Abstract: Avermectin compounds are substituted at the 4a-position: the 4a-methyl group is first derivatized with a hydroxy group which is then substituted with a variety of alkyl, alkoxy alkyl, or polyalkoxy alkyl groups and derivatives thereof. The compounds are potent antiparasitic and anthelmintic agents and compositions for such uses are also disclosed.

Abstract: Avermectin analogs are prepared where the 23-position ring carbon atom is deleted and replaced by an oxygen atom. The compounds are prepared by opening the outer spiroketal ring to gain access to the 23-position atom, substituting the ring-opened compounds with a substituent containing the oxygen atom in the appropriate position and closing the ring to prepare the desired compounds. The compounds are potent anthelmintic agents and methods and compositions including such 23-nor-23-oxa compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed avermectin derivatives which are avermectin modified at the 3- and 4-positions. The 3-hydroxy and 4-keto, epoxide and hydroxy (hydroxymethyl) derivatives and the 4-oxo compound are prepared from the natural avermectin by moving the 3,4-double bond exocyclic at 4 and forming a 3-hydroxy group. Osmolation gave an .alpha.,.beta.-diol across the double bond and cleavage of the diol provided the 4-oxo compound. The 4-oxo compound is epoxidized with an ylide reagent. The compounds are useful as anthelmintic agents and compositions for that use using the compounds as the active ingredient thereof are also described.

Abstract: Avermectin compounds are substituted at the 4", 4' or 13-postion hydroxy group with an alkylthioalkyl group and are optionally substituted at the other reactive positions of the avermectin molecule. The compounds are prepared by reacting protected avermectins, avermectin monosaccharides or avermectin aglycones with dialkylsulfoxides. The compounds are potent antiparasitic agents and compositions for such uses are also disclosed.

Abstract: Avermectin derivatives are disclosed wherein the 4"-hydroxy group is replaced by a substituted alkylthio or acylthio group or an iodo group. These avermectin derivatives can be further derivatized at the 5- and 23-positions as ketoximes or O-substituted ketoximes. The 4"-substituted avermectin derivatives are prepared from the 4"- and 4'-trifluoromethanesulfonyl avermectin derivatives with halo- or sulfur-containing nucleophiles. The 4"- and 4'-.alpha.- and .beta.-trifluoromethane sulfonates are prepared selectively and converted into 4"- or 4'-alkyl- or acylsulfides, or iodides using the appropriate sulfur-containing or iodine nucleophile. Substituted sulfoxy and sulfonyl substituents at the 4"- and 4'-positions are prepared from oxidation of the corresponding substituted sulfides. The new compounds are potent anti-parasitic agents; in particular, the compounds are anthelmintic, insecticidal and acaricidal agents.

Abstract: A microorganism for selective production of a specific compound of avermectin having one or more of the following properties:specific accumulation of avermectin compound "a",effective incorporation of isoleucine or its keto acid (3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid) into avermectin molecule, andmarkedly suppressed incorporation of valine or its keto acid (2-oxoisovaleric acid) into avermectin molecule.

Abstract: Described and claimed are methods and compositions for the control of pests. According to the subject invention, a fatty acid or mixture of fatty acids can be combined with one or more avermectins or related compounds to achieve synergistic control of pests.

Abstract: Avermectin aglycones are glycosylated by fermentation in a medium of a non-producing mutant of Streptomyces avermitilis MA-6078. The glycosylation produces the monosaccharide and disaccharide derivatives while leaving the remainder of the molecule intact. The microorganism glycosylates with the .alpha.-L-oleandrose moiety.

Abstract: A method of preventing, treating and/or controlling diseases caused by dysregulation and/or dysfunction of various portions of the nervous system which comprises administering to a patient, an effective amount of a compound of the avermectin family, e.g. ivermectin, in single or multiple doses of up to 1.6 mg/kg at intervals of from 3 days to 4 months.

