Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## the symbols have the meaning described in the specification have retinoid-like biological activity.

Abstract: Novel polycyanate compositions containing one or more mesogenic moieties as lateral substituents are disclosed which provide improved processability relative to polycyanates containing one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain of the molecule. Molecular level ordering of the resulting thermosets is maintained much similar to that found thermosets of polycyanates which have one or more mesogenic moieties in the main chain.

Abstract: A polycyclic aromatic compound having the formula ##STR1## and its salts have useful therapeutic and cosmetic action particularly in psoriasis. In the formula,X represents --CH.dbd.CH--, O or S,R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, branched alkyl having 3-15 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1-6 carbon atoms or 1-adamantyl, R.sub.2 represents hydroxy, hydrogen, linear or branched alkyl having 1-15 carbon atoms Or alkoxy having 1-6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are not simultaneously hydrogen, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 together with the adjacent carbon atoms of the naphthalene ring form a 5 or 6 chain ring optionally substituted by at least one lower alkyl radical, or interrupted by an oxygen atom,R.sub.3 represents --CH.sub.2 OH or --COR.sub.4, or --CH.sub.3 when R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 taken together form a 5 or 6 chain ring,R.sub.4 represents --OR.sub.5 or ##STR2## R.sub.

Abstract: Anomeric 2,2-difluororibosyl azide and amine intermediates which are useful for the preparation of 2'-deoxynucleosides, and processes thereto, are provided. Processes for preparing 2'-deoxynucleosides also are provided.

Abstract: N-[Mercaptoacyl(amino acid or peptide)] compounds and S-lipophilic aliphatic carbonyl derivatives thereof, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds, as well as the use of these compounds as antihypertensives by the inhibition of neutral endopeptidase and/or peptidyldipeptidase A are disclosed. Methods for preparing the such compounds and derivatives are disclosed also.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (1) ##STR1## are described wherein Y is a halogen atom or a group --OR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted alkyl group; X is --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sup.6)--, where R.sup.6 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sup.2 is an optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, is each a group --(CH.sup.2).sub.n Ar, where Ar is a monocyclic or bicyclic aryl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms and n is zero or an integer 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.5 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group; and the salts, solvates, hydrates and N-oxides. Compounds according to the invention are potent, selective and orally active PDE IV inhibitors and are useful in the prophylaxis and treatment of asthma.

Abstract: A compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein Y, R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4 and R.sub.5 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides cleavable conjugates whose linkers contain a labile bond that is cleavable under a variety of mild conditions, including weakly acidic. Since the agent may be bonded directly to the linker, cleavage can result in release of native agent. The invention also provides methods for producing cleavable conjugates. Preferred agents include drugs, toxins, biological response modifiers, radiodiagnostic compounds, radiotherapeutic compounds, and derivatives thereof. The targeting molecule employed in the invention may be an intact molecule, a fragment thereof, or a functional equivalent thereof. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the targeting molecule is a monoclonal antibody directed towards a tumor-associated antigen in man. The invention further provides methods for delivering to the cytoplasm of a target cell an agent free of its targeting molecule carrier.

