Abstract: The invention relates to noncorrosive, aqueous emulsions containing an organopolysiloxane and an emulsifier selected from a compound of the general formula ##STR1## a compound of the formula ##STR2## or mixtures thereof in which R is an aliphatic, saturated or unsaturated alkylcarbonyl radical of a carboxylic acid having from 5 to 30 carbon atoms or a saturated or unsaturated alkylphenylcarbonyl radical, where the alkyl group has from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, R.sup.1 is a hydrogen or a methyl radical, R.sup.2.sym. is an alkali metal cation or an ammonium ion of the general formulaH.sub.4-n N.sup..sym. R.sub.n.sup.3,where R.sup.3, which is the same or different, is an hydroxylated alkyl radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a radical of the general formula --(C.sub.y H.sub.2y O).sub.x H, where x is an integer of from 1 to 10, y is 2 or 3 and n may be 0, 1, 2 or 3, R.sup.4 is an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal cation which forms a salt with the carboxyl group, R.sup.

Abstract: Novel anionic polymeric hydrogels based on sulfonated amino aldehyde resins and a process for preparing such hydrogels are described. The hydrogels may include poly(N-vinyl 2-pyrrolidone) and other additives. Such hydrogels may be prepared by a four step process in which melamine and/or urea are reacted with formaldehyde, sulfonated, condensed to form a viscous gel and dried.

Abstract: Provided herein is a composite material which comprises a polyamide-containing resin, a layered silicate dispersed therein, and a substance such as polyamine which controls the crystalline structure or molecular structure of the resin. The composite material has improved mechanical strength and toughness and high clarity or transparency.

Abstract: A process for preparing a self-crosslinkable aminosiloxane emulsion, comprising:dispersing by emulsification in water in the presence of a cationic surface active agent and a nonionic surface active agent:(A) a specific organosilicon compound that may have a hydroxyl group and/or an alkoxy group;(B) a specific organosilicon compound having a nitrogen-containing monovalent hydrocarbon group; and(C) a specific organosilane having a hydroxyl group and/or an alkoxy group, and or a partial hydrolysis-condensation product thereof;subsequently carrying out emulsion polymerization in the presence of an alkaline catalyst; andthereafter neutralizing the reaction product.The resulting emulsion is useful as softening agents, smoothing agents or feeling improver for all sorts of textiles, and binders between fibers.

Abstract: A coating composition comprising a substantially water-free dispersion of colloidal silica, a polyacryloyl monomer, and a free radical initiator.

Abstract: Certain bissilyl ureas have been found useful as adhesion promoters for silicone latex compositions. Self-bonding silicone elastomers are provided which exhibit enhanced adhesion to a variety of substrates.

Abstract: A polyurethane system especially adapted for surge suppression comprising the reaction product of:A1. Castor oil2. A molecular sieve having the composition M.sup.1.sub.12 (Al O.sub.2).sub.12 (Si O.sub.2).sub.12, wherein M.sup.1 is an alkali cation3. Polydimethyl siloxane4. Hindered phenol antioxidant5. Tetraisopropyl diphenyl carbodiimide6. 10, 10.sup.1 -oxybisphenoxarsine7. Alumina trihydrate andB8. 4, 4.sup.1 diphenylmethane diisocyanate;the system having a Shore hardness of 80 to 90.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of optionally cellular, polyurethane elastomer moldings or optionally cellular, rigid structural polyurethanes by reacting a reaction mixture containing(i) a polyisocyanate,(ii) a high molecular weight polymer having at least two hydroxy groups and having a molecular weight of 400 to about 10,000,(iii) about 5 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of component (ii) of a chain-extender having at least two hydroxy groups and(iv) about 0.05 to 10 weight percent, based on the weight of components (ii) and (iii) of a salt based on a carboxy functional siloxane and an amidine group-containing compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: A composition useful for molding into articles such as food containers, soft drink bottles, cured structural plastics and the like, comprising molding grade linear or unsaturated polyester or polycarbonate having reacted or copolymerized therein the residue of one or a mixture of methine reactants of the formula ##STR1## whereinR.sup.1 is an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical;A is an unsubstituted or substituted 1,4-phenylene radical;R.sup.2 is hydrogen or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical;R.sup.3 is cyano, ##STR2## or an unsubstituted or substituted carbamoyl, alkanoyl, aroyl, alkylsulfonyl, arylsulfonyl, aryl or aromatic heterocyclic radicals. The methine residues are present in the polymer as an integral part of the polymer chain and absorb ultraviolet radiation in the range of about 250 to about 390 nm. The residues are non-extractable from the polymer and stable at the conditions at which the polymers are manufactured and processed.

