Abstract: A process for preparing pharmaceutically active compounds of formula (I) or a salt thereof wherein R1, n, m, R3, R6, X1, X2, X3 and X4 are as defined in the specification, is described. Novel intermediates are also described and claimed.

Abstract: Novel 3-phenylpropanoic acid compounds have the general formula (I) below: and are formulated into pharmaceutical compositions for administration in human or veterinary medicine (in dermatology, and also in the field of cardiovascular diseases, immune diseases and/or lipid metabolism-related diseases), or, alternatively, into cosmetic compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for selectively placing carbon nanotubes on a substrate surface by using functionalized carbon nanotubes having an organic compound that is covalently bonded to such carbon nanotubes. The organic compound comprises at least two functional groups, the first of which is capable of forming covalent bonds with carbon nanotubes, and the second of which is capable of selectively bonding metal oxides. Such functionalized carbon nanotubes are contacted with a substrate surface that has at least one portion containing a metal oxide. The second functional group of the organic compound selectively bonds to the metal oxide, so as to selectively place the functionalized carbon nanotubes on the at least one portion of the substrate surface that comprises the metal oxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coumarin derived compound of formula (I) as skin lightening agent alone or in combination with other skin benefit agents and together with a cosmetic vehicle:

Abstract: A process for preparing a quaternary ammonium salt of a fibric acid, represented by the following reaction scheme: is carried out in a single operation starting from a phenol of formula (I), an ?-halogenated ester of formula (II) and a quaternary ammonium hydroxide of formula (III). This process makes it possible economically to prepare a choline salt of fenofibric acid in high purity that can be used directly as the active substance in a pharmaceutical composition intended for human consumption.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel amino acid prostaglandin salts and methods of making and using them.

Abstract: The present invention provides propyl phenoxy ether compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, compositions containing the same and one or more active agents, and methods of administering active agents with the same. The delivery agents of the present invention are well suited for forming non-covalent mixtures with active agents for oral, intracolonic, pulmonary, and other routes of administration to animals.

Abstract: A detergent including one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates, in which: (i) the one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates is or includes one or more C10 to C40 hydrocarb-1-yl substituted hydroxybenzoates; or, (ii) greater than 50 mole % of the one or more neutral or overbased alkaline earth metal C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates, based on the total number of moles of said C10 to C40 hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxybenzoates, is or includes one or more C10 to C40 hydrocarb-2-yl substituted hydroxybenzoates.

Abstract: Ethers of aromatic acids are produced from halogenated aromatic acids in a reaction mixture containing a copper (I) or copper (II) source and a Schiff base ligand that coordinates to copper.

Abstract: Derivatives of anacardic acid having antimicrobial properties and method for preparing said derivatives. The antimicrobial properties include bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides delivery agent compounds, compositions containing delivery agent compounds and an active agent and methods for delivering active agents, such as biologically or chemically active agents.

Abstract: Disclosed are latex polymers and an aqueous coating compositions having excellent freeze-thaw stability, open time, stain resistance, low temperature film formation, foam resistance, block resistance, adhesion, water sensitivity and a low-VOC content. The latex polymers and aqueous coating compositions include at least one latex polymer derived from at least one monomer copolymerized or blended with an alkoxylated compound, for example an alkoxylated tristyrylphenol or an alkoxylated tributylphenol. Also provided is an aqueous coating composition including at least one latex polymer, at least one pigment, water and at least one freeze-thaw additive. Typically, the freeze-thaw additive in an amount greater than about 1.3% by weight of the polymer, typically in an amount greater than about 2% by weight of the polymer, in an amount greater than about 4% by weight of the polymer, in an amount greater than about 7.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds useful, for example, for modulating insulin levels in a subject and that have the general formula Q—L1—P—L2—M—X—L3—A wherein the definitions of the variables Q, L1, P, L2, M, X, L3 and A are provided herein. The present invention also provides compositions and methods for use of the compounds, for instance, for treatment of type II diabetes.

Abstract: A method for preparing a prostaglandin derivative represented by the following general formula (I): (wherein Ph represents phenyl group, R1 represents a C1-7 alkyl group, a C1-7 alkenyl group, phenyl group, or benzyl group), which comprises the successive steps (1) to (8) described in the specification, or any one step or two or more successive steps selected from the group consisting of the steps (1) to (8). A method for efficiently, inexpensively and safely preparing prostaglandin derivatives, of which typical example is latanoprost, is provided.

