Abstract: The present invention provides a salt represented by the formula (I): wherein Q1 and Q2 independently each represent a fluorine atom or a C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl group, L1 represents a C1-C17 divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, L2 represents a single bond or a C1-C6 alkanediyl group in which one or more —CH2— can be replaced by —O— or —CO—, Y represents a C3-C18 alicyclic hydrocarbon group which can have one or more substituents, and one or more —CH2— in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group can be replaced by —O—, —CO— or —SO2—, and Z+ represents an organic counter ion.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for removing an alkanol impurity from a stream containing a dialkyl carbonate and the alkanol impurity, comprising contacting the stream with an aryl group containing ester and a catalyst to effect reaction of the alkanol impurity with the aryl group containing ester.

Abstract: A printing or coating composition has a non-volatile liquid vehicle carrying a conductive polymer to be deposited on a substrate and is cleavable by heat or acidification without decomposition of said material, cleavage of said vehicle producing decomposition products that are more volatile than said vehicle and which can be evaporated to dry the composition. Suitably, that vehicle is a carbonic acid diester or a malonic acid diester, e.g. of the formula: wherein R2 is an organic substituent such that R2—OH is a volatile alcohol; R1 is an aliphatic or aromatic substituent of more than three carbon atoms such that is volatile; and R3 is C1-3 alkyl.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of fluoroethylene carbonate or difluoroethylene carbonate by reaction of ethylene carbonate and F2 or for the manufacture of fluoromethyl methyl carbonate or difluorinated dimethyl carbonate by reaction of dimethyl carbonate and F2 is described wherein such fluorination process is performed continuously.

Abstract: A lithium sulfur battery comprising an electrolyte solvent which comprises at least one fluorosubstituted compound is described. Preferred fluorosubstituted compounds which are predominantly solvents are notably selected from the group consisting of fluorosubstituted carboxylic acid esters, fluorosubstituted carboxylic acid amides, fluorosubstituted fluorinated ethers, fluorosubstituted carbamates, fluorosubstituted cyclic carbonates, fluorosubstituted acyclic carbonates, fluorosubstituted ethers, perfluoroalkyl phosphoranes, fluorosubstituted phosphites, fluorosubstituted phosphates, fluorosubstituted phosphonates, and fluorosubstituted heterocycles. Monofluoroethylene carbonate, cis-difluoroethylene carbonate, trans-difluoroethylene carbonate, 4,4-difluoroethylene carbonate, trifluoroethylene carbonate, tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 4-fluoro-4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 4-fluoro-4-ethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-methyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl-fluoromethyl carbonate are preferred.

Abstract: This invention publishes new usages of kinds of carbonic ester compounds. The new usage described in this invention is related to the application of carbonic ester compounds in the preparation of solvents for chemiluminescent systems. This invention also provides luminescent compositions, luminescent liquids and oxidized liquids that contain carbonic ester compounds. Chemiluminescent compositions containing carbonic ester compounds can decrease reaction pressure effectively, facilitate reaction balance heading to luminescence reaction, generate larger luminescent output without adding catalyst, decrease the dosage of catalyst or not need adding catalyst, decrease influences of over-high output at the reaction start caused by catalyst on whole luminescent time, and ensure stable light output from luminescent compositions. Carbonic ester compounds, especially long carbon chain carbonic ester, have the characters of non-toxic and high flash point, and have suitable solubility on ordinary bis oxalate ester.

Abstract: This invention pertains generally to prostacyclin analogs and methods for their use in promoting vasodilation, inhibiting platelet aggregation and thrombus formation, stimulating thrombolysis, inhibiting cell proliferation (including vascular remodeling), providing cytoprotection, preventing atherogenesis and inducing angiogenesis. Generally, the compounds and methods of the present invention increase the oral bioavailability and circulating concentrations of treprostinil when administered orally.

