Abstract: A sintered cermet of a rotary tool has a hard phase with a first hard phase and a second hard phase comprising a carbide, a nitride, and a carbonitride of at least one of group 4, 5, and 6 metals of the periodic table of which metals the metal titanium is a main component. The result of an X-ray diffraction measurement in a surface region of the sintered cermet provides a first peak intensity Ib on a high angle side that is attributable to a (220) plane of the first hard phase and a second peak intensity Ia on a low-angle side that is attributable to a (220) plane of the second hard phase, and an intensity ratio Ib/Ia of the first peak intensity Ib to the second peak intensity Ia is in the range of 0.5 to 1.5.

Abstract: A cutting element may include a polycrystalline diamond layer and a reduced-CTE substrate comprising diamond particles disposed in a matrix material, wherein the diamond particles have a contiguity of 15% or less. Also, a cutting element may include a polycrystalline diamond layer and a reduced-CTE substrate comprising a matrix material, at least one diamond-filled region, and embedded diamond particles.

Abstract: A cutting table includes a lattice structure and a catalyst material deposited within voids formed within the lattice structure. The catalyst material is deposited in the voids during a sintering process that forms the lattice structure. The catalyst material facilitates the growth of the lattice structure. The catalyst material has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is less than that of cobalt.

Abstract: A method for making a super-hard construction comprising a first structure comprising a first material joined to a second structure comprising a second material, in which the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and Young's moduli of the materials of each material are substantially different from each other.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grinding tool for machining brittle materials. The grinding tool has a core and an abrasive rim. The abrasive rim has abrasive particles embedded in a matrix. The matrix has a metallic bonding agent and possibly also a polymeric bonding agent. The metallic bonding agent contains silicon nitride in an amount that constitutes 0.02%-5.0% by volume of the metallic bonding agent. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the grinding tool. In the method, abrasive particles are mixed with metal powder and silicon nitride and the mixture is sintered. Polymeric powder may also be added before sintering.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool according to the present invention includes a base material and a coating film formed on the base material. The coating film includes at least one TiCN layer. The TiCN layer has a columnar crystal region. The columnar crystal region is characterized by having a composition of TiCxNy (in which 0.65?x/(x+y)?0.90) and having a (422) plane having a plane spacing of 0.8765 ? to 0.8790 ?.

Abstract: There are provided a cemented carbide high in thermal diffusivity and excellent in wear resistance, and a cutting tool including a base material formed of this cemented carbide. The cemented carbide is a WC based cemented carbide in which a hard phase mainly constituted of WC grains is bound by a binder phase mainly constituted of Co, and is used for a cutting tool. The binder phase is substantially constituted of Co, or Co and Ni. A total content of Co and Ni is not less than 4.5 mass % and not more than 15 mass %. In this cemented carbide, the WC grains have an average diameter of not less than 0.4 ?m and not more than 4 ?m.

Abstract: Provided is a grindstone tool capable of grinding with high precision and a method for manufacturing same, the grindstone tool having improved chip discharge characteristics to thereby prevent chips clogging of the chip pocket. The grinding tool comprises: dimples (14) formed in the external peripheral surface (13a) of a base metal (11) so that the quantity present in any position in the width direction of the external peripheral surface (13a) is the same in the peripheral direction; a grinding surface (21) formed by affixing a plurality of abrasive grains (22) to the external peripheral surface (13a) using a plating layer (23); and recess parts (24) into which chips produced by the grinding of the abrasive grains (22) are discharged, the recess parts being formed by portions that correspond to the dimples (14) in the grinding surface (21) being recessed.

Abstract: A method for forming a stand-alone wafer or a coating on a substrate uses a composite of cubic boron nitride (cBN) particles and other materials, such as nitrides, carbides, carbonitrides, borides, oxides, and metallic phase materials. The wafer or coating may be formed of a thickness up to about 1000 microns for improved wear life. The density of material within the wafer or coating may be varied according to desired parameters, and a gradient of particle sizes for the cBN may be presented across the thickness of the material.

