Abstract: A blade assembly for a torque converter includes a shell defining an inner surface and a plurality of blades arranged around the inner surface of the shell. The plurality of blades each include a curved portion contacting the inner surface. The plurality of blades each further include a curved region axially spaced from the respective curved portion. The plurality of blades each further include an end extending from the respective curved portion to the respective curved region. Each end includes a notch arranged radially closer to the respective curved region than to the respective curved portion.

Abstract: A torque converter is provided that includes a front cover arranged to receive a torque, an impeller having an impeller shell non-rotatably connected to the cover, and a turbine in fluid communication with the impeller and including a turbine shell. An output element is disposed axially between the front cover and the turbine shell and arranged to connect to a transmission input shaft. The output element includes a flange and a neck extending axially from the flange towards the front cover. A lock-up clutch includes a piston. A floating hub is disposed axially between the front cover and the flange and is sealed to the piston and the transmission input shaft. The floating hub is non-rotatably connected to the neck of the output element.

Abstract: A vehicle includes an engine, an electric machine, a torque converter, a weldment, an engine disconnect clutch, and a torque converter lockup clutch. The engine has a crankshaft. The electric machine has a rotor. The torque converter has an impeller and a turbine. The weldment is configured to rotate about an axis and to transfer power from the crankshaft and the rotor to the impeller. The weldment has a first hub, a second hub, a torque converter cover, an impeller housing, and a third hub. The engine disconnect clutch is configured to rotatably connect and disconnect the crankshaft to and from the weldment. The torque converter lockup clutch is configured to rotatably connect and disconnect the turbine to and from the weldment.

Abstract: A torque converter assembly that has a turbine assembly, a pump assembly, and a clutch assembly that selectively rotationally couples the turbine assembly to the pump assembly. The clutch assembly also has at least one clutch disk and a backing plate assembly defining a backing plate surface and formed by a first plate and a second plate coupled to one another. The first plate and the second plate are coupled to each other at a first radius and a second radius, the second radius being substantially adjacent to the backing plate surface.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic torque converter (1) with a lock-up clutch (6) in the form of a disk clutch in a clutch space (9) and with a piston (7) for actuating the lock-up clutch (6). The lock-up clutch (6) has an end disk (63) and a first disk carrier (61), on which the end disk (63) is radially and axially supported. The end disk (63) is arranged on the side of the lock-up clutch (6) remote from the piston (7). The lock-up clutch (6) has a second disk carrier (62). A sealing element (64) is provided, on the second disk carrier (62), a sealing gap (12) is formed between the end disk (63) and the sealing element (64).

Abstract: A torque converter comprises a front cover, an impeller including an impeller shell fixed to the front cover, and a turbine including a turbine shell axially movable to frictionally engage the impeller shell such that the turbine shell forms a turbine piston of a lock-up clutch. A damper assembly disposed between the front cover and the turbine shell comprises: springs; a flange connected to the turbine shell and drivingly engaged with the springs; and a spring retainer supporting the springs and connected to a turbine hub. A piston plate may be disposed between the spring retainer and front cover and configured to be axially displaceable to force the turbine piston against the impeller shell for engagement of the lock-up clutch. A seal plate may be fixed to the front cover and disposed between the front cover and the piston plate with the piston plate sealed to the seal plate.

Abstract: A control device for a vehicle having: an engine; a torque converter having a lock-up clutch; an engagement element disposed downstream of the torque converter; a drive shaft disposed downstream of the engagement element; and an electric motor disposed downstream of the engagement element, and connected to the drive shaft includes a control portion adapted to: in a case where an electric travel mode in which the lock-up clutch and the engagement element are disengaged is switched to an engine travel mode in which the lock-up clutch is disengaged and the engagement element is engaged, decrease driving torque of the electric motor after engagement of the engagement element; and gradually decrease the driving torque of the electric motor while gradually increasing driving torque of the engine after the driving torque of the electric motor is decreased.

