Abstract: The invention relates to a cosmetic composition which includes at least one polysaccharide derived from bacteria of hydrothermal origin. This polysaccharide can consist of an exopolysaccharide which is derived from fermenting the said bacteria. This composition can be applied, in particular, to everyday care products for all types of skin.

Abstract: This invention is in the area of methods and compositions for the inhibition of the expression of VCAM-1 and, in particular, for the treatment of diseases mediated by VCAM-1, including cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Novel quinones are provided, as well as compositions comprising these novel quinones. Methods of using the novel quinones in treatment of various indications including cancer are also provided.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of long-chain polyether polyols without working up, in which oligomeric, alkoxylated starter compounds having molecular weights of 200 to 1000 are first obtained by catalysis with perfluoroalkylsulfonates of the metals of group III A of the periodic system of elements (in accordance with the IUPAC convention of 1970) from low molecular weight starters by reaction with alkylene oxides at reaction temperatures of 80 to 200° C. and catalyst concentrations of 5 to 200 ppm, which oligomeric, alkoxylated starter compounds are then converted without working up and removal of the catalyst by means of highly active DMC catalysts at a catalyst concentration of 30 ppm or below, relative to the quantity of polyether polyol to be produced, by reaction with alkylene oxides into higher molecular weight, long-chain polyether polyols.

Abstract: Disclosed are derivatized malto-oligosaccharides and methods for the preparation thereof. In accordance with the disclosed invention, a malto-oligosaccharide is hydrogenated to thereby obtain a hydrogenated malto-oligosaccharide, and the resulting hydrogenated malto-oligosaccharide is derivatized, such as via oxidation, esterification, etherification, or enzymatic modification. The derivatization of such hydrogenated malto-oligosaccharides results in a surprisingly low level of a formation of by-products and products of degradation. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, a mixture of malto-oligosaccharides is catalytically hydrogenated under reaction conditions suitable to substantially preserve the degree of polymerization (DP) profile of the mixture. The resulting malto-oligosaccharide mixture then is derivatized to form a derivatized malto-oligosaccharide mixture.

Abstract: Compositions comprising alkoxylated lipophilic polyol compounds, e.g., ethoxylated, esterified methyl glucosides, are disclosed wherein at least 5% of the polyol derivatives have about three moles of the lip ophilic substituent per mole of polyol. Quite advantageously, the disclosed polyol derivatives can be dissolved into aqueous solutions to provide liquid thickeners suitable for thickening surfactant-containing compositions, e.g., shampoos, at cold processing temperatures.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel synthetic processes for the preparation of &agr;Gal(1→4) &bgr;Gal(1→4)Glc-OR trisaccharides.

Abstract: Galactosylated hydroxyalkyl polysaccharides wherein galactose moieties are bound to the hydroxyalkyl polysaccharide by galactosidic bonds, and a process for preparing the galactosylated hydroxyalkyl polysaccharides having the steps: a) providing at least one hydroxyalkyl polysaccharide; and b) treating said hydroxyalkyl polysaccharide with a galactose donor in the presence of galactosidase enzyme for a time sufficient to convert at least a portion of said hydroxyl groups to galactosides.

Abstract: The invention relates to sophoroselipids of formula (I) wherein R4 represents H, —CH2CH3, —CH2CH2CH3, n is an integer number from 2 to 27, R1 and R2 represent, independently from each other, H or a group of formula (II), and R3 represents H or —OH. The invention also relates to a method for producing sophoroselipids of formula (I) wherein R1, R2, R3 and n have the aforementioned meanings and R4 represents —CH3, —CH2CH3 or —CH2CH2CH3. According to this method, a yeast capable of secreting a sophoroselipid in the form of a lactone in the culture excess, is fermented in a culture medium containing a glycerin. a succinate, a mono-, di- and/or tri-saccharide and a lipid precursor, said sophoroslipid being then isolated from the culture solution. The inventive method is characterised in that the lipid precursor contains one or more 3-alkanols, 4-alkanols or an alkanone with a chain length from 6 to 30 carbon atoms or mixtures of said alkanoistalkanone.