Abstract: Avermectin analogs are disclosed wherein the 6,6-spiroketal ring system has been reduced in size to a 6,5-spiroketal ring system by the deletion of the 25-position carbon atom and the 25-alkyl substituent. This is accomplished by opening the outer spiroketal ring with the elimination of ring carbon atoms 23, 24 and 25 and the alkyl substituent at the 25-position and incorporation a new component, reclosing the spiroketal to a 5-membered ring with new substituents at the 24-position. The compounds are used as anti-parasitic insecticidal and anti-helmintic agents in humans and animals and compositions containing such compounds as the active ingredient thereof are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed derivatives of avermectin compounds wherein one or both of the 13-oleandrose saccharide groups lack the methyl group of the 3'- or 3"-methoxy. Such compounds are potent anthelmintic and antiparasitic agents.

Abstract: Avermectin analogs are prepared where the 23-position ring carbon atom is deleted and replaced by a sulfur atom. The compounds are prepared by opening the outer spiroketal ring to gain access to the 23-position atom, substituting the ring-opened compounds with a substituent containing the sulfur atom in the appropriate position and closing the ring to prepare the desired compounds. The compounds are potent anthelmintic agents and methods and compositions including such 23-nor-23-thia compounds are also disclosed.

Abstract: Kedarcidin chromophore, a non-protein chromophore isolated from kedarcidin antitumor antibiotic, is obtained from purified or partially purified kedarcidin by solvent extraction and chromatographic procedures. The chromophore is characterized and found to contain substantially all of the antitumor activity of kedarcidin.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the production and utilization of novel antibiotic compounds. These compounds are derivatives of the antibacterial agents tylosin and rosaramicin and exert a broad spectrum antibiotic activity toward several bacterial strains. Pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treating bacterial infections are described.

Abstract: There are disclosed new compounds with significant antiparasitic activity which are prepared by fermenting 13-epi-ivermectin aglycone in a novel microorganism identified as Streptomyces avermitilis MA-5542. The 13-epi-ivermectin aglycone compounds are modified by the microorganism by methylation at the 5-hydroxy position and the addition of an .alpha.-L-oleandrose at the 13-position hydroxy. The compounds are significant antiparasitic and anthelmintic agents and compositions for that use are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (1) ##STR1## wherein R represents a sugar residue or an acylated derivative thereof;R.sup.1 represents a methyl, ethyl or isopropyl group;Y.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2, Y.sup.2 is --CH-- and X represents ##STR2## [wherein R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or a group OR.sup.6 (where OR.sup.6 is a hydroxyl group or a substituted hydroxyl group having up to 25 carbon atoms) and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent >C.dbd.0, >C.dbd.CH.sub.2 or >C.dbd.NOR.sup.7 (where R.sup.7 represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-8 alkyl group or a C.sub.3-8 alkenyl group) and the group >C.dbd.NOR.sup.7 is in the E configuration] or --Y.sup.1 --X--Y.sup.2 -- represents --CH.dbd.CH--CH-- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.C--; andR.sup.4 represents a group OR.sup.6 as defined above and R.sup.5 represents a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 together with the carbon atom to which the are attached represent >C.dbd.0 or >C.

Abstract: There are disclosed avermectin derivatives which incorporate a spacer between the disaccharide and the aglycone. The synthetic spacer-containing analogs are derived from the corresponding aglycones which in turn are prepared by chemical modification of naturally occurring avermectins. The compounds are active antiparasitic agents and compositions for that use are disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (1) ##STR1## and their salts, wherein R.sup.1 is a methyl, ethyl or isopropyl group each substituted by a hydroxyl group or R.sup.1 is a group --(CH.sub.2).sub.n R7 or a group --CH(CH.sub.3)R.sup.7 (where n is zero or 1 and R.sup.7 l is CHO or CO.sub.2 H);Y.sup.1 is --CH.sub.2 --, Y.sup.2 is --CH-- and X represents ##STR2## [where R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a group OR.sup.8 is a hydroxyl group or a substituted hydroxyl group having up to 25 carbon atoms) and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent >.dbd.O, >C.dbd.CH.sub.2 or >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9 (where R.sup.9 is a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1-8 alkyl or C.sub.3-8 alkenyl group) and the group >C.dbd.NOR.sup.9 is in the E configuration] or --Y.sup.1 --X--Y.sup.2 -- represents --CH.dbd.CH--CH-- or --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.C--;R.sup.4 is a group OR.sup.8 as defined above and R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom, or R.sup.4 and R.sup.

