Abstract: Sealers, construction products, and methods of sealing construction products are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a sealer includes a first part and a second part, the first part includes an epoxy resin having an epoxy resin molecular weight of about 5,000 Daltons or greater, and also includes an epoxy functional diluent having a diluent molecular weight of about 2,000 Daltons or less. The second part includes a crosslinking agent that is a polyamine. The sealer further includes a particulate with a specific gravity of from about 1 to about 5 grams per cubic centimeter.

Abstract: Phosphorus-containing compounds useful for flame retardant epoxy resins are disclosed. The flame retardant epoxy resins may be used to make electrical laminates. This invention is particularly useful in end use applications in which a low bromine or low halogen content is required or desired.

Abstract: Epoxy resin composition and prepreg and copper clad laminate manufactured by using the same are provided. The epoxy resin composition comprises the following essential components: (A) epoxy resin containing naphthol structure; (B) active ester curing agent; (C) curing accelerant. The epoxy composition in this invention can be used to prepare epoxy resin condensate with low water absorption and low dielectric loss value. The prepreg and copper clad laminate manufactured have good dielectric properties, moisture and heat resistance performance and high glass transition temperature.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for continuously producing a urethane (meth)acrylate, containing causing a mixed liquid of a compound (A) having a hydroxyl group and a (meth) acryloyl group and a compound (B) having an isocyanate group to pass continuously and densely through a tubular microchannel formed in a heat-conducting reaction device, and reacting the hydroxyl group of the compound (A) with the isocyanate group of the compound (B).

Abstract: A thermoset resin, including the reaction product of: an epoxy resin mixture including at least one cycloaliphatic epoxy resins; a cycloaliphatic anhydride hardener; and a catalyst; wherein the reaction product has a glass transition temperature greater than or equal to 210° C. Also disclosed is a process for forming a thermoset resin, including: admixing two or more epoxy resins and a cycloaliphatic anhydride hardener to form a curable composition, wherein the epoxy resins include at least one cycloaliphatic epoxy resin; thermally curing the curable composition at a temperature of at least 150° C. to result in a thermoset resin having a glass transition temperature of at least 210° C. Such curable compositions may include: 35 to 65 weight percent of an epoxy resin mixture having at least one cycloaliphatic epoxy resins; 35 to 65 weight percent of a cycloaliphatic anhydride hardener; and from greater than 0 to 10 weight percent of a catalyst.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fixing mortar system for embedding anchoring means in mortar in holes or crevices, based on one or more hardening epoxy-based reactive resins, characterised in that it includes silanes which may or may not have reactive groups capable of participating in the polymerisation with a synthetic resin based on the hardening epoxy-based reactive synthetic resin(s) but which in any case have Si-bonded hydrolysable groups, and to related inventive subject matter such as processes, kits and uses.

Abstract: Provided are a resin composition for the manufacture of marble chips including a halogenated epoxy resin binder and showing high heat resistance, high chemical resistance, high impact resistance, high specific gravity and high transparency, a marble chip manufacturing method using the resin composition and an artificial marble made from marble chips.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fixing mortar system for embedding anchoring means in mortar in holes or crevices, based on one or more hardening epoxy-based reactive resins, characterised in that it includes silanes which may or may not have reactive groups capable of participating in the polymerisation with a synthetic resin based on the hardening epoxy-based reactive synthetic resin(s) but which in any case have Si-bonded hydrolysable groups, and to related inventive subject matter such as processes, kits and uses.

Abstract: Disclosed is a phenol aralkyl epoxy resin having a structure wherein at least a phenol or a naphthol is bound by using an aralkyl group as a linking group and a structure represented by formula (1) below, while satisfying the condition 1 below. This epoxy resin is excellent in workability during production of a composition and is easy to control quality. Condition 1: The following relation (?) is satisfied with A being the hydroxyl equivalent (as measured in accordance with JIS K 0070) of a phenol-modified epoxy resin obtained by adding an equivalent molar amount of phenol relative to the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy resin, and B being the epoxy equivalent of the epoxy resin. 50?1000×(A?B)/B?250 (?).