Abstract: Low viscosity polymer polyols having high styrene/acrylonitrile ratios and good stability may be achieved by the use of a base polyol having a molecular weight higher than 4000, for example, from 4000 to 6500 and a high molecular weight (HMW) dispersant. The dispersant polyol may range from 1 to 20 wt. %, but may be less than 5 wt. % of the total polyol component of the polymer polyol. The HMW dispersant should have a molecular weight higher than about 6000. Preferably, a semi-batch reactor is used, and a relatively high concentration of the HMW dispersant is initially charged to the reactor, relative to the portion of base polyol. Monomer ratios of styrene to acrylonitrile of 85/15 may be achieved with this method.

Abstract: Low viscosity polymer polyol polyols having high styrene/acrylonitrile ratios and good stability may be achieved by the use of a high molecular weight (HMW) dispersant polyol comprising less than 5 wt. % of the total polyol component of the polymer polyol. The HMW dispersant should have a molecular weight higher than about 6000. Preferably, a semi-batch reactor is used, and a relatively high concentration of the HMW dispersant is initially charged to the reactor, relative to the portion of base polyol, which has a molecular weight of less than 4000.

Abstract: Polymer/polyol compositions, obtained by polymerizing one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers in situ in a blend of a polyether polyol and a polyamine, are of suitably high reactivity. The polymer/polyol compositions provide, by reaction with a polyisocyanate, polyurethanes having improved moldability and physical properties along with self-mold-release characteristics, and are particularly suitable for producing polyurethane by RIM process.

Abstract: Curable silicone caulking compositions are provided, employing an ionically polymerized silicone emulsion, a tetrafunctional organosilane, a tin condensation catalyst, calcium carbonate and tetramethylbutylguanidine, as a shelf stabilizer.

Abstract: Provided herein is a process for producing a composite material composed of a polymer and the layered silicate constituting the clay mineral being connected to the polymer through ionic bonding. The process comprises contacting a layered clay mineral with a swelling agent in the presence of a dispersion medium, thereby forming a complex, mixing said complex containing said dispersion medium with a monomer, and polymerizing said monomer contained in said mixture. The process permits the economical and efficient production of a composite material in which the layered silicate is uniformly dispersed.

Abstract: A composition useful for molding into articles such as food containers, soft drink bottles, cured structural plastics and the like, comprising molding grade linear or unsaturated polyester or polycarbonate having reacted or copolymerized therein the residue of one or a mixture of styrylbenzazole reactants of the formula: ##STR1## wherein A is the residue of a benzene ring of a benzoxazole, benzothiazole or benzionidazole radical; X is --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sup.2)--; Ph is a phenylene radical; and R.sup.1 is halogen or --Y--R.sup.2 in which Y is --O-- or --N(R.sup.2)-- and each R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkenyl or an unsubstituted or substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical.