Abstract: 3-Deoxy mycaminosyl tylonolide derivatives represented by the following general formula and salts thereof: ##STR1## wherein X represents an oxygen atom or .dbd.N--OR.sup.4 (wherein R.sup.4 represents hydrogen or lower alkyl); R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an acyl group or an alkylsilyl group; R.sup.2 represents a hydrogen atom or an acyl group; and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group. The compounds of this invention of the formula (I) are novel compounds and have excellent antibacterial activity.

Abstract: An angolamycin derivative represented by the following formula ##STR1## wherein X represents an acetyl, methanesulfonyl, methylthio, benzoyl or methoxy group. This compound is useful as a medicament such as antibacterial agent and an animal feed additive.

Abstract: The invention provides novel compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R when taken individually is H; R.sup.1 when taken individually is H or OH; R and R.sup.1 when taken together represent a double bond;R.sup.2 is an alpha-branched C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxyalkyl or alkylthioalkyl group; a C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 cycloalkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkenyl or C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 cycloalkylalkyl group, any of which may be substituted by methylene or one or more C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups or halo atoms; or a 3 to 6 membered oxygen or sulphur containing heterocyclic ring which may be substituted by one or more C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl groups or halo atoms;R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl;R.sup.4 is H or 4'-(alpha-L-oleandrosyl)-alpha-L-oleandrosyloxy with the proviso that when R.sup.2 is alkyl it is not isopropyl or sec-butyl; when R.sup.4 is H, each of R and R.sup.1 is H, and R.sup.2 is not methyl or ethyl; and when R.sup.4 is H, R is H, R.sup.1 is OH, and R.sup.

Abstract: Non-natural demethylavermectins useful as parasiticides and process therefor.

Abstract: Incubation of 13-deoxy ivermectin aglycone with a species of B. subtilis and of S. griseus results in the production of 13-.beta. ivermectin monoglucopyranoside as the major product and of 5-.beta. ivermectin monoglucopyranoside as the minor product.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel avermectin derivatives wherein the outer oleandrose ring of avermectin or avermectin monosaccharide is homologated by addition of diazomethane to 4"- or 4'-oxo-avermectin to afford the perhydrooxepine derivatives. The homologated avermectins can then be further derivatized to afford additional novel avermectins. The new compounds are potent antiparasitic agents, in particular, the compounds are anthelmintic, insecticidal and acaricidal agents.

Abstract: Antiparasitic compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## The broken line at the 22-23 position representing an optional double bond and either R.sup.1 is H or OH and the double bond is absent or the double bond is present and R.sup.1 is absent; R.sup.2 is optionally substituted phenyl, or a group of formula (II): ##STR2## wherein X is O, S or --CH.sub.2 13 , abc and d are 0-2 and a+b+c+d.ltoreq.5R.sup.3 is H or MeR.sup.4 is H, OH or 4'-(alpha-L-oleandrosyl)-alpha-L-oleandrosyloxy.The compounds are prepared by fermentation of Streptomyces avermitilis in the presence of an N-alkanoyl cysteamine thioester containing R.sup.2.

Abstract: There are disclosed avermectin derivatives in which position 13 of the avermectins has been inverted from the normal (alpha) stereoschemistry to the epimeric 13-beta stereochemistry. The synthetic 13-epi analogs are derived from the corresponding aglycones which in turn are prepared by chemical modification of naturally occurring avermectins. The compounds are active antiparasitic agents and compositions for that use are disclosed.

Abstract: All trans or 13-cis retinoic acid esters of macrolide and lincosamide antibiotics. These esters are useful in the therapeutic and cosmetic treatment of dermatosis and principally in the treatment of acne.