Abstract: Bis-Phenol A (BPA) can now be replaced in industrial processes by BPA substitutes. The BPA substitutes can have structures that are derivatives of BPA. The BPA substitutes can be used in preparing epoxy composition, polycarbonate compositions, and polysulfonate compositions or for other uses in place of BPA.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing diaryl carbonates, which is to synthesize diaryl carbonates by oxidative carbonylation of phenols with carbon monoxide and oxygen, and in particular, to synthesize diphenyl carbonate from phenol. The present invention is characterized in that a catalytic system comprising a metal halide catalyst and one or more cocatalysts of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds is used to increase the convertibility, selectivity and yield of this catalytic reaction.

Abstract: By using phosphorus compounds, diesters of dicarbonic acid may be stabilized against thermal and chemical decomposition over a relatively long period. Mixtures of diesters of dicarbonic acid and phosphorus compounds are outstandingly suitable for preserving foods.

Abstract: Prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate, pharmaceutical compositions comprising prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate, and methods of using prodrugs of methyl hydrogen fumarate and pharmaceutical compositions thereof for treating diseases such as psoriasis, asthma, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, and arthritis are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the overall selectivity of an EO process for converting ethylene to ethylene oxide utilizing a highly selective EO silver catalyst containing a rhenium promoter wherein following normal operation a chloride strip of the chloride on the surface of the catalyst is conducted in order to remove a portion of the chlorides on the surface of the catalyst. The chloride strip involves the addition of certain saturated hydrocarbons to the feed. Following the chloride strip, the catalyst is optionally re-optimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for permanent deformation of keratin fibers comprising the steps of : providing the keratin fibers with mechanical fibers a composition comprising one or several sources of ions of formula: wherein X is a group selected from the group consisting of O?, OH, NH2, O—OH, and O—COO?; then placing the keratin fibers in an occlusive space; and then heating the keratin fibers. The present invention also relates to an agent and a kit to be used for the above process.

Abstract: Fluoroalkyl alkyl carbonates and fluorosubstituted carbamates which are suitable as additives or solvents in lithium ion batteries are prepared from fluoroalkyl fluoroformates and the respective alcohol or amine. Methanol is the preferred alcohol, dimethylamine and diethylamine are preferred amines. Fluoromethyl methyl carbonate is the preferred compound to be produced. Fluoroalkyl fluoroformates can be prepared from aldehydes and carbonyl fluoride.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing: a compound represented by XOR2; a dialkyl tin dialkoxide compound having one tin atom, two Sn—R1 bonds and two Sn—OR2 bonds; and/or a tetraalkyl dialkoxy distannoxane compound having one Sn—O—Sn bond, in which each tin atom of the tetraalkyl dialkoxy distannoxane compound has two Sn—R1 bonds and one Sn—OR2 bond.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compounds and their use in fragrance compositions. Novel 3.2.1-bicyclo-octene and -octane compounds of the present invention are represented by formula: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, acetate, carbonate monomethyl ester, and allyloxy; and wherein the broken line represents a single or double bond.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the production of an aromatic carbonate, comprising the steps of: continuously feeding an aliphatic carbonate represented by following general formula (1) as a starting material, an aromatic monohydroxy compound represented by following general formula (2) as a reactant, and a metal-containing catalyst into a stage above the bottom of a first multi-stage distillation column so as to bring about reaction; continuously withdrawing from the reaction system in a gaseous form a low boiling point component containing an alcohol by-produced in the reaction; and continuously withdrawing from a lower portion of the column in a liquid form an aromatic carbonate represented by following general formula (3) obtained from the starting material and the reactant Ar1OH??(2) wherein R1 in general formulae (1) and (2) represents an aliphatic group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and Ar1 represents an aromatic group having 5 to 30 carbon atoms wherein R2 and Ar2 in general formu

Abstract: A system, method, and material that enables the pressure-activated reversible chemical capture of acid gasses such as CO2 from gas volumes such as streams, flows or any other volume. Once the acid gas is chemically captured, the resulting product typically a zwitterionic salt, can be subjected to a reduced pressure whereupon the resulting product will release the captures acid gas and the capture material will be regenerated. The invention includes this process as well as the materials and systems for carrying out and enabling this process.

