Abstract: There is provided a modified ethylene resin produced by subjecting (a) an ethylene resin to modification with (b) an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic ester having a hydrocarbon-terminated polyalkylene oxide chain, and with (c) an aromatic vinyl compound and/or (d) an ester of an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic acid with an aliphatic alcohol.There is also provided an ethylene resin composition comprising: (A) 80 to 99.9% by weight of a modified ethylene resin produced by subjecting (a) an ethylene resin to modification at least with (b) an .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated carboxylic ester having a polyalkylene oxide chain; and (B) 20 to 0.1% by weight of a surfactant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for polymerizing block polymers of general formula (I): ##STR1## in which process the following are brought into contact with each other: an ethylenically unsaturated monomer of formula:CYY'(.dbd.CW--CW').sub.a .dbd.CH.sub.2,a precursor compoun of general formula (II): ##STR2## a radical polymerization initiator.

Abstract: Molding materials modified with acrylic rubber are prepared by means of groups which are incorporated in the acrylic rubber and are decomposed by a redox component to give free radicals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a continuous process for the selective cross-linking of the dispersed phase of polymers based on acrylonitrile/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber/styrene (AES), which comprises: a) addition to the polymer, which leaves the end of the synthesis plant still in the molten state, of cross-linking substances and coreagents; b) passing the compound through suitable mixing equipment.

Abstract: A methyl methacrylic resin composition comprising:(A) 30 to 60% by weight of an unsaturated monomer mixture comprising an unsaturated monomer having at least two double bonds which can effect radical polymerization,(B) 40 to 70% by weight of resin particles made of a polymer of a methyl methacrylic unsaturated monomer comprising (i) 20 to 100 parts by weight of partially cross-linked resin particles and (ii) 0 to 80 parts by weight of uncross-linked resin particles and(C) 0.1 to 5% by weight of a radical polymerization initiator, is provided. The resin composition has an excellent handling property, generates little odor, and can be easily molded. The methyl methacrylic resin composition gives a molded article which has a high transparency, a high hardness of the surface and an excellent scratch-resistance. The molded article may be preferably used as a lamp cover.

Abstract: The present invention is block copolymer of the formulas I and II(PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (I)X(PB).sub.y (PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (II)wherein PA is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and PB is a cationically polymerizable monomer that can be initiated with an alkyl halide or without catalysts, x is 4 to 500,000 and y is from 2 to 500,000 and X is a halogen atom. The present invention also provides a method for making a block copolymer of the formulas I and II(PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (I)X(PB).sub.y (PA).sub.x (PB).sub.y X (II)wherein PA is an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and PB is a cationically polymerizable monomer that can be initiated with an alkyl halide, x is 4 to 500,000 and y is from 2 to 500,000 and X is a halogen atom. The reaction is initiated by an atom transfer radical polymerization of the PA monomer with an initiator to produce a polymer of the formulas (III) or (IV)(PA).sub.x X (III)X(PA).sub.x X (IV)wherein X is a halogen atom.

Abstract: Graft polymers are obtainable by free radical polymerization of(A) monomers or monomer mixtures comprising(a) from 1 to 100% by weight of N-vinylcarboxamides of the formula ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each H or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, (b) from 0 to 99% by weight of other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the monomers (a) and(c) from 0 to 5% by weight of monomers having at least two ethylenically unsaturated, nonconjugated double bonds in the molecule,in the presence of(B) polymers which contain units of vinyl esters of saturated C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Environmental etch resistant coatings are described. The coatings are derived from aqueous, curable coating compositions comprising:(a) a carbamate-functional grafted acrylic polymer that comprises the reaction product of a first acrylic polymer and a second acrylic polymer, with at least one of the first and second acrylic polymers having groups that impart water dispersibility to the grafted acrylic polymer, and at least one of the first and second acrylic polymers having carbamate functionality; and(b) a second component comprising a compound having a plurality of functional groups that are reactive with the carbamate functionality.

Abstract: A curable topcoat composition and apparatus useful for preparing stable data carrying devices, such as multi-layered laminates, and methods for preparing and using the composition. The composition includes a polymerizable composition and a polymeric binder. The polymerizable composition includes hard and flexible polymerizable subunits in a ratio that optimizes flexibility while retaining good adhesion and plasticizer resistance. In a preferred embodiment, a polymerization initiator is also included in the composition. Optionally, a chain transfer agent may also be added to the composition. The composition is substantially plasticizer free. The methods of using the composition include incorporating the composition into a topcoat film useful for storing the topcoat composition prior to use in preparing data carrying devices, such as cards.