Abstract: It is possible to prepare cationic derivatives of fructans, such as inulin, in which a nitrogen atom having substituents R1, R2 and R3 is bonded to one or more anhydrofructose units via a straight-chain or branched C2-C6 alkylene group, which is optionally preceded by a carbonyl group or interrupted by one or two oxygen atoms or imino or alkylimino groups and optionally substituted by one or two hydroxyl groups or amine groups or a carboxyl or carbamoyl group, the substituents R1, R2 and R3 having the following meaning: R1 and R2 each represent hydrogen, methyl carboxymethyl, phosphonomethyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, propyl, isopropyl, allyl, hydroxypropyl or dihydroxypropyl or, together with the nitrogen atom, form a cyclic group, R3 represents hydrogen, C1-C18 alkyl, C3-C18 alkenyl, alkynyl or cycloalkyl, C4-C18 cycloalkyl-alkyl or C7-C18 aralkyl or is bondedvia an alkylene group to an oxygen atom of a subsequent anhydrofructose unit.

Abstract: A method is provided for covalently linking carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules under neutral conditions, using a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction. In an example, activated carbon-carbon double bonds were attached to free amino sites of a carrier protein, and a conjugated diene was attached to a carbohydrate hapten. Spontaneous coupling of the carbohydrate and the protein components under very mild conditions provided glycoconjugates containing up to 37 carbohydrate hapten units per carrier protein molecule. The method is also applicable to the immobilization of biomolecules on gel or solid supports. The conjugated products are useful as immunogens and as analytical and diagnostic reagents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel process for the crystallization of lactitol, to a particulate crystalline lactitol product having novel properties, to the use thereof as in foodstuffs, pharmaceuticals and oral hygiene products, as well as to special lactitol sweeteners. The process comprises: contacting a liquid containing dissolved lactitol with gas suspended fine solid particles containing microcrystalline lactitol; causing substantial removal of the solvent component of said liquid and allowing the resulting lactitol material to form an essentially solid composition of matter comprising a multitude of microcrystals of lactitol; and causing said lactitol composition to be conditioned during a further step to provide a product consisting essentially throughtout its entire structure of a multitude of microcrystals of lactitol agglomerated together in a random manner.

Abstract: A cyclodextrin composition of substantially pure, sulfated-cyclodextrin derivatives particularly suitable as chiral resolving agents for enantioseparation by electrophoresis. The cyclodextrin composition preferably have an isomeric purity of at least 80 mole %. Non-sulfato substituents for the substantially pure cyclodextrin derivatives are hydrogen, C1-C12 alkyl groups, C2-C8 hydroxyalkyl groups, C1-C12 alkylnitryl groups, C2-C12 acyl groups, aryl groups, carbamate groups, thiocarbamate groups or combinations thereof.

Abstract: A continuous process for the formation of sucrose based polyols is disclosed. The process comprises the steps of continuously forming an aqueous sucrose solution which is continuously combined with a catalyst and an alkylene oxide and flowed through a first spiral reaction tube. The alkylene oxide substantially completely reacting with the aqueous sucrose solution occurs to form a pre-polymer reaction product in the first spiral reaction tube. The pre-polymer reaction product is continuously flowed from the first reaction tube and unreacted water from the pre-polymer reaction product is removed. The water stripped pre-polymer reaction product is continuously flowed through a second spiral reaction tube and additional alkylene oxide is continuously added to the second spiral reaction tube. The alkylene oxide reacts with the pre-polymer reaction product in the second spiral reaction tube to form a polyol.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel double metal cyanide (DMC) catalysts for the preparation of polyether polyols by polyaddition of alkylene oxides to starter compounds containing active hydrogen atoms, wherein the catalyst contains a) double metal cyanide compounds, b) organic complex ligands other than c), and c) polyalkylene glycol sorbitan esters. The catalysts according to the invention have greatly increased activity in the preparation of polyether polyols.

Abstract: Thioketals and thioethers are provided that inhibit the expression of VCAM-1, and which can be used in the treatment of VCAM-1 mediated diseases including inflammatory disorders, cardiovascular diseases, occular diseases, autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders, and cancer. The compounds also can be used to treat hyperlipidemia and/or hypercholesterolemia.

Abstract: A method for treatment of skin includes topical application of a composition containing a therapeutically effective amount of a 1,3-beta-glucan ether derivative. Such application effectively provides treatment and/or prophylaxis of various skin-related problems, such as neurodermatitis and psoriasis, and reduces the evidence of aging by minimizing wrinkles. In an advantageous embodiment, the glucan ether derivative is present in the composition in a range of concentration of about 0.002% to about 8% by weight. In another embodiment the glucan ether derivative is advantageously carboxymethyl glucan sodium salt.