Abstract: The photostabilizing electronic excited state energy—particularly singlet state energy from retinoid compounds—has been found to be readily transferred to (accepted by) ?-cyanodiphenylacrylate compounds having an alkoxy radical in the four (para) position (hereinafter “alkoxycrylenes”) on one of the phenyl rings having the formula (I): wherein one of R1 and R2 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkoxy radical, preferably C1-C8, more preferably methoxy, and the non-alkoxy radical R1 or R2 is hydrogen; and R3 is a straight or branched chain C1-C30 alkyl radical, preferably C2-C20. The alkoxycrylene compounds of formula (I) significantly increase the photostability of retinoid compounds in a composition by at least 3-fold and as much as 10-fold or greater. The ability of the alkoxycrylene compounds to stabilize the retinoid compound is concentration dependent, with the amount of retinoid photostabilization increasing with the concentration of the alkoxycrylene compound.

Abstract: The invention features 4-((phenoxyalkyl)thio)-phenoxyacetic acids and analogs, compositions containing them, and methods of using them as PPAR delta modulators to treat or inhibit the progression of, for example, dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The present application relates to novel difluorophenol derivatives, processes for their preparation, their use for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, and their use for producing medicaments for the treatment and/or prophylaxis of diseases, especially for the treatment and/or prevention of cardiovascular disorders.

Abstract: The subject matter of the invention is directed to a chemical process, namely, a process for the production of an intermediate compound used to make the pharmaceutical compound such as latanoprost.

Abstract: Processes are described for the production of an isolated medicinal composition for administration to mammals which comprises an effective amount of a free acid, salt or chelate of at least one naturally occurring form of an alpha hydroxyl organic acid comprising combining at least one naturally occurring form of an alpha hydroxy organic acid with an amount of base in an aqueous solution, wherein a total content of alpha hydroxyl organic acids amounts to between about 0.5% and about 35% w/w of the solution, for a time to hydrolyse substantially all forms of alpha hydroxyl organic acids present, neutralizing the solution to a pH between about 6.9 and about 7.6 to yield a free acid, salt or chelate of free acids of substantially all naturally occurring forms of alpha hydroxyl organic acids, and optionally lyophilizing the solution to produce an isolated medicinal composition. Compositions produced by these processes are disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel metathesis catalysts of the formula a process for making the same and their use in metathesis reactions such as ring closing or cross metathesis. The invention further relates to a process for the manufacture of a macrocyclic compound of formula VII which have the potential to be useful as HCV protease inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention features 4-((phenoxyalkyl)thio)-phenoxyacetic acids and analogs, compositions containing them, and methods of using them as PPAR modulators to treat or inhibit the progression of, for example, dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds having the general Formula (I) with the definitions of X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R4, R9, and R10 given below, and/or a salt or ester thereof. Furthermore the invention relates to the use of said compounds for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and their use for the modulation of ?-secretase activity.

Abstract: A carboxylate detergent prepared by the process comprising (a) alkylating a hydroxyaromatic compound with at least one normal alpha olefin having from about 12 to about 30 carbon atoms per molecule that has been isomerized to obtain an isomerized alpha olefin having 15-98 wt % branching and a residual alpha olefin content of between from about 0.1 to about 30 wt %, thereby producing an alkylated hydroxyaromatic compound; (b) neutralizing the resulting alkylated hydroxyaromatic compound with an alkali metal base; (c) carbonating the alkali metal salt from step (b) with carbon dioxide; (d) acidifying the salt produced in step (c); and (e) overbasing the resulting alkylated hydroxyaromatic carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed, compound of the formula (I): wherein n is 1 or 2; m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8; q is 0 or 1; t is 0 or 1; R1 is alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R2 is hydrogen, halo, alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, or alkoxy having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R3 and R4 together are alkyl having two or three carbon atoms; or R3 and R4 are the same as each other and each is methyl or ethyl; R5 is hydrogen or alkyl having from one to six carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention relates to substituted 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one derivative compounds, pharmaceutical and/or cosmetic compositions containing same, and the applications thereof in therapeutics and cosmetics. The invention also relates to a method for preparing said derivatives.