Abstract: Anomeric 2,2-difluororibosyl azide and amine intermediates which are useful for the preparation of 2'-deoxynucleosides, and processes thereto, are provided. Processes for preparing 2'-deoxynucleosides also are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a propargylcarbinol compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined herein. The process comprises reacting a haloallylcarbinol compound of formula (II) with a base. The present invention also relates to a process for producing the haloallylcarbinol compound. The above propargylcarbinol compound is useful as an intermediate for agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, resin monomers, and the like.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula I ##STR1## and their pharmaceutical acceptable salts, which are defined herein, are ligands for cholecystokinin and/or gastrin receptors.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently hydrogen, halo, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyhaloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, alkylthioalkynyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkylthioalkyl, alkylsulfinylalkyl, alkylsulfonylalkyl, amino, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy or cyanomethyl, nitro, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl or cyano;Y is alkylene of 3 to 9 carbon atoms;R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxy, hydroxy, cycloalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyhaloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxy, alkylthioalkyl, alkanoyl, alkanoyloxy, alkylsulfinylalkyl, alkylsulfonylalkyl, aminoalkyl, alkylaminoalkyl, dialkylaminoalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, cyanomethyl, fluoroalkyl, cyano, phenyl, alkynyl, alkene, or halo;R.sub.5 is alkoxycarbonyl, alkyltetrazolyl, phenyl or a heterocycle;or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof; N-oxides thereof, are useful as antipirconaviral agents.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, branched chain alkyl or cycloalkyl of 3 to 15 carbons, lower alkyl substituted cycloalkyl of 3 to 15 carbons; R.sub.4 is lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbons, branched chain alkyl or cycloalkyl of 3 to 15 carbons or lower alkyl substituted cycloalkyl of 3 to 15 carbons; X is S or O; Y is a phenyl group, or heteroaryl selected from a group consisting of pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl and oxazolyl, said groups being substituted with the R.sub.5 group defined above; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, lower branched chain alkyl having 3-6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3-6 carbons, alkenyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds, alkynyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 triple bonds; B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR.sub.8, CONR.sub.9 R.sub.10, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.11, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides photoactive sulfonium salts which can be employed as photoinitiators for the polymerization of cationically polymerized organic substances and are soluble in these substances.

Abstract: Process of treatment of mammals, including humans to treat diseases or conditions of the type which are normally treated with retinoid-like compounds is disclosed, with pharmaceutical compositions containing an active compound which is a selective agonist of the RXR retinoid receptor sites in preference to the RAR retinoid receptor sites. A compound is defined to be a selective agonist of the RXR receptor site if the compound is at least approximately ten times more effective as an agonist in the RXR receptor sites than in the RAR receptor sites.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing (E)-alkoxyiminoacetamide compounds useful as agricultural fungicides and a process for producing (E)-hydroxyiminoacetamide compounds useful as intermediates for producing them. The present invention also relates to an industrial process for producing (E)-methoxyiminoacetamide compounds useful as agricultural fungicides. This process is advantageous in terms of the cost, safety and the like.

Abstract: 2,5-Diaryl tetrahydrofurans, 2,5-diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes, 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrofurans, 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrothiophenes, 1,3-diaryl cyclopentanes, 2,4-diaryl pyrrolidines, and 2,5-diaryl pyrrolidines are disclosed that reduce the chemotaxis and respiratory burst leading to the formation of damaging oxygen radicals of polymorphonuclear leukocytes during an inflammatory or immune response. The compounds exhibit this biological activity by acting as PAF receptor antagonists, by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, or by exhibiting dual activity, i.e., by acting as both a PAF receptor antagonist and inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.A method to treat disorders mediated by PAF or leukotrienes is also disclosed, that includes administering an effective amount of one or more of the above-identified compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl of 1-6 carbons, halogen or lower alkoxy of 1-6 carbons; R.sub.5 and R.sub.5 ' independently are hydrogen or lower alkyl of 1-6 carbons; Y is oxygen or sulfur; Z is n-alkyl having 1-10 carbons, cyclo or branch-chained alkyl of 3-10 carbons, and straight chain alkenyl having 2-10 carbons, or cyclo or branched chained alkenyl of 3-10 carbons; X is thienyl, pyridyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl and oxazolyl; A is (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, lower branched chain alkyl having 3-6 carbons, cycloalkyl having 3-6 carbons, alkenyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 double bonds, alkynyl having 2-6 carbons and 1 or 2 triple bonds; B is hydrogen, COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, COOR.sub.8, CONR.sub.9 R.sub.10, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.11, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.11, CHO, CH(OR.sub.12).sub.2, CHOR.sub.13 O, --COR.sub.7, CR.sub.7 (OR.sub.12).sub.2, or CR.sub.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid, tetrahydrofurfurylacetic acid and the C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.12 -aralkyl esters thereof, propane-1,2,3-trimethanol, 3-methyltetrahydrofuran, 3-(2'-hydroxyethyl)tetrahydrofuran, 4-hydroxymethyltetrahydropyran, 2-methyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone and/or 3-methyl-.gamma.-butyrolactone, comprises reacting citric acid or the C.sub.1 - to C.sub.20 -alkyl or C.sub.7 - to C.sub.12 -aralkyl esters thereof on hydrogenation catalysts in non-aqueous solvents at from 50.degree. to 400.degree. C. and at from 1 to 400 bar.