Abstract: Diamond bonded constructions include a diamond body comprising intercrystalline bonded diamond and interstitial regions. The body has a working surface and an interface surface, and may be joined to a metallic substrate. The body has a gradient diamond volume content greater about 1.5 percent, wherein the diamond content at the interface surface is less than 94 percent, and increases moving toward the working surface. The body may include a region that is substantially free of a catalyst material otherwise disposed within the body and present in a gradient amount. An additional material may be included within the body and be present in a changing amount. The body may be formed by high-pressure HPHT processing, e.g., from 6,200 MPa to 10,000 MPa, to produce a sintered body having a characteristic diamond volume fraction v. average grain size relationship distinguishable from that of diamond bonded constructions form by conventional-pressure HPHT processing.

Abstract: Embodiments relate to polycrystalline diamond compacts (“PDCs”) that are less susceptible to liquid metal embrittlement damage due to the use of at least one transition layer between a polycrystalline diamond (“PCD”) layer and a substrate. In an embodiment, a PDC includes a PCD layer, a cemented carbide substrate, and at least one transition layer bonded to the substrate and the PCD layer. The at least one transition layer is formulated with a coefficient of thermal expansion (“CTE”) that is less than a CTE of the substrate and greater than a CTE of the PCD layer. At least a portion of the PCD layer includes diamond grains defining interstitial regions and a metal-solvent catalyst occupying at least a portion of the interstitial regions. The diamond grains and the catalyst collectively exhibit a coercivity of about 115 Oersteds or more and a specific magnetic saturation of about 15 Gauss·cm3/grams or less.

Abstract: In one aspect, cutting tools are described having coatings adhered thereto. A coated cutting tool, in some embodiments, comprises a substrate and a coating adhered to the substrate, the coating comprising at least one composite layer deposited by chemical vapor deposition comprising an aluminum oxynitride phase and a metal oxide phase, the metal oxide phase including at least one oxide of a metallic element selected from Group IVB of the Periodic Table.

Abstract: In an outer blade cutting wheel comprising an annular thin disc base of cemented carbide having an outer diameter of 80-200 mm, an inner diameter of 30-80 mm, and a thickness of 0.1-1.0 mm, and a blade section disposed on an outer periphery of the base, the blade section comprises diamond grains and/or CBN grains bound with a metal bond having a Young's modulus of 0.7-4.0×1011 Pa and has a thickness which is greater than the thickness of the base by at least 0.01 mm. The outer blade cutting wheel is capable of cutting a workpiece at a high accuracy and a reduced allowance, improves machining yields, and reduces machining costs.

Abstract: An abrasive tool with flat and consistent surface topography for conditioning a CMP pad and method for making are disclosed. The abrasive tool includes abrasive grains coupled to a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) substrate through a metal bond. There is an overall CTE mismatch that ranges from about 0.1 ?m/m-° C. to about 5.0 ?m/m-° C. The overall CTE mismatch is the difference between the CTE mismatch of the abrasive grains and the metal bond and the CTE mismatch of the low CTE substrate and the metal bond.

Abstract: In one aspect, coated cutting tools are described herein. A coated cutting tool described herein comprises a substrate and a coating adhered to the substrate, the coating comprising at least one composite layer deposited by chemical vapor deposition, the composite layer comprising an aluminum oxynitride phase, a metal oxide phase including zirconium oxide, a zirconium sulfur nitride phase and a metal oxynitride phase in addition to the aluminum oxynitride phase, the metal oxynitride phase comprising zirconium oxynitride.

Abstract: A method for forming a polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) includes treating a carbide substrate having a cobalt content therein with an acid, e.g., aqua regia, to remove cobalt from a surface portion of the carbide substrate; disposing diamond crystals on the treated carbide substrate; disposing a sweep material on the diamond crystals on a surface of the diamond opposite the carbide substrate; and applying high temperature and pressure to the carbide substrate, the diamond crystals and the sweep material such that the diamond crystals are sintered into a polycrystalline diamond attached to the carbide substrate to form the polycrystalline diamond compact.