Abstract: Compounds useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis, are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to novel macrocyclic compounds of formula (I) and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, hydrates or solvates: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, n1, m, p Z1, Z2, and Z3 are as describe in the specification. The invention also relates to compounds of formula (I) which are antagonists of the motilin receptor and are useful in the treatment of disorders associated with this receptor and with or with motility dysfunction.

Abstract: Methods of treating blood disorders are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides a green catalytic process for the synthesis of acetyl salicylic acid using solid acid catalysts at atmospheric pressure. The invention involve the solid acid catalyst such as sulfated transition metal oxides namely nano-crystalline sulfated zirconia, sulfated titania; modified zeolites namely zeolite H-beta, H—Y, H-ZSM-5 and K-10 montmorillonite clay in a solvent free environment using salicylic acid and acetic anhydride with yield about 95% and high selectivity (100%). The solid acid catalysts can be recovered, regenerated and reused.

Abstract: The present invention relates to cis-1,2-substituted stilbene derivatives, or their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, glucosides or solvates, a pharmaceutical composition comprising the compound, and use of said compound for preparation of a drug for treatment and/or prevention of diabetes or improvement of diabetic complications.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) in which A1, A2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and Y are as defined in the description, to processes and intermediates for their preparation and to their use for controlling pests.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) have activity in alleviating the effects of impaired dopaminergic signaling, for example in the treatment of Parkinsons Disease: wherein: R1 is a carboxyl, carboxyl ester, or carboxamide group; R2 and R3 are independently hydrogen, or a group —C(?O)R6 or —C(?O)OR6 wherein R6 is C1-C6 alkyl, or a group —CH2Q wherein Q is an optionally substituted monocyclic cycloalkyl or heterocyclyl ring of 3 to 6 ring atoms; R7 is (i) optionally substituted phenyl or monocyclic heteroaryl, or (ii) a radical of formula —CHR4R5; R4 is (a) optionally substituted C1-C4 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy, C2-C4 alkenyl, C2-C4 alkenyloxy, or C2-C4 alkynyl, or (b) —CH2XCH3, —CH2CH2XCH3, or —CH2XCH2CH3, wherein X is —O—, S, or —NR7 wherein R7 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl; or —CH2Q or CH2OQ wherein Q is as defined in relation to R6; and R5 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, or methyl substituted by 1, 2 or 3 fluoro atoms; or R4 and R5 taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached form an optionally substituted

Abstract: A promoter for a polycondensation reaction used together with a catalyst in a polycondensation reaction, the promoter for a polycondensation reaction comprising a pyrogallol compound having a benzene ring of which three hydrogen atoms adjacent to each other are substituted by hydroxyl groups; and a polycondensation resin obtained by polycondensing raw material monomers using the promoter as defined above and the catalyst. A polycondensation resin can be produced using the promoter of the present invention together with a catalyst in a polycondensation reaction, and the polycondensation resin can be used in various applications including, for example, films, sheets, fibers, toner materials for electrophotography, and the like.

Abstract: The invention features 4-((phenoxyalkyl)thio)-phenoxyacetic acids and analogs, compositions containing them, and methods of using them as PPAR modulators to treat or inhibit the progression of, for example, dyslipidemia.

Abstract: Three different reaction steps were combined to provide methods for preparing p-hydroxystyrene and p-hydroxycinnamic acid monomers from tyrosine. The three steps include reductive alkylation of tyrosine, followed by oxidation to the N-oxide, and thermal Cope elimination. During Cope elimination, either p-hydroxycinnamic acid or p-hydroxystyrene was produced depending on the absence or presence of base, respectively. Additionally, p-acetoxystyrene may be prepared by reacting the prepared p-hydroxystyrene either directly or after isolation with an acetylating agent.

Abstract: An agent for regulating 14273 receptor function, which is useful as a preventing or treating drug for diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia or the like, is provided. An agent for regulating 14273 receptor function comprising a compound containing an aromatic ring and a group capable of releasing a cation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the preparation of de 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one substituted on one of the two phenyl groups by a carboxyalkyloxy group or a carboxyalkylthio group.

Abstract: Agents useful for the treatment of various metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance syndrome, diabetes, hyper-lipidemia, fatty liver disease, cachexia, obesity, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis are disclosed.