Abstract: Hardmask compositions having antireflective properties useful in lithographic processes, methods of using the same, and semiconductor devices fabricated by such methods, are provided.

Abstract: A resin composition for semiconductor encapsulation contains an epoxy resin (A); a phenolic compound (B) containing two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups; an inorganic filler (C); and a curing accelerator (D). The epoxy resin (A) contains an epoxy resin (a1) represented by the formula (1) wherein Ar is a C6-C20 aryl group, R1 is a C1-C6 hydrocarbon group, R2 is a C1-C4 hydrocarbon group, W1 is oxygen or sulfur, RO is a C1-C6 hydrocarbon group, a=0-10, g=0-3, 0<m<1, 0<n<1, m+n=1 and m:n=1:10 to 1:1, and the resin composition has a moisture absorption rate of 0.22 weight % or less when the composition is humidified at 85° C. and 85% R.H.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, it has now been found that glycidyl epoxy resins containing substitution on the epoxide ring can be used with conventional epoxy curing agents and fluxing agents to produce underfill adhesives that are suitable for use with silver-based alloys. Owing to the structural similarity of the new materials to conventional epoxy resins, physical and material properties of the invention formulations are altered little, if at all, relative to products currently in use, and so are highly compatible with existing processes.

Abstract: There is provided an epoxy resin composition for encapsulating a semiconductor essentially comprising (A) a phenolaralkyl type epoxy resin having a phenylene structure, (B) a phenolaralkyl resin having a biphenylene structure, (C) a curing accelerator containing an adduct of a phosphine compound and a quinone compound, (D) a compound in which hydroxyl groups are attached to each of two or more adjacent carbon atoms of an aromatic ring, (E) a silane coupling agent and (F) an inorganic filler, wherein the inorganic filler (F) is contained in 84 wt % to 92 wt % both inclusive in the total amount of the epoxy resin composition.

Abstract: The invention is a formulation that contains: (1) a low-viscosity epoxy resin; (2) a phenolic chain extender whose concentration is less that 0.6 equivalents phenolic hydroxyl group per equivalent of the low-viscosity epoxy resin; (3) a catalyst that promotes self-curing reactions between epoxy groups; (4) an inhibitor that inhibits the activity of the catalyst under “B-staging” conditions; (5) less than 25 weight percent of a volatile organic solvent; and (6) optionally, a multifunctional cross-linking agent. The formulation contains low levels of volatile organic solvent, and can be used to make electrical laminates. It builds molecular weight controllably in B-staging, so that dripping is avoided but the prepreg can be easily laminated.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition comprises (a) an epoxy resin, (b) an anionic polymerization initiator and (c) from 1 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin (a) of an aromatic ring-containing proton donor of a polyhydric alcohol and/or a polymercaptan.

Abstract: The present invention has an object to provide curatives for epoxy resins and curing accelerators for epoxy resins, which both have improved subliming and decomposing properties and which, when mixed with an epoxy resin, enable the mixture to be greatly improved in thermal stability that is extremely important for the control of a curing reaction and to have a prolonged pot life (stability as a one-pack mixture comprising the epoxy resin, curative, etc.) and improved curability at low temperatures.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition is disclosed that comprises an epoxy resin, a reactive phosphonate curing agent, an inorganic filler, whose presence allows for reduced amounts of phosphonate as compared to a composition not containing the filler, an optional polybenzoxazine resin, and an optional co-curing agent.