Abstract: The reactor for polycrystalline silicon is a reactor for polycrystalline silicon in which a silicon seed rod installed inside the reactor is heated by supplying electricity, a raw material gas supplied inside the reactor is allowed to react, thereby producing polycrystalline silicon on the surface of the silicon seed rod, and specifically, the reactor for polycrystalline silicon is provided with a raw material gas supply port installed on the bottom of the reactor and a raw material gas supply nozzle attached to the raw material gas supply port so as to be communicatively connected and extending upward, in which the upper end of the raw material gas supply nozzle is set to a height in a range from ?10 cm to +5 cm on the basis of the upper end of the electrode which retains the silicon seed rod.

Abstract: An abrasive article includes a body having abrasive grains contained within a bond material comprising a metal or metal alloy, wherein the body comprises a ratio of VAG/VBM of at least about 1.3, wherein VAG is the volume percent of abrasive grains within the total volume of the body and VBM is the volume percent of bond material within the total volume of the body.

Abstract: A wear element for a downhole, earth cutting tool for forming bore holes comprises a wear layer made of “cold pressed graphite” attached to a substrate comprised of, for example, a cemented metal carbide. Cold pressed graphite is, depending on the arrangement of carbon bonds, also referred to as M-carbon or W-carbon, cbt-c4, Z-Carbon and others. The wear element is formed by pressing with a previously formed cemented carbide substrate particles of one or more carbon allotropes, including, for example, SP2 bonded carbon allotropes, such as Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, graphite, at pressures in excess of 1,000,000 pounds per square inch, or 6.89 Gigapascals, at a temperature substantially below 600 degrees Celsius.

Abstract: Disclosed are substances and methods of cleaning musical instruments which are capable of abrading or removing dirt and grime from instrument surfaces or cracks. In one embodiment, the substance comprises a plastic flexible material mixed with at least one abrasive material. In one method of use: (1) a lubricant (such as a water/detergent solution) is gently sprayed on to a small area on the surface of a musical instrument; (2) the substance is, with light to medium pressure, rubbed across the lubricated surface multiple times until the area is visibly clean or smooth to the touch; and (3) steps one and two are repeated until the whole instrument is cleaned or smoothed.

Abstract: An abrasive article includes an abrasive body having abrasive grains within a bond material, the abrasive body further including a spinel material disposed at an interface between the abrasive grains and the bond matrix.

Abstract: Methods of treating a plurality of particles involve functionalizing a plurality of microscale diamond particles by covalently bonding one or more molecular groups selected from OH functional groups, —COOH functional groups, —R—COOH functional groups, wherein R includes alkyls, -Ph-COOH functional groups, wherein Ph includes phenolics, polymers, oligomers, monomers, glycols, sugars, ionic functional groups, metallic functional groups, and organo-metallic functional groups to outer surfaces of at least some particles of the plurality of microscale diamond particles. A stability of the functionalized plurality of microscale diamond particles in dispersion is increased as compared to a plurality of microscale diamond particles that has not been functionalized.

Abstract: A vitrified superabrasive product includes a superabrasive component and a vitrified bond component in which the superabrasive component is dispersed. The vitrified bond includes an oxide of a lanthanoid. Additionally, the vitrified bond component defines pores that can be essentially all less than 800 ?m in diameter. Seventy percent of the pores are in a range of between about 40 ?m and about 500 ?m and have an average aspect ratio less than about 2. The porosity is in a range of between about 50% and about 90% of the total volume of the superabrasive product.

Abstract: A cubic boron nitride sintered substrate has a coating with lower and upper layers. The upper layer has an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 ?m and is formed from a compound of a compositional formula M?, where M represents one or more of Ti, V, Zr, Nb, Mo, Al, Si, and ? is one or more of C, N, B and O. The lower layer has an average thickness of 0.5 to 3.0 ?m and has alternated first and second thin layers. The first thin layer is formed from a compound with compositional formula (Ti(1-x)Lx)?, where L is one or more of Al, B and Si, and ? is C or N, or both. The second thin layer is formed with compositional formula (Al(1-y)Jy)?, where J represents one or more of Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb and Mo, and ? is C or N, or both.