Abstract: 2,5-Diaryl tetrahydrofurans, 2,5-diaryl terahydrothiophenes, 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrofurans, 2,4-diaryl tetrahydrothiphenes, 1,3-diaryl cyclopentanes, 2,4-diaryl pyrrolidines, and 2,5-diaryl pyrrolidines are disclosed that reduce the chemotaxis and respiratory burst leading to the formation of damaging oxygen radicals of polymorphonuclear leukocytes during an inflammatory or immune response. The compounds exhibit this biological activity by acting as PAF receptor antagonists, by inhibiting the enzyme 5-lipoxygenase, or by exhibiting dual activity, i.e., by acting as both a PAF receptor antagonist and inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase.A method to treat disorders mediated by PAF or leukotrienes is also disclosed, that includes administering an effective amount of one or more of the above-identified compounds or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, optionally in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl; A is pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl; n is 0-5; and B is H, --COOH or an ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH or an ether or ester derivative thereof, or --CHO or an acetal derivative thereof, or --COR.sub.1 or a ketal derivative thereof where R.sub.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 where m is 0-4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: .beta.-hydroxyketones are prepared by reacting an aldehyde with acetone in the presence of perhydroisoindole or pyrrolidine and water. The resulting .beta.-hydroxyketone is further reacted in the presence of a solvent mixture to produce .alpha.-.beta.-unsaturated ketones.

Abstract: Anti-inflammatory 4-substituted 2-furanones are made from intermediates having the formulas: ##STR1##

Abstract: A sulfonyl compound of the formula ##STR1## The above illuminated formula (I) undergo bimolecular condensation by the condensing agents and easily form simple metal salts especially metal complexes which act as combatting viruses and inhibiting tissue growth.

Abstract: An efficient and commercially-viable method for the stereoselective transformation of a diol to an alcohol is disclosed. The present method is particularly well-suited for the preparation of the unnatural D-isomer of malic acid or its derivatives from the abundant naturally occurring L-tartaric acid or derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Retinoid like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 -R.sub.3 independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl, A and B independently are hydrogen, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkenyl, SR.sub.4 or OR.sub.4 where R.sub.4 is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl or lower alkenyl; Y is selected from a group consisting of furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, thiazolyl or oxazolyl; E is lower alkenyl, lower alkynyl, lower cycloalkyl, lower branched chain alkyl, or is characterized by the formula (CH.sub.2).sub.n where n is 0-5, and Z is H, OH, OR.sub.5, OCOR.sub.5, --COOH or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH, CH.sub.2 OR.sub.6, CH.sub.2 OCOR.sub.6, or --CHO, CH(OR.sub.7).sub.2, CHOR.sub.8 O, or COR.sub.9, CR.sub.9 (OR.sub.7).sub.2, CR.sub.9 OR.sub.8 O where R.sub.5 is lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R.sub.6 is lower alkyl, phenyl or lower alkylphenyl, R.sub.7 is lower alkyl, R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing a propargylcarbinol compound of formula (I): ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are as defined herein. The process comprises reacting a haloallycarbinol compound of formula (II) with a base. The present invention also relates to a process for producing the haloallylcarbinol compound. The above propargylcarbinol compound is useful as an intermediate for agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, resin monomers, and the like.