Abstract: The thermosetting resin composition which is valuable for an undercoat of a printed wiring board, and does not leave an air bubble in a cured film, and makes the surface polishing easy and can form a smooth printed wiring board comprises (I) an adduct of epoxy resin with unsaturated aliphatic acid, (II) a (meth) acrylate, (III) a radical polymerization initiator, (IV) a crystallizable epoxy resin, and (V) a latent curing agent.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel mixture of polyhydroxy phenolic curing agents, such as novolac resins blended with a mixture of mono, bis and tris hydroxyaryl phosphine oxides for co-curing epoxy resins and imparting flame resistance thereto. A preferred composition includes a mixture of monohydroxyaryl, bishydroxyaryl and trishydroxyaryl phosphine oxide and a benzoguanamine/phenol/formaldehyde terpolymer which is used along with an epoxy resin to produce flame-resistant printed wiring boards without the use of halogens.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel mixture of polyhydroxy phenolic curing agents, such as novolac resins blended with a mixture of mono, bis and tris hydroxyaryl phosphine oxides for co-curing epoxy resins and imparting flame resistance thereto. A preferred composition includes a mixture of monohydroxyaryl, bishydroxyaryl and trishydroxyaryl phosphine oxide and a benzoguanamine/phenol/formaldehyde terpolymer which is used along with an epoxy resin to produce flame-resistant printed wiring boards without the use of halogens.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition comprises (a) an epoxy resin, (b) an anionic polymerization initiator and (c) from 1 to 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of epoxy resin (a) of an aromatic ring-containing proton donor of a polyhydric alcohol and/or a polymercaptan.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an active-hydrogen-containing curing agent having a phosphorus group, and a flame retardant cured epoxy resin which can be prepared via an addition reaction between the active hydrogen and the epoxide group of an epoxy resin. The cured flame retardant epoxy resin is environmentally friendly and is suitable for printed circuit board and semiconductor encapsulation applications. The phosphorus group of the curing agent has a chemical structure as follows: wherein Ar is a substituted or un-substituted phenyl or phenoxy.

Abstract: The present invention discloses reworkable epoxy compositions suitable for encapsulation of and underfill for electronic components comprising (a) a curable epoxy component which is the reaction product of an epoxidized 1-alkenyl ether or 1-cycloalkenyl ether and a polycarboxylic acid, the reaction product being substantially free of unreacted acid or acid impurities; and (b) a curing agent for the epoxy component, wherein the reaction products of the epoxy composition are reworkable. The cured epoxy compositions of this invention contain thermally labile weak ?-alkoxy ester linkages which provide for the reworkable aspect of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention discloses reworkable epoxy compositions suitable for encapsulation of and underfill for electronic components including (a) the epoxidized reaction product of a multifunctional 1-alkenyl ether or 1-cycloalkenyl ether and an alkenyl carboxylic acid, the epoxidized reaction product having two or more thermally labile alpha-alkoxy ester linkages; and (b) a curing agent for the epoxy component. The epoxy composition, when cured, provides a composition which is thermally reworkable, the weak ?-alkoxy ester linkages providing for the reworkable aspect of the invention.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition comprising an epoxy resin (A), a curing agent (B) and a curing accelerator (C), wherein the curing agent (B) is a phenol compound having two or more hydroxyl functional groups or a compound obtained by esterification of the phenol compound or a mixture of these compounds, and the curing accelerator (C) is a salt of a phosphazenium compound represented by a formula (I): (wherein R1s each represent a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms and may be all the same or different from one another; and Z? represents a halogen anion, hydroxy anion, alkoxy anion, aryloxy anion or carboxy anion).

Abstract: A mixture of hydroxyarylphosphine oxides comprising (a) a mono(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, (b) a bis(hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, (c) a tris((hydroxyaryl)phosphine oxide, and, optionally (d) a tri- aryl, alkyl, or aralkyl-substituted phosphine oxide combined with a phenolic co-crosslinking composition is useful as a polyhtdroxy mixture for co-crosslinking an epoxy resin which also imparts flame resistance.

Abstract: A curing agent for epoxy resins, comprising (a) 30 to 99 parts by weight of (i) a modified phenol resin, which is obtained by polycondensation of a heavy oil or pitch, a phenol and an aldehyde compound in the present of an acid catalyst, and/or of (ii) a a phenol resin having a hydrocarbon group with small polarity between phenol nuclei represented by the following general formula (I): wherein R1's may be the same or different from each other and each represent an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, substituted or nonsubstituted phenyl group, substituted or nonsubstituted aralkyl group or alkoxy group; Z's may be the same or different from each other and each represent a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms to which a nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, phosphorus atom or sulfur atom may be bonded, at least one Z in one molecule is a divalent hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms to which a nitrogen atom, oxygen atom, phosphorus atom or sulfur atom may be bonded; n is a number of 0 to 8

Abstract: A binder composition comprising a blend of a crystalline phenolic compound having two or more hydroxyphenyl groups and a thermosetting spray dried phenolic resole resin is disclosed. The binder together with a filler is particularly useful in the preparation of molding compounds.

