Abstract: Electrolytic solvents and applications of such solvents including electric current-producing devices. For example, a solvent can include a sulfone compound of R1—SO2—R2, with R1 being an alkyl group and R2 a partially oxygenated alkyl group, to exhibit high chemical and thermal stability and high oxidation resistance. For another example, a battery can include, between an anode and a cathode, an electrolyte which includes ionic electrolyte salts and a non-aqueous electrolyte solvent which includes a non-symmetrical, non-cyclic sulfone. The sulfone has a formula of R1—SO2—R2, wherein R1 is a linear or branched alkyl or partially or fully fluorinated linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, and R2 is a linear or branched or partially or fully fluorinated linear or branched oxygen containing alkyl group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms. The electrolyte can include an electrolyte co-solvent and an electrolyte additive for protective layer formation.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an actinic-ray- or radiation-sensitive resin composition includes a compound (A) that when exposed to actinic rays or radiation, generates any of the acids of general formula (II) below and a resin (B) whose rate of dissolution into an alkali developer is increased by the action of an acid. (The characters used in general formula (I) have the meanings mentioned in the description.

Abstract: Aminocyclohexyl ether compounds are disclosed. The compounds of the present invention may be incorporated in compositions and kits. The present invention also discloses uses for the compounds and compositions, including the treatment of arrhythmia.

Abstract: A positive resist composition for electron beam, X-ray or EUV includes a compound having a proton acceptor functional group and capable of producing an acid radical upon irradiation with an actinic ray or radiation to reduce or lose the acceptor property or to change the proton acceptor functional group to be acidic, wherein the positive resist composition has a solid content concentration of from 2.5 to 4.5 mass %.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound of the formula (I) and/or salts thereof The compound is suitable in the field of crop protection.

Abstract: Hydrofluoroalkanesulfonates of the general formula R—O—CXH—CX2—SO3M, where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, functionalized alkyl groups, and alkenyl groups; X is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and fluorine with the proviso that at least one X is fluorine; and M is a cation, are made by reacting fluorovinyl ether with aqueous sulfite solution. Organic onium hydrofluoroalkanesulfonates are useful as ionic liquids and photoacid generators.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photoacid generating compounds, lithographic resists comprising photoacid generating compounds, and to various lithographic processes techniques, and applications.

Abstract: A positive photosensitive composition comprises a compound capable of generating a specified sulfonic acid upon irradiation with one of an actinic ray and radiation and (B) a resin capable of decomposing under the action of an acid to increase the solubility in an alkali developer.

Abstract: A radiation-sensitive resin composition is provided which has high transparency to radiation, excelling in basic properties as a resist such as sensitivity, resolution, and pattern shape, and, in particular, a high resolution radiation-sensitive resin composition providing a wide DOF and excelling in LER. Also provided are a polymer which can be used in the composition and a novel compound useful for synthesizing the polymer. The novel compound is shown by the following formula (2), wherein R4 represents a methyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, or a hydrogen atom, at least one of the Rfs represents a fluorine atom or a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, A represents a divalent organic group or a single bond, G represents a divalent organic group having a fluorine atom or a single bond, Mm+ represents a metal ion or an onium cation, m represents an integer of 1 to 3, and p is an integer of 1 to 8.

Abstract: Organocatalysts, particularly proline sulfonamide organocatalysts, having a first general formula as follows are disclosed. Embodiments of a method for using these organocatalysts also are disclosed. The method comprises providing a disclosed organocatalyst, and performing a reaction, often an enantioselective or diastereoselective reaction, using the organocatalyst. Solely by way of example, disclosed catalysts can be used to perform aldol reactions, conjugate additions, Michael additions, Robinson annulations, Mannich reactions, ?-aminooxylations, ?-hydroxyaminations, ?-aminations and alkylation reactions. Certain of such reactions are intramolecular cyclizations used to form cyclic compounds, such as 5- or 6-membered rings, having one or more chiral centers. Disclosed organocatalysts generally are much more soluble in typical solvents used for organic synthesis than are known compounds.