Abstract: A cycloadduct of the formula ##STR1## is prepared by reacting 2,2'-(2,5-furandiyldimethylidine)bis-propanedinitrile with 8-methoxypheptafulvene to form a tetrahydroazulene intermediate and then heating a solution of the tetrahydroazulene intermediate in a boiling solvent to drive off methanol.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optically active 2-methylenepentane derivative represented by the general formula ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1 is a protective group for hydroxyl, R.sup.3 is a protective group for hydroxyl, X is a halogen atom or R.sup.4 SO.sub.3 group (wherein R.sup.4 is an alkyl or an aryl), and the symbol * represents an asymmetric carbon atom).

Abstract: A process for producing furylpropargylcarbinol or a derivative thereof represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl, wherein comprises subjecting a haloallylfurylcarbinol or a derivative thereof represented by the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 represents a hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.2 represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, to a dehydrohalogenation reaction with a base in a reaction solvent. Furylpropargylcarbinol and a derivative thereof produced according to the process of the present invention are very important as intermediates of agricultural chemicals, perfumes and medicines, and particularly applicable to intermediates of prallethrin.

Abstract: Metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) formation of copper oxide superconductor materials. Various source reagents of Group II elements suitable for high temperature superconductor (HTSC) material formation are described, including beta-diketonates, cyclopentadienyls, alkyls, perfluoroalkyls, alkoxides, perfluoroalkoxides, and Schiff bases, as well as complexes of such Group II compounds, utilizing monodentate or multidentate ligands to provide additional coordination to the Group IIA atom, so that the resulting complex is of enhanced volatility characteristics, and enhanced suitability for MOCVD applications. Also disclosed are methods of synthesizing such compounds and complexes, including a method of making Group II metal beta-diketonate compounds having enhanced thermal stability characteristics. Further disclosed are a vertical inverted reactor for chemical vapor deposition, and various methods of processing applied metal oxide films for enhanced HTSC character.

Abstract: A herbicidal hydroxyethyl-cyclopropyl-azolyl derivative of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents halogen, phenyl or the grouping --Z-R.sup.3, whereinZ represents oxygen, sulphur, SO or SO.sub.2 andR.sup.3 represents alkyl, phenyl or benzyl,R.sup.2 represents alkenyl, optionally substituted furyl, optionally substituted thienyl or the radical of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sup.4 represents difluoromethoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-chloro-ethoxy, cyano, formyl, alkoximinoalkyl, carbalkoxy, dialkoxyalkyl, phenoxyalkyl which is optionally substituted in the phenyl moiety by halogen, or benzyloxy which is optionally substituted in the phenyl moiety by halogen andR.sup.5 represents hydrogen or halogen, orR.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are linked in the ortho-position and together represent --O--CH.sub.2 --O--, orR.sup.2 represents the radical of the formula ##STR3## in which R.sup.6 represents difluoromethoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy or 1,1,2-trifluoro-2-chloro-ethoxy, orR.sup.

Abstract: Compounds of formula I ##STR1## where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each hydrogen or methyl, A is an ethylene or methylene radical which is unsubstituted or substituted by methyl, hydroxyl or oxo,L is a saturated or unsaturated five-membered or six-membered heterocyclic structure which is unsubstituted or substituted by hydroxyl, mercapto, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl, or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkanoyl and has from 1 to 3 heteroatoms from the group consisting of N, O and S, the second and third heteroatoms being a nitrogen atom,R.sup.3 is hydrogen, a hydroxy or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkoxy group,R.sup.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, halogen or methoxy,R.sup.5 is hydrogen or methoxy or tert-butyl,R.sup.6 is hydrogen methyl, nitrile or a C.sub.2 -C.sub.10 -ketal group or the radical --CHR.sup.7 OR.sup.8 --CHR.sup.7 --NR.sup.9 R.sup.10, --COR.sup.11, --SR.sup.12, ##STR2## in which R.sup.7 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl,R.sup.8 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: Methods are provided for producing isomerically enriched camphorsulfonates, and in particular a diastereomerically enriched glycidyl camphorsulfonate by bromide-casylate exchange between an alkyl casylate and the bromide analog of the desired casylate, followed by separation of a higher melting diastereomer by selective recrystallization. There is also shown the production of a desired casylate by reacting a racemic or enantiomerically enriched arenesulfonate with a quaternary casylate. Randomization and recycling of an isomerically enriched casylate is provided by reaction with an achiral bromide analog in the presence of a quaternary salt. Specially adapted apparatus for conducting the randomization reaction is provided. There is also shown a process for producing an alkyl casylate by the reaction of a metal casylate and a quaternary casylate with a trialkyl phosphite in the presence of a slight molar excess of sulfuric acid.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula I or Ia ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkenyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, aryloxy, fluoroalkyl, halogenoaryl, alkynyl, trialkylsilyl or a heteroaromatic radical,R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, in addition to hydrogen, have the meanings given under R.sup.1 andR.sup.5 is hydrogen, alkyl, fluoroalkyl or alkenyl, can be obtained in a one-stage process by reaction of a compound II ##STR2## with (substituted) cyclopentadiene in the presence of a base. The compounds I and Ia are suitable as ligands for metallocene complexes which are used as catalysts in olefin polymerization.

