Abstract: There are disclosed novel, solid, elastomeric block copolymers having excellent oxidative and thermal stability, wherein the terminal blocks are each a polymer (D polymer) of at least one conjugated diene D, which is a hydrocarbon containing a 1,3-conjugated diene structure wherein the 2 and 3 carbon atoms are each additionally bonded to a hydrocarbyl side group, e.g., 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, with a preponderance of polymerized D units being 1,4 units; and at least one interior block is a hydrogenated polymer (I polymer) of at least one conjugated diene I which is a hydrocarbon containing a 1,3-conjugated diene structure wherein one of the 2- and 3-carbon atoms is additionally bonded to a hydrocarbyl side group and the other is additionally bonded to a hydrogen atom, e.g. isoprene.

Abstract: Multiple sequential chemical reactions on a polymeric feedstock are carried out in an extruder with multiple reaction zones. Each reaction zone has means for introduction of reagents, for mixing of reagents with polymer and for removal of by/co-products or unreacted reagents.

Abstract: An anhydride-functional polymer is obtained by at least partially hydrogenating an unsaturated polymer which was obtained by reacting under ene reaction conditions:(i) an unsaturated anhydride having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to about 6 carbons, or alkoxy of 1 to about 6 carbons, or a halogen; and(ii) at least one polyolefin having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds in the polyolefin backbone and having an average of at least three carbon atoms in the polyolefin backbone between the carbon-carbon double bonds.

Abstract: An anhydride-functional polymer obtained by reacting under graft copolymerization reaction conditions,(A) an unsaturated polymer which was obtained by reacting under ene reaction conditions a mixture of reactants comprising:(i) an unsaturated anhydride having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to about 6 carbons, or alkoxy of 1 to about 6 carbons, or a halogen; and(ii) at least one polyolefin having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds in the polyolefin backbone and having an average of at least three carbon atoms in the polyolefin backbone between the carbon-carbon double bonds; and(B) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which is copolymerizable with the unsaturated polymer.

Abstract: Disclosed are copolymers of ethylene and alkyl acrylate monomers and methods of making those copolymers. Said copolymers exhibit increased melt-point temperatures and decreased hardness over similar conventional copolymers.

Abstract: Dispersant-viscosity improvers for lubricating oil compositions comprise the reaction product of reactants comprising(a) an oil soluble ethylene-alpha olefin copolymer wherein the alpha olefin is selected from the group consisting of C.sub.3-28 alpha olefins, said polymer having a number average molecular weight ranging from about 30,000 to about 300,000 grafted with an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or functional derivative thereof;(b-1) at least one polyester containing at least one condensable hydroxyl group; and(b-2) at least one polyamine having at least one condensable primary or secondary amino group, and optionally further comprising (c) at least one hydrocarbyl substituted carboxylic acid or anhydride.

Abstract: Carboxyl-containing isobutene copolymers are obtainablea) by cationic polymerization of a mixture of from 1 to 99 mol % of isobutene and from 99 to 1 mol % of a 2-methylalk-1-ene at less than 20.degree. C. in the presence of a halogen-containing Lewis acid andb) subsequent grafting of the isobutene copolymer obtainable in this manner with an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative at above 100.degree. C. and in the presence of a free radical initiator.Such carboxyl-containing isobutene copolymers are particularly suitable as adhesive raw materials or as sealing compounds.

Abstract: Copolymers crosslinkable by a free radical method are prepared by polymer-analogous reaction ofA) a copolymer (A) which is composed ofa1) from 20 to 85 mol % of a monomer (a1) having the structural element of methacrylic acid anda2) from 15 to 80 mol % of another monomer (a2) which undergoes free radical polymerization,a3) from 5 to 50 mol % of the total amount of the monomers (a1) and (a2) being monomers (a3) which carry functional groups and whose functional groups are capable of undergoing a condensation or addition reaction,withB) an olefinically unsaturated monomer (B) which carries a functional group which is complementary to that of the monomers (a3),by a process in which the polymer-analogous reaction is carried out at from 90.degree. to 150.degree. C. in an average residence time of from 3 to 20 minutes in highly concentrated solution or in the absence of a solvent. Said copolymers are used as binders for powder coatings.