Abstract: Therapeutic compounds and methods for inhibiting amyloid deposition in a subject, whatever its clinical setting, are described. Amyloid deposition is inhibited by the administration to a subject of an effective amount of a therapeutic compound comprising an anionic group and a carrier molecule, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, such that an interaction between an amyloidogenic protein and a basement membrane constituent is inhibited. Preferred anionic groups are sulfonates and sulfates. Preferred carrier molecules include carbohydrates, polymers, peptides, peptide derivatives, aliphatic groups, alicyclic groups, heterocyclic groups, aromatic groups and combinations thereof.

Abstract: To provide a more convenient and more accurate method of assaying ProGRP by improving the stability of ProGRP which is known to be unstable in a biological sample. By using a blood sample in a condition in which a blood coagulation factor is not activated is used as a sample, the degradation of ProGRP is suppressed, whereby it is possible to store a sample for a long period of time and to improve the accuracy of an assay.

Abstract: A solid phase reaction system for oxidation of an organic compound, having high industrial value in which an organic solvent exerting a reverse influence on earth environments is not necessary, reuse of a catalyst is possible, and high yield can be attained, comprising a mixture of a powdery dispersion medium and a powder of a solid catalyst for the above-described oxidation reaction, and the above-described organic compound and aqueous hydrogen peroxide, wherein the above-described organic compound, the above-described solid catalyst and the above-described aqueous hydrogen peroxide are dispersed in the above-described mixture so that they get into contact mutually.

Abstract: A multirange indicator is proposed which permits quantitative dose determination of high-energy actinic radiation, where the dose for different wavelength ranges can be respectively determined in parallel. To this end, the multirange indicator has two indicator systems designed with mutually corresponding properties, thus eliminating any mutual distortion of the results of the dose measurements. The first indicator system is based on a photolatent Lewis acid or photolatent Lewis base, and the second indicator system is based on a polysubstituted triphenylmethane dye. Both the multirange indicator and its use for the production of various dose-measurement devices are described.

Abstract: The present invention provides polyoxyalkylene ammonium imide or methide salts and their use as antistatic agents. Another embodiment provides articles comprising these salts, and processes for making and using these salts.

Abstract: Alkylthio substituted aldehydes, ketones, esters and sulfones are prepared by reacting ?,?-unsaturated carbonyl and sulfonyl compounds with a sodium or potassium thiolate in the presence of a alkane carboxylic acid and water.

Abstract: A method of effecting cross-linking of a resin comprises generating vinyl sulfonyl moieties in situ with the resin, said sulfonyl moieties then undergoing a reaction which effects cross-linking of the resin. The vinyl sulfonyl moieties may be generated as a result of a loss of a liquid carrier for the resin to be cross-linked. The cross-linking reaction may result from reaction of the vinyl sulfonyl moieties with nucleophilic groups in the resin composition. The resin may be a co-polymer of a compound of formula (IV) with other olefinically unsaturated monomers.

Abstract: There are disclosed compounds of the formula I a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate of the compound, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds.

Abstract: A novel 1-fluoro-1,1-bis(arylsulfonyl)methane is provided which is useful in monofluoromethylation. Also provided is a production method thereof. A method for producing a fluorobis(arylsulfonyl)methane, the method including the steps of: treating a bis(arylsulfonyl)methane represented by the following formula (1), (ArSO2)2CH2??(1) (wherein Ar represents a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group or naphthyl group) with a base; and then adding a fluorination reagent thereto, to produce fluorobis(arylsulfonyl)methane represented by the following formula (2) (ArSO2)2CHF??(2) (wherein Ar is defined as above), and a fluorobis(arylsulfonyl)methane (2) represented by the above formula (2), which is a novel compound that is very useful in producing a monofluoromethyl.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new process for the preparation of N-[3-[(2-methoxyphenyl)sulfanyl]-2-methylpropyl]-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,5-benzoxathiepin-3-amine.

Abstract: A battery capable of improving cycle characteristics is provided. An electrolytic solution impregnated with a separator includes an ionic compound with an asymmetric structure such as fluorotrifluoromethyl[oxalage-O,O?] lithium borate as an electrolyte salt. Thereby, compared to the case where an ionic compound with a symmetric structure such as bis[oxalate-O,O?] lithium borate or difluoro[oxalate-O,O?]lithium borate is included as an electrolyte salt, the conductivity of the electrolytic solution is improved.