Abstract: Small amounts, typically from about 0.001 to about 0.05 percent by weight, of certain aliphatic and cycloaliphatic mono-, di- and triamines have been shown to retard the heat-induced discoloration to materials prepared by curing unfilled organosiloxane compositions comprising a specified class of vinyl-substituted polyorganosiloxanes, an organohydrogensiloxane and a platinum-containing hydrosilation catalyst. Preferred amines will also function as platinum catalyst inhibitors, and impart long term storage stability to these curable organosiloxane compositions when packaged in a single container.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of optionally cellular, polyurethane elastomer moldings or optionally cellular, rigid structural polyurethanes by reacting a reaction mixture containing(i) a polyisocyanate,(ii) a high molecular weight polymer having at least two hydroxy groups and having a molecular weight of 400 to about 10,000,(iii) about 5 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of component (ii) of a chain-extender having at least two hydroxy groups and(iv) about 0.05 to 10 weight percent, based on the weight of components (ii) and (iii) of a salt based on a carboxy functional siloxane and an amidine group-containing compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: Compositions yielding optically clear silicone elastomers are obtained by preparing a homogeneous mixture comprising a liquid polydiorganosiloxane containing at least two vinyl or other ethylenically unsaturated radicals per molecule and a finely divided silica filler treated with a hexaorganodisilazane and then adding additional hexaorganodisilazane in an amount equal to at least 5 percent of filler weight. The blending is preferably carried out using a high rate of shear and volatile materials are removed by heating the composition under reduced pressure.

Abstract: A silicone composition curable to a heat stabilized silicone elastomer comprising at least one polyorganosiloxane having the formula: ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl having less than 19 carbon atoms, each of A and D may be any of methyl, hydroxy or vinyl groups,0<(m/n).ltoreq.1 and m+n>350,a complex comprising a transition metal salt of at least one polydentate chelating ligand having the formula: ##STR2## where each R.sub.1 may be an alkyl biradical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aryl biradical having less than 19 carbon, atoms R'.sub.1, is an X' substituted R.sub.1, each of Z and E may be any of carboxy thiocarboxy, dithiocarboxy, or --N(R.sub.2).sub.2, --A.sub.s (R.sub.2).sub.2, --S(R.sub.2) where each R.sub.2 may be any of hydrogen or an alkyl radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or any aryl radical having less than 19 carbon atoms, X' may be any of hydrogen, carboxy, thiocarboxy, dithiocarboxy, --N(R.sub.2).sub.2, --A.sub.s (R.sub.2).sub.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel polymer/polyisocyanate compositions. The compositions are prepared by the in-situ polymerization of at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an organic polyisocyanate and in the presence of an adduct formed from the reaction of an excess of a carbodiimide-free polyisocyanate and a hydroxyl containing ethylenically unsaturated monomer.The graft polyisocyanates find particular utility in the making of molded polyurethane resins.

Abstract: A stable anionic acrylic latex is prepared by first preparing a cationic acrylic latex by free radical polymerization of a mixture of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, at least one of which contains a carboxylic acid group, in an aqueous acidic medium and in the presence of an externally added cationic surfactant, and then adding a base to said cationic acrylic latex in an amount sufficient to form an anionic acrylic latex having a pH of about 7 or higher.

Abstract: Disclosed are internal mold release agents for the preparation of molded articles using polyisocyanate addition polymerization, which are comprised of:(A) at least one ketimine, aldimine, enamine, cyclic Schiff base or a mixture of at least two of said compounds;(B) at least one metal salt of an organic carboxylic acid having from 8 to 24 carbon atoms; and(C) optionally including at least one carboxylic acid, organic sulphonic acid, mineral acid, or amidosulphonic acid, and their use in preparing molded articles comprised of polyurethane-plastics, polyurea-plastics, polyurethane-polyurea-plastics, polyurethane-polyurea-polyamide-plastics, or polyurea-polyamide-plastics.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the production of optionally cellular, polyurethane elastomer moldings or optionally cellular, rigid structural polyurethanes by reacting a reaction mixture containing(i) a polyisocyanate,(ii) a high molecular weight polymer having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups and having a molecular weight of 400 to about 10,000,(iii) about 5 to 50% by weight, based on the weight of component (ii) of a chain-extender having at least two isocyanate-reactive groups and(iv) about 0.05 to 10 weight percent, based on the weight of components (ii) and (iii) of a salt based on a carboxy functional siloxane and an amidine group-containing compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of finely divided solid polyisocyanates containing urea groups by reacting organic polyisocyanates which are free from urea groups with water in an aqueous emulsion, characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of an emulsion- and dispersion-stabilizing compound.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a mold release composition which is a solution, liquid at room temperature, of(A) at least one zinc salt of a straight chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carboxylic acid containing 8 to 24 carbon atoms in(B) at least one organic compound containing nitrogen which is liquid at room temperature, the solution containing the zinc salt in a quantity of about 10 to 75% by weight, based on the total weight of the composition.The present invention is additionally directed to an isocyanate reactive mixture containing isocyanate reactive compounds and the above described mold release composition. The present invention is further directed to a process for the preparation of molded products based on the above mixture and to the molded products obtained according to this process.