Abstract: A novel high performance pressure sensitive adhesive composition is provided comprised of a phase separated graft copolymer comprised of a polymerized acrylic or methacrylic acid ester backbone having grafted thereon pendant polymeric moieties such as polystyrene or poly-alpha-methylstyrene in an amount of from 1.5 to 2.5 grafts per polymer chain on average.

Abstract: A graft copolymer rubber comprising an unsaturated hydrocarbon rubber backbone having pendently grafted thereto a polymerized metal salt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid is provided. The graft copolymer rubber is prepared by a method which involves dissolving an unsaturated hydrocarbon rubber in a solvent to form a rubber solution, adding a metal salt of an unsaturated carboxylic acid to the solution, adding a free radical initiator to the solution and then heating the resultant reaction mixture at a temperature of from about 40 to about 150.degree. C. for a time period of from about 0.1 to about 100 hours.The resultant graft copolymer rubber is sulfur curable and when compounded with conventional rubber additives and cured forms rubber compounds having high modulus. The graft copolymer rubbers of the invention can be used in various end use applications where high strength properties are important such as tires, industrial rubber goods and the like.

Abstract: A resin composition for sealing liquid crystal cells which contains as essential components a rubber-modified unsaturated compound obtained by grafting a monomer having at least one polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated bond in a molecule with at least one rubber selected from acrylic rubber, silicone rubber, urethane rubber and conjugated diene rubber, and a coupling agent, a filler and a photopolymerization initiator. The rubber contained in the rubber modified unsaturated compound has a particle diameter of 0.2-5 .mu.m and a number average molecular weight of 1000-100,000, and the rubber content in the compound is 0.5-45% by weight based on the rubber modified unsaturated compound.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for polymerizing ethylene, acyclic olefins, and/or selected cyclic olefins, and optionally selected olefinic esters or carboxylic acids, and other monomers. The polymerizations are catalyzed by selected transition metal compounds, and sometimes other co-catalysts. Since some of the polymerizations exhibit some characteristics of living polymerizations, block copolymers can be readily made. Many of the polymers produced are often novel, particularly in regard to their microsructure, which give some of them unusual properties. Numerous novel catalysts are disclosed, as well as some novel processes for making them. The polymers made are useful as elastomers, molding resins, in adhesives, etc. Also described herein is the synthesis of linear .alpha.-olefins by the oligomerization of ethylene using as a catalyst system a combination a nickel compound having a selected .alpha.-diimine ligand and a selected Lewis or Bronsted acid, or by contacting selected .alpha.

Abstract: Paper coating slips contain an emulsion copolymer, comprising overallfrom 0 to 60% by weight of a vinylaromatic,from 40 to 95% by weight of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 -alkyl (meth)acrylate,from 5 to 40% by weight of an alkenylnitrile,from 0 to 10% by weight of an ethylenically unsaturated acid andfrom 0 to 20% by weight of further monomersas a binder, wherein the emulsion copolymer is a mixture of at least two polymers or an emulsion copolymer comprising at least two stages, one polymer or one stage whose content in the emulsion copolymer is from 10 to 75% by weight containing at least 90% by weight of the total amount of alkenylnitrile (alkenylnitrile-rich polymer or stage).

Abstract: A polyolefin resin composition of the present invention comprising 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight of an anti-blocking agent per 100 parts by weight of a polyolefin resin, wherein said anti-blocking agent has substantially two or more maximum values in a weight-based particle size distribution and a difference between a particle diameter giving the largest maximum value and a particle diameter giving the smallest maximum value is not less than 3.0 .mu.m.

Abstract: Aqueous dispersions of water soluble nonionic and anionically charged vinyl and allyl addition polymers can be obtained by polymerizing in the presence of an anionically charged water soluble polymer stabilizer in a saturated salt solution. Methods for the preparation of these polymers, and their compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: A rubber composition comprises a hydrogenated NBR, zinc dimethacrylate, zinc diacrylate, or an admixture thereof, an epoxy compound and an organic peroxide vulcanizer. A hose is also provided, comprising an inner tube, a reinforcement layer and an outer tube, at least the inner tube being formed from the above rubber composition.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:M--Q.sub.n --Z--OA(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)wherein M is defined as an alkali metal, selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium, Q is an aromatic substituted saturated hydrocarbyl group produced by the incorporation of one or more alkenyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons containing 8-25 carbon atoms into the M--Z linkage; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; A is an element selected from carbon and silicon; R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.

