Abstract: Apparatus configured to detect congenital heart disease (CHD) in newborns may comprise a body with a cavity configured to receive a hand or foot of a newborn. Sensor pairs of the apparatus may be configured scan such that the best signals can be selected, which can accommodate for movements of the newborn and/or facilitate impartialness as to which body part is inserted in the apparatus. Positions of the sensor pairs may be adjusted to ensure contact with the newborn's skin. A disposable cover may protect the newborn's skin from contacting the apparatus. The apparatus may include a pressure device so that CHD threshold values can be adjusted for different altitudes. The apparatus may integrate with electronic medical record (EMR) systems.

Abstract: Processing PPG data using a device can include determining a quality estimate for a segment of PPG data and, in response to determining that the quality estimate exceeds a quality threshold, filtering the segment of the PPG data based upon an estimate of periodicity of the segment of the PPG data. A health marker can be determined for the segment of PPG data. The health marker can be validated based upon a prior determination of the health marker from PPG data. In response to the validation, the health marker can be output.

Abstract: A device to extract physiological information has at least one laser emitter. At least one optical detector is used to detect a change in optical power absorption. The laser emitter and optical detector are wire bonded into a chip scale module.

Abstract: Systems and methods for customizable titration of an implantable neurostimulator are provided. A method of titrating a neurostimulation signal delivered to a patient from an implantable pulse generator includes delivering a first neurostimulation signal with a first set of parameters, increasing a first value of the first neurostimulation signal at a first rate for a first period of time while delivering the first neurostimulation signal, ceasing delivery of the first neurostimulation signal when the first value reaches a first target value, delivering a second neurostimulation signal with a second set of parameters, and increasing the second neurostimulation signal at a second rate for a second period of time while delivering the second neurostimulation signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for determining individual-specific blood flow characteristics. One method includes acquiring, for each of a plurality of individuals, individual-specific anatomic data and blood flow characteristics of at least part of the individual's vascular system; executing a machine learning algorithm on the individual-specific anatomic data and blood flow characteristics for each of the plurality of individuals; relating, based on the executed machine learning algorithm, each individual's individual-specific anatomic data to functional estimates of blood flow characteristics; acquiring, for an individual and individual-specific anatomic data of at least part of the individual's vascular system; and for at least one point in the individual's individual-specific anatomic data, determining a blood flow characteristic of the individual, using relations from the step of relating individual-specific anatomic data to functional estimates of blood flow characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photoplethysmography apparatus (100), comprising a source of light (110) configured to provide source light (130) of at least a first and a second spectral position directed at a tissue (140); alight detector (120) configured to detect scattered source light, and to provide at least a first and a second sensor signal (127, 29) indicative of the scattered source light of the first and second spectral position; and a processing unit (150). The processing unit is configured to calculate a corrected sensor signal (160), indicative of a variation in blood absorbance within the tissue, by removing a tissue-path error signal component, indicative of a variation in optical path length through the tissue over time, and a light-coupling error signal component, indicative of a variation of source light intensity of the source light emitted at the tissue, from the at least first and second sensor signals.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for hemodynamically characterizing a neurological or fitness state by dynamic scattering light (DLS) is disclosed herein. In particular, a non-pulsatile blood-shear-rate-descriptive (BSRD) signal(s) is optically generated and analyzed. In some embodiments, the BSRD signal is generated dynamically so as to adaptively maximize (i.e. according to a bandpass or frequency-selection profile) a prominence of a predetermined non-pulsatile physiological signal within the BSRD. In some embodiments, the BSRD is subjected to a stochastic or stationary-status analysis. Alternatively or additionally, the neurological or fitness state may be computed from multiple BSRDs, including two or more of: (i) a [sub-200 Hz, ˜300 Hz] BSRD signal; (ii) a [˜300 Hz, ˜1000 Hz] signal; (iii) a [˜1000 Hz, ˜4000 Hz] signal and (iv) a [˜4000 Hz, z Hz] (z>=7,000) signal.