Abstract: A multi-mode hybrid module includes a fluid coupling, an electric motor and a first clutch. The fluid coupling includes a fluid coupling housing, an impeller drivingly connected to the fluid coupling housing, and a turbine arranged for driving connection to a transmission input shaft. The electric motor includes a nonrotatable stator and a rotatable rotor including a rotor carrier. The first clutch is arranged to drivingly connect the rotor carrier directly to the transmission input shaft. In some example embodiments, the first clutch is a dog clutch. In some example embodiments, the multi-mode hybrid module includes a first clutch actuator. The first clutch has an axially slidable sleeve arranged to selectively rotationally connect the rotor carrier and the transmission input shaft, and the first clutch actuator is arranged to displace the axially slidable sleeve to connect and disconnect the rotor carrier and the transmission input shaft.

Abstract: An automatic transmission includes a transmission housing having a sump portion, a main transmission fluid pump arranged at the sump portion, and a recess having a fluid return passage. A torque converter mounted in the recess and a scavenging pump arranged in the sump portion and fluidically connected to the fluid return passage.

Abstract: A fluid transfer coupling comprises a first shaft assembly a second shaft assembly, and a seal assembly. The first shaft assembly comprises a first shaft and an annular fin attached to the first shaft, the annular fin having one or more internal passages extending therethrough. Each internal passage connects a centre portion of the first shaft to a radially outwardly facing side of the annular fin. The second shaft assembly comprises a second shaft and an annular trough extending radially outwardly of the second shaft.

Abstract: A lubrication system for a gas turbine engine includes a tank, a circulation pump, and a heat exchanger. The circulation pump generates a flow of lubricant from the tank to, e.g., a power gear box of the gas turbine engine and the heat exchanger removes an amount of heat from such flow of lubricant provided to the power gear box. The lubrication system also includes one or more valves in the flow of lubricant for controlling a flowrate and/or temperature of the lubricant provided to, e.g., the power gear box to increase an efficiency and/or durability of the power gear box.

Abstract: A torque converter includes a turbine including a plurality of turbine blades and an inner radial extension radially inward from the turbine blades. The torque converter also includes a stator including a plurality of stator blades and a stator body supporting the stator blades. At least one of the inner radial extension and the stator body is provided with a stator retaining assembly to limit radial movement of the stator with respect to the turbine.

Abstract: A lock-up device includes a clutch portion, an intermediate member, a driven plate, a damper portion and a dynamic damper device. The clutch portion is a portion into which a torque is inputted from a front cover. The intermediate member is a member into which the torque is inputted from the clutch portion. The driven plate is rotatable relatively to the intermediate member and is coupled to a turbine hub. The damper portion elastically couples the intermediate member and the driven plate in a rotational direction. The dynamic damper device is mounted to an outer peripheral part of the driven plate and attenuates fluctuation in a rotational speed.

Abstract: A motor vehicle clutch assembly is provided. The motor vehicle clutch assembly includes a radially extending section including an abutment surface; a clutch pack including a first clutch plate and a separator plate; an axially movable piston for engaging the clutch pack; and elastic connectors connecting the separator plate to the radially extending section. The elastic connectors preload the separator plate away from the abutment surface. The motor vehicle clutch assembly also includes a stop arranged for contacting the separator plate to limit axial movement of the separator plate away from the abutment surface. The stop is an axial distance away from the abutment surface such that the separator plate is forceable by the elastic connectors against the stop to provide clearance such that the first clutch plate is movable away from the abutment surface. A method of forming a motor vehicle clutch assembly is also provided.

Abstract: A fluid transmission device for a vehicle includes a cover and a positioning member. The cover is configured to be driven rotatably about the axis of the fluid transmission device integrally with a drive plate. The drive plate includes a positioning hole that positions the drive plate and the cover. The positioning member is a columnar member. The positioning member is provided on the surface side of the cover, which is opposed to the drive plate, at a radially outer position of the cover. The positioning member protrudes to a drive-plate side in a state where the positioning member is arranged in the positioning hole. The positioning member protrudes from the drive plate obliquely with respect to the axis direction of the fluid transmission device. A radially outermost position of the positioning member is located on the radially inner side relative to a radially outermost position of the cover.