Abstract: A method for oxidizing an organic sulfide by combining an alkali borate, a solvent, hydrogen peroxide, and the organic sulfide, and allowing the alkali borate, the hydrogen peroxide, and the organic sulfide to interact to produce an oxidized organic sulfide.

Abstract: High purity isotopically labeled phosphonic acid esters can be obtained from isotopically enriched Chloro[13C]methyl phenyl sulfide The labeled phosphonic acid esters can then be used as precursors for the one step production of labeled vinyl sulfides, labeled vinyl sulfoxides, and labeled vinyl sulfones. The labeled phosphonic acid esters can also be reacted with a variety of aldehydes to produce extended vinyl systems that are isotopically labeled.

Abstract: The invention relates to producing monomer, oligomer and polymer non-fluorinated, partially fluorinated or perfluorinated sulphonic acids by reacting halogenated, low-molecular weight, oligomer or macromolecular arenes with (hydrogen) sulphites, dithionites, sulphides or other reducing sulfur salts, possibly by oxidising sulphur-containing arene intermediates which are formed at a sulphur oxidation degree less than +6 by means of appropriate oxidation agents with formation of corresponding sulphonate functional groups (sulphonic acid, sulfohalogenide, sulphonamide and sulphonic acid ester groups).

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially advantageous process for producing hydrazone derivative represented by the formula (5), which is shown by the following reaction formula.

Abstract: Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation, through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II.

Abstract: The present invention relates to photo-labile pro-fragrance conjugates comprising: a) a photo-labile unit which upon exposure to electromagnetic radiation is capable of releasing a pro-fragrance unit; and b) a pro-fragrance unit, which when so released is either i) a pro-fragrance compound capable of releasing a fragrance raw material; or ii) a fragrance raw material. The present invention relates to systems for delivering fragrances to a situs, and to laundry detergent compositions, fine fragrances, personal care and hair care compositions comprising said systems.

Abstract: Fluorine-free photoacid generators and photoresist compositions containing fluorine-free photoacid generators are enabled as alternatives to PFOS/PFAS photoacid generator-containing photoresists. The photoacid generators are characterized by the presence of a fluorine-free aromatic sulfonate anionic component having one or more electron withdrawing groups. The photoacid generators preferably contain a fluorine-free onium cationic component, more preferably a sulfonium cationic component. The photoresist compositions preferably contain an acid sensitive imaging polymer having a lactone functionality. The compositions are especially useful for forming material patterns using 193 nm (ArF) imaging radiation.

Abstract: A process for preparing a synthetic petroleum sulfonate comprising (a) reacting a first amount of at least one aromatic compound with a first amount of a mixture of olefins having from about 8 to about 100 carbon atoms, in the presence of a strong acid catalyst, wherein the resulting product comprises at least about 60 weight percent of a 1,2,4-trialkylsubstituted aromatic compound; (b) sulfonating the product of (a); and (c) neutralizing the product of (b) with an alkali or alkaline earth metal hydroxide or ammonia.

Abstract: Methods and reagents are disclosed for pretreating a sample suspected of containing a hydrophobic drug for conducting an assay method for detecting the hydrophobic drug. A combination is provided in a medium. The combination comprises (i) the sample, (ii) a releasing agent for releasing the hydrophobic drug and the metabolites from endogenous binding moieties, and (iii) a selective solubility agent that provides for substantially equal solubility of the hydrophobic drug and the metabolites in the medium. The selective solubility agent comprises a water miscible, non-volatile organic solvent and is present in the medium in a concentration sufficient to provide for substantially equal solubility of the hydrophobic drug and the metabolites in the medium. The medium, which may further comprise a hemolytic agent, is incubated under conditions for releasing the hydrophobic drug and the metabolites from endogenous binding moieties.

Abstract: A new process for the preparation and purification of 4-4?-diamino-diphenyl-sulfone (dapsone) is described. The process described is a three step process comprising a condensation reaction with the synthesis of a thioether intermediate and then steps of oxidation and reduction in suitable conditions in order to obtain a product with good yield and purity.