Abstract: A device for measuring brain oxygen level of a subject, including a probe (210) and a detecting means (220), which are respectively coupled to a processor (230). According to the example, the probe (210) includes three light sources (215a, 215b, 215c) that simultaneously emit the first, second, and third NIR wavelengths across the brain of the subject. The first NIR wavelength is the isosbestic wavelength for oxy-hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxy-hemoglobin (Hb), the second NIR wavelength is shorter than the first NIR wavelength, and the third NIR wavelength is longer than the first NIR wavelength. The detecting means (220) includes a first, second and third detectors (221, 222, 223) for respectively detecting the NIR intensities of the first, second and third NIR wavelengths traveled across the brain. The processor (230) is configured to determine blood oxygen level based on the measured NIR intensities of the first, second and third NIR wavelengths by use of build-in algorithm derived from Beer-Lambert Law.

Abstract: A system comprises of a pulse oximeter and diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) apparatus to perform pulse oximetry measurements. To calculate oxygen saturation, the pulse oximeter utilizes a pulse wave which is measured by an apparatus other than the pulse oximeter itself. In one embodiment, the different apparatus mentioned above is the diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS) apparatus.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to a system and method for non-invasively monitoring health of a vascular system of a patient. The system comprises a monitoring device for measuring vascular activity of the patient; and a server configured for performing steps of the method. The method steps comprise: receiving a set of signals comprising a vascular signal derived from vascular activity measurements of the patient by the monitoring device; reconstructing an identity pulse from the vascular signal; determining identity pulse features from the identity pulse; comparing data from a set of features with a patient database, the set of features comprising the identity pulse features; and generating a patient risk assessment of vascular health conditions based on results from the comparison with the patient database, wherein the patient database comprises data associated with the set of features for a population of patients.

Abstract: A method and a system for processing a heart rate (HR) in an electronic device are provided. The method includes detecting a photoplethysmography (PPG) signal, producing a first HR from the detected PPG signal, producing a second HR from the detected PPG signal, determining a resultant HR by analyzing the first HR and the second HR, and displaying the resultant HR.

Abstract: A respiratory effort sensing apparatus (2) includes a flexible belt member (8) having a first buckle member (12A) and a second buckle member (12B), and a wearable respiratory monitoring recording device (6). The monitoring device includes: (i) a processing apparatus (34) structured to be selectively operable in a sleep mode and an active mode, and (ii) buckle detection circuitry (46) structured to detect that both buckle members are operatively coupled to the respiratory monitoring recording device and in response thereto generate a buckle detection signal. The processing apparatus is structured to, in response to receiving the buckle detection signal, automatically: (a) move from the sleep mode to the active mode, and (b) generate data indicative of a respiratory effort of a patient over time based on an effort-based signal generated by the respiratory effort sensing apparatus in response to changes in volume of a body part of the patient.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an emergency determination device. The emergency determination device includes a sensor configured to detect a vital sign of a person and a hand gesture of the person within a predetermined range, and a determiner configured to analyze the vital sign recognized by the sensor, to additionally analyze the hand gesture based on a result obtained by analyzing the vital sign, and to determine whether the emergency occurs, wherein the determiner analyzes the vital sign and determines whether the emergency occurs after the sensor detects a wake-up behavior.

Abstract: An embodiment of a system for treating sleep apnea includes a collar, a pump, a motor, a sensor, and a controller. The collar is configured to maintain an airway of a subject open while the subject is sleeping by applying, to a throat of the subject, a negative pressure having a magnitude, and the pump is configured to generate the negative pressure. The motor is configured to drive the pump, and the sensor is configured to generate a sense signal that is related to a degree to which the airway is open. And the controller is configured to vary the magnitude of the negative pressure in response to the sense signal. For example, one or more of the pump, motor, sensor, and controller can be secured to the collar such that the system is self-contained, i.e., the entire sleep-apnea system can be worn by the subject.