Abstract: A microgel dispersion characterized by that an oil-soluble surface active agent is adsorbed or adhered onto a gel consisting of a fine particle substance and a polymer, and said gel is dispersed in a non-aqueous organic solvent.

Abstract: Polyurethanes are prepared from a polyol which itselve contains liquid crystalline moieties or which contains dispersed or dissolved liquid crystalline polymers. The use of this polyol is found to provide improved properties to polyurethanes, especially flexible polyurethane foams, which exhibit improved load bearing.

Abstract: Process for producing molded polyurethane parts using as internal release agents, compounds of the general formula ##STR1## in amounts of 0.5 to 10 weight percent, based on the reaction formulation, in which at least one R.sup.2 radical in the average molecule represents ##STR2## R.sup.3 is a divalent hydrocarbon radical with 2 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sup.4, R.sup.5 are univalent hydrocarbon radicals or together are part of a morpholine or a piperazine ring. The molded polyurethane parts can be removed from the mold using significantly lower tensional forces without residues being built up on the mold.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cold setting compositions of (A) suspensions of solid polyisocyanates with retarded reactivity in aliphatic polyamines, and which are stable under storage due to a polyadduct covering, and (B) polyols and/or water. The activation of the composition is caused by the polyol or water. Additional activating materials can also be added for hardening. Such compositions, which already harden at ambient temperature, are stable under storage, have a long potlife for processing and, in relation to the potlife, have a very short hardening time to the final reaction product.

Abstract: Unsaturated oligomers and solutions thereof are stabilized with a trisubstituted urea to provide improved storage stability. The stabilized unsaturated oligomer solutions are useful in lactam polymerization processes which yield nylon block copolymers containing unsaturated oligomer segments. The unsaturated oligomers disclosed herein have at least 4 carbons and have pendant thereto at least one hydroxy, amine, epoxy, acyllactam, or acyllactam precursor group.

Abstract: Unsaturated oligomers and solutions thereof are stabilized with a trisubstituted urea to provide improved storage stability. The stabilized unsaturated oligomer solutions are useful in lactam polymerization processes which yield nylon block copolymers containing unsaturated oligomer segments. The unsaturated oligomers disclosed herein have at least 4 carbons and have pendant thereto at least one hydroxy, amine, epoxy, acyllactam, or acyllactam precursor group.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a stable dispersion of a polyurea and/or a polyhydrazodicarbonamide in a relatively high molecular weight hydroxyl-group containing material, which dispersion has a solids content of from 5 to 50 percent by weight and which is obtained by reacting(a) an organic di- and/or polyisocyanate with(b) an amine-functional material comprising an addition product of(1) acrylonitrile and(2) a member selected from the group consisting of(i) hydrazine,(ii) aliphatic di- or polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups,(iii) cycloaliphatic di- or polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups,(iv) araliphatic di- or polyamines containing at least two primary amino groups, and(v) mixtures thereof,the ratio of (1) to (2) being at least one mol of (1) per mol of (2) and at most one mol of (1) for each nitrogen atom contained in (2) per mol of (2),the reaction of component (a) and component (b) being conducted at a temperature of from 30.degree. to 170.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed are aqueous polyacrylate dispersions having improved rheological and stability characteristics prepared by the emulsion polymerization of acrylic esters, methacrylic esters and mixtures thereof in the presence of at least one protective colloid, wherein the improvement comprises conducting the polymerization in the presence of, by weight of the total monomer content, from about 0.1 to 5% of at least one substantially completely water-soluble monomer having conjugated unsaturation. The resultant aqueous polyacrylate dispersions are useful in the manufacture of latex paints, binders for nonwoven materials, water-based inks, paper coatings and water-borne adhesives, such as pressure-sensitive adhesives.

