Abstract: Subject-matter of the present invention are novel 3-ketocoumarins, a process for their preparation and their use as photoinitiators in photopolymerization reactions, advantageously in photopolymerization reactions for inkjet printing inks. The invention also concerns a process for the photopolymerization of compositions also comprising said 3-ketocoumarins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a crystalline Form A of Compound 1, also referred to as Granaticin B, and pharmaceutically compositions thereof. The present invention also provides methods of treating a microbial infection, or a disease, disorder, or condition associated with abnormal cellular proliferation, using crystalline Form A of Compound 1 or pharmaceutical compositions thereof.

Abstract: A method of screening for a plant defense activator, which enhances an immune response of a plant, from at least one candidate substance includes: contacting a plant cell in which a jasmonic acid-dependent defense pathway and a salicylic acid-dependent defense pathway of a plant defense system are capable of working independently from each other, with a candidate substance; contacting the plant cell with a trigger material that induces an immune response; and assaying the plant cell after contacting with the trigger material based on an index representing an immune response, to select a target substance that enhances an immune response of the plant. A method of enhancing an immune response of a plant includes use of a specific compound, and a plant immune response enhancer includes the specific compound.

Abstract: A pharmaceutical composition for treating disorders associated with insulin resistance is disclosed, and the composition comprises at least one inhibitor which is an effective agent to suppress endothelin-1-stimulated resistin gene expression through decreasing the endothelin-1-stimulated phosphorylation of proteins downstream of endothelin type A receptor, wherein the downstream signaling molecules comprise ERK1/2, JNKs, AKT, and STAT3 proteins, and wherein the inhibitor is selected from at least one antagonist of the endothelin type A receptor or downstream signaling proteins.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sterol derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having an activity to promote proliferation of neural stem cells. Namely, the present invention provides a sterol derivative represented by the general formula (I) (wherein Y represents optionally substituted lower alkyl or the like; Xa and Xb are the same or different, and represent a bond or the like; R1, R2, R3, R4, R7 and R8 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom or the like; R5 and R6 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom or the like; R9 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R10 and R11 together represent a bond or the like; and R12 represents a hydrogen atom or the like) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel chemical compounds, to methods for synthesis of such compounds, and to the use of these novel compounds in the synthesis of other chemical compounds that, inter alia, may be used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, and for eliciting enhancing effects on sexual behavior. The invention also relates to remarkable biological properties of the novel compounds in their capacity of inducing aggressive behavior.

Abstract: Pest controlling compositions exhibiting enhanced pesticidal activity levels and methods for preparing the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method includes providing a liquid composition that includes at least one pesticide and at least one co-ingredient that enhances pesticidal activity of the composition compared to a composition dissimilar only in not having the at least one co-ingredient. The at least one co-ingredient may include at least one metal oxide, a combination of at least one transition metal salt and at least one proteinaceous material or a combination of at least one proteinaceous material and at least one polymeric material. The method further includes spray drying the liquid composition to provide a solid composition. In one aspect of this embodiment, the solid composition provided by the spray drying exhibits enhanced pesticidal activity compared to the liquid composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides simple, rapid methods and procedures for analyzing cells, hereunder quantitative and qualitative assessment of cells. The present invention relates to the use of N-(9-acridinyl)maleimide (NAM) or to the use of 7-diethylamino-3-((4?-(iodoacetyl)amino)phenyl)-4-methylcoumarin (CPI), particularly detectable upon its reaction with species (e.g., sulphur-containing species) present in higher concentrations in intact (e.g., living) cells than in non-intact (e.g., dead) cells. The present invention also relates to the use of NAM or to the use of 7-diethylamino-3-((4?-(iodoacetyl)amino)phenyl)-4-methylcoumarin (CPI), particularly detectable upon its reaction with species present in intact and/or non-intact cells. Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of measuring techniques and/or instruments coupled with the use of NAM or with the use of 7-diethylamino-3-((4?-(iodoacetyl)amino)phenyl)-4-methylcoumarin (CPI).