Abstract: An oxygen saturation measuring apparatus is provided. The oxygen saturation measuring apparatus includes a sensor configured to detect motion of the oxygen saturation measuring apparatus, a light emitter comprising light emitting circuitry configured to emit light to a target subject, a light receiver comprising light receiving circuitry configured to receive one or more of light reflected by the target subject or light transmitted through the target subject to generate a signal, and a processor configured to filter a frequency component corresponding to the detected motion in the signal, to detect a pulse frequency from the filtered signal, and to determine oxygen saturation of the target subject using the filtered signal and the detected pulse frequency.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes: an image acquisition unit that acquires a plurality of endoscope images obtained by imaging an observation target at different times with an endoscope; a blood vessel extraction unit that extracts blood vessels of the observation target from the plurality of endoscope images; a blood vessel information calculation unit that calculates a plurality of pieces of blood vessel information for each of the blood vessels extracted from the endoscope images; a blood vessel parameter calculation unit that calculates a blood vessel parameter, which is relevant to the blood vessel extracted from each of the endoscope images, by calculation using the blood vessel information; and a blood vessel change index calculation unit that calculates a blood vessel change index, which indicates a temporal change of the blood vessel, using the blood vessel parameter.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an efficient fabrication approach to create highly customizable wearable electronics through rapid laser machining and adhesion-controlled soft materials assembly. Well-aligned, multi-layered materials can be created from 2D and 3D elements that stretch and bend while seamlessly integrating with rigid components such as microchip integrated circuits (IC), discrete electrical components, and interconnects. These techniques are applied using commercially available materials. These materials and methods enable custom wearable electronics while offering versatility in design and functionality for a variety of bio-monitoring applications.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an extracorporeale interface unit (8), for an intravascular measurement system for measuring a physiological, or other, variable in a living body, being adapted to generate a sensor signal in response of said variable. The interface unit (8) comprises a sensor interface circuitry (6) adapted to interface a sensor wire configured to be inserted into the living body and provided with one or many sensor element(s) at its distal region. The sensor interface circuitry (6) further comprises a measurement unit (9) adapted to generate the measured data of the variable as a sensor signal. The sensor interface circuitry (6) comprises two current source units (CSU1, CSU2) adapted to energize the sensor element(s) via at least two connection points (CP1, CP2, . . . CPn), and a switching unit (10), wherein the switching unit (10) is adapted to alternately switch connection between the current source units (CSU1, CSU2) and at least two of the connection points (CP1, CP2, . . .

Abstract: A blood oxygenation sensor is provided comprising: a first current-powered light source to produce light having a first wavelength; a second current-powered light source to produce light having a second wavelength; a light sensor to produce a current signal having a magnitude that is indicative of intensity of light incident upon it; a current level driver circuit that includes a current source configured to couple the current source to alternatively provide current to one of the first current-powered light source and the second light current-powered light source; a processor configured to predict times of occurrence of one or more first time intervals in which arterial volume at a tissue site is at one of a maximum and a minimum; wherein the processor is configured to control the current source, to provide a first pattern of higher power-dissipation current pulses to the first and second current-powered light sources during the first time intervals, and to provide a second pattern of lower power-dissipation

Abstract: A system tracks movement of the VR input device relative to a portion of a user's skin, track movement of the VR input device relative to a physical surface external to the VR input device, or both. The system includes an illumination source integrated with a tracking glove coupled to a virtual reality console, and the illumination source is configured to illuminate a portion of skin on a finger of a user. The system includes an optical sensor integrated with the glove, and the optical sensor is configured to capture a plurality of images of the illuminated portion of skin. The system includes a controller configured to identify differences between one or more of the plurality of images, and to determine estimated position data based in part on the identified differences.