Abstract: Stable dispersions of poly(para-methylstyrene), poly(vinyltoluene) and other substituted styrenes can be made in polyether polyols and thereafter formed into polyurethanes. The polymer/polyols made from substituted styrenes have low viscosity and good particle size and distribution.

Abstract: A process for producing a styrene-base resin having improved moldability and a good hue by continuously adding a specific higher fatty acid amide in a dissolved or molten state, and/or a mixture of a specific higher fatty acid amide and a specific metallic soap in a molten state, to a styrene-base resin in the course of its production by continuous bulk or solution polymerization. The above process is particularly effective for rubber-modified styrene-acrylonitrile resins.

Abstract: Siloxane fluid blends containing a thiofunctional polysiloxane fluid and an organopolysiloxane fluid are stabilized against degradation in the presence of kaolin clays at elevated temperatures by adding an amine containing compound to blends of siloxane fluids.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing a sticky water-soluble polymer, e.g. acrylamide polymers and acrylic acid polymers, which comprises polymerizing an aqueous solution of a monomer in a polymerization vessel of which the surface contacting the aqueous monomer solution is covered with a tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film, whereby the stickiness of the produced polymer to the vessel is remarkably decreased, namely the peelability of the polymer from the vessel is remarkably improved, and moreover the polymerization conversion is remarkably improved. Also, the use of a metal deposited tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer film as a covering material improves the efficiency of a photopolymerization and enables to use a polymerization vessel made of an inexpensive material.

Abstract: Thiofunctional polysiloxane fluids are stabilized against degradation in the presence of kaolin clay by adding an amine containing compound to the thiofunctional polysiloxane fluids.

Abstract: A method of imparting internal mold release properties to reaction injection molding polyurethane compositions by the addition of a perfluoroalkylorganocarboxylic acid or a salt thereof. This invention also relates to the production of novel perfluoroalkylorganodibutyltindioxide compounds which are inherently catalytic and can also impart the property of internal mold releasability to RIM compositions.

Abstract: An improvement is disclosed in a process for conducting PTFE dispersion polymerization, comprising use of tertiary perfluorinated compounds as rate enhancing additives.

Abstract: A fatigue crack growth retardant material for application to aluminum and alloys thereof utilizes certain organic nitrogen compounds and an elastomeric polymer compatible herewith with respect to the curing properties thereof as well as the ultimate properties of the material and capable of stabilizing the nitrogen compound so as to inhibit the evaporation thereof to the atmosphere. The material inhibits corrosion of and retards crack growth in aluminum and alloys thereof when applied thereto. The material has particular utility when applied to the surfaces of structural parts of aircraft and is utilized as a protective coating as well as a sealant, dependent upon the amount of solvent added to the polymeric elastomer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of optionally branched polyarylene sulfides by reacting dihalogen benzenes in admixture with aromatic polyhalogen compounds and alkali sulfides in polar solvents, the reaction being carried out in the presence of reducing agents.