Abstract: The present invention provides an amphiphile of the formula (I) as described hereinafter. The invention further relates to a process for preparing the amphiphile and to a composition comprising the amphiphile and a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient. It further relates to a process for producing the composition by contacting the amphiphile and the active ingredient, and to the use of the amphiphile for solubilizing a sparingly water-soluble active ingredient in aqueous solutions. The invention also relates to the use of the amphiphile in an agrochemical formulation comprising the amphiphile and a pesticide for controlling phytopathogenic fungi and/or unwanted vegetation and/or unwanted insect or mite infestation and/or for regulating the growth of plants, and finally to plant propagation material comprising the amphiphile.

Abstract: This invention provides a side-chain-type polymer electrolyte exhibiting high ionic conductivity and a lithium secondary battery using the same. Such side-chain-type polymer electrolyte comprises a polymer structural unit represented by formula (1): wherein Rp represents an organic group obtained via polymerization of monomer compounds containing polymerizable unsaturated linkages or a polymerized organic group containing C, H, N, and O; m represents a value smaller than the polymerization degree of Rp; Y represents an organic group that binds to Rp; R1 represents a C1-10 alkylene group that allows Y to bind to Z; and Z represents a functional group having coordination ability with respect to a cation, provided that Z forms a coordination bond with a cation, wherein the polymer electrolyte has composition wherein a cation is added to a polymer having a side chain consisting of R1 and Z binding through Y to a polymer main chain consisting of Rp.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for synthesis of 2,4,6-octatriene-1-oic acid and 2,4,6-octatriene-1-ol, which comprises the following stages: a) reaction between 2,4-trans-hexadienal and triethyl phosphonoacetate to give ethyl 2,4,6-trans-octatrienoate; b) alkaline hydrolysis of ethyl 2,4,6-trans-octatrienoate to give the corresponding alkaline salt; c) acidification of said salt to give 2,4,6-trans-octatrienoic acid, which can be separated or can undergo the following further stages: d) reaction of the 2,4,6-trans-octatrienoic acid with ethyl chloroformiate to give the mixed anhydride formed by 2,4,6-trans-octatrienoic acid and ethyl carbonic acid; e) reduction of said mixed anhydride with sodium borohydride to give 2,4,6-trans-octatrienol; and optionally a purification stage of the end product.

Abstract: A catalyst for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising a carrier and deposited on the carrier, silver, a promoting amount of one or more promoters selected from the group consisting of alkali metals and rhenium and a promoting amount of nickel, wherein the nickel is added as a nickel compound or nickel complex during the initial impregnation along with the silver and other promoters; including a process for preparing the catalyst; a process for preparing an olefin oxide by reacting a feed comprising an olefin and oxygen in the presence of the catalyst; and a process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, a 1,2-carbonate, or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: A drug effective for the treatment and prevention of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, anxiety and related ailments thereof, depression, bipolar disorder and epilepsy. The drug antagonizes the action of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors and shows high activity in oral administration A 2-amino-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic ester derivative represented by formula [I] [wherein R1 and R2 are identical or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-10alkyl group or the like; X represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; Y represents —OCHR3R4 or the like (wherein R3 and R4 are identical or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-10alkyl group or the like; and n represents integer 1 or 2)], a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: The present application relates to perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and consumer products comprising such perfume raw materials and/or such perfume delivery systems, as well as processes for making and using such perfume raw materials, perfume delivery systems and consumer products. Such perfume raw materials and compositions, including the delivery systems, disclosed herein expand the perfume communities' options as such perfume raw materials can provide variations on character and such compositions can provide desired odor profiles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the synthesis of substituted arylureidophenoxymethylpropionic acid and related compounds including bifunctional and tetrafunctional derivatives. The compounds are useful for inhibiting the formation of AGEs (Aminaglycation end products).