Abstract: A method is described that makes it possible to measure flushing, particularly in the context of the study of rosacea, and to distinguish normal flushing from pathological flushing. Also described, is the use of said method to study the effect of drug candidates, particularly against rosacea. The method can include: a) subjecting the subject to a flushing inducing stimulus; b) measuring the inflow of blood in the face of the subject during a time period covering the flushing; and c) calculating entropy of the inflow of blood.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a data processing method comprises obtaining one or more first photoplethysmography (PPG) signals based on one or more first light sources that are configured to emit light having a first light wavelength corresponding to a green light wavelength; obtaining one or more second PPG signals based on one or more second light sources that are configured to emit light having a second light wavelength corresponding to a red light wavelength, one or more of the first light sources and one or more of the second light sources being co-located; generating an estimated heart rate value based on one or more of the first PPG signals and the second PPG signals; and causing the estimated heart rate value to be displayed via a user interface on a client device.

Abstract: Provided according to embodiments of the invention are systems for monitoring a physiological state of an individual that include a PPG sensor, which optionally includes an auxiliary physiological sensor integrated with or connected thereto; a first signal processing device in electronic communication with the PPG sensor, whereby the PPG sensor transmits PPG signals to the first signal processing device; and a second signal processing device that detects at least a portion of the signals transmitted by the PPG sensor to the first signal processing device, at least a portion of signals transmitted by the auxiliary physiological sensor, or both. Related methods are also provided herein.

Abstract: A device for non-contact measurement of blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) in a mammalian subject including a camera and one or more arrays of LEDs each having a first set of LEDs emitting near infrared (NIR), and the second set of LEDs emitting orange light located in an optical path adapted to transmit reflected light from a subject to the camera. A controller transmits a camera trigger to the camera, and is further coupled to transmit control signals to the one or more arrays of LEDs. A processor receives photoplethysmography (PPG) data signal values from the camera. The PPG data signal values are present in the reflected light and include pulsatile and non-pulsatile components. The processor determines SpO2 values from the PPG data signal values from the measured ratios of pulsatile to non-pulsatile components of the PPG signals.

Abstract: A tissue monitoring device includes a light emitter, a light detector, a probe, and a controller. The light emitter emits light through tissue in the subject, such as tissues in the subject's head. The light detector detects light emitted from the light emitter and scattered by the subject's tissue. The probe is inserted into an orifice of the subject and includes one of the light emitter and light detector. The controller communicates with the light detector and the light emitter and detects an oxygenation level of the blood in the subject's tissue based upon measurements of the scattered light. The probe may include one or more bladders for blocking ambient light and/or for ensuring contact exists between the light detector (or emitter) and an interior surface of the subject's orifice.

Abstract: An air delivery system includes a controllable flow generator operable to generate a supply of pressurized breathable gas to be provided to a patient for treatment and a pulse oximeter configured to determine a measure of patient effort during a treatment period and provide a patient effort signal for input to control operation of the flow generator.

Abstract: Various embodiments relate to a wearable device for obtaining signals from a subject for use in the monitoring of pulse-related information of the subject. To enable the use of such a device in the monitoring of pulse-related information, which provides for unobtrusive, reproducible, easy to use, and simple measurements, the device comprises a body, a PPG signal sensing unit for acquiring a first PPG signal from a first body location of the subject, and an imaging unit for acquiring a sequence of images from a second body location of the subject's body different from the first body location, said sequence of images being configured for deriving a second PPG signal for the second body location of the subject. Said PPG signal sensing unit and said imaging unit are mounted in or at the device body and are configured to simultaneously acquire the first PPG signal and the sequence of images.

Abstract: An optical apparatus for obtaining a reflectance spectrum includes a first means for generating a light, a second means for transferring and receiving the light on a substrate, a third means for collecting a diffusely reflected light, and a fourth means for separating the diffusely reflected light from a specular reflected light to obtain information about a concentration of a chromophore in the substrate. The second means is an optic probe made of Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) material including an inner rod and an outer rod, the inner rod is nested within the outer rod for collection and for illumination, the inner rod and the outer rod are coaxial, the inner rod is longer than the outer rod, the inner rod is isolated from the outer rod with a semi mirrored isolator, the reflected light is reflected from deep within the substrate by the inner rod.