Abstract: Described is a method of producing silicone aqueous emulsion compositions which cure at room temperature by the removal of water to form elastomeric coatings or films with superior surface gloss, good adhesion to substrates, and rustproofness. The method prepares an emulsion of polydiorganosiloxane having at least two hydroxyl groups per molecule, colloidal silica or alkali metal silicate, curing catalyst, emulsifier, and water, the emulsion having a pH of from 9 to 12. After a period of ripening for a period of time, so that an elastomeric material will be formed when water is removed at room temperature, an amino-functional silane or its partial hydrolyzate is added to give the emulsion its improved properties.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyzed interfacial polycondensation aromatic polycarbonate process which comprises forming an agitated two-phase mixture comprising an organic solvent phase with catalyst and an aqueous phase containing an aromatic dihydroxy compound, a base and an ionic surfactant. A carbonyl halide is added to the mixture and reacted with the aromatic dihydroxy compound to form an aromatic polycarbonate. The aromatic polycarbonate is recovered from the aqueous phase.

Abstract: An overcoat composition for use in ion-selective electrodes comprises: (a) a discontinuous liquid phase comprising an oleophilic solvent dispersed within a continuous phase comprising a hydrophilic binder; (b) a complexing agent useful for extracting oleophilic anions; (c) a buffer which provides a pH in the range of from about 7.5 to about 9.5 under conditions of use; and (d) a nucleating agent. This overcoat composition is particularly useful in ion-selective electrodes for determination of CO.sub.2.

Abstract: A process for obtaining aromatic sulfide polymer which has a markedly high molecular weight and can be readily formed into films, fibers, and other structures. The process comprises heating, in an aprotic solvent to a temperature of 100.degree. to 250.degree. C., (i) a dihaloaromatic compound and (ii) substantially anhydrous fine powder of the sulfide of an alkali or alkaline earth metal in the presence of (iii) substantially anhydrous fine powder of the carbonate of an alkali or alkaline earth metal, or of a mixture thereof with a hygroscopic inorganic salt and (iv) a strictly controlled very small amount of water dissolved in or solvated with the solvent.

Abstract: An improved paint composition comprises an aqueous dispersion of a water insoluble addition polymer formed substantially of monomers selected from the class consisting of styrene, acrylates, methacrylates, vinyl esters, and vinyl chloride; at least one anionic or non-ionic emulsifier; at least one polyoxyethylene-chain-containing compound with between 60 and 400 oxyethylene units; and a minor amount of at least one alkali-soluble addition polymer. The emulsifier may itself be a polyoxyethylene-chain-containing compound. The unsaturated monomers comprising the water insoluble addition polymer include at least one monomer containing a phosphoric acid, sulphonic acid, or carboxylic acid group or a group functioning as an emulsifier.

Abstract: A methacrylic resin capable of selectively absorbing light rays having a wavelength of 580 nm is advantageously produced either by dispersing or dissolving neodymium compound in a resin-forming starting material selected from monomeric methyl methacrylate, a monomer mixture composed mainly of methyl methacrylate and partially polymerized products thereof, and polymerizing the resin-forming starting material. A solvent capable of dissolving therein the resin-forming starting material and the neodymium compound may be incorporated in the resin-forming starting material.

Abstract: The oxidation promoting harmful effects of the presence of an alkaline catalyst in a polyoxyalkylene can be eliminated and the product made more resistant to oxidation especially at elevated temperatures by the incorporation therein of soluble salts of certain benzoic acid derivatives. The soluble salts can be formed by reaction with the alkali or alkaline earth metal ion derived from the alkaline catalyst utilized in the polymerization of the polyoxyalkylene.

Abstract: A process is described for the two-stage mass polymerization of vinyl chloride, in which 0.1 to 3% by weight, relative to the monomer employed, of one or more of the following compounds which are known as heat stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride: monoalkyltin-IV or dialkyltin-IV compounds in which the residual valencies of the tin are attached to organic radicals via sulfur atoms, and/or aminocrotonic acid esters, are added to the polymerization mixture when a conversion of 65 to 85% has been reached. After thorough removal of the unreacted vinyl chloride from the resulting polymer, preferably at temperatures above the glass transition point of the polymer, products are obtained which have an improved color in comparison with polyvinyl chloride produced by conventional mass polymerization.