Abstract: The thermosetting resin composition which is valuable for an undercoat of a printed wiring board, and does not leave an air bubble in a cured film, and makes the surface polishing easy and can form a smooth printed wiring board comprises (I) an adduct of epoxy resin with unsaturated aliphatic acid, (II) a (meth) arcylate, (III) a radical polymerization initiator, (IV) a crystallizable epoxy resin, and (V) a latent curing agent.

Abstract: A latent fluxing agent comprising a material which liberates phenol or a carboxylic acid containing compound when heated above 140° C. The latent fluxing agent may be incorporated into a thermoset resin, which includes an epoxy resin. The uncured epoxy resin, which includes the epoxy resin, the latent fluxing agent and an epoxy curing agent are useful as an underfill composition in a method for applying a chip die, having one or more solder balls, to a substrate. The method is used to produce an integrated circuit chip that includes a chip die having electrical contacts arranged in a predetermined pattern and capable of providing electrical engagement with a carrier substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an epoxy resin composition that has both a rapidly-curability and an excellent storage stability and is useful in the field of electronic and electric materials. That is, the present invention is an epoxy resin composition comprising a compound (A) having two or more epoxy groups in the molecule, a co-condensation product (B) having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and a molecular association product (C) of a tetra-substituted phosphonium (X), a compound (Y) having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecule, and a conjugate base of the compound (Y) having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecule, said conjugate base being a phenoxide type compound obtained by removing a hydrogen atom from the aforesaid compound (Y) having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups in the molecule.

Abstract: A modified phenolic hydroxyl-containing resin having a low free difunctional phenol content and represented by general formula (1); a solid epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 450 to 2,500 g/eq and prepared by epoxidizing the above resin; and another solid epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 1,500 to 60,000 g/eq and a number-average molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000 and prepared by reacting the above epoxy resin with a difunctional phenol compound. Resin compositions containing these resins have many applications as powder coatings and can paints. In formula (1), X represents a residue of a difunctional phenol compounds; X's may be the same or different; and n is the number of repeating units and is an integer of 0 or above.

Abstract: A phosphorus-containing polymer having phenolic units and an epoxy rein composition are provided. The epoxy resin composition suitably comprises an epoxy resin and a hardener, wherein the epoxy resin may be obtained by reacting the polymer with epihalohydrin, and the polymer may further act as the hardener.

Abstract: The present invention provides an epoxy resin composition having excellent moldability, flame retardancy and soldering resistance and low in water absorption. More specifically, it provides an epoxy resin composition for semiconductor encapsulation comprising (A) an epoxy resin in which the proportion of the carbon atoms of aromatic derivation to the whole carbon atoms in the epoxy resin is 70% or more, (B) a phenol resin in which the proportion of the carbon atoms of aromatic derivation to the whole carbon atoms in the phenol resin is 70% or more and whose phenolic hydroxy equivalent is 140 to 300, (C) a curing accelerator, and (D) an inorganic filler whose content W (wt %) in the whole epoxy resin composition satisfies 88≦W≦94, characterized in that the combustion starting temperature in thermogravimetric analysis of the cured epoxy resin composition in the air atmosphere is 280° C. or higher, or the retention A (wt %) of the cured product in said TG analysis satisfies W+[0.