Abstract: A process for preparation of modified polyolefin particles which comprises contacting and reacting(A) 100 wt. parts of polyolefin particles with(B) 0.01 to 50 wt. parts of at least one ethylenic unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of carboxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds or their carboxylic anhydrides or their carboxylic acid derivatives, hydroxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, amino-group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, and glycidyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds,in the presence of(C) more than 10 wt. parts to not more than 50 wt. parts of a medium of a liquid state at ordinary temperature whose solubility in water at 20.degree. C. is 0.5 wt. % or less and which is capable of swelling the polyolefin, and(D) 0.01 to 10 wt. parts of a radical initiator; andmodified polyolefin particles prepared by the aforesaid process.

Abstract: A flowable uncured adhesive elastomeric composition suitable for delivery to assembly sites by pumping through supply lines is provided, which has a tensile strength suitable for formation of a strong bond, comprising: (a) an elastomer having a viscosity higher than flowable; (b) a synthetic resin curable by the same cure system as said non-flowable elastomer in an amount sufficient to lower the viscosity of the mixture to a pumpable level; (c) an unsaturated polymeric adduct of a dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid derivative in an amount sufficient to provide adhesive properties to the mixture; and (d) a curing agent. Preferably the composition also comprises a crosslink-enhancing coagent in an amount sufficient to lower percent elongation and increase adhesive bond strength of the cured elastomer. The compositions are useful for bonding substrates such as other elastomers, metals, plastics, glass, fibers, paper and fabrics.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making substituted acylating agents by the reaction of an enophile containing at least one carboxyl group with a polyolefin selected from polypropylene and poly(iso)butene. To the reaction mixture is added an at least (a)one olefin of the formula (R)(R.sup.1).C.dbd.C.(R.sup.2)(R.sup.3) wherein at least one of R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 is hydrogen and at least one of the other three is (i) an alkyl group having at least 3 carbon atoms or (ii) at least one of R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 together with R.sup.1 forms a cycloaliphatic ring such that the olefin has at least 5 carbon atoms in a linear hydrocarbyl chain, or, (b) one adduct of said olefin of formula (I) with the reactant enophile. The products of the reaction have a substantially reduced amount of resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous process for producing an adducted derivatized EPM or EPDM oil solution in which a grafted ethylene polymer is adducted with an antioxidant diamine for formation of an adduct during holding.

Abstract: A photoreactive binder that may be used to enhance photospeed in either conventional plates or on-press developable lithographic printing plates. Briefly, a polymer of m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate is derivatized for vinyl group reactivity by reacting the isocyanate groups thereof with hydroxyalkyl acrylate. The resulting photopolymeric binder provides significantly higher photospeed than the non-reactive binder currently utilized in the production of conventional printing plates. The resulting lithographic printing plate also shows better durability (as manifested by longer run-length) and is more easily developed by the microencapsulated developers utilized in the present invention. As to the preparation of the photoreactive binders, the application discloses a method of copolymerizing m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.

Abstract: Agglomerating agent and method for use in heap leaching of mineral bearing ores. Cationic polymers alone or in combination with cement or lime are highly effective agglomerating agents in acidic or alkaline leaching operations. The cationic polymers are preferably graft copolymers, block copolymers or linear copolymers of acrylamide and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: Copolymers of vinyl aromatic monomers and propoxylated allyl alcohols having an average of 2 or less oxypropylene groups are disclosed. The copolymers, which have hydroxyl numbers of 80-260 mg KOH/g and number average molecular weights from 500-3500, are particularly useful for polyurethanes, alkyd resins and coatings, melamine-based coatings, and unsaturated polyester resins.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion useful for forming aqueous coating compositions containing metallic flake pigment, an aqueous carrier and a graft copolymer dispersant (binder);wherein the graft copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 and comprises a polymeric backbone and macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone wherein(1) the polymeric backbone is formed of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers and(2) the side chains are macromonomers that are attached to the backbone at a single terminal point and formed from polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are polymerized in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent have a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000-30,000;wherein the graft copolymer contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety and phosphoric acid moieties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains or both and the polymer is neutralized with a