Abstract: Methods of forming a polycrystalline compact using at least one metal salt as a sintering aid. Such methods may include forming a mixture of the at least one metal salt and a plurality of grains of hard material and sintering the mixture to form a hard polycrystalline material. During sintering, the metal salt may melt or react with another compound to form a liquid that acts as a lubricant to promote rearrangement and packing of the grains of hard material. The metal salt may, thus, enable formation of hard polycrystalline material having increased density, abrasion resistance, or strength. The metal salt may also act as a getter to remove impurities (e.g., catalyst material) during sintering. The methods may also be employed to faun cutting elements and earth-boring tools.

Abstract: A vitrified superabrasive product includes a superabrasive component and a vitrified bond component in which the superabrasive component is dispersed, wherein the vitrified bond component defines pores occupying greater than about 50% of the total volume of the vitrified superabrasive product. The vitrified superabrasive product can be in the form of a grinding tool, such as a grinding wheel. A superabrasive mixture includes a glass powder, a superabrasive grit, a binder and a silicon carbide. The mixture can be in the form of a green body, which is fired under an atmosphere and pressure, and at a temperature sufficient to form a porous vitrified superabrasive product.

Abstract: An abrasive article configured to grind a workpiece having a fracture toughness at least about 7 MPa·m0.5 includes a body comprising abrasive particles contained within a bond material comprising a metal, wherein the body comprises a ratio of VAG/VBM of at least about 1.3, wherein VAG is a volume percent of abrasive particles within a total volume of the body and VBM is a volume percent of bond material within the total volume of the body, and wherein the abrasive particles have an average particle size of 40 to 60 microns.

Abstract: An abrasive grain is disclosed and may include a body. The body may define a length (l), a height (h), and a width (w). In a particular aspect, the length is greater than or equal to the height and the height is greater than or equal to the width. Further, in a particular aspect, the body may include a primary aspect ratio defined by the ratio of length:height of at least about 2:1. The body may also include an upright orientation probability of at least about 50%.

Abstract: An abrasive article comprising: a first body comprising a first bond material having abrasive particles contained within the first bond material, wherein the first body comprising the first bond material comprises a ratio of VAG(1)/VBM(1) of at least about 1.3; a second body comprising a second bond material having abrasive particles contained within the second bond material, wherein the second body comprising the second bond material comprises a ratio of VAG(2)/VBM(2) of less than about 1.3, and wherein VAG is a volume percent of abrasive particles within a total volume of the first or second body respectively and VBM is a volume percent of the first or second bond material within the total volume of the first or second body respectively.

Abstract: A particulate material having a body including a first phase having at least about 70 wt % alumina for a total weight of the first phase, and a second phase comprising phosphorus, wherein the body includes at least about 0.1 wt % of the second phase for the total weight of the body, and wherein the second phase has an average grain size of not greater than about 1 micron.

Abstract: An abrasive article comprising a backing material and an abrasive layer disposed on the backing material, wherein the abrasive layer comprises a blend of abrasive particles comprising a first plurality of abrasive particles and a second plurality of abrasive particles.

Abstract: Thermally stable diamond constructions comprise a diamond body having a plurality of bonded diamond crystals, a plurality of interstitial regions disposed among the crystals, and a substrate attached to the body. The body includes a working surface and a side surface extending away from the working surface to the substrate. The body comprises a first region adjacent the side surface that is substantially free of a catalyst material and that extends a partial depth into the diamond body. The first region can further extend to at least a portion of the working surface and a partial depth therefrom into the diamond body. The diamond body can be formed from natural diamond grains and/or a mixture of natural and synthetic diamond grains. A surface of the diamond body is treated to provide the first region, and before treatment is finished to an approximate final dimension.