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods for activating the TrkB receptor are provided. The methods include administering in vivo or in vitro a therapeutically effective amount of a compound containing four six-membered rings and a substituted or unsubstituted C5 or C6 heteroaryl or heterocycloalkyl ring and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and derivatives thereof. Specifically, methods and compounds for the treatment of disorders including neurologic, neuropsychiatric, and metabolic disorders are provided. For example, a method is provided of treating or reducing the risk of depression, anxiety, or obesity in a subject, which includes selecting a subject with or at risk of developing depression, anxiety, or obesity, and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the described compounds.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is a novel molecule, Simalikalactone E, which can be extracted from the plant Quassia amara, and also the use thereof as a medicament, in particular in the prevention and treatment of malaria.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical or dermo-cosmetic compositions for topical and intravaginal application for treatment of human and veterinary affections caused by anaerobic organisms or parasites are provided comprising quassinoids or plant extracts containing these phytochemicals, in effective amounts. Such compositions can be administered topically or intravaginally to patients in need thereof in various pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition including a polar organic extract of Eurycoma longifolia and a fraction derived from the polar organic extract, said composition comprising of quassinoids, coumarins, their glycosides, analogues and derivatives, which exhibits bioactivity of increasing spermatozoa production and spermatozoa quality in terms of morphology and motility, as well as increasing testosterone synthesis and release from cells of males. The extraction method of E. longifolia plant to produce the polar organic extract, and the subsequent purification to produce the fraction of polar organic extract containing the quassinoids, coumarins, their glycosides, analogues and derivatives, and uses for manufacturing a preparation for infertility treatment are also provided. The fraction of polar organic extract containing the quassinoids, coumarins, their glycosides, analogues and derivatives is formulated for medical applications via several routes of administration.

Abstract: The present application discloses an acid labile lipophilic molecular conjugate of cancer chemotherapeutic agents and methods for reducing or substantially eliminating the side effects of chemotherapy associated with the administration of a cancer chemotherapeutic agent to a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: Use of cell autophagy (type II cell apoptosis) inhibitors for preventing and/or treating avian influenza, injury of lungs caused by avian influenza virus or nanometer materials. The cell autophagy (type II cell apoptosis) inhibitors are selected from 3-methyladenine, SB203580, LY294002, and or wortmannin. The injury of lungs includes acute respiratory distress syndrome. The avian influenza virus is H5N1, H5N2 or H9N2 avian influenza virus. The nanometer materials include PAMAM G3, G4, G5, G5.5, G6, G7, or G8.

Abstract: There is provided a one-step process for producing a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound by a photodimerization reaction of a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound. The process comprises subjecting a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound to a photodimerization reaction in a solvent selected from aliphatic ketones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxylic acid esters having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic nitriles having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ethers having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, amides having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a mixture thereof to obtain a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sterol derivative or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof having an activity to promote proliferation of neural stem cells. Namely, the present invention provides a sterol derivative represented by the general formula (I) (wherein Y represents optionally substituted lower alkyl or the like; Xa and Xb are the same or different, and represent a bond or the like; R1, R2, R3, R4, R7 and R8 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom or the like; R5 and R6 are the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom or the like; R9 represents a hydrogen atom or the like; R10 and R11 together represent a bond or the like; and R12 represents a hydrogen atom or the like) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods for activating the TrkB receptor are provided. The methods include administering in vivo or in vitro a therapeutically effective amount of a compound containing four six-membered rings and a substituted or unsubstituted C5 or C6 heteroaryl or hetero-cycloalkyl ring and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and derivatives thereof. Specifically, methods and compounds for the treatment of disorders including neurologic, neuropsychiatric, and metabolic disorders are provided. For example, a method is provided of treating or reducing the risk of depression, anxiety, or obesity in a subject, which includes selecting a subject with or at risk of developing depression, anxiety, or obesity, and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the described compounds.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (1) for connecting/disconnecting a submersible connector (100) provided with a male portion (101) and a female portion (102), to a related connection/disconnection method, as well as to the various potential uses of said device. The device includes means (11, 12) for moving at least one of said male or female portions of the connector (100) between a connection position and a disconnection position and vice versa, and is characterized in that it further includes a system (16) for injecting a fluid (20) around the male (101) and female (102) portions of the connector (100) when the latter passes from the connection position thereof to the disconnection position thereof and vice versa, in order to insulate the same from the water surrounding the connector (100), the injection system (16) being located outside the connector (100).

