: An oil for cutting and grinding by minimal quantity lubrication system and for sliding surface according to the present invention comprises an ester, and is used as a lubricating oil for cutting and grinding suitable for a cutting and grinding method by minimal quantity lubrication system, and also used as a lubricating oil for sliding surface.

Abstract: The present invention is generally directed to methods of making diester-based lubricant compositions, wherein formation of diester species proceeds via esterification of epoxide intermediates, and wherein the epoxide intermediates are generated via an enzymatically-driven mechanism. In some embodiments, the methods for making such diester-based lubricants utilize a biomass precursor and/or low value (e.g., Fischer-Tropsch (FT) olefins and/or alcohols) so as to produce high value diester-based lubricants. In some embodiments, such diester-based lubricants are derived from FT olefins and fatty acids. The fatty acids can be from a bio-based source (i.e., biomass, renewable source) or can be derived from FT alcohols via oxidation.

Abstract: A lubricant composition of a synthetic oil of lubricating viscosity, 3 to 6 percent by weight of a nitrogen-containing dispersant, 1 to 2.5 weight percent of an overbased magnesium detergent, 1 to 5 weight percent of an antioxidant; and 0.25 to 1.5 weight percent of a friction modifier is useful for lubricating a hydrogen-fueled engine. The composition will typically contain less than 0.01 weight percent Ca, less than 0.01 weight percent Zn, less than 0.06 weight percent P, and will have a sulfated ash level of less than 1.2%.

Abstract: The invention provides a lubricating composition containing an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amine-containing friction modifier, and an ashless antiwear agent. The lubricating composition is suitable for lubricating an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising: (A) a lubricant or a hydrocarbon fuel; (B) at least one hydroxy carboxylic acid ester or hydroxy polycarboxylic acid ester having the generic formula defined herein; and (C) at least one phosphorus-containing additive.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition for an internal combustion engine, which includes a base oil, (A) at least one member selected from the group consisting of disulfide compounds represented by the general formula (I): R1OOC-A1-S—S-A2-COOR2??(I) and disulfide compounds represented by the general formula (II): R7OOC—CR9R10—CR11(COOR8)—S—S—CR16(COOR13)—CR14R15—COOR12??(II), and (B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of alkali metal-based detergents and alkaline earth metal-based detergents, the component (B) being present in an amount of 10 to 2,000 ppm by mass in terms of metal content. The lubricating oil composition has a low ash content, a low phosphorous content and a low sulfur content. But, Nonetheless, it can maintain wear resistance, has excellent heat resistance, can extend the lubricating oil change interval and has a long service life.