Abstract: An abrasive article configured to grind a workpiece having a fracture toughness of less than about 6 MPa·m ½ includes a body comprising abrasive particles contained within a bond material comprising a metal, wherein the body comprises a ratio of VAG/VBM of at least about 1.3, wherein VAG is a volume percent of abrasive particles within a total volume of the body and VBM is a volume percent of bond material within the total volume of the body, and wherein the abrasive particles have an average particle size of 1 to 45 microns.

Abstract: An abrasive article including a bonded abrasive body having a bond material made of a vitrified material, abrasive particles comprising a first type of superabrasive material contained in the bond material, a porosity of at least about 50 vol % of the total volume of the bonded abrasive body, and a ?CTE of not greater than about 5.5 ppm/° C., wherein ?CTE is defined as a difference between a CTE of the bond material and a CTE of the abrasive particles.

Abstract: PCBN material consisting essentially of cubic boron nitride (cBN) grains and binder material, the content of the cBN grains being at least 80 weight percent of the PCBN material; the binder material comprising greater than 50 weight percent Al and a combined content of at least 5 weight percent of an iron group element and a refractory element, the iron group element selected from the group consisting of Co, Fe, Ni and Mn, and the refractory element selected from the group consisting of W, Cr, V, Mo, Ta, Ti, Hf and Zr.

Abstract: Abrasive particles comprising shaped abrasive particles each having a sidewall, each of the shaped abrasive particles comprising alpha alumina and having a first face and a second face separated by a sidewall and having a maximum thickness, T; and the shaped abrasive particles further comprising a plurality of grooves on the second face.

Abstract: A method of forming a shaped abrasive particle includes forming a first mixture and a second mixture in a single forming process into an integral precursor shaped abrasive particle, wherein the first mixture has a different composition than a composition of the second mixture.

Abstract: Shot blasting particles are constituted by a ceramic material having an apparent relative density of more than 4.0 and less than 5.0 and comprising more than 5% of silica, as a percentage by weight based on the oxides.

Abstract: An abrasive particle having an irregular surface, wherein the surface roughness of the particle is less than about 0.95. A method for producing modified abrasive particles, including providing a plurality of abrasive particles, providing a reactive coating on said particles, heating said coated particles; and recovering modified abrasive particles.

Abstract: Cutting tool insert has a substrate and a coating of one or more refractory layers of which at least one layer is an ?-Al2O3 layer having thickness of 1 to 25 ?m, sulphur content of more than 100 ppm analysed by Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS), and texture coefficient TC (0 0 12)>4 for the (0 0 12) growth direction. The at least one ?-Al2O3 layer is deposited by chemical vapour deposition (CVD) using reaction gases comprising H2, CO2, AlCl3 and X, with X being H2S, SO2, SF6, or combinations thereof, and optional additions of N2 and Ar. The amount of X is at least 1.0 vol-% of the total volume of gases in the reaction chamber. The volume ratio of CO2 and X in the reaction chamber lies within the range of 1?CO2/X?7 during deposition of the at least one ?-Al2O3 layer.

Abstract: Provided is a surface coated cutting tool in which a hard coating layer exhibits excellent chipping resistance in high-speed intermittent cutting processes. In the surface coated cutting tool having the hard coating layer including a lower layer (Ti compound layer) and an upper layer (Al2O3 layer) formed by vapor-deposition on the surface of the cutting tool body constituted by a WC-based cemented carbide or TiCN-based cermet, the ratio b/a of the number a of crystal grains in the Ti compound layer present in the interface to which the lower layer and the upper layer are adjacent to the number b of crystal grains in the Al2O3 layer is 4?b/a?20, and, furthermore, the average grain diameter of crystal grains in the Ti compound layer immediately below the Al2O3 layer is 0.5 ?m or less.