Abstract: Described are ortho carboxy phenol derived acetals and compositions containing ortho carboxy phenol derived acetals which are useful for delivering biologically active compounds to cells. The acetals can be used to reversibly link up to three different molecules and have rapid hydrolysis kinetics in conditions which are present in a cell as well as in vivo. Cleavage of the acetal enhances delivery of the biologically active compound.

Abstract: Novel thyroid receptor ligands are provided having the general formula I wherein X, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12 and R13 are as defined herein. In addition, a method is provided for preventing, inhibiting or treating diseases or disorders associated with metabolic dysfunction or which are dependent upon the expression of a T3 regulated gene, wherein a compound as described above is administered in a therapeutically effective amount.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or hydrolysable ester thereof, wherein:

Abstract: The invention features 4-((phenoxyalkyl)thio)-phenoxyacetic acids and analogs, compositions containing them, and methods of using them as PPAR delta modulators to treat or inhibit the progression of, for example, dyslipidemia.

Abstract: The present invention provides a three step process for the preparation of hydroxy carboxylic acid. The present invention involves the hydroformylation of enol ester (e.g. vinyl acetate) using a cobalt catalyst (e.g. Co2(CO)8), optionally a promoter or a ligand containing O, N, N—O, P, As or Sb atom/s, to obtain a mixture of 2-acetoxy carboxaldehyde (e.g. 2-acetoxy propanal) and 3-acetoxy carboxaldehyde (e.g. 3-acetoxy propanal), oxidizing the product acetoxy carboxyaldehydes to the corresponding acetoxy carboxylic acid, in presence or absence of a Gr. 8 metal catalyst, followed by hydrolyzation of the product acetoxy carboxylic acids to the corresponding desired hydroxy carboxylic acids, in presence of an acidic catalyst and separating the catalyst and reusing it for another hydrolysis step.

Abstract: A process for producing optically pure R-hydroxyphenoxypropanoic acid or a salt or ester thereof by reaction of hydroquinone or a salt thereof with an S-halopropanoic acid or a salt thereof in the presence of a mild reducing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of a compound of the general formula (I) in which a) a compound (II) is reacted in the presence of a base B1 with a compound (III) and b) the compound (IV) formed as intermediate in step a) is reacted in the presence of a base B2 with a compound (V) to give the compound of the general formula (I)

Abstract: Phenoxy carboxylic acid compounds and compositions for the delivery of active agents are provided. Methods of administration and preparation are provided as well.

Abstract: The invention relates to compounds of formula (I) as well as the salts and stereoisomers thereof wherein the several variable groups are as defined in the specification and claims. Processes for making these materials, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, and methods for using them for treatment of cardiovascular disorders are also disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method which comprises synthesizing bifunctional compounds then chiral compounds from the bifunctional compounds, also to synthesizing supports comprising these chiral compounds, and the use of these supports for preparing or separating enantiomers, or for asymmetric synthesis. The invention also relates to bifunctional compounds, their use as a source of functionalized polymers, and to the chiral compounds, also to the use of these chiral compounds in a chiral support in the form of a three-dimensional network or for separating or preparing enantiomers, principally for analytical or preparative chromatography, and in a support for the production of chiral molecules by asymmetric synthesis.

Abstract: Compounds useful as surface coating agents, including compounds of the formula: wherein X1 comprises a first photoreactive species; X2 comprises a second photoreactive species; Y comprises a nonpolymeric core molecule comprising an aromatic group; and Z comprises at least one charged group. The Y core can include an aromatic group such as a benzene radical, the charged groups Z can be independently selected from the organic acids that include sulfonic acid, carboxylic acid, and phosphoric acid, and the photoreactive species of X1 and X2 can independently be aryl ketones, such as those selected from the group acetophenone, benzophenone, anthraquinone, anthrone, and anthrone-like heterocycles, and their substituted derivatives.

Abstract: This invention relates to new compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and diagnostic kits comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds for inhibiting NAALADase enzyme activity, detecting diseases where NAALADase levels are altered, effecting neuronal activity, effecting TGF-? activity, inhibiting angiogenesis, and treating glutamate abnormalities, neuropathy, pain, compulsive disorders, prostate diseases, cancers and glaucoma.