Abstract: Multilayered barrier structures comprising a gas barrier layer of a non-chlorine containing organic polymer which is substantially impermeable to oxygen gas and a moisture barrier layer of a mesophase propylene-based material are provided. These structures are environmentally compatible and radiation resistant, and exhibit one or more additional properties, including gas barrier properties, moisture barrier properties, toughness, heat sealability, softness, and quietness during wrinkling. Also provided are methods of preparing and using such multilayered barrier structures, and articles, such as films, pouches, and tubings, formed from these structures.

Abstract: An anhydride-functional polymer is obtained by reacting under ene reaction conditions:(i) an unsaturated anhydride having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each independently hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to about 6 carbons, or alkoxy of 1 to about 6 carbons, or a halogen; and(ii) at least one polyolefin having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds in the polyolefin backbone and having an average of at least three carbon atoms in the polyolefin backbone between the carbon-carbon double bonds.

Abstract: It is disclosed a toughened polyamide comprising a polyamide, such as Nylon 6, and a minor amount of a linear alternating polymer of carbon monoxide and at least one or more ethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon. The toughened polyamide has and exhibits improved properties such as Notched Izod strength and flexural modulus and can be used in the manufacture of articles suitable in many applications.

Abstract: Carboxyl-containing isobutene copolymers are obtainablea) by cationic polymerization of a mixture of from 1 to 99 mol % of isobutene and from 99 to 1 mol % of a 2-methylalk-1-ene at less than 20.degree. C. in the presence of a halogen-containing Lewis acid andb) subsequent grafting of the isobutene copolymer obtainable in this manner with an .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivative at above 100.degree. C. and in the presence of a free radical initiator.Such carboxyl-containing isobutene copolymers are particularly suitable as adhesive raw materials or as sealing compounds.

Abstract: Propylene copolymers grafted with .alpha.,.beta.-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid derivatives and consisting of a random propylene copolymer (I) with from 0.1 to 15% by weight of polymerized C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alk-1-enes and a random propylene copolymer (II) with from 15 to 80% by weight of polymerized C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -alk-1-enes, are obtainable by reacting the graft monomer with the propylene copolymer at from 1 to 300 bar, from 0.01 to 1.0% by weight, based on the propylene copolymer, of the graft monomer being mixed with the molten propylene copolymer in the absence of a free radical initiator, and the grafting reaction being carried out at from 200.degree. to 350.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for producing substituted acylating agents by the reaction of an enophile with an ene by the thermal route wherein (a) the molar ratio of the enophile to the ene is at least 3:1 and (b) the reaction pressure is raised to above 20 psig an least after addition of the enophile reaction to the reaction is completed and is maintained substantially constant until at least 80% of the ene reactant has been converted to the corresponding acylating agent. The agents so produced are substantially free of chlorine and can be further reacted with an amine or a hydroxy compound to form a derivative which can be used as an additive for a lubricating oil or a fuel.

Abstract: Propoxylated allyl alcohol homopolymers and copolymers of allyl alcohol and propoxylated allyl alcohol are disclosed. The polymers are soluble in many organic solvents, making them useful in a variety of applications, including polyesters, polyurethanes, alkyds, uralkyds, polyamines, acrylates, crosslinked polymeric resins, and polymer blends.

Abstract: Chlorine-free polyfunctional polyisobutenes are described that can be modified by amines, alcohols and/or amino alcohols to result in additives that can be used in the petroleum field in particular in fuels and engine lubricants.They are prepared by radical terpolymerization of isobutene, maleic anhydride and polyisobutene having an average content of "exo" end double bonds of at least 50%.

Abstract: Disclosed are low plate-out fluorescent pigment concentrates comprising:(a) a pigment comprising a polyamide and a fluorescent dye and(b) a carboxylated polyolefin consisting essentially of polyethylene or polypropylene which contains pendant acid or anhydride residue groups in the amount of about 0.25% to about 10% by weight based on the weight of the polyolefin.