Abstract: An abrasive wear-resistant material includes a matrix and sintered and cast tungsten carbide pellets. A device for use in drilling subterranean formations includes a first structure secured to a second structure with bonding material. An abrasive wear-resistant material covers the bonding material. The first structure may include a drill bit body and the second structure may include a cutting element. A method for applying an abrasive wear-resistant material to a drill bit includes providing a bit, mixing sintered and cast tungsten carbide pellets in a matrix material to provide a pre-application material, heating the pre-application material to melt the matrix material, applying the pre-application material to the bit, and solidifying the material. A method for securing a cutting element to a bit body includes providing an abrasive wear-resistant material to a surface of a drill bit that covers a brazing alloy disposed between the cutting element and the bit body.

Abstract: An abrasive article includes a shaped abrasive particle including a body having a first height (h1) at a first end of the body defining a corner between an upper surface, a first side surface, and a second side surface, and a second height (h2) at a second end of the body opposite the first end defining an edge between the upper surface and a third side surface, wherein the average difference in height between the first height and the second height is at least about 50 microns. The body also includes a bottom surface defining a bottom area (Ab) and a cross-sectional midpoint area (Am) defining an area of a plane perpendicular to the bottom area and extending through a midpoint of the particle, the body has an area ratio of bottom area to midpoint area (Ab/Am) of not greater than about 6.

Abstract: A coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a PVD coating having an outermost zone C being a nitride, carbide, boride, or mixtures thereof, of Si and at least two additional elements selected from Al, Y, and groups 4, 5 or 6 of the periodic table and zone C is free from a compositional gradient of an average content of Si. Zone C has a laminar, aperiodic, multilayered structure with alternating individual layers X and Y having different compositions from each other. The coating further includes a zone A closest to the substrate, a transitional zone B, where zone A is essentially free from Si, zone B includes a compositional gradient of the average content of Si, and where the average content of Si is increasing towards zone C.

Abstract: A method of forming a patterned lapping plate by providing a working tool having a pattern comprising a plurality of raised teeth, each of the raised teeth having a base, at least one side wall, and a terminal end, and patterning the lapping plate with the tool to provide a working surface having an inverse pattern of the tool surface in the working surface of the lapping plate, the patterning process plastically deforming the working surface of the lapping plate.

Abstract: A polycrystalline diamond construction comprising a body of polycrystalline diamond material is formed of a mass of diamond grains exhibiting inter-granular bonding and defining a plurality of interstitial regions therebetween, and a non-diamond phase at least partially filling a plurality of the interstitial regions to form non-diamond phase pools, the non-diamond phase pools each having an individual cross-sectional area. The percentage of non-diamond phase in the total area of a cross-section of the body of polycrystalline diamond material and the mean of the individual cross-sectional areas of the non-diamond phase pools in the image analysed using an image analysis technique at a selected magnification is less than 0.7, or less than 0.340 microns squared, or between around 0.005 to 0.340 microns squared depending on the percentage of non-diamond phase in the total area of the cross-section of the polycrystalline diamond construction. There is also disclosed a method of making such a construction.

Abstract: The blasting material includes abrasives, and water in the range of 5 to 30 mass % both inclusive relative to a mass of the abrasives, the abrasives being prepared in advance such that all of the abrasives are uniformly wet.

Abstract: A method of forming a shaped abrasive particle includes extruding a mixture into an opening in a screen within an application zone and translating the screen and belt to a release zone and separating the screen and belt to form a precursor shaped abrasive particle on the belt, wherein the screen and belt are separated at a release angle of at least about 15° and not greater than about 45°, wherein the release angle is defined as an angle between a surface of the screen and a surface of the belt.

Abstract: A superabrasive material and method of making the superabrasive material are provided. The superabrasive material may comprise a superabrasive crystal and a plurality of particles. The plurality of particles may be included within the superabrasive crystal. The plurality of particles may comprise a non-catalyst material.

Abstract: A polycrystalline diamond (PCD) with diamond grains includes a first zone of the diamond grains and a second zone of the diamond grains. The first zone forms a working surface and a first catalyzing material is disposed within voids of the diamond grains in the first zone. A second catalyzing material is bonded to the diamond grains disposed in the second zone. The first catalyzing material in the first zone is connected to the diamond grains disposed in the first zone less intimately than the second catalyzing material is bonded to the diamond grains in the second zone.