Abstract: A process for making neutral sugar surfactant granules involving: (a) providing a water-containing alkaline sugar surfactant selected from the group consisting of an alkyl oligoglycoside, an alkenyl oligoglycoside, a fatty acid-N-alkyl polyhydroxyalkylamide, and mixtures thereof; (b) providing a thin-layer evaporator or dryer having rotating internals; (c) neutralizing the water-containing alkaline sugar surfactant to a pH of from 6.8 to 7.5 to form a neutralized water-containing sugar surfactant; (d) introducing the neutralized water-containing alkaline sugar surfactant into the thin-layer evaporator or dryer; and (e) drying the water-containing alkaline sugar surfactant in the thin-layer evaporator or dryer until it has a residual water content below 2% by weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of perbenzylated 1-O-glycosides of general formula I or salts thereof 1

Abstract: A compatible cosmetic composition for treating keratin substances comprising a cationic guar gum which contains a cationic group selected from the group consisting of amino, ammonium imino, sulfonium or phosphonium groups and wherein the cationic content is represented by a DS of from about 0.25 to 1.0 and an effective surfactant amount of at least one non-ionic or anionic surfactant.

Abstract: Novel compounds of formula (I):

Abstract: The present invention relates to derivatives of phosphorylated carbohydrates and pharmaceutical compositions comprising as a pharmaceutically active ingredient at least one of these compounds.

Abstract: D-mannoside-6-phosphate compounds having anti-inflammatory activity are disclosed, and use thereof in treating inflammatory diseases, particularly cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The invention concerns a new lipoteichoic acid which can be isolated from the new Streptococcus sp DSM 8747. The new LTA is called LTA-T. It has a lipid anchor, which is a galacto-furanosyl-beta-1-3-glycerol with different rests of fatty acids esterified in the two adjacent hydroxy groups in the glycerol moiety and a non-glycosylated, linear, unbranched GroP chain with an unusual short hydrophilic GroP chain. The hydrophilic backbone consists of only 10 glycerophosphate units esterified with D-alanine in an extent of 30%. The invention further concerns a pharmaceutical composition with the new LTA-T, optionally together with a monokine and/or hyaluronidase, a method of treating cancer comprising administration of an antitumor effective amount thereof, a method of producing the new compound and the new pharmaceutical composition, two degradation products of the new LTA-T and their use, and the new Streptococcus strain from which the new compound can be isolated.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of nucleoside dimers containing an L-sugar in at least one of the nucleosides.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for enhancing the toughness, e.g., resistance to cracking upon flexation, of coatings made from cycloaliphatic epoxide derivatives wherein the cycloaliphatic epoxide derivative is a cycloaliphatic epoxide ester of a hydroxy-functional compound containing at least one branched, 1,2-alkylene oxide unit. Processes for making the cycloaliphatic epoxide derivatives and coating formulations comprising the cycloaliphatic epoxide derivatives are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a gelling agent comprising at least one sugar compound selected from the group consisting of sugar compounds represented by the formula (1) and sugar compounds represented by the formula (2). wherein R1 and R2 are the same or different and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, and p is 0 or 1. The gelling agent of the invention is very useful as a gelling agent for an aqueous medium.

Abstract: O-glycan is released from a glycoconjugate with a substantially anhydrous hydrazine reagent, the glycoconjugate being substantially salt-free and substantially anhydrous. Released O-glycan is recovered in substantially unreduced and intact form using a chromatographic material.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycophospholipid and peptide-phospholipid conjugates comprising a phospholipid moiety and a saccharide or peptide moiety joined by an ether linkage comprising a secondary or tertiary amine. The conjugate structure of the invention comprises a flexible spacer arm between the phospholipid and saccharide or peptide moieties which, being variable in length, serves to optimize saccharide or peptide bioactivity. This invention further provides a method for the synthesis of such conjugates comprising the step of reductive amination. The method is efficient, economical and provides a high yield of product. Glycophospholipid and peptide-phospholipid conjugates of the invention can be incorporated and, optionally, chemically polymerized in self-assembling systems such as membranes, bilayers, films, liposomes and the like, and find utility diagnostically and therapeutically in medical and immuno-biological applications.

Abstract: This invention provides lipids having: 1) a glycerol backbone; 2) a hydrocarbon chain, preferably saturated and containing 16 or 18 carbon atoms, attached to C-1 of the backbone by an ether linkage; 3) a methyl group attached to C-2 of the backbone, preferably by an ether linkage; and, 4) a sugar attached to C-3 of the glycerol backbone in either the alpha or beta anomeric configuration, the sugar being altered by modification of, or substitution for, one or more of its hydroxyl groups. Also provided herein are ether-lipid-containing compositions, as well as methods of administering such compositions to animals, for example, those afflicted with cancers, as well as various other diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Reaction at the interface of an organic solution containing an acidic reactant and an aqueous alkaline solution containing nonreducing carbohydrates such as sucrose, sugar alcohols, cyclodextrins, and polysaccharides imparts a specificity to the reaction for one or more of the primary alcohol groups of the carbohydrate reactant. The resulting activated, nonreducing carbohydrate intermediate can then be converted to a series of substantially pure, low molecular weight reaction products, including a sucrose trimer and dianhydrosucrose, and to a series of substantially pure, higher molecular weight reaction products, including 6-O-sucro cyclodextrins and poly-6-O-sucro amylose.