Abstract: A multiple-fluid, multiple-substance, multiple-phase, multiple-pressure, multiple-temperature, multiple-stage turbine engine. In preferred embodiments, one or more fluids are supplied by passageways in the turbine shaft or supplied by non-shaft passageways, or both, through rotor passageways to multiple-phase, multiple-fluid, multiple-substance nozzles affixed to one or more perimeters, radial surfaces, axial surfaces, and/or curved or slanted surfaces of the turbine rotor assemblies. The multiple perimeters, radial surfaces, axial surfaces, and/or curved or slanted surfaces of the turbine rotor assemblies are preferably configured and located for multiple inlet and exit velocities of the nozzles, multiple inlet and exit pressures of the nozzles, or combinations thereof. The one or more fluids entering the turbine may each be a substance of single phase, or a substance of multiple phases, or a mix of the single-phase and/or multiple-phase conditions for two or more entrance fluids.

Abstract: An assembly includes a shell fixed against axial displacement, a clutch including first plates secured to the shell by a spline, a member fixed against axial displacement, supporting the shell and secured to the shell by the spline, a retainer for limiting axial movement of the first plates and member along the spline, and a piston for forcing the plates along the spline toward the retainer.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a torque converter, and more particularly, to a torque converter containing a stator having blades with non-linear edges and non-ruled surfaces to increase fluid flow within the torque converter and improve the performance thereof.

Abstract: A transmission includes a high-pressure circuit at least partially filled with transmission fluid at a first pressure, and a low-pressure circuit at least partially filled with transmission fluid at a second pressure, which is lower than the first pressure. A diffuser is in fluid communication with the high-pressure circuit and the low-pressure circuit. The diffuser has an inlet having a first cross-sectional area and receiving transmission fluid from the high-pressure circuit. The diffuser expels transmission fluid to the low-pressure circuit through an outlet having a second cross-sectional area, which is larger than the first cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A method is provided for storing energy including the steps of: during a time period when electrical energy is available at low prices, pumping water from a lower reservoir to a reservoir at a higher elevation wherein the difference between the elevation of the higher reservoir and the lower reservoir is at least 100 meters; during a time period when electrical energy is available at a higher price, utilizing a Pelton turbine to generate mechanical energy using the difference between the potential energy of the water at the higher reservoir and the lower reservoir and thereby transferring water from the higher reservoir to the lower reservoir; converting the mechanical energy to electrical energy; and when the mechanical power is not being generated, maintaining the Pelton turbine in a spinning stand-by mode.

Abstract: An example includes a hydraulically controllable coupling to couple a rotating input and to an output to rotate, or to decouple the input and the output, with coupling and decoupling modes selected by switching a hydraulic device such as a vane pump between a pumping mode and a mode in which it does not pump. In an example, the system cooperates with a transmission to increase the number of possible gear ratios in some examples.

Abstract: A seal assembly includes a seal carrier configured to be coupled to and rotate with a shaft. The seal carrier defines at least three annular recesses configured to receive annular seals. The seal assembly further includes at least three annular seals configured to provide a seal between the seal carrier and a non-rotating housing defining an inner surface having a circular cross-section. One of the at least three seals is received in each of the at least three annular recesses, and one of the at least three seals has a smaller cross-sectional area than a cross-sectional area of at least one of the other seals.

Abstract: A drive connection for fixing a torque converter to an engine crankshaft includes a crankshaft, a torque converter, and a threaded fastener. The crankshaft includes an end face, a rotational axis, and a threaded hole aligned with the axis. The torque converter includes a rotational axis and a cover having an aperture aligned with the axis. The threaded fastener extends through the aperture and is engaged with the threaded hole to secure the cover to the end face. In an example embodiment, the drive connection includes a sealing element disposed between the fastener and the cover. The sealing element may be a washer or an o-ring.

Abstract: A hub seal assembly includes a hub having a groove with a first radial wall, a first floating seal including a second radial wall, and a resilient element. The first floating seal is axially displaced by the resilient element so that the second radial wall contacts the first radial wall. In an example embodiment, the first floating seal includes polytetrafluoroethylene. In some example embodiments, the resilient element is an o-ring. In an example embodiment, the first floating seal includes a circumferential groove or a notch and the o-ring is at least partially disposed in the groove or the notch.

Abstract: A cover assembly for a torque converter is also provided. The cover assembly includes a front cover and a drive plate connected to an outer surface of the front cover for coupling to the front cover to an engine crankshaft. The drive plate includes elastic preloading elements pressing against the outer surface of the front cover. A method of forming a cover assembly for a torque converter is also provided.