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel compound contained in blue rose. This novel compound, which is contained in blue rose, has a chemical structure represented by general formula (I): [wherein R1 is a group as set forth in claim 1; and R2 represents —OH, or R1 and R2 together form —O—]. Also disclosed are a rose plant containing the aforesaid compound, and a part of the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating Hepatitis C, comprising the roots extract of Platycodon grandiflorum and/or saponin components in Platycodon grandiflorum useful as an antiviral agent. The composition of the present invention has no harm to human and inhibits the proliferation of Hepatitis C virus, so that it can be effectively used as a preventive or therapeutic agent for Hepatitis C.

Abstract: Novel metabolites of wortmannin and wortmannin analogs and their use in inhibiting PI-3 kinase activity in mammals and the treatment and prevention of cancer or tumor formation in a subject are described herein.

Abstract: Based on the discovery that celastrol and gedunin are Hsp90 inhibitors, the present invention provides novel inhibitors of Hsp90. and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, derivatives, and compositions thereof. The invention provides two classes of compounds. One class includes celastrol and its derivatives. The other class includes gedunin and its derivatives. The present invention further provides methods for treating disorders wherein Hs?90 inhibition is desired (e.g., proliferative diseases, cancer, inflammatory diseases, fungal infections, etc.) comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an inventive compound to a subject in need thereof. Celastrol, gedunin, and derivatives thereof are particularly useful in the treatment of prostate cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung cancer, and leukemia.

Abstract: Novel compounds and methods for activating the TrkB receptor are provided. The methods include administering in vivo or in vitro a therapeutically effective amount of a compound containing four six-membered rings and a substituted or unsubstituted C5 or C6 heteroaryl or hetero-cycloalkyl ring and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, prodrugs, and derivatives thereof. Specifically, methods and compounds for the treatment of disorders including neurologic, neuropsychiatric, and metabolic disorders are provided. For example, a method is provided of treating or reducing the risk of depression, anxiety, or obesity in a subject, which includes selecting a subject with or at risk of developing depression, anxiety, or obesity, and administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of the described compounds.

Abstract: Gossypol and apogossypol derivatives of general formula (1), preparation thereof and use thereof.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for activating PLTP gene expression include administering an effective amount of a limonoid.

Abstract: Ectracts and pharmaceuticals form Neobeguea mahafalenstis, the procedures for their preparation, and their use for eliciting sexual enhancing effect and for treatment of sexual dysfuntion, in particular erectile dysfunction and hypoactive desire disorders are disclosed. The structures of the chemical compounds in these extracts causing secual enhancing effect, the preparation of these compounds and the parmaceuticals prepared from them are disclosed.

Abstract: This invention is related to heteroatom containing diamondoids (i.e., “heterodiamondoids”) which are compounds having a diamondoid nucleus in which one or more of the diamondoid nucleus carbons has been substitutionally replaced with a noncarbon atom. These heteroatom substituents impart desirable properties to the diamondoid. In addition, the heterodiamondoids are functionalized affording compounds carrying one or more functional groups covalently pendant therefrom. This invention is further related to polymerizable functionalized heterodiamondoids. In a preferred aspect of this invention the diamondoid nuclei are triamantane and higher diamondoid nuclei. In another preferred aspect, the heteroatoms are selected to give rise to diamondoid materials which can serve as n- and p-type materials in electronic devices can serve as optically active materials.

Abstract: There is provided a one-step process for producing a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound by a photodimerization reaction of a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound. The process comprises subjecting a hydroxy-substituted coumarin compound to a photodimerization reaction in a solvent selected from aliphatic ketones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic carboxylic acid esters having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic alcohols having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aliphatic nitriles having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, ethers having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, amides having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and a mixture thereof to obtain a dihydroxy-substituted coumarin dimer compound.

Abstract: Provided herein are inhibitors of CYP17 enzyme. Also described herein are pharmaceutical compositions that include at least one compound described herein and the use of a compound or pharmaceutical composition described herein to treat androgen-dependent diseases, disorders and conditions.

Abstract: It is intended to detect, concentrate and purify aflatoxins of all types which are possibly contained in a sample such as a food. It is also intended to detect the total amount or the individual amounts thereof at a high sensitivity. By using aflatoxin B2 or its derivative as a hapten compound, an antibody, which shows the same reactivity to individual aflatoxin analogs and is highly tolerant to organic solvents, is obtained. Then, a detection/concentration/purification means and an immunological detection means with the use of the above antibody are constructed. The detection means thus constructed achieves a high sensitivity and excellent quantification properties.