Abstract: Adhesive blends especially suitable for adhesion to one or more polypropylene substrates consisting essentially of a mixture of a modified impact copolymer and a graft reaction product of a propylene polymer and a carboxylic acid or derivative thereof are disclosed. Composite structures incorporating such blends are also disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel, solid, elastomeric block copolymers having excellent oxidative and thermal stability, wherein the terminal blocks are each a polymer (D polymer) of at least one conjugated diene D, which is a hydrocarbon containing a 1,3-conjugated diene structure wherein the 2 and 3 carbon atoms are each additionally bonded to a hydrocarbyl side group, e.g., 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, with a preponderance of polymerized D units being 1,4 units; and at least one interior block is a hydrogenated polymer (I polymer) of at least one conjugated diene I which is a hydrocarbon containing a 1,3-conjugated diene structure wherein one of the 2- and 3-carbon atoms is additionally bonded to a hydrocarbyl side group and the other is additionally bonded to a hydrogen atom, e.g. isoprene.

Abstract: A low sediment process for forming a borated, oil soluble, polymer-substituted, nitrogen- or ester-containing lubricating oil additive. A polymer-substituted, nitrogen- or ester-containing additive in the presence of a solvent therefor, is contacted under boronating reaction conditions in a reaction zone with particulate boric acid. The boric acid has a particle size distribution in lubricating oil characterized by a .phi. value of not greater than about 450. The .phi. value is the ratio of said particles' total spherical volume divided by said particles' total spherical external surface area; i.e., ##EQU1## wherein, for each of a plurality of distribution segments defining a particle size range; d.sub.i is the average particle diameter for the ith distribution segment; N.sub.i is the particle volume percent of the ith distribution segment; and the sum is taken over all the distribution segments.

Abstract: An additive composition comprising a graft and derivatized copolymer prepared from ethylene and at least one (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10) alpha-monoolefin and, optionally, a polyene selected from non-conjugated dienes and trienes comprising from about 15 to 80 mole percent of ethylene, from about 20 to 85 mole percent of said (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10) alpha-monoolefin and from about 0 to 15 mole percent of said polyene having an average molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to 500,000, which has been reacted with at least one olefinic carboxylic acid acylating agent to form one or more acylating reaction intermediates characterized by having a carboxylic acid acylating function within their structure and reacting said reaction intermediate with an amino-aromatic compound to form said graft derivatized copolymer, and a lubricating oil composition containing same are provided.

Abstract: A curable polyester molding composition incorporating an elastomeric low profile additive dispersed in voided rubbery particle form throughout the composition is used in association with a compatibilizing agent to form a molded thermoset article having very smooth, light reflective, class A surfaces and having a matrix fracture energy which is comparable to articles formed from similar or identical molding compositions which are free of low profile additives. The low profile additive is an epoxidized elastomer or block copolymer having at least one flexible elastomer block and one monovinyl aromatic block. The compatibilizing agent is a copolymer having a diene polymer backbone which is compatible with the elastomer or the flexible diene block of the low profile additive, with constituents which are compatible or reactive with the polyester being grafted or adducted onto the diene polymer backbone.

Abstract: Oil-soluble polymer improving the viscosity index of lubricating oils, endowed with dispersant properties and capable of lowering the pour point ("pour point depressant"), obtained by means of a first step of reaction between a polyolefinic copolymer and a mixture of C.sub.8 -C.sub.25 alcohol (meth)acrylates and (meth)acrylic acid and a second step of condensation of the so modified copolymer with a polyamine.