Abstract: A represents:a CH.sub.2 OH group, and in this case B represents a lower acyl group,a (CH.sub.2).sub.n CN group,a (CH.sub.2).sub.n CHO group,or a (CH.sub.2).sub.(n+1) OH groupin which n is an integer between 1 and 6, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 being defined in the description. The macrolide compounds are useful as antibacterial agents.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula: ##STR1## where A, B, G, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and are defined in the description.Medicinal products comprising a compound of the invention and useful in the treatment of bacterial infections are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel avermectin derivatives wherein the outer oleandrose ring of avermectin or avermectin monosaccharide is homologated by addition of diazomethane to 4"- or 4'-oxo-avermectin to afford the oleandrose 4"- or 4'-spiro-epoxide. The homologated avermectins can then be further derivatized to afford additional novel avermectins. The new compounds are potent antiparasitic agents, in particular, the compounds are anthelmintic, insecticidal and acaricidal agents.

Abstract: 9-Dihydro-9-O-alkyldesmycosin derivatives and their salts are disclosed. The 9-dihydro-9-O-alkyldesmycosin derivatives are represented by the following formula (I), ##STR1## --wherein X represents an --O-- mycinose or a di-lower alkylamino group, R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen atom or a lower alkanoyl group, R.sup.2 represents a lower alkyl group, a cycloalkyl-lower group, or phenyl-lower alkyl group which may have a substituent, and R.sup.3 represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group. The compounds and the salts are useful as an antimicrobial agent. Unlike known desmycosin derivatives, the compounds give a high blood concentration by oral administration.

Abstract: Novel avermectin derivatives are disclosed, wherein the 4"-hydroxy group is replaced by a substituted acylamino or benzoylamino group. These avermectin derivatives can be further derivatized at the 5- and 23-positions as ketoximes or O-substituted ketoximes. The 4"-substituted avermectin derivatives are prepared by the acylation of the known 4"-aminoavermectins with acylating reagents. The new compounds are potent anti-parasitic agents, in particular, the compounds are anthelmintic, insecticidal and acaricidal agents.

Abstract: Derivatives of tylosin and 10,11,12,13-tetrahydro tylosin of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R stands for CHO, CH.sub.2 OH, CH.dbd.NOH or CH(OCH.sub.3).sub.2,R.sup.1 stands for H,R.sup.2 stands for OH orR.sup.1 +R.sup.2 stand for .dbd.O or .dbd.NOH,R.sup.3 stands for a mycarosyl group or a hydrogen atom, andstands for a single or a double bond;methods for the manufacture thereof; their use as antimicrobial agents and processes for the preparation of the latter.

Abstract: Novel avermectin derivatives are disclosed, wherein the 5-hydroxy group is replaced by an oxime group. The avermectin-5-oximes can further be derivatized at the 4"- or 4'-positions as amino, substituted amino, acylhydrazone, semicarbazone, or substituted semicarbazone analogues. The avermectin-5-oximes are prepared by the oxidation of the 5-hydroxy compounds with manganese dioxide or with pyridinium dichromate to the known 5-oxo analogues, and these are then reacted with a hydroxylamine salt. The new compounds are potent anti-parasitic agents, in particular, the compounds are anthelmintic, insecticidal and acaricidal agents.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel avermectin compounds having a cleaved furan ring and a hydroxy group in the 8a position. Processes for preparing these novel compounds are also disclosed. These compounds have utility as anti-parasitic agents and as insecticides against agricultural pests.

Abstract: Aromatic esters of macrolidic and lincosamidic antibiotics are employed in the treatment of acne.

Abstract: Unsaturated cycloaliphatic esters of macrolidic and lincosamidic antibiotics are employed in the treatment of acne.

Abstract: Polycyclic aromatic esters of macrolidic and lincosamidic antibiotics are employed in the treatment of acne.

Abstract: Esters of the etretinic type or related to macrolides and lincosamides are employed in the treatment of acne and psoriasis.