Abstract: A vehicle drive device having a case that includes a support wall portion that extends in a radial direction of the rotary electric machine at a location between the rotary electric machine and the fluid coupling in the axial direction. A rotor member and the coupling input member are coupled so as to rotate in conjunction with each other to form a power transfer member. The vehicle drive device further includes a first bearing that supports the power transfer member from a second axial direction side so as to be rotatable with respect to the support wall portion, the second axial direction side being an opposite side from the first axial direction side, and a second bearing that supports the power transfer member from the first axial direction side so as to be rotatable with respect to the support wall portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hermetic compressor (1) used in operating cooling devices like the refrigerator, comprising a casing (2) carrying the elements therein, an oil sump (3) forming the lower portion of the casing (2) and wherein oil (Y) is put providing the lubrication of the movable elements, an electric motor having a rotor (4) and a stator, a piston (5) providing the delivery of the refrigerant fluid in pressurized state to the refrigeration system, a cylinder block (6) wherein the piston (5) operates, a crankshaft (7) delivering the rotational movement of the rotor (4) to the piston (5) by changing it to linear movement and an oil pickup tube (9) mounted to the core of the rotor (4), the lower end of which is immersed into the oil (Y) in the oil sump (3) and the upper end extending upwards from the middle of the rotor (4) and which delivers the oil (Y) to the crankshaft (7) by sucking from the oil sump (3) and a hydrodynamic coupling (10) that transfers the rotational movement of the rotor (

Abstract: A torsional vibration damping device that can ensure a space for allowing a mass body to make reciprocating movements and can improve the vibration damping performance is provided. A torsional vibration damping device in which a mass body is attached to a rotating body by two support pins includes two first hollow portions which are formed in the rotating body at positions corresponding to the respective support pins and into which the respective support pins are inserted, and two second hollow portions which are formed in the mass body at positions opposed to the respective first hollow portions and into which the respective support pins are inserted. Outer sides of inner peripheral edges of the respective first hollow portions in a radial direction of the rotating body serve as guide faces. Inner sides of inner peripheral edges of the respective second hollow portions in the radial direction of the rotating body serve as attachment faces.

Abstract: An automatic transmission device for an automobile includes a torque converter accommodated in a torque converter housing, a stator shaft supporting a stator of the torque converter, a torque converter housing, a stator shaft supporting a stator of the torque converter, a torque converter sleeve provided concentrically with the stator shaft and coupled with an inner periphery side of an impeller shell of the torque converter, a first bearing provided between an inner peripheral surface of the torque converter sleeve and an outer peripheral surface of the stator shaft, and a second bearing provided between an outer peripheral surface of the torque converter sleeve and an inner surface of the torque converter housing.

Abstract: A torque converter is provided that basically includes a front cover, an impeller, a turbine and a stator. The impeller core includes a plurality of impeller blades and an impeller core. The impeller core has a first protruded portion that protrudes axially from outlet-side end edges of the impeller blades. The turbine includes a turbine core and a plurality of turbine blades disposed in opposition to the impeller blades. The turbine core includes a second protruded portion that protrudes axially from inlet-side end edges of the turbine blades. The second protruded portion is located on an inner peripheral side of the first protruded portion and extends at least to a tip end of the first protruded portion.

Abstract: An automatic transmission includes: a torque converter; a stator in the torque converter; and a thrust washer adjacent the stator. The thrust washer includes a circulation circuit formed in the washer to facilitate fluid movement from one side of the washer to another side of the washer.

Abstract: A torque converter including a cover, a turbine pump in fluid contact with the turbine, and a pump shell connected to the cover. The torque converter includes a pump hub connected to the pump shell such that the pump shell and the pump hub are fixed with respect to rotation. The pump hub also includes a portion with a distal end having a plurality of indentations and a plurality of sloped surfaces in contact with the plurality of indentations. The plurality of sloped surfaces is arranged to receive a plurality of protrusions for a transmission pump gear and to urge the pump hub or the pump gear into rotational motion to urge the plurality of protrusions into mating engagement with the plurality of indentations.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a torque converter, and more particularly, to a torque converter containing a stator having blades with non-linear edges and non-ruled surfaces to increase fluid flow within the torque converter and improve the performance thereof.