Abstract: There is a need for polymers which offer increased heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistance, and low fogging characteristics for utilization in automotive interiors. It is particularly critical for polymers which are utilized in making skin compounds for automotive instrument and door panels to display excellent heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistance, and low fogging characteristics.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional ether initiators of the following general structure:M--Z--O--C(R.sup.1 R.sup.2 R.sup.3)wherein M is an alkali metal; Z is a branched or straight chain hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms, optionally containing aryl or substituted aryl groups; and R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl or substituted aryl groups, and their employment as initiators in the anionic polymerization of olefin containing monomers in an inert, hydrocarbon solvent comprising reacting an omega-protected-1-haloalkyl with lithium metal dispersion having a particle size between 10 and 300 millimicrons in size, at a temperature between 35.degree. and 130.degree. C. in an alkane solvent containing 5 to 10 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Instant invention provides thermoplastic polyurethane compositions comprising one or more thermoplastic polyurethanes A) one or more acrylate based rubbers B), and one or more UV and/or heat stabilizers C), wherein the thermoplastic polyurethane composition of A)+B)+C) has a greater UV stability as compared to a thermoplastic polyurethane composition of A)+C), wherein (a.) UV stability is measured as the difference between (1.) Delta E versus white tile after molded, and (2.) Delta E versus white tile after 1000 hours of QUV (b.) increasing stability is indicated by minimization of the difference between (1.) and (2.).The invention further provides a process of making molded thermoplastic polyurethane articles using the aforementioned thermoplastic polyurethane compositions.

Abstract: There is a need for polymers which offer increased heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistance, and low fogging characteristics for utilization in automotive interiors. It is particularly critical for polymers which are utilized in making skin compounds for automotive instrument and door panels to display excellent heat resistance, ultraviolet light resistance, and low fogging characteristics.

Abstract: The present invention provides a curable resin composition comprising: a polymer (A) containing a polymerizable unsaturated bonding group; and a polymerizable unsaturated monomer (B). Polymerizable unsaturated monomer (B) comprises as an essential component an oligoalkyl(C.sub.2 -C.sub.4)ether(n=2-15)-monoalkoxy(C.sub.1 -C.sub.18)-(meth)acrylate. This curable resin composition according to the present invention displays superior adherence, air-drying, water resistance, and storage stability properties in addition to a reduced odor.

Abstract: Environmental etch resistant coatings are described. The coatings are derived from aqueous, curable coating compositions comprising:(a) a carbamate-functional grafted acrylic polymer that comprises the reaction product of a first acrylic polymer and a second acrylic polymer, with at least one of the first and second acrylic polymers having groups that impart water dispersibility to the grafted acrylic polymer, and at least one of the first and second acrylic polymers having carbamate functionality; and(b) a second component comprising a compound having a plurality of functional groups that are reactive with the carbamate functionality.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, it has been discovered that perfluorinated hydrocarbon polymers can be used as fillers for the preparation of adhesive formulations having excellent dielectric properties, i.e., very low conductivities. Invention compositions display excellent rheological properties, in addition to low dielectric constants. Invention formulations can be used for a variety of purposes, such as, for example, for the preparation of filled adhesive formulations with a reduced propensity to settle out, excellent dispensing characteristics due to the thixotropic nature thereof, and the like.

Abstract: The invention concerns crosslinked plastic particles based on polymethyl (meth)acrylate PP with a particle diameter of 1-15 .mu.m, synthesized from the monomers:A) methyl methacrylate in fractions of 20 to 99.9 wt %;B) methacrylic acid ester of formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 stands for a C.sub.2-8 alkyl radical, a C.sub.5-6 cycloalkyl radical, a C.sub.5-6 cycloalkyl radical substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, a C.sub.6-14 aryl radical, a substituted C.sub.6-14 aryl radical or an aralkyl radical, in fractions of 0 to 79 wt %;C) acrylic acid ester of formula II:CH.sub.2 =CH--COOR.sub.2 (II)wherein R.sub.2 stands for a C.sub.1-8 alkyl radical, a C.sub.5-6 cycloalkyl radical which can be substituted with C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or a perhaps substituted C.sub.6-14 aryl radical or an aralkyl radical, in fractions of 0 to 50;D) at least one crosslinking monomer CM, which is, in fact, known, containing at least two radically polymerizable groups in the molecule in fractions of 0.