Abstract: Multiple sequential chemical reactions on a polymeric feedstock are carried out in an extruder with multiple reaction zones. Each reaction zone has means for introduction of reagents, for mixing of reagents with polymer and for removal of by/co-products or unreacted reagents.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition consisting essentially of (a) 50 to 90 % by weight of polybutylene terephthalate (component A), (b) 5 to 40 % by weight of modified polyolefin modified by an unsaturated monomer having a glycidyloxy group and an unsaturated monomer having a carboxyl group or an acid anhydride group (component B), (c) 5 to 40 % by weight of polycarbonate (component C); and molded articles prepared from the above thermoplastic resin composition.The thermoplastic resin composition of the invention can give molded articles having excellent toughness, rigidity, strength and dimensional stability.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a maleated polyethylene wax is disclosed. This process entails mixing in the melt phase polyethylene, maleic anhydride, free radical initiator and a chain transfer agent m-di-isopropylbenzene. This process can be a continuous process either in a stirred reactor or twin screw extruder. The resulting maleated polyethylene wax has a high acid number, essentially no objectionable odor, and a Gardner color number less than 3.

Abstract: Polyisobutylsuccinic anhydrides having an average molar ratio of succinic anhydride groups to polyisobutyl groups of from 1.05:1 to 1.3:1 are prepared by reacting polyisobutene having an average molecular weight M.sub.w of 600-5000 and containing at least 70% of terminal double bonds with maleic anhydride in a molar ratio of maleic anhydride to polyisobutene of from 1.05:1 to 3:1 at 160.degree.-210.degree. C. in the presence of a catalytic amount of a dicarboxylic acid of 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A positive type photoresist composition contains (a) 100 parts by weight of a resin which is a polymer compound (A) including carbon-carbon double bonds and having a molecular weight of 300 to 30,000 and an iodine value of to 500. To at least a part of the double bonds of the polymer compound (A), a group represented by the formula (I) is introduced ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 denotes a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and R.sup.2 denotes an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group, The composition further contains (b) 25 to 100 parts by weight of a compound containing a quinone diazide unit.

Abstract: A derivatized graft copolymer composition comprising an ethylene alpha-monoolefin copolymer comprising about 15 to about 80 mole % ethylene, about 20 to about 85 mole % of at least one (C.sub.3 -C.sub.10) alpha-monoolefin and, optionally, 0 to about 15 mole % of a polyene selected from non-conjugated dienes and trienes and having an average molecular weight ranging from about 5,000 to about 500,000; grafted with at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid material; and derivatized with an amino-aromatic compound.

Abstract: Addition polymers of ethylenically unsaturated monomers are provided comprising a 5-, 6- or 7-membered polymer unit formed from a copolymerizable, unsaturated, chain transfer agent containing a labile hydrogen and capable of forming by means of a hydrogen shift mechanism a free radical having 5, 6 or 7 atoms between and including the .alpha.-carbon of the ethylenically unsaturated group and the labile hydrogen.

Abstract: An aqueous-developable article is made from a photoprepolymer made by reacting a maleated polyalkadienyl homo- or copolymer (e.g., polybutadiene) with an olefinically unsaturated compound capable of opening anhydride rings (e.g., hydroxyethyl methacrylate) with simultaneous chain extension using a polyalkadienyl polyol, followed by hydrolysis and neutralization with Li--, Na--, or K-containing base. When formulated with unsaturated monomers and photoinitiators, the photoprepolymer is particularly useful in making photopolymer-based flexographic printing plates.

Abstract: A process for improving the color of selectively hydrogenated block copolymers modified with acid compound or derivatives thereof which comprises:(a) anionically polymerizing at least one conjugated diene, and, optionally, at least one vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon, to produce a block copolymer,(b) selectively hydrogenating the block copolymer,(c) subjecting the block copolymer to an acid wash,(d) subjecting the acid washed block copolymer to high efficiency water washing at a residence time of not less than 50 minutes and a water to polymer cement weight ratio of more than 0.2, and(e) grafting an acid compound or a derivative thereof onto the block copolymer.

Abstract: Redispersible polymer powders made by core-shell polymers having an alkali-soluble emulsion polymer shell and an aqueous-insoluble emulsion polymer core wherein the core and the shell polymers are chemically grafted by utilizing a polyfunctional compound. The core-shell polymers are produced by a two-stage sequential emulsion polymerization process in which an alkali-insoluble emulsion polymer core is polymerized in the presence of an alkali-solubilized emulsion polymer. When the core-shell polymer powders of this invention are employed as a cement modifier, improvements in the powder physical properties and cement mortar properties are realized.