Abstract: A thrust washer for a torque converter, the thrust washer having a curved front surface with a plurality of grooves for increasing fluid flow between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the thrust washer. This increased fluid flow reduces the buildup of back pressure within the torque converter enabling better operation thereof.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic machine has two blade wheels disposed opposite each other and together forming a toroidal working space. The space can be filled with a working medium to transmit torque hydrodynamically, by circulating the working medium in the space, from the first to the second blade wheel. The first blade wheel rotates about an axis of rotation. The second blade wheel rotates about the same axis of rotation in the same rotation direction as the first blade wheel or opposite thereto, or is held stationary. The blades of each blade wheel extend in an arc from a radially inner blade end on a radially inner wall of the working space to a radially outer blade end on a radially outer wall of the working space, and in plan view in the direction of the rotation axis the arc is in the shape of a circular arc on each blade wheel.

Abstract: A drain system for a torque converter may include a hydraulic drain path draining the oil used in the torque converter to the transmission, a hydraulic control path adapted to transmit the oil discharged out of the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic drain path, and a switch valve disposed at the hydraulic drain path, and adapted to operate by pressure of the oil supplied through the hydraulic control path, wherein the switch valve may selectively open/close the hydraulic drain path.

Abstract: A fluid coupling is provided having a housing, an input member, a pump assembly, and a turbine assembly. The pump assembly includes a pump portion disposed opposite a turbine portion of the turbine assembly. The turbine assembly further includes a damper assembly having a plurality of springs disposed radially between the turbine portion and a transmission input shaft.

Abstract: A vehicular torque converter includes: a pump impeller having a pump covering and vanes disposed within an output-side portion of the pump covering; a turbine impeller having vanes opposed to the pump impeller vanes; a stator impeller; a one-way clutch between the stator impeller and a stationary member; and a lock-up clutch configured to connect the turbine impeller to an inner surface of a wall of said pump covering. The vanes are offset with respect to the one-way clutch toward the output side. The vehicular torque converter further includes: a thrust bearing between the stator impeller and the turbine impeller, the thrust bearing having a sliding surface with respect to the stator impeller, the sliding surface being positioned radially outwardly of the one-way clutch and offset from an end face of each of sprags of the one-way clutch toward the output side.

Abstract: In a torque converter for performing torque transmission by circulating a working fluid between a pump impeller and a turbine runner, the working fluid is a magnetic viscous fluid; and in a torque converter housing, outside a circulation path of the working fluid, a yoke member connected to the pump impeller and provided with a coil and a magnetic member connected to the turbine runner are concentrically arranged with a predetermined space therebetween; and a magnetic circuit is established between the yoke member and the magnetic member upon energization of the coil.

Abstract: A drive plate that has a ring gear capable of meshing with a gear of a motor, and that transmits power from the engine to an element to which the power is to be transmitted. The drive plate includes a plate member that is fixed to a crankshaft of the engine. A ring gear member is formed as an annular member having the ring gear in its outer periphery. A plurality of fastening portions are each fastened to the plate member on an inner peripheral side with respect to the ring gear. A plurality of extended weld portions each extend from the inner peripheral side with respect to the ring gear to a side of the element, each having a free end that is welded to an outer periphery of a constituent member of the element to which the power is to be transmitted.

Abstract: A turbine assembly for a torque converter includes a turbine wheel, including vanes configured to receive fluid flow and cause the turbine wheel to rotate. The turbine assembly further includes a turbine hub coupled to the turbine wheel, wherein the turbine hub is configured to transmit torque from the turbine wheel to an output shaft of the torque converter. The turbine hub and the turbine wheel are coupled to one another via a plurality of fasteners and a plurality of drive pins, such that relative circumferential displacement between the turbine hub and the turbine wheel is prevented.

Abstract: A transmission includes a high-pressure circuit at least partially filled with transmission fluid at a first pressure, and a low-pressure circuit at least partially filled with transmission fluid at a second pressure, which is lower than the first pressure. A diffuser is in fluid communication with the high-pressure circuit and the low-pressure circuit. The diffuser has an inlet having a first cross-sectional area and receiving transmission fluid from the high-pressure circuit. The diffuser expels transmission fluid to the low-pressure circuit through an outlet having a second cross-sectional area, which is larger than the first cross-sectional area.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic machine has two blade wheels disposed opposite each other and together forming a toroidal working space. The space can be filled with a working medium to transmit torque hydrodynamically, by circulating the working medium in the space, from the first to the second blade wheel. The first blade wheel rotates about an axis of rotation. The second blade wheel rotates about the same axis of rotation in the same rotation direction as the first blade wheel or opposite thereto, or is held stationary. The blades of each blade wheel extend in an arc from a radially inner blade end on a radially inner wall of the working space to a radially outer blade end on a radially outer wall of the working space, and in plan view in the direction of the rotation axis the arc is in the shape of a circular arc on each blade wheel.