Abstract: A crosslinked carbon nanotube, in which multiple carbon nanotubes therein are crosslinked with each other at multiple cross-linking sites via a connecting group containing a ?-electron conjugation system, and the bond between the connecting group and the carbon nanotube is not an ester or amido bond.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing an organic oxide, wherein a substrate is oxidized using hypohalous acid, hypohalous acid salt, chlorine, bromine or iodine in the presence of water and a catalytic amount of a compound represented by the following formula (I): R1—X1—NY—R2, wherein: X1 represents —CO— or —SO2—; Y represents a hydrogen atom, a potassium atom, a sodium atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or an iodine atom; R1 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, —NYR3 group or —OR3 group (in the formulae, R3 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, and Y represents the same meaning as defined above); and R2 represents a hydrogen atom or —CO—R4 group (in the formula, R4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, —NYR5 group or —OR5 group (in the formulae, R5 represents a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group, and Y represents the same meaning as defined above)); or R1 and R4 may bind to each other to form a further substi

Abstract: A battery capable of improving battery characteristics is provided. The battery includes a cathode, an anode and an electrolytic solution, and a separator arranged between the cathode and the anode is impregnated with the electrolytic solution. The solvent of the electrolytic solution includes a sulfone compound having a sulfonyl fluoride type structure in which a sulfonyl group and a fluorine group are bonded together, and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of a chain carbonate which includes a halogen and a cyclic carbonate which includes a halogen.

Abstract: The use of vinyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones in synthetic chemistry for the production of a wide variety of materials is well known. For example, phenyl vinyl sulfides, sulfoxides and sulfones have been used for the synthesis of important heterocycles, in combinatorial chemistry and as Diels-Alder adducts. Although these compounds have been used extensively for a variety of applications, the isotopically labeled versions have not been reported. A simple route for the isotopically labeled production of these important building blocks has been developed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for immobilizing a protein in a sample, which could not easily be immobilized by the conventional immobilization method, to a solid-phase; a method for quantitative determination of protein wherein an effect of inhibitory substance coexisting in a sample prepared using the immobilization method can be reduced; and a rapid and highly precise method for detecting an abnormal PrP and a method for determining BSE using the immobilization method as compared with the conventional method.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a class of cyclohexene derivatives bearing sulfamoyl and ester groups which have an inhibitory activity on nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine production, and are useful as an agent for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diseases such as, cardiac disease, autoimmune disease, inflammatory disease, central nervous system disease, infectious disease, sepsis, and septic shock.

Abstract: Aryl sulfone compounds of formula I and II are described and have therapeutic utility, particularly in the treatment of diabetes, obesity and related conditions and disorders:

Abstract: Ionic compounds which are liquids at room temperature are formed by the method of mixing a neutral organic ligand with the salt of a metal cation and its conjugate anion. The liquids are hydrophobic, conductive and stable and have uses as solvents and in electrochemical devices.

Abstract: This invention provides compounds and methods for treating, with said compound, a mycobacterial infection by administering to an animal a pharmaceutical composition containing a compound having the formula R—SOn-Z-CO—Y, where R is an alkyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, unsaturated hydrocarbon groups having 6-20 carbon atoms, or alkyl groups having 6-20 carbon atoms interrupted by at least one aromatic ring; Z is —CH2—, —CH2CH2—, —NH—NH—, —O—, ——NH—, —O—NH—, —CH2—NH—, —CH2—O—, —NH—O—, —NH—CH2—, —O—CH2—, and —CH?CH—; Y is —NH2, —O—CH2—C6H5, —CO—CO—O—CH3, and —O—CH3; and n is 1 or 2. It has been discovered that these compounds treat microbially-based infections caused by corynebacteria, nocardiae, rhodococcus, and mycobacteria. These compounds may be used to treat mycobacterial cells, such as Mycobacteria tuberculosis, drug resistant M. tuberculosis, M. avium intracellulare, M. leprae, M. paratuberculosis, and pathogenic Mycobacteria sp.