Abstract: A method for modifying polyolefins by grafting with a carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid anhydride or other functionalized monomer in the presence of two additional comonomers, one being an aliphatic diolefin and the other an aromatic vinyl or (meth)acrylate monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides amphipathic graft copolymers which comprises a hydrophobic polymer portion to which is grafted at least one amphipathic polymer portion containing pH independent ionic groups. The amphipathic graft copolymers can be prepared employing a procedure which comprises polymerizing at least two hydrophobic monomers, wherein at least one of the monomers is a graftable monomer, and at least one hydrophilic monomer, including at least one anionic and/or cationic pH independent ionic monomer, or a post reactive non-ionic monomer that can be converted to a pH independent ionic derivative, in a reaction medium and recovering the thus prepared amphipathic graft copolymer. Stable, substantially non-aqueous solution compositions of said amphipathic graft copolymer containing less than 15 percent by weight water are also provided.

Abstract: A process for the percolation leaching of minerals from a mineral-beating ore comprises agglomerating the mineral-bearing ore with an agglomerating agent of a cationic block copolymer having a polymeric segment and a block containing an ammonium cation optionally with a block derived from an acrylamide monomer, forming the ore/agglomerating agent mixture into a heap, and leaching the heap by percolation with a leaching solution for subsequent recovery of the minerals at an acidic pH.

Abstract: A supercritical graft copolymerization process is described which includes the steps of: adding a polymer into a high pressure reactor; adding a free radically polymerizable monomer into the reactor; adding a free radical polymerization initiator; adding a sufficient amount of a supercritical solvent to dissolve at least a portion of the polymer and the monomer when supercritical conditions are achieved inside the reactor; and heating and pressurizing the reactor to achieve supercritical conditions therein for a time sufficient to effect a graft copolymerization on the polymer by the polymerizing monomer which forms at least one side chain on the polymer. In general, the reaction pressure will range from 70 atm. to 200 atm. and the reaction temperature will range from 50.degree. C. to 90.degree. C. In the examples provided above, the supercritical solvent was carbon dioxide.

Abstract: There is provided a pressure-sensitive adhesive graft copolymer formed by reacting an acrylic monomer system comprising at least one alkyl acrylate ester containing from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl group in the presence of a macromer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-butylene and ethylene-propylene macromers and mixtures thereof with each of said macromer having a molecular weight of from about 2,000 to about 30,000, a glass transition temperature of less than about 0.degree. C. and a terminal reactive group of acrylate or methacrylate.

Abstract: A process for preparing hollow polymer particles which comprises a seed-forming step for polymerizing a monomer mixture of an acid monomer having a carboxylic acid group and a non-ionic hydrophilic monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator; a core-forming step for preparing a core, which can be swollen with an alkali, by polymerizing the monomer mixture of an acid monomer having a carboxylic acid group, a non-ionic hydrophilic monomer and a cross-linking agent to the seed latex; a shell-forming step in which a hydrophobic shell is formed on the hydrophilic core; and an alkali-swelling step.

Abstract: Graft and core-shell copolymers are provided which are useful as binders and are prepared from a peroxy-containing copolymer phase a) wherein the copolymer phase contains 0.01 to 20% by weight of residues of an olefinically di-unsaturated peroxy compound and from 80 to 99.99% by weight of residues of at least one comonomer and a polymer phase b) grafted thereon which is obtained by grafting one or more monomers. A process for preparing the copolymers is also provided.

Abstract: A multifunctional initiator is prepared by contacting an organo-alkali metal compound with a silane represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein the R' are generally lower alkyl groups such as methyl and the R" is generally an .paren open-st.CH.sub.2 .paren close-st..sub.n group with n=2. Superior results are obtained presumably because of the separation of the vinyl groups and the greater solubility of the compound because of the R' groups. The resulting catalyst initiates polymerization of monomers such as conjugated dienes and monovinyl substituted aromatic compounds to give relatively monodispersed polymers with little or no crosslinking.