Abstract: A process for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising contacting a reactor feed comprising an olefin, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, with a catalyst comprising a carrier and, deposited on the carrier, silver, a rhenium promoter, a first co-promoter, and a second co-promoter; wherein the carbon dioxide is present in the reactor feed in a quantity of at most 3 mole percent based on the total epoxidation reactor feed; the first co-promoter is selected from sulfur, phosphorus, boron, and mixtures thereof; and the second co-promoter is selected from tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and mixtures thereof; a process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, a 1,2-carbonate, or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: A compound is shown by a following formula (1), wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a trifluoromethyl group, R2 represents a methylene group, an ethylene group, a 1-methylethylene group, a 2-methylethylene group, a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, or a derivative thereof, each of R3 represents at least one of a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, a derivative thereof, and a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, provided that two of R3 may bond to form a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a derivative thereof together with the carbon atom that is bonded thereto, and X represents a linear or branched fluoroalkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for preparing organic carbonates comprising subjecting an alcohol compound to oxidative carbonylation in the presence of carbon monoxide, oxygen and a liquid-phase catalytic system, to form a organic carbonates, wherein the liquid-phase catalytic system includes at least one catalyst, at least one additive and at least one ionic liquid composed of a cation, which has a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structure, and an anion. Through using the additive and the ionic liquid, the activity and the performance of the catalyst are enhanced, and increased reaction rate and yield can be obtained.

Abstract: A catalyst for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising a carrier and, deposited on the carrier, silver, a rhenium promoter, a first co-promoter, and a second co-promoter; wherein the molar ratio of the first co-promoter to the second co-promoter is greater than 1; the first co-promoter is selected from sulfur, phosphorus, boron, and mixtures thereof; and the second co-promoter is selected from tungsten, molybdenum, chromium, and mixtures thereof; a process for preparing the catalyst; a process for preparing an olefin oxide by reacting a feed comprising an olefin and oxygen in the presence of the catalyst; and a process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, a 1,2-carbonate, or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: Mixtures comprising organic carbonates, such as carbonates not substituted by fluorine, but especially fluorosubstituted organic carbonates, which are depleted in HF can be obtained from respective mixtures with a higher HF content by a step of stripping such mixture with an inert gas. For example, a reaction mixture comprising fluoroethylene carbonate and HF can be treated in this way. The mixture comprising organic carbonate which is depleted in HF can be distilled to obtain highly purified organic carbonate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalyst for the synthesis of organic carbonates, the preparation of the catalyst and the application of this catalyst in the synthesis of organic carbonates from reacting urea and hydroxyl group containing compounds. The catalyst provided in this invention is a calcinate of hydrous salt containing rare earth element at a moderate calcining temperature.

Abstract: For an alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition used in carbonate production, there is a problem that the alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition is thermally decomposed by being heated in the production process, changing into an undistillable alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition containing a high boiling deactivated component and an active component. The present invention provides a method for separating out and recovering the active component from the alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition as a useful dialkyltin dialkoxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing: a compound represented by XOR2; a dialkyl tin dialkoxide compound having one tin atom, two Sn—R1 bonds and two Sn—OR2 bonds; and/or a tetraalkyl dialkoxy distannoxane compound having one Sn—O—Sn bond, in which each tin atom of the tetraalkyl dialkoxy distannoxane compound has two Sn—R1 bonds and one Sn—OR2 bond, the process comprising reacting in the absence of a catalyst at least one alkyl tin compound selected from the group consisting of i) and ii) below: i) a dialkyl tin compound having one tin atom, two Sn—R1 (wherein R1 represents an alkyl group) bonds, and two Sn—OX bonds (wherein OX is a group in which HOX that is a conjugate acid of OX is a Bronsted acid having a pKa of from 0 to 6.

Abstract: A method for enhancing the efficiency of a rhenium-promoted epoxidation catalyst is provided. Advantageously, the method may be carried out in situ, i.e., within the epoxidation process, and in fact, may be carried out during production of the desired epoxide. As such, a method for the epoxidation of alkylenes incorporating the efficiency-enhancing method is also provided, as is a method for using the alkylene oxides so produced for the production of 1,2-diols, 1,2-carbonates, 1,2-diol ethers, or alkanolamines.