Abstract: Automated critical congenital heart defect (“CCHD”) screening systems and processes are described. A caregiver may be guided to use a single or dual sensor pulse oximeter to obtain pre- and post-ductal blood oxygenation measurements. A delta of the measurements indicates the possible existence or nonexistence of a CCHD. Errors in the measurements are reduced by a configurable measurement confidence threshold based on, for example, a perfusion index. Measurement data may be stored and retrieved from a remote data processing center for repeated screenings.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to noninvasive methods, devices, and systems for measuring various blood constituents or analytes, such as glucose. In an embodiment, a light source comprises LEDs and super-luminescent LEDs. The light source emits light at least wavelengths of about 1610 nm, about 1640 nm, and about 1665 nm. In an embodiment, the detector comprises a plurality of photodetectors arranged in a special geometry comprising one of a substantially linear substantially equal spaced geometry, a substantially linear substantially non-equal spaced geometry, and a substantially grid geometry.

Abstract: A system may include a photoplethysmograph (PPG) sensor configured to be secured to a patient and to generate a PPG signal for the patient. The system may also include a motion sensor configured to generate a motion signal indicative of motion of the patient. Further, the system may include a controller configured to receive the PPG signal from the PPG sensor and the motion signal from the motion sensor, to analyze the motion signal to detect motion of the patient, and to deactivate the at least one emitter of the PPG sensor based on the analysis of the motion signal when motion of the patient is detected.

Abstract: A heart beat detection device comprises at least one optical reflection sensor to be positioned on the skin of a person. The sensor unit is provided with a light emitter and a corresponding light receiver which converts the light reflected by the skin into an electric signal and comprises electrically adjustable optical filters connected to the emitter, to the receiver or to both of them in order to select, upon operation, a desired light wavelength and perform processing of the signals thus obtained in order to reinforce the heart beat signal. A system with this device and a detection method are also described.

Abstract: Automated critical congenital heart defect (“CCHD”) screening systems and processes are described. A caregiver may be guided to use a single or dual sensor pulse oximeter to obtain pre- and post-ductal blood oxygenation measurements. A delta of the measurements indicates the possible existence or nonexistence of a CCHD. Errors in the measurements are reduced by a configurable measurement confidence threshold based on, for example, a perfusion index. Measurement data may be stored and retrieved from a remote data processing center for repeated screenings.

Abstract: A navigation system comprises a base system and at least one correction system. The base system and the at least one correction system each capture measured values. The measured values describe navigation data, and are each burdened with error values. The error values describe discrepancies in the measured values from the described navigation data. At least the error values of the measured values of the base system are recognized by the measured values of the at least one correction system and wherein the recognition is effected by considering an availability of the at least one correction system. The consideration represents adaptation of parameters of a stochastic system model. The stochastic system model prescribes a weighting for measured values of the at least one correction system with respect to measured values of the base system in accordance with the parameters.