Abstract: A process for synthesizing high molecular weight anionic dispersion polymer is disclosed, the process comprising providing a mixture of water, acrylic acid and a stabilizer; cooling the mixture to a temperature of less than 35.degree. C.; lowering the pH of the mixture to less than 4.5; adding ethylhexyl acrylate to the mixture to form an aqueous solution; stirring the aqueous solution; purging the solution with nitrogen simultaneous with the step of stirring; heating the solution to about 48.degree. C.; adding initiator for from about 2 to about 3 hours; heating the solution to about 75.degree. C. for about 30 to about 60 minutes; and cooling and collecting the polymer.

Abstract: This invention relates to difunctional telechelic linear non-crosslinked polyolefins without pendant chain branched groups. The polyolefin compounds of this invention are useful for preparing high molecular weight polyesters, polyamides, polyureas and polyurethanes of high density without branching of the polymer chains, and with low permeability to gases and solvents.

Abstract: This invention provides for curable and graft-cured polymer compositions prepared from a mixture comprising:a) an elastomeric copolymer containing from about 0.01 up to about 10 mole % of Y ester groups randomly distributed along and pendant to the elastomeric polymer chain, said Y ester groups having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and an alkyl group containing 1 to about 6 carbon atoms and R.sub.4 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 28 carbon atoms, an aryl group and an alkenyl group containing from 2 to about 28 carbon atoms; andb) at least one free radically polymerizable monomer. The invention also provides for a process for preparing graft-cured polymer compositions comprising forming the above recited mixture of (a) and (b) and subjecting said mixture to free radical polymerization conditions. The Y ester groups pendant to the elastomeric polymer chain, e.g.

Abstract: A photoreactive binder that may be used to enhance photospeed in either conventional plates or on-press developable lithographic printing plates. Briefly, a polymer of m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate is derivatized for vinyl group reactivity by reacting the isocyanate groups thereof with hydroxyalkyl acrylate. The resulting photopolymeric binder provides significantly higher photospeed than the non-reactive binder currently utilized in the production of conventional printing plates. The resulting lithographic printing plate also shows better durability (as manifested by longer run-length) and is more easily developed by the microencapsulated developers utilized in the present invention. As to the preparation of the photoreactive binders, the application discloses a method of copolymerizing m-isopropenyl-.alpha.,.alpha.

Abstract: There are disclosed a styrenic copolymer which comprises at least one structural unit represented by the general formula (I) ##STR1## and a structural unit represented by the general formula (II) ##STR2## or a structural unit represented by the general formula (IX) ##STR3## wherein the symbols are each as previously defined in the specification, the structural unit (II) or (IX) being contained in an amount of 0.01 to 99.9 mol %; and a process for the production of the above copolymer.The above styrenic copolymer has a high degree of syndiotactic configuration in the stereoregularity of the main chain of the structural unit (I) as well as adhesivity and compatibility with a resin of a different type.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are set forth for preparing and delivering bone cement from a powdered polymer component and a liquid monomer component by simultaneously injecting the powdered and liquid components, stored in separate component chambers, into an evacuated mixing chamber under the effect of the vacuum; by uniformly mixing the components in the mixing chamber (to thoroughly wet the powder); and by delivering the cement formed by the polymerization process, as needed in an operative setting, utilizing a single ready to use device. The uniform mix is achieved by simultaneously subjecting the contents of the component chambers to the effects of the mixing chamber's vacuum via separate one way nozzles, interconnecting the component chambers to the mixing chamber, which cause the powder to be broadcast and liquid to be sprayed into the mixing chamber.

Abstract: A graft copolymer dispersant (binder) having a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 wherein: (1) the graft copolymer has a polymeric backbone formed by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers; (2) the graft copolymer has macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone at a single terminal point that have weight average molecular weights of about 1,000-30,000 and are formed from by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent. The graft copolymer further contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety or phosphoric acid moleties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains, or both. The graft copolymer is neutralized with an inorganic base or an amine.