Abstract: A sulfonium salt compound excelling in transparency to deep ultraviolet rays at a wavelength of 220 nm or less, exhibiting well-balanced excellent performance such as sensitivity, resolution, pattern form, LER, and storage stability when used as a photoacid generator, a photoacid generator comprising the sulfonium salt compound, and a positive-tone radiation-sensitive resin composition containing the photoacid generator. The sulfonium salt compound is shown by the following formula (I), wherein R1 represents a halogen atom, an alkyl group, a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an alkoxyl group, or —OR3 group, wherein R3 is a monovalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group, R2 represents a (substituted)-alkyl group or two or more R2 groups form a cyclic structure, p is 0-7, q is 0-6, n is 0-3, and X? indicates a sulfonic acid anion. The positive-tone radiation-sensitive resin composition comprises (A) a photoacid generator of the sulfonium-salt compound and (B) an acid-dissociable group-containing resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing Tamsulosin, an anti-benign prostatic hyperplasia drug, which comprises converting o-ethoxyphenoxyethanol to a corresponding sulfonate, and reacting the sulfonate with (R)-(?)-5-(2-aminopropyl)-2-methoxybenzenesulfonamide by condensation to produce Tamsulosin.

Abstract: Novel mercaptophenyl naphthyl methane compounds, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and compositions comprised thereof are useful for the prevention or treatment of various medical indications associated with estrogen dependent diseases or syndromes related to osteoporosis, bone loss, bone formation, cardiovascular disorders, neurodegenerative disorders, menopausal disorders, physiological disorders, diabetes disorders, prostatic carcinoma, cancer of breast, cancer of uterus, cancer of the cervix and cancer of the colon, threatened or habitual abortion, obesity, ovarian development or function, post-partum lactation and depression.

Abstract: A process for producing 4-isopropoxy-4?-hydroxydiphenyl sulfone useful as the developer for leuco dyes to be used in thermosensible papers, which is excellent in productivity, economical efficiency and safety and permits the production of the compounds from constantly available raw materials. This process is improved in productivity and economical efficiency as compared with those of the prior art both by shortening the production time by the use of an isopropyl iodide, which is more reactive than isopropyl bromide which have been used in the prior art.

Abstract: Aspirin (ASA) triggers a switch in the biosynthesis of lipid mediators, inhibiting prostanoid production and initiating 15-epi-lipoxin generation, through the acetylation of cyclooxygenase II.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a process for the production of a specific crystal modification of a polymorphic, organic substance by precipitation of the specific crystal modification from the aqueous solution of the salt of the polymorphic substances using ordinary water-soluble organic solvents as additives as well as an acid or base.

Abstract: A process for producing 2,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone which comprises separating 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone by crystallization from a mixture containing 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, 2,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, phenolsulfonic acid and phenol which is obtained by dehydration of phenol and sulfuric acid or phenolsulfonic acid to obtain a mixture having a content of 2,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone greater than the content of 4,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, crystallizing 2,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone by adjusting the composition of the solvent of the obtained mixture so that the ratio of the amounts by weight of phenol to water is 10:90 to 90:10, and separating 2,4?-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone by filtration; and a process as described above in which the filtrate obtained by the filtration is used as the raw material for the hydration.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to optionally substituted halogenated benzyl halides and the like. These compounds are useful as halogenated benzyl ether-based protecting groups for a variety of functional groups. Another aspect of the present invention relates to use of said protecting groups in an orthogonal protecting group strategy for the synthesis of complex molecules that comprise a number of suitable functional groups. Another aspect of the present invention relates to saccharides bearing various arrays of protecting groups of the present invention. Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method of synthesizing an oligosaccharide or glycoconjugate, comprising the steps of: using a saccharide bearing at least one protecting group of the present invention to glycosylate a second molecule to give a product comprising said saccharide; and removing a protecting group of the present invention from said product.

Abstract: The present invention provides compounds and materials that reduce the accumulation of microorganisms a surface, by interfering with the attachment of the organisms to the surface. The compounds and materials are thus useful in preventing the formation of biofilms on surfaces in health-related environments. By preventing the formation of biofilms, the compounds formulated according to the present invention can be used in the fabrication of grafts, implants, medical devices in order to prevent infection thereof. The compounds formulated according to the present invention display an additional anticoagulant property, permitting their use in settings where decrease in blood coagulability is desirable.

Abstract: The present invention relates to new fluorosulfone compounds. These fluorosulfone compounds have utility in preventing, controlling and extinguishing fire.