Abstract: An inter-laminar adhesive composition containing: (A) a liquid epoxy resin; (B) a polyfunctional epoxy resin having a softening point higher than a lamination temperature of the adhesive and with two or more epoxy groups within the molecule; and (C) a latent epoxy curing agent initiating a reaction at a temperature higher than the lamination temperature; wherein the adhesive composition optionally contains a liquid resin other than component (A) and/or an organic solvent and wherein the liquid resin including component (A), the organic solvent or both constitute from 10 to 55% by weight of the composition, and the use of this interlaminar adhesive composition to prepare a multilayer printed wiring board, and the process for preparing the multilayer printed wiring board are provided.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition for printed wiring boards which comprises as the essential components (a) an epoxy resin obtained by epoxidizing a condensation product of a phenol with hydroxybenzaldehyde, (b) a condensation product of bisphenol A with formaldehyde, (c) a flame retardant, and (d) a curing accelerator, and a laminate for printed wiring boards which has a low hygroscopicity, a high heat resistance, good high-temperature characteristics, a high resistance against electrolytic corrosion, a high resistance against color change due to heating, and a high Tg.

Abstract: An epoxy resin composition contains (A) an epoxy resin, (B) a phenolic resin curing agent, (C) a curing catalyst, and (D) an inorganic filler. The catalyst is a quaternary phosphorus compound or a quaternary phosphorus compound which has been mixed and reacted with a phenolic resin having at least two hydroxyl groups. The composition is effectively flowable, moldable and curable and thus suitable for semiconductor encapsulation.

Abstract: Disclosed in a halogen-free flame-retardant epoxy resin composition, comprising (A) a bisphenol A type epoxy resin, (B) a novolak type epoxy resin, (C) a phenolic resin type curing agent, (D) a curing accelerator, and (E) an inorganic filler. The phenolic resin type curing agent (C) is provided by a nitrogen-containing phenolic resin, preferably, by a co-condensation resin formed by the reaction among a phenolic compound, a guanamine compound, and an aldehyde compound. More desirably, a phenolic resin containing both phosphorus and nitrogen should be used as the curing agent (C). Further, a combination of the co-condensation resin noted above (C-1) and a reactive phosphoric acid ester can be used as a curing agent.

Abstract: A rational technical process for producing dialkylnaphthalenes from petroleum-derived starting materials which exist in abundance is established.

Abstract: A process for preparing a polymer composition useful as a prepreg comprises (a) melt-mixing at least one thermoplastic polymer above the glass transition temperature or melt temperature of the thermoplastic polymer with either (i) an uncured epoxy resin or (ii) an epoxy curing agent or a catalyst; (b) melt-mixing above the glass transition temperature or melt temperature of the thermoplastic polymer, the other of (i) an uncured epoxy resin or (ii) an epoxy curing agent or a catalyst to form a substantially uncured but essentially curable and/or polymerizable composition; (c) optionally forming a shaped product from the melt-mixed composition of (b); and (d) fast-curing and/or fast-polymerizing the optionally formed shaped product.

Abstract: A modified phenolic hydroxyl-containing resin having a low free difunctional phenol content and represented by general formula (1); a solid epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 450 to 2,500 g/eq and prepared by epoxidizing the above resin; and another solid epoxy resin having an epoxy equivalent of 1,500 to 60,000 g/eq and a number-average molecular weight of 3,000 to 15,000 and prepared by reacting the above epoxy resin with a difunctional phenol compound. Resin compositions containing these resins have many applications as powder coatings and can paints. In formula (1), X represents a residue of a difunctional phenol compounds; X's may be the same or different; and n is the number of repeating units and is an integer of 0 or above.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flame-resistant epoxy resin mixture comprising epoxy resins, phosphorus-containing compounds and a hardener, which comprises a phosphorus-containing compound of the formula I or II ##STR1## in which R1 and R2 are identical or different and are a straight-chain or branched alkyl radical of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl or aryl radical or an alkyl- or alkoxy-substituted alkyl radical of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, it also being possible for R1 and R2, together with the P atom, to form a ring, and m and n are 0 or 1, to a process for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: A process for producing a highly reactive low-viscosity modified phenolic resin comprising the steps of polycondensating a petroleum heavy oil or pitch, a formaldehyde polymer, and a phenol in the presence of an acid catalyst to prepare a modified phenolic resin; and reacting the resultant modified phenolic resin with the phenols at a temperature higher than 120.degree. C. and not more than 200.degree. C. in the presence of the acid catalyst to lower the molecular weight of the modified phenolic resin. The highly reactive low-viscosity modified phenolic resin obtained according to this process has high reactivity with epoxy resins and low resin melt viscosity. In addition, this resin can be used for producing a molding material having good moldability and considerably low moisture absorption when combined with an epoxy resin.