Abstract: Disclosed are compounds that are derivatives of brevetoxin, or PbTx, pharmaceutical formulations comprising the compounds, and methods of regulating mucus transport in a cell, treating mucociliary dysfunction and diseases related to decreased mucus transport, wherein the compounds are of the Formula (I), and Formula (III): wherein R, R1, R2, R3, A, n, and Y are as defined herein for each compound.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device which uses, as a luminescence-assisting agent, a novel coumarin derivative with a specific structure. The coumarin derivative effectively accelerates in such an organic EL device the transfer of excited energy in a host compound to a guest compound. Thus, the coumarin derivative affords the organic EL device which is superior in a color purity, luminescent efficiency and life expectancy when used in combination with appropriate host and guest compounds.

Abstract: Alpha-methylenelactone is produced from butyrolactone and valerolactone by the addition of formaldehyde in a supercritical fluid.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent (EL) device which contains a novel coumarin derivative composed of a coumarin ring, a naphthalene ring with one or more hydrocarbon groups, and a five-membered hetero ring condensed with the naphthalene ring so as to give an electronic resonance through the coumarin and naphthalene rings. The coumarin derivative emits a visible luminescence with a satisfactory color purity, which consistently continues over a long period of time even at an elevated temperature when used in such an organic device.

Abstract: A molecular conjugate is provided having the formula: wherein R1 is a de-hydroxyl or de-amino moiety respectively of a hydroxyl-bearing or amino-bearing biologically active molecule or an analog or derivative thereof, and Z is —O— or —NH—, respectively, Y is a straight or branched alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons that may be optionally substituted with one or more phenyl, a cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more alkyl or phenyl, or an aromatic group optionally substituted with one or more alkyl groups, electron-withdrawing groups, or electron-donating groups; and R2 is —CH?CH(W), —CH(OH)CH(OH)W, or —C(O)H, where W can be H, a straight or branched alkyl having 1 to 20 carbons that may be optionally substituted with one or more phenyl, a cycloalkyl optionally substituted with one or more alkyl or phenyl, or an aromatic group optionally substituted with one or more alkyl groups, electron-withdrawing groups, or electron-donating groups.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a medicament, a food, a beverage or a feed, each comprising as an effective ingredient a compound having an enhancing action for NGF production, which is effective for a treatment, an amelioration of symptom, prevention or the like of a disease requiring enhancement of NGF production, wherein the compound has a coumarin and/or chroman backbone. Since no toxicity is especially found in the effective ingredient of the present invention, and there is no risk of incidence of adverse actions, the treatment or the like of the above disease can be safely and appropriately carried out.

Abstract: A novel class of antitumour compounds has been recognised based on the isolation from a new marine microbe, strain PO13-046, belonging to the genus Actinomadura sp.), of a compound designated IB-00208. The class of the formulae (I) or (II) where R1 can be hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, benzyl, alkali metal, and/or sugar, and R2 and R3 can be hydrogen, alkyl, or together R2 and R3 form an unsaturated bond. Such compounds demonstrate an interesting activity several cancel cell lines and against Gram-positive bacteria.

Abstract: A method of isolating terpene trilactones from Ginkgo biloba plant material or extract comprising the steps of suspending the plant material or extract in either water or an aqueous solution of an oxidation reagent; extracting the terpene trilactones using an acceptable extraction agent; separating the organic layer from the aqueous layer; washing the organic layer with an acceptable aqueous salt or hydroxide solution, which may be an alkaline solution; and drying the organic layer to form a dried extract containing terpene trilactones. Further purification by treatment with or filtration over activated charcoal, by treatment with or filtration over alumina and by recrystallization with an acceptable solvent or solvent mixture leads to extracts with a content of terpene trilactones higher than 50%. Unwanted levels of ginkgolic acids are reduced to acceptable levels by reversed phase chromatography.