Abstract: A process for producing furylpropargylcarbinol or a derivative thereof represented by the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl, wherein comprises subjecting a haloallylfurylcarbinol or a derivative thereof represented by the formula (II): ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or methyl and R.sup.2 represents chlorine, bromine or iodine, to a dehydrohalogenation reaction with a base in a reaction solvent. Furylpropargylcarbinol and a derivative thereof produced according to the process of the present invention are very important as intermediates of agricultural chemicals, perfumes and medicines, and particularly applicable to intermediates of prallethrin.

Abstract: This invention relates to a compound of the formula: ##STR1## or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof wherein X is oxgen, sulfur, --CH.dbd.CH--or --CH.dbd.N--; wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl of about 1 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein R is --CO.sub.2 R.sup.2, tetrazole, methylsulfonamide or benzenesulfonamide, wherein R.sup.2 is hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a pharmaceutically acceptable cation and R.sup.3 is hydroxyl or halogen, having utility as LTB.sub.4 synthesis inhibitors.

Abstract: Retinoid-like activity is exhibited by compounds of the formula ##STR1## where R is hydrogen or lower alkyl; A is pyridyl, thienyl, furyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl or pyrazinyl; n is 0-5; and B is H, --COOH or an ester or amide thereof, --CH.sub.2 OH or an ether or ester derivative thereof, or --CHO or an acetal derivative thereof, or --COR.sub.1 or a ketal derivative thereof where R.sub.1 is --(CH.sub.2).sub.m CH.sub.3 where m is 0-4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: An imidazo [1,2-b]pyridazine compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a halogen atom or a lower alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are, independently, a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group optionally having substituent(s), a cycloalkyl group or a phenyl group optionally having substituent(s) or R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 together with the adjacent nitrogen atom to which they bond may form a heterolcyclic ring optionally having substituent(s), X is an oxygen atom or S(O).sub.k (k is zero to two), a group --.circle.A-- is a bivalent three to seven membered homocyclic or heterocyclic group optionally having substituent(s), m.sup.1 and m.sup.2 each is an integer of 0 to 4 and n is an integer of 0 or 1; or its salt, which is useful as antiasthmatics.

Abstract: Vinyl ethers of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical to or different from one another, each being hydrogen, straight-chain or branched alkyl or alkenyl of up to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl or cycloalkylene of from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, aryl, alkylaryl, alkenylaryl, aralkyl and aralkenyl of from 6 to 16 carbon atoms, halogen-substituted aryl or heterocyclyl, and in addition the radicals R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or R.sup.1 and R.sup.3, together with the carbon atom to which they are bonded, can form a cycloalkane, cycloalkene or a heterocycle, and R.sup.4 is alkyl, alkylaryl or aralkyl, are prepared by eliminating an alcohol from an acetal/ketal of the formula ##STR2## where R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3 and R.sup.

Abstract: New furans and lactones from streptomycetes, a process for the preparation thereof, and the use thereof.It is possible with the aid of various streptomycetes species to prepared new compounds having a furan or lactone structure. These compounds have a pharmacological, especially antibiotic, action.