Abstract: Novel glycosides, especially steroidal and non-steroidal glycosides are provided. The steroidal and non-steroidal glycosides preferably are prepared from aglycons which possess valuable properties such as pharmacological properties. The glycosides are prepared from useful aglycons and possess useful properties which are the same as those of their respective unglycosylated aglycons. The glycosides are provided in acylated and deacylated form. The acylated glycosides after hydrolysis of the acyl groups possess enhanced water solubility properties, as illustrated in the case where the aglycon is acetominophen.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for synthesizing a compound having the structure: ##STR1## wherein R is H, as well as related oligosaccharides useful as a vaccine for inducing antibodies to human breast cancer cells in an adjuvant therapy therefor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the hydroformylation of terminal and internal olefins in a two-phase system using novel metal catalysts. The two-phase system consists of an aqueous and an organic phase. The metals belong to group VIII of the Periodic Table, e.g., Rh, Ru, Ir, Co or Pd. The ligands for the metals are novel phosphane-modified .beta.-cyclodextrins which are water-soluble.

Abstract: A novel process for making an alkylpolyglycoside comprises reacting a monosaccharide with an alcohol in the presence of a binary sulfate catalyst under heat. The particular binary sulfate catalyst is a mixture of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and inorganic base at a normal ratio of about 0.7:1 to 1.1:1 of H.sub.2 SO.sub.4 to inorganic base. Also the alkylpolyglycoside product from the reaction mixture can be isolated so that the alkylpolyglycoside process contains less than 5 weight percent free alcohol, and further separated into a white, free flowing powder of high DP (degree of polymerization) alkylpolyglycoside and a low DP alkylpolyglycoside paste.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycophospholipid and peptide-phospholipid conjugates comprising a phospholipid moiety and a saccharide or peptide moiety joined by an ether linkage comprising a secondary or tertiary amine. The conjugate structure of the invention comprises a flexible spacer arm between the phospholipid and saccharide or peptide moieties which, being variable in length, serves to optimize saccharide or peptide bioactivity. This invention further provides a method for the synthesis of such conjugates comprising the step of reductive amination. The method is efficient, economical and provides a high yield of product. Glycophospholipid and peptide-phospholipid conjugates of the invention can be incorporated and, optionally, chemically polymerized in self-assembling systems such as membranes, bilayers, films, liposomes and the like, and find utility diagnostically and therapeutically in medical and immuno-biological applications.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel method for the preparation of an organo-polysiloxane-grafted polysaccharide compound which is particularly useful as an additive ingredient in various types of cosmetic and toiletry preparations. The method utilizes a reaction between epoxy groups of a diorganopolysiloxane, e.g., dimethylpolysiloxane, terminated at a single molecular chain end with a 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)ethyl group and carboxyl groups in a carboxyl group-containing polysaccharide compound such as hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose phthalate and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose acetate succinate dissolved in an organic solvent. The reaction proceeds efficiently without addition of any catalytic compounds almost quantitatively under moderate reaction conditions.

Abstract: Reaction at the interface of an organic solution containing an acidic reactant and an aqueous alkaline solution containing nonreducing carbohydrates such as sucrose, sugar alcohols, cyclodextrins, and polysaccharides imparts a specificity to the reaction for one or more of the primary alcohol groups of the carbohydrate reactant. The resulting activated, nonreducing carbohydrate intermediate can then be converted to a series of substantially pure, low molecular weight reaction products, including a sucrose trimer and dianhydrosucrose, and to a series of substantially pure, higher molecular weight reaction products, including 6-O-sucro cyclodextrins and poly-6-O-sucro amylose.

Abstract: The invention relates to nucleoside dimers containing an L-sugar in at least one of the nucleosides and their pharmaceutical compositions.