Abstract: A novel class of antitumour compounds has been recognised based on the isolation from a new marine microbe, strain PO13-046, belonging to the genus Actinomadura sp.), of a compound designated IB-00208. The class of the formulae (I) or (II) where R1 can be hydrogen, acyl, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, benzyl, alkali metal, and/or sugar, and R2 and R3 can be hydrogen, alkyl, or together R2 and R3 form an unsaturated bond. Such compounds demonstrate an interesting activity several cancel cell lines and against Gram-positive bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention includes purified and isolated quassinoids and synthetically derived quassinoid analogs based on a picrasane carbon skeleton. Novel sidechains at C-15 incorporating water solubilizing agents such as glycine are discussed. Therapeutic methods taking advantage of anticancer, antiviral, and herbistatic properties of these quassinoids are disclosed, including use against solid tumors and human immunodeficiency virus infected cells.

Abstract: A polymeric compound for photoresist of the invention includes at least one monomer unit represented by following Formula (I): 1

Abstract: The present invention is directed to gambogic acid, analogs and derivatives thereof, represented by the general Formulae I-III: 1

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining Physalis angulata extracts, particularly to isolate ergostane-type steroidal derivatives, such as physalins, which are useful in the treatment of infections caused by protozoans. The physalins of the invention have also prophylactic and therapeutic properties for treating auto-immune diseases in mammals.

Abstract: Disclosed are new organometallic complex molecules having light-emitting and electron-transporting characteristics. Also disclosed is organic EL (electroluminescent) devices using these organometallic complex molecules as electron-transporting materials. The organometallic complex molecules are used to form a light-emitting layer with or without doping of another light-emitting material. The organometallic complex molecules can also be used in an electron-transporting layer of the organic EL device. The organic EL devices incorporating the organometallic complex molecules have high thermal stability.

Abstract: A method for preparing 1,2-dihydroquinolines that is more flexible than the Skraup reaction is provided. The method comprises treating an ortho-alkenyl aniline with a ketone in the presence of a Lewis acid. Novel intermediates and products of this method useful as steroid receptor modulators, as well as pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use thereof are also claimed.

Abstract: Described are novel photochromic benzopyrano-fused naphthopyran compounds, examples of which are naphthopyran compounds having a substituted or unsubstituted benzopyran group fused to one side of the naphtho portion of the naphthopyran and having certain substituents at the position ortho to the oxygen atom of the naphthopyran ring. These compounds may be represented by the following: ##STR1## Also described are polymeric organic host materials that contain or that are coated with such compounds or combinations thereof with complementary photochromic compounds, e.g., certain other naphthopyrans, benzopyrans, and spiro(indoline)type compounds.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound in substantially pure form having the structure: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 may independently be hydrogen, halogen, nitro, CF.sub.3, hydroxy, C.sub.1-5 alkyl, aryl or OR.sub.9, wherein R.sub.9 is C.sub.1-5 alkyl, wherein R.sub.10 is COC.sub.1-5 alkyl; or wherein any two consecutive R groups may be members of a C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 membered ring, and wherein the intracyclic-dashed line represents a covalent bond which may be present or absent, with the proviso that when R.sub.10 is present, the exocyclic-covalent bond is absent, and when R.sub.10 is absent, the exocyclic-covalent bond is present, and with the proviso that when R.sub.10 is absent, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 cannot all be hydrogen and when R.sub.10 is absent, R.sub.5, R.sub.6, R.sub.7, and R.sub.8 cannot all be hydrogen when either R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, or R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention includes purified and isolated quassinoids and synthetically derived quassinoid analogs based on a picrasane carbon skeleton. Novel sidechains at C-15 incorporating water solubilizing agents such as glycine are discussed. Therapeutic methods taking advantage of anticancer, antiviral, and herbistatic properties of these quassinoids are disclosed, including use against solid tumors and human immunodeficiency virus infected cells.

Abstract: The present invention includes purified and isolated quassinoids and synthetically derived quassinoid analogs based on a picrasane carbon skeleton. Novel sidechains at C-15 incorporating water solubilizing agents such as glycine are discussed. Therapeutic methods taking advantage of anticancer, antiviral, and herbistatic properties of these quassinoids are disclosed, including use against solid tumors and human immunodeficiency virus infected cells.

Abstract: Hybridization method for discriminating between complementarity and partial complementarity of DNA base sequences. Kinetic covalent entrapment of PCR-amplified target DNA is achieved through the use of crosslinkable probes. A crosslinking site is introduced into the target DNA via the PCR amplification process. Problems with renaturation of target DNA in the PCR process and in the hybridization reaction are minimized.