Abstract: Diaromatic esters of macrolidic and lincosamidic antibiotics are employed in the treatment of acne.

Abstract: Polyaromatic esters of macrolidic and lincosamidic antibiotics are employed in the treatment of acne.

Abstract: Broad spectrum antiparasitic agents of formula (I) having utility as anthelmintics, ectoparasiticides, insecticides, acaricides and animal growth promotants ##STR1## wherein Y is a single bond or a double bond; R.sup.1 is OH; provided that when Y is a single bond R.sup.1 is present and when Y is a double bond R.sup.1 is absent; R.sup.2 is .dbd.CH.sub.2 or a group of the formula --(X)--C(R.sup.5).dbd.CHR.sup.6 ; R.sup.3 is H or CH.sub.3 ; R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are both H; R.sup.5 is H and R.sup.6 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 alkyl; or one of R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 is H and the other is C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkoxycarbonyl, phenyl, substituted phenyl, heteroaryl or substituted heteroaryl; and X is a direct bond or an alkylene group having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms which may be straight or branched-chain; with the proviso that R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are not both hydrogen when X is --CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 --; processes and intermediates therefor, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the macrolide antibiotic swalpamycin, to a microbiological process for its preparation, to a new microorganism strain Streptomyces species, and to the use of swalpamycin as a medicinal agent for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria, mycoplasmas and Actinomycetes.

Abstract: 3-O-Glycosyl derivatives of 16-membered macrolides such as O-.alpha.-L-cladinosyl-(1.fwdarw.3)-12,13-dehydro-12,13-deoxorosaramicin, 2", 4",4'"-tri-O-acetyl-O-(4'-O-phenoxyacetyl-.alpha.-L-cladinosyl)-(1.fwdarw. 3)-desmyconsin and pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof useful as antibacterials are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula ##STR1## in which A is a ##STR2## group wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or an OH-protecting group, and R.sub.11 is hydrogen, an OH-protecting group, or an alkyl, cycloalkyl or acyl group,R.sub.2 is methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, sec.-butyl or a --C(CH.sub.3).dbd.CH--E group wherein E is methyl, ethyl or isopropyl,R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 together represent a bond between the two carbon atoms to which they are bonded, or together represent a --C(X')(Z')-- group wherein X' and Z' each represents, independently of the other, hydrogen or halogen, andX and Z each represents, independently of the other, hydrogen or halogen,the preparation of the novel compounds and the use thereof for controlling parasites of productive livestock and for controlling harmful insects.

Abstract: Derivatives of milbemycins D, A.sub.3 and A.sub.4 and of the corresponding sec-butyl compound have a halogen atom at the 13-position; at the 5-position, they have an oxygen (keto) atom, an oxime group or a substituted oxime group. They may be prepared from known compounds by any appropriate combination of halogenation, ketonization and oximation.

Abstract: Mycaminosyl tylonolide derivatives represented by the following general formula ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 denotes hydroxyl group, a lower alkanoyloxy group, benzyloxy group, azido group, or amino group which may optionally be substituted with a lower alkyl or a lower alkanoyl radical; R.sup.2 stands for hydrogen atom or hydroxyl group; R.sup.3 expresses hydrogen atom or formyl group; and means a double bond or a radical represented by ##STR2## and salts thereof.

Abstract: New 4'"-O-modified-20-modified tylosin and 4"-O-modified-20-modified-desmycosin and 4'-deoxydesmycosin derivatives of formula 1 have significant oral antibacterial activity. Compositions containing and methods of using these compounds are also provided.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula: ##STR1## in which: A denotes either an oxygen atom, or a group of the formula N O-Y-R.sub.5,, B, X, Y, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.8, R.sub.9and R.sub.10 being defined in the description.Medicinal products containing the same, and their use in broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy for the treatment of infections.

Abstract: A method for improving the growth rate, feed conversion efficiency and/or the ratio of carcass lean to carcass fat of domestic animals comprising the administration to said animals of salbutamol or an acid addition salt thereof in combination with an antimicrobial agent.