Abstract: Azidohalogenobenzyl derivatives of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein A is a halogen atom, B is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom, and X is a group reactive with a hydroxy group, methods of protecting hydroxy group(s) using said derivatives, and sugar compounds wherein a hydrogen atom of at least one hydroxy group is substituted by an azidohalogenobenzyl group. According to the present invention, there are provided novel derivatives capable of introducing a group into a compound having hydroxy group(s), which group is useful as a stable hydroxy-protecting group even in solid phase synthesis for the purpose of the extension of sugar chain under continuous acidic conditions and of being removed under mild conditions; sugar compounds protected by using said derivatives; and methods of protecting hydroxy group(s) using said derivatives.

Abstract: A process for separating, in the liquid phase, a reaction mixture which comprises a first chlorinated sucrose and at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of at least one other chlorinated sucrose different from said first chlorinated sucrose, salt and solvent, by injecting said reaction mixture onto a fixed bed of solid adsorbent and treating with a desorbent such that:(a) the first chlorinated sucrose passes through the adsorbent into a first recoverable product stream rich in said first chlorinated sucrose at a rate, which is different than the rate at which,(b) at least one of said additional components passes through the adsorbent into at least a second recoverable stream rich in said additional component.

Abstract: A process for preparing high detergency or surfactant alkyl polyglycoside compositions and a purified alkyl monoglycoside and to compositions employing the polyglycosides for various end use applications. The process involves removal of a substantial portion of the monoglycoside present in a reaction product mixture containing alkyl polyglycosides resulting from the reaction of an alcohol and saccharide at elevated temperatures in the presence of an acid catalyst. Separation of the monoglycoside from the reaction product mixture may be carried out by molecular distillation.

Abstract: There are disclosed certain amino or azido cyclodextrin ethers, which have similar or improved properties to known cyclodextrins. The novel compounds are substituted cyclodextrins having substituents comprising amino, azido, aralkoxycarbonylamino and certain ether-linked aminoalkyl, azidoalkyl, or alkenyl groups. Also disclosed are processes for preparing such compounds.

Abstract: A mineral absorption promoting agent containing oligouronic acid, e. g. oligogalacturonic acid or oligomannuronic acid ?degree of polymerization (n)=1 to 9! is described. Since this oligouronic acid ?polymerization degree (n)=1 to 9! forms a complex with mineral, it promotes absorption of minerals into living organisms by simply adding it to foods, drinks or pharmacentical compositions for oral use. Since the agent has no problem with safety, the agent is suitable for repeated eating, drinking or taking, and the agent is very effective.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the solvent-free preparation of sucrose fatty acid esters, their mixtures with nonsugar polyol fatty acid esters, and in particular of sucrose glycerides. In a first process step, sucrose is reacted with fatty acid alkyl esters in the presence of basic catalyst at reduce pressure and elevated temperature. In a further reaction step, the reaction mixture obtained above is reacted at reduced pressure and elevated temperature with 0.1 to 0.5 mol of polyol per mole of fatty acid alkyl ester employed and then filtered. The products of the process according to the invention have very high sucrose ester contents. They are free of undesired, unreacted alkyl ester.

Abstract: The present invention provides an inexpensive and sensitive device and method for detecting and quantifying analytes present in a medium. The device comprises a metalized film upon which is printed a specific, predetermined pattern of a analyte-specific receptors. Upon attachment of a target analyte to select areas of the plastic film upon which the receptor is printed, diffraction of transmitted and/or reflected light occurs via the physical dimensions and defined, precise placement of the analyte. A diffraction image is produced which can be easily seen with the eye or, optionally, with a sensing device.

Abstract: A process for making a mixture of polyol and at least one additional reaction component for the manufacture of polyol fatty acid polyesters comprises co-milling the polyol and the additional reaction component. The co-milling reduces the particulate size of the polyol and the additional reaction component while creating particles which include an admixture of polyol and the additional reaction component. The co-milled mixture of polyol and additional reaction component can be used, for example, as a feed stream for the transesterfication reaction of the polyol to produce a polyol fatty acid polyester.

Abstract: Disclosed are novel synthetic processes for the preparation of the trisaccharide .alpha.Gal(1.fwdarw.4).beta.Gal(1.fwdarw.4)Glc-OR compounds.

Abstract: A novel surfactant of formula I:R.sub.1 O(R.sub.2 O).sub.b (Z).sub.a OCH.sub.2 COO.sup.- X.sup.+Iwherein R.sub.1 is a monovalent organic radical having from about 6 to about 30 carbon atoms; R.sub.2 is divalent alkylene radical having from 2 to 4 carbon atoms; Z is a saccharide residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms; b is a number having a value from 0 to about 12; a is a number having a value from 1 to about 6; and X is an alkali metal ion.