Abstract: A method of producing an alkylene oxide includes passing a reaction mixture comprising alkylene, oxygen and a gaseous chlorine-containing promoter species over a supported catalyst containing silver and a promoting amount of rhenium to undergo an epoxidation reaction at a first operating condition. The method further includes subsequently performing the epoxidation reaction at a preferred operating condition. The preferred operating condition is characterized by an efficiency of the epoxidation reaction toward the alkylene oxide where the efficiency is lower than that of a maximum efficiency achievable at an operating temperature corresponding to the preferred operating condition.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a production process capable of selectively producing various kinds of fluorine-containing carbonate compounds without any inhibition in high yields without using phosgene and without producing hydrogen chloride as a by-product. The present invention relates to a process for producing a fluorine-containing compound having a carbonate bond by reacting a compound (1) with a fluorine-containing compound having an OH group. In the formula (1) shown below, X1 to X6 each represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, at least one of X1 to X3 is a halogen atom, and at least one of X4 to X6 is a halogen atom.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide, for the case of continuously producing aromatic carbonates containing a diaryl carbonate as a main product by taking an alkyl aryl carbonate as a starting material, which is obtainable through a transesterification reaction between a dialkyl carbonate and an aromatic monohydroxy compound, using a continuous multi-stage distillation column in which a catalyst is present, and continuously feeding the starting material into the continuous multi-stage distillation column, a specific process that enables the diaryl carbonate to be produced with high selectivity and high productivity stably for a prolonged period of time on an industrial scale of not less than 1 ton per hour.

Abstract: For an alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition used in carbonate production, there is a problem that the alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition is thermally decomposed by being heated in the production process, changing into an undistillable alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition containing a high boiling deactivated component and an active component. The present invention provides a method for separating out and recovering the active component from the alkyltin alkoxide catalyst composition as a useful dialkyltin dialkoxide.

Abstract: The invention provides compounds having the following general formula (I): wherein X, R1, R2, R7 and Z are as described here.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of propylene carbonate, which process involves contacting propylene oxide with carbon dioxide at a temperature of from 150° C. to 250° C. in the presence of a recycled tetraalkylphosphonium bromide catalyst.

Abstract: A method for producing a dialkyl carbonate and a diol, comprising: (a) effecting a transesterification reaction between a cyclic carbonate and an aliphatic monohydric alcohol in the presence of a transesterification catalyst, thereby obtaining a reaction mixture containing a product dialkyl carbonate and a product diol, (b) withdrawing a dialkyl carbonate-containing liquid from the reaction mixture, followed by separation of the dialkyl carbonate from the dialkyl carbonate-containing liquid, and (c) withdrawing a diol-containing liquid from the reaction mixture, followed by separation of the diol from the diol-containing liquid, wherein the cyclic carbonate contains a cyclic ether in an amount of from 0.1 to 3,000 ppm by weight, and the product dialkyl carbonate contains a carbonate ether of not more than 10,000 ppm by weight.

Abstract: Chemically protected dihydroxyacetone and/or dimers are used to make polycarbonates, poly(acetal carbonate)s, poly(spiroacetal)s, polyesters and polyurethanes.

Abstract: A process for producing a carbonic ester, characterized in that an aromatic monohydroxy compound or an aliphatic monohydroxy compound is subjected to oxidative carbonylation with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst using a compound having a carbonate bond as a reaction solvent. A process for producing a polycarbonate, characterized in that an aromatic dihydroxy compound or an aliphatic dihydroxy compound is subjected to oxidative carbonylation with carbon monoxide and oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst using a compound having a carbonate bond as a reaction solvent is also described. The carbonic ester can be produced with a higher yield and at a higher reaction rate and, also, a polycarbonate having a higher molecular weight as compared with the conventional method can be produced with a higher yield and at a higher reaction rate.