Abstract: A composite, polymer bonded abrasive wheel is disclosed for grinding operations and especially for use with multiple station, glass beveling machines. The abrasive wheel breaks in quickly and delivers consistent performance with little or no dressing needed over the entire life of the wheel. In one aspect, the novel abrasive wheel includes a concentrically mounted, annular abrasive rim on a cup shaped hub. The rim can contain an abrasive such as diamond or cubic boron nitride which is embedded in a bonding composition that includes amino aldehyde and phenolic thermoset polymers, a plasticizer, and optionally filler. The hub includes a crosslinkable, strong and rigid, engineering polymer, preferably melamine phenolic thermoset polymer, mixed with spodumene in amount effective to make the coefficient of thermal expansion of the hub match that of the rim. The wheel can be made by simultaneously hot pressing rim and hub preforms and without an additional baking step.

Abstract: The invention relates to flame-resistant epoxy resin mixtures comprising epoxy resins, phosphorus-containing compounds and a hardener, which comprise a phosphorus-containing compound of the formula I or II ##STR1## in which R is a linear or branched alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or is hydrogen, and R' is a linear or branched alkylene, cycloalkylene, arylene or alkylarylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, to a process for their preparation and to their use.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition comprising an acrylic resin-modified epoxy resin (D), which is obtained by the reaction between a mixture of a bisphenol F based epoxy resin (A) and a bisphenol F based phenoxy resin (B) and an acrylic resin having carboxyl functionality (C), said acrylic resin-modified epoxy resin (D) being dispersed into water, preferably by using ammonia or amine, provides a composition with low viscosity, excellent storage stability and excellent application workability. In addition, the coating of the present invention can be applied to an interior surface and the resulting film has a smooth surface, excellent processability, excellent retorting resistant properties, excellent adhesion properties, and excellent corrosion resistant properties.

Abstract: Cyclic acetal derivative of a resole includes the reaction product of an ortho resole compound with a carbonyl compound or a carbonyl compound derivative. The cyclic acetal derivatives of phenolic resole compounds exhibit enhanced storage stability and can be readily activated at elevated temperatures to prepare phenolic based adhesives and coatings.

Abstract: A resin composition for a laminate comprises 100 parts by weight of a polyfunctional epoxy resin (I) obtained by (i)(1) glycidylizing a polycomposite formed from a blend of brominated bisphenol A and bisphenol A, or brominated bisphenol A and formaldehyde; or (2) a mixture of a polyfunctional epoxy resin and a bisphenol A-advanced epoxy resin reacted with brominated bisphenol A in a hydroxyl:epoxy equivalent ratio of from 0.05-0.5:1 and (ii) a bisphenol A-formaldehyde phenolic resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 1,000-10,000 in a hydroxyl:epoxy equivalent ratio with respect to epoxy resin (i) of from 0.7-1.2:1; and (II) from 1-60 parts by weight of a straight chain polymer (c) such as a poly(ether)sulfone, aromatic polyester, phenoxy resin, polyparabanic acid, polyetherimide or polyphenylene sulfide.

Abstract: A halogen-free resin mixture comprising an epoxy resin, a hardener, a flame retardant as well as additives, a self-extinguishing prepreg composed of this resin mixture as well as its advantageous application, particularly as an insulation material. The halogen-free resin mixture being composed of:a) 20-60 weight % epoxy resin;b) 20-60 weight % phenolic novolak hardener;c) 5-65 weight % zinc borate as flame retardant; andd) 0-30 weight % additives.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of tripotassium citrate monohydrate and other alkali metal salts of polybasic acid as bench life extenders in heat curable hot box foundry mixtures comprising sand, thermosetting binder resin, and a latent acid catalyst composition. In one embodiment, the thermosetting binder resin is a phenolic resole resin modified with urea formaldehyde resin. In another embodiment, the thermosetting binder resin is a furfuryl alcohol resin modified with urea formaldehyde resin.