Abstract: New and valuable polycyclic compounds which contain nitrogen-containing rings and have a strong action on plants, agents for influencing plant growth containing these compounds, and a method of influencing plant growth with these compounds.

Abstract: New reactive asymmetrical dicarboxylic acid ester compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl radical containing up to 3 carbon atoms or is a digoxin or digitoxin residue, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be the same or different, are alkoxy radicals containing up to 3 carbon atoms or together represent an oxygen atom, X is a cyanomethoxy, succinimide-N-oxy, N-methyl-pyridiniumoxy, 2,4-dinitrophenoxy, 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy, pentachlorophenoxy, phenylthio, p-nitrophenoxy, n-nitrophenylthio, piperidyl-N-oxy, phthalimido-N-oxy or benztriazol-N-oxy radical and n is 2, 3, 4 or 5, are useful for the preparation of reagents for the investigation of cardiac glycosides (Digitalis glycosides).

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 denotes aryl, alkyl, aralkyl, styryl or alkoxy,R.sub.2 denotes hydrogen, cyano, carboxyl or alkoxycarbonyl, inter alia,R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 denote hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy or halogen,R.sub.5 denotes hydrogen, alkyl or aryl,R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 denote hydrogen, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkyl or aralkyl,A.sup..crclbar. denotes an anion,w denotes the valency of the anion A andn denotes 0 or 1,are outstandingly suitable for optically brightening synthetic fibre materials, in particular acrylic fibres.The new brighteners are prepared and used in accordance with methods which are in themselves known.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I): ##STR1## and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 which may be the same or different, represent hydrogen, halogen, nitro, lower alkyl, or lower alkoxy, or any adjacent two of R.sub.1 to R.sub.4 taken together represent an alkylene group containing from 3 to 5 carbon atoms or a 1,4-buta-1,3-dienylene group are disclosed together with a method for their preparation. The compounds are useful as anti-allergic agents. With the exception of 4,9-dioxo-1H-naphtho-[2,3-d]-triazole, and its salts, all compounds of formula (I) are novel.

Abstract: Tricyclic nitrogenous compounds having strong plant growth regulating properties are disclosed. The compounds display the general formula ##STR1## wherein A is one of several nitrogen-containing radicals, R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are selected from various recited aliphatic, aryl, araliphatic and heterocyclic groups. R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 may also together form one of a number of nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen containing radicals. These compounds have a variety of uses, including the reduction of plant growth height without harm to the plant.

Abstract: A novel process for the amidation or esterification which comprises reacting a compound having a carboxy group with a compound having an amino or imino group which can be acylated or with a compound having a hydroxy group in the presence of a sulfonic acid ester of the formula:R.sub.1 --SO.sub.2 --OR.sub.2wherein R.sub.1 is an organic group and R.sub.2 O-- is a residue of a strongly acidic N-hydroxy compound as a condensation agent, and a novel sulfonic acid ester useful as such a condensation agent and a process for the preparation thereof.

Abstract: The invention is a method for the control of undesirable broadleaf weeds and grass weeds. More particularly, the invention relates to a method for controlling undesirable weeds by applying to the foliage thereof or to soil containing seeds of the undesirable weeds, a herbicidally effective amount of a 1H-benzotriazole or 2H-benzotriazole compound.

Abstract: The invention relates to heterocyclic ester compounds which have been found to be extremely effective ultraviolet stabilizers. The invention also relates to ultraviolet degradable organic compositions containing an amount of a heterocyclic ester composition to prevent such degradation. These stabilizers are effective in the presence of other additives commonly employed in polymeric compositions including, for example, pigments, colorants, fillers, reinforcing agents and the like. These ultraviolet stabilizers may also be incorporated into the organic compositions such as polymers by adding to the polymer melt or dissolved in the polymer dope, coated on the exterior of the shaped or molded article, film or extruded fiber.

Abstract: A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an organic solvent mixture containing an organic amine at a pH over 10 in the presence of noble metal hydrogenation catalyst, preferably palladium. High yields of pure product are obtained with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-products and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.

Abstract: A two stage reductive ring closure of o-nitrophenylazophenols produces 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles by (a) reacting an organic solvent solution of azophenol with an excess of an aqueous solution of a sulfhydrate or sulfide to form an N-oxide and (b) reducing the N-oxide with an alkali metal hydroxide plus zinc or tin.

Abstract: A process for producing benzotriazoles of the formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen or chlorine,R.sub.2 is hydrogen, chlorine, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.9 alkoxycarbonyl, carboxyl or sulfo,R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, phenyl, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl)-phenyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.9 alkoxycarbonyl, chlorine, carboxyethyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 phenylalkyl,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy, chlorine or hydroxyl, andR.sub.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl, chlorine, C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cycloalkyl or C.sub.7 -C.sub.9 phenylalkyl,which process comprises treating a benzotriazole-N-oxide of the formula II ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 have the above meanings, at a temperature of 20.degree.-150.degree. C., with an amine; or treating an o-nitroazobenzene of the formula III ##STR3## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.

Abstract: A process for the production of 2-aryl-2H-benzotriazoles comprises reducing and cyclizing the corresponding o-nitroazobenzenes with hydrogen at a temperature in the range of about 20.degree. C. to about 100.degree. C. and at a pressure in the range of about 15 psia (1 atmosphere) to about 1000 psia (66 atmospheres) in an alkaline medium at a pH over 10 in the presence of a nickel catalyst, preferably molybdenum-promoted Raney nickel. High yields of pure product are obtained directly with a concomitant reduction of undesired by-product and a reduction in effluent pollution problems.

Abstract: New and valuable polycyclic compounds which contain nitrogen-containing rings and have a strong action on plants, agents for influencing plant growth containing these compounds, and a method of influencing plant growth with these compounds.

Abstract: The compound which corresponds to the formula ##STR1## is suitable for the preparation of azo dyestuffs.

Abstract: Lubricant compositions containing oleaginous materials and, in amounts sufficient to impart antioxidation properties thereto, additives selected from the group consisting of ethers and esters of 1-hydroxybenzotriazole.

Abstract: Novel carbonic acid esters are disclosed which are useful in a process for introducing esterified carboxy-type protective groups on amino and/or imino groups in amino and/or imino group-containing compounds for the temporary protection of said amino and/or imino groups. Additionally, processes for preparing said esters are also disclosed. .Iadd.