Abstract: A reactor system comprising: a reactor vessel, and positioned inside the reactor vessel, an absorbent and a catalyst positioned downstream from the absorbent; a process for reacting a feed; and a process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, a 1,2-carbonate, or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: The invention provides a reaction system for the production of an alkylene carbonate comprising: an epoxidation zone containing an epoxidation catalyst located within an epoxidation reactor; a carboxylation zone containing an bromide-containing carboxylation catalyst located within an alkylene oxide absorber; and one or more purification zones containing a purification absorbent capable of reducing the quantity of bromide-containing impurities in a feed comprising a recycle gas, which purification zones are located upstream from the epoxidation zone; and a process for the production of an alkylene carbonate and an alkylene glycol.

Abstract: A process for the epoxidation of an olefin comprising contacting a reactor feed comprising an olefin, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, with a catalyst comprising a carrier and, deposited on the carrier, silver, a rhenium promoter, and a potassium promoter; wherein the carbon dioxide is present in the reactor feed in a quantity of at most 3 mole percent based on the total epoxidation reactor feed; the potassium promoter is deposited on the carrier in a quantity of at least 0.5 mmole/kg, relative to the weight of the catalyst; and the carrier contains water leachable potassium in a quantity of less than 55 parts per million by weight, relative to the weight of the carrier; a process for preparing a 1,2-diol, a 1,2-diol ether, a 1,2-carbonate, or an alkanolamine.

Abstract: A process is provided for the start-up of an ethylene epoxidation process comprising: (a) contacting a catalyst bed comprising a high selectivity epoxidation catalyst with a feed comprising ethylene, oxygen and an organic chloride for a period of time until an increase of at least 1×10?5 mole-% of vinyl chloride (calculated as the moles of vinyl chloride relative to the total gas mixture), preferably 2×10?5 mole-% of vinyl chloride is detected in a reactor outlet gas or a recycle gas loop; and (b) subsequently adjusting the quantity of organic chloride in the feed to a value sufficient to produce ethylene oxide at a substantially optimum selectivity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of monomer organic carbonates from a mixture of organic carbonates and carbamates which are obtained by reacting urea, substituted urea, a salt or ester of carbamide acid or one of the N-substituted derivatives thereof with a polyalkylene glycol, polyester-polyol or a polyether-polyol of general formula (I), wherein R represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2-12 carbon atoms and n represents a number between 2 and 20, or with a completely or partially hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol of general formula (II), wherein R? represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or an acyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, p and q represent a number between 120, or with mixtures of said compounds in the presence of a catalyst facilitating the separation of ammonia and the ammonia becomes free or the amine is removed from the reaction mixture by means of a strip gas, whereby said mixture is reacted with an alcohol or a phenol whereby monomer carbonates are formed and po

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of monomer organic carbonates, wherein urea, substituted urea, a salt or an ester of carbamide acid or one of the N-substituted derivatives thereof is reacted in a first step in a polyalkylene glycol, a polyester-polyol or a polyether-polyol of general formula (I), wherein R represents a linear or branched alkylene group having 2-12 carbon atoms and n is a number between (2) and (20), or in a completely or partially hydrolysed polyvinyl alcohol of general formula (II) wherein R? represents an alkyl group, an aryl group or an acyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, p and q are numbers between 1 and 20, or in mixtures of said compounds in the presence of a catalyst facilitating the separation of ammonia in order to form a mixture containing carbonates and carbamates, the ammonia becomes free or the amine is removed form the reaction mixture by means of a strip gas.

Abstract: A continuous method of producing propylenecarbonate includes carboxylation of propylene oxide with carbon dioxide in presence of phthalocyanine catalyst on an inert carrier, using as the phthalocyanine catalyst at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of not-substituted, methyl, ethyl, butyl, and tret butyl-substituted phthalocyanines of metals, including those containing counterions, and using as the carrier a hydrophobic carrier.