Abstract: An axial-flow turbine assembly that includes one or more features for enhancing the efficiency of the turbine's operation. In one embodiment, the turbine assembly includes a turbine rotor having blades that adjust their pitch angle in direct response to working fluid pressure on the blades themselves or other part(s) of the rotor. In other embodiments, the turbine assembly is deployable in an application, such as an oscillating water column system, in which the flow of working fluid varies over time, for example, as pressure driving the flow changes. In a first of these embodiments, the turbine assembly includes a valve that allows the pressure to build so that the flow is optimized for the turbine's operating parameters. In a second of these embodiments, one or more variable-admission nozzle and shutter assemblies are provided to control the flow through the turbine to optimize the flow relative to the turbine's operating parameters.

Abstract: A torque transmission device, particularly for a motor vehicle, for the transmission of a torque from a driving unit, particularly from an internal combustion engine, to a driven unit, particularly a transmission, has at least one bearing location which has at least one bearing support acting in axial and/or radial direction, wherein an insulation element preventing a flow of electric current is provided in the region of the at least one bearing location.

Abstract: A blade for a torque converter including a body having an outer edge, at least two shell tabs integral to the outer edge and extending therefrom and at least one flexible sealing flange adjacent to at least one of the at least two shell tabs, the at least one flexible sealing flange is integral to the outer edge and extending therefrom, wherein the outer edge is arranged to conform to an inner surface of a shell in a torque converter, the shell having at least two slots arranged therethrough, the at least one flexible sealing flange is arranged to conform to the inner surface of the shell to provide a fluid seal, the at least two shell tabs are disposed through the at least two slots and at least one of the at least two shell tabs is arranged to engage an outer surface of the shell.

Abstract: A hydrodynamic torque converter, having a housing arrangement is filled with fluid and an impeller with a plurality of impeller vanes successively arranged in circumferential direction around an axis of rotation, a turbine in a housing interior, the turbine has a plurality of turbine vanes successively arranged in circumferential direction around the axis of rotation, and a stator with stator vanes successively arranged in circumferential direction around the axis of rotation. The impeller, the turbine and the stator form a fluid circulation torus with a torus diameter Td considered radially with respect to the axis of rotation, an outer radius Ra with respect to the axis of rotation, and a torus width considered in direction of the axis of rotation.

Abstract: The invention concerns a hydrodynamic coupling, having a pump wheel and a turbine wheel, which form together a toroidal working chamber which can be filled with working medium; with a closed working medium circuit, which extends from the working chamber via a working chamber outlet, an external circuit branch and a working chamber inlet back into the working chamber; with a storage chamber positioned outside the working chamber and outside the closed working medium circuit, for receiving the working medium evacuated from the working chamber for reducing the filling level of the working chamber, which is connected via a connection for conveying the working medium outside the working chamber to the closed working medium circuit. The invention is characterized in that the storage chamber is designed as a confined chamber which is pressure-tight to the environment, having a control pressure port so as to forcibly displace the working medium in the storage chamber with a control pressure.

Abstract: The disconnect clutch and motor of a parallel type hybrid electric vehicle are repositioned within the wet zone of an automatic transmission to compactly and efficiently reconfigure a drive line using a motor and transmission assembly. A drive shell is provided interposed between the engine output and the disconnect clutch input which surrounds the torque converter enabling the torque converter to move independent to the engine output shaft. The resulting structure is compact and provides good structural support and cooling for the disconnect clutch and motor.

Abstract: An example includes a hydraulically controllable coupling to couple a rotating input and to an output to rotate, or to decouple the input and the output, with coupling and decoupling modes selected by switching a hydraulic device such as a vane pump between a pumping mode and a mode in which it does not pump. In an example, the system cooperates with a transmission to increase the number of possible gear ratios in some examples.