Abstract: Process for ring opening compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 is heteroaryl or aryl, R.sup.2 is a leaving group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, heteroaryl and alkenyl, provided that at least one of the groups R.sup.3 to R.sup.6 is other than hydrogen, by breaking the bond joining the carbon atom attached to R.sup.3 and the carbon atom attached to R.sup.6 in organic solution using silica, giving useful diene or allyl derivatives, certain of which are novel.

Abstract: This invention encompasses novel analogs of Leukotriene B.sub.4 which are selected from a compound of formula I, B--C.apprxeq.C--CH.sub.2 C(M.sub.2)--C.apprxeq.C--Y--C(M.sub.1)--A, or formula II, B--C.apprxeq.C--CH.sub.2 C(M.sub.2)--C.apprxeq.C--P--R.sub.5 --A: wherein Y is: ##STR1## wherein P is: ##STR2## Patentable intermediates, process for making the novel analogs and intermediates and preparation of useful pharmacological agents comprising the analogs and intermediates are part of this invention.

Abstract: Substituted naphthacenediones of the formula I ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 to R.sup.8 are H and at least one of R.sup.1 to R.sup.8, for example R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 or R.sup.2 and R.sup.6, are, for example, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 alkenoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkylsulfinyl, --CN, --CF.sub.3, --NO.sub.2, --Si(CH.sub.3).sub.3 or --COO(C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 alkyl), are suitable, when incorporated into polymers having hydroxyalkyl groups, for currentless deposition of metals onto the polymer surface. They are in some cases suitable as photoinitiators.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process of making tetrahydrofuran of the formula (D) ##STR1## resulting in 2,5-diaryltetrahydrofuran PAF antagonists of pharmaceutically acceptable purity.

Abstract: The present invention refers to dicyanovinylsubstituted furan derivatives, processes for their production and their application. The new furan derivatives are represented by the general formula ##STR1## wherein x.sup.1 and x.sup.2 are equal or different and stand for H, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, halogen, NO.sub.2 or CN.In the general formula I, n may be 0 or 1. In case of n=0, A means e.g. --CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1 (with e.g. R.sup.1 .dbd.H, alkyl or aryl).The compounds according to this invention can be used directly or in the form of their cycloadducts in several applications of electro-optical fields, e.g. for the manufacture of optical data recording systems or organic (electron) conducting materials or electron-transfer catalysts.

Abstract: Process of preparation of secondary or tertiary alcohols by the action of an organic halide on metallic manganese, in the presence of a carbonyl compound in a solvent followed by hydrolysis; a compound of a metal of Groups II to VIII of the Periodic Classification of the Elements, less electropositive than manganese, is present in the reaction medium.

Abstract: This invention relates to (R)-.alpha.-methyl-4-halobenzenemethanamine salts of epimers of acids of the formula ##STR1## and the use of these salts to separate these epimers. These acids are leukotriene antagonists.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a specifically substituted tetrahydrofuran of the formula (I) ##STR1## wherein Ar is a pyridyl, dimethoxy-pyridyl or a dimethoxy-pyrazinyl group, R.sup.4 is an alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl or alkylsulfonyl containing group, Y is an alkyl or substituted alkyl group, R.sup.6 is an alkyl or a substituted alkyl and the substituents at positions 3, 4 and 5 are acyclic.

Abstract: Carbohydrates, especially aldose or ketose sugars, including those whose carbonyl group is masked by hemi-acetal or hemi-ketal formation, are decarbonylated by heating the feed carbohydrate together with a transition metal complex in a suitable solvent. Also, primary alcohols, including sugar alditols are simultaneously dehydrogenated and decarbonylated by heating a mixture of rhodium and ruthenium complexes and the alcohol and optionally a hydrogen acceptor in an acceptable solvent. Such defarbonylation and/or dehydrogenation of sugars provides a convenient procedure for the synthesis of certain carbohydrates and may provide a means for the conversion of biomass into useful products.