Abstract: A process for preparation of modified polyolefin particles which comprises contacting and reacting(A) 100 wt. parts of polyolefin particles with(B) 0.01 to 50 wt. parts of at least one ethylenic unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of carboxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds or their carboxylic anhydrides or their carboxylic acid derivatives, hydroxyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, amino-group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds, and glycidyl group-containing ethylenic unsaturated compounds,in the presence of(C) more than 10 wt. parts to not more than 50 wt. parts of a medium of a liquid state at ordinary temperature whose solubility in water at 20.degree. C. is 0.5 wt. % or less and which is capable of swelling the polyolefin, and(D) 0.01 to 10 wt. parts of a radical initiator; andmodified polyolefin particles prepared by the aforesaid process.

Abstract: The present invention provides a continuous process for producing an adducted derivatized EPM or EPDM oil solution in which a grafted ethylene polymer is adducted with an antioxidant diamine for formation of an adduct during holding.

Abstract: Agglomerating agent and method for use in heap leaching of mineral bearing ores. Cationic polymers alone or in combination with cement or lime are highly effective agglomerating agents in acidic or alkaline leaching operations. The cationic polymers are preferably graft copolymers, block copolymers or linear copolymers of acrylamide and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for preparation of non-crosslinked linear monofunctional and telechelic difunctional unsaturated polymers wherein the functional groups are reactive terminal groups other than vinyl groups. The average functionality number of the monofunctional unsaturated polymers is at least 0.7, as determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The average functionality number of the telechelic difunctional polymers is at least 1.7, as determined by NMR. Monofunctional olefins and difunctional olefins are reacted with cyclic olefins or unsaturated polymers to prepare difunctional polymers. The process is substantially free of side reactions comprising double bond migration and cyclization.

Abstract: A pigment dispersion useful for forming aqueous coating compositions containing metallic flake pigment, an aqueous carrier and a graft copolymer dispersant (binder);wherein the graft copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of about 5,000-100,000 and comprises a polymeric backbone and macromonomer side chains attached to the backbone wherein(1) the polymeric backbone is formed of polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers and(2) the side chains are macromonomers that are attached to the backbone at a single terminal point and formed from polymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are polymerized in the presence of a cobalt chain transfer agent have a weight average molecular weight of about 1,000-30,000;wherein the graft copolymer contains about 2 to 70% by weight, based on the weight of the graft copolymer, of polymerized constituents having a phosphate moiety and phosphoric acid moieties that are polymerized into the backbone, the side chains or both and the polymer is neutralized with a

Abstract: Star polymers having first polymeric arms comprising a hydrogenated conjugated diene and smaller second polymeric arms of a methacrylate resist coupling of methacrylate blocks attached to different cores and have improved performance as viscosity index improvers. The polymerized methacrylate units are converted to amide or imide groups by reaction with a primary or secondary amine to give the viscosity index improver dispersant properties.

Abstract: In a first step of this process an elastomer latex is prepared in aqueous emulsion in the presence of at least one ionic surfactant and at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; then in a second step at least one vinyl monomer, which is insoluble in water or sparingly soluble in water, is added to the latex thus obtained and the ionic charges introduced by the said latex are neutralised by adding to the mixture of latex and monomer at least one transfer agent carrying ionic charges opposite to those of the surfactant used in the first step, in order to effect the transfer of particles of the latex into the vinyl monomer; then in a third step the aqueous phase is separated from the organic phase comprising the latex and the vinyl monomer; and in a fourth step the bulk polymerisation of the organic phase is carried out in such a way as to obtain the cast sheet after cooling and release from the mould.

Abstract: Disclosed is a reactive particulate resin which is characterized by each particle thereof having a core of three-dimensionally crosslinked resin having a degree of crosslinking from 0.05 to 2.0 mmol/g, and a shell formed thereon having a radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated bond and is formed by polymerization of one or more polyfunctional monomers (A) and one or more non-aromatic radical-polymerizable monomers (B), the polyfunctional monomer (A) having in the molecule (a) at least one species of 1-monosubstituted and 1,1-disubstituted radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated bonds and also (b) at least one of at least one species of 1,2-disubstituted, 1,1,2-trisubstituted, and 1,1,2,2-tetrasubstituted radical-polymerizable ethylenic unsaturated bonds.

Abstract: Impact modified resin compositions are provided containing bi-lobed graft copolymers. The lobed graft copolymers contain a rigid lobe and a rubbery lobe. The rubber lobes exhibit an affinity for each other and tend to agglomerate during compounding resulting in large rubber particle sizes which provide the compositions with reduced gloss. The resin compositions are useful as molding resins.