Abstract: Degraded molecular weight copolymers of ethylene alpha-olefin are provided. The ethylene alpha-olefin copolymers, before degradation, are characterized by having a narrow molecular weight distribution and are comprised of intramolecularly heterogeneous and intermolecularly homogeneous copolymer chains. The degraded copolymers are useful as viscosity index improvers for oils.

Abstract: There are disclosed novel, solid, elastomeric block copolymers with improved resistance to cold flow wherein either 1) the terminal blocks are each a polymer (I polymer) of at least one conjugated diene I, e.g., isoprene, which contains at least five carbon atoms with at least one of each pair of double-bonded carbon atoms in the polymerized diene I units being additionally single-bonded to two carbon atoms; at least one middle or interior block is a hydrogenated polybutadiene (B polymer); and at least one middle or interior block is an essentially straight chain polyethylene (E polymer) resulting from the hydrogenation of a polybutadiene composed of at least 80% of 1,4- units; or 2) the terminal blocks are random IB copolymers of at least one diene I as previously defined and hydrogenated butadiene, and at least one middle or interior block is a straight chain polyethylene (E polymer) as previously defined.

Abstract: A blend of a polyolefin, such as polypropylene, with a segmented copolymer containing both polyolefin segments and segments derived from greater than 20 to about 100% of a vinyl aromatic monomer is useful in applications where high melt strength is desired.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed that are the urea derivatives of succinylated polyolefins (maleated polyolefins). The urea derivatives of succinylated polyolefins are of the formula; ##STR1## wherein R is a polyolefin attached at any point along the hydrocarbon chain. The urea derivative of succinylated polyolefins is useful as a coupling agent to couple polyolefins with dissimilar polymers having an excess of unreacted acid groups such as polyesters.

Abstract: Rubber compositions having high tensile modulus at 100% and strong metal adhesion. The rubber compositions include chlorinated polyethylene rubber and/or its derivative reformed with maleic anhydride with from 0.2 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts of the rubber of a 2,4,6-trimercapto-1,3,5-triazine dicyclohexylamine salt.

Abstract: Polymer alloys that can facilely be shaped into gas barrier, crack-resistant packaging materials, e.g., by thermoforming, include an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer matrix, a polypropylene disperse phase and a phase-compatibilizing amount of an .alpha.-monoolefin graft copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition curable at a low temperature, comprising (A) a hydroxyl-containing compound, (B) a metal chelate compound or a metal alcoholate compound and (C) a compound having an acid anhydride group. The composition further comprises a chelate-forming compound (D) and/or a tertiary amine (E).

Abstract: A vinyl polymer is obtainable by polymerizing vinyl monomers in at least two stages by a procedure in which, in a first stage, from 5 to 95% by weight of vinyl monomers are polymerized in an organic solvent or in the absence of a solvent and, in the second stage, from 5 to 95% by weight of the vinyl monomers are polymerized in the presence of the vinyl polymer obtained in the first stage, likewise in an organic solvent or in the absence of a solvent, with the proviso that the polymerization in the second stage is carried out under conditions under which an average molecular weight M.sub.n, which is at least 1,000 higher compared with that of the vinyl polymer, the first stage of results for the vinyl monomers of the second stage in the absence of the vinyl polymer obtained in the first stage.

Abstract: An oil soluble dispersant additive useful in oleaginous compositions selected from fuels and lubricating oils comprising the reaction products of:(i) at least one intermediate adduct comprised of the reaction products of(a) at least one polyanhydride, and(b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of polyamines, polyols, and amino alcohols; and(ii) at least one member selected from the group consisting of(a) at least one long chain hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid producing material;(b) at least one long chain hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxy aromatic material and at least one aldehyde; or(c) at least one aldehyde and at least one reaction product of a hydrocarbyl substituted C.sub.3 -C.sub.10 monocarboxylic or C.sub.4 -C.sub.10 dicarboxylic acid or anhydride and an amine substituted hydroxy aromatic compound.Also disclosed are oleaginous compositions, particularly lubricating oil compositions, containing these oil soluble dispersants.