Abstract: A physiological signal measurement apparatus includes a battery cover covering an area where a battery of a terminal device is detachably attached, a sensor unit detecting a physiological signal, the sensor unit being included in the battery cover, and a control unit controlling the sensor unit to detect the physiological signal, wherein the physiological signal measurement apparatus is detachably attached to the terminal device as the battery cover is detachably attached to the terminal device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide techniques and configurations for an apparatus for opportunistic measurements and processing of user's context. In one instance, the apparatus may include a sensor module with sensors disposed on a work surface to maintain direct or indirect contact with portions of user's limbs for a time period when the portions of user's limbs are disposed on the work surface, to obtain readings of first and second parameters of user's context over the time period of the direct or indirect contact; and a processing module to process the readings of the first and second parameters, including to identify a first feature of the first parameter and a second feature of the second parameter that is temporally correlated with the first feature, and determine a third parameter of the user's context based on the identified first and second features. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: A handheld device includes a contact surface, an optical module, a processor, a display module, and a user operable switch. The optical module is disposed on the contact surface. The optical module has at least one optical emitter and at least one optical detector. The at least one optical detector has a light shield associated with the contact surface. The light shield is configured to exclude ambient light from the contact surface when the contact surface abuts tissue of a patient. The processor is coupled to the optical module and configured to execute instructions for determining a measure of oximetry corresponding to the tissue. The display module is coupled to the processor and is configured to indicate the measure of oximetry. The user operable switch is configured to activate at least one of the processor, the optical module, and the display module.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for providing dynamic displays. In one embodiment, a method is provided wherein health parameters having goals associated therewith are displayed; data relating to the health parameters is received and the display is incremented according to a progress of the user toward the goal. When collection of the data is completed, it is determined whether a current value of a first one of the heath parameters within a predetermined range of the goal associated therewith. When the current value of the first one of the health parameters is within the range, a portion of the display relating thereto is upgraded. When the current value of all of the health parameters is within the range, upgrading the entire display. The display upgrades may comprise display of an animation and/or using color, light, and/or flashing to simulate a shining or shimmering of the display.

Abstract: Methods and systems for imaging tissue of a subject are disclosed, and involve illuminating the tissue with a coherent light having a coherent wavelength, acquiring image data of the tissue using a color image sensor, and processing the image data using laser speckle contrast analysis while correcting for differences in sensitivity of color pixels at the coherent wavelength to generate a perfusion image of the tissue. The perfusion image is then displayed to the user. Also disclosed are methods and systems for correcting for ambient light and for acquiring white light images along with laser speckle images.

Abstract: A biological signal measuring system includes: a light emitter emitting a first light beam and a second light beam; a light receiver outputting first and second signals in accordance with light intensities of the first and second light beams that have been passed through or reflected from a living tissue of a subject; a first calculating section acquiring a light attenuation of the first light beam based on the first signal and a light attenuation of the second light beam based on the second signal; a second calculating section acquiring a blood-derived light attenuation based on the light attenuation of the first and second light beams; a third calculating section acquiring information relating to a blood oxygen saturation based on a change amount of the blood-derived light attenuation associated with pressurization of the living tissue; and an outputting section outputting the acquired information.

Abstract: A watch type terminal including a main body mountable on part of a user; at least one biometric sensor installed in the main body; and a controller configured to control the biometric sensor to detect a biometric signal of the user, determine target biometric data for the user to be collected based on the detected biometric signal, control the biometric sensor to detect additional biometric signals of the user to collect the target biometric data, and output the target biometric data to the user.

Abstract: A vital signs measuring apparatus includes: a measuring section which is configured to measure vital signs of a subject; a receiving section which is configured to receive vital signs of the subject transmitted from a source measuring apparatus; a displaying section which is configured to display at least one of the vital signs measured by the measuring section, and the vital signs received by the receiving section; and a controlling section which is configured to produce a display screen that is to be displayed on the displaying section, the controlling section which is configured to change a display effect of vital signs on the display screen, based on whether the vital signs are received by the receiving section or not.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems and methods for monitoring a patient to produce a signal representing a blood oxygen concentration. The signal may be analyzed to determine the presence of one or more sleep apnea events, and an integral of the signal may be calculated if the signal is outside of a set range or threshold. A practitioner may choose to be informed of the presence of sleep apnea events if the blood oxygen concentration is less then a preset limit, if an upper limit has been reached for an integral representing the severity of the oxygen deprivation over time, or anytime sleep apnea events may be present in the signal.

Abstract: A contactless detection method with noise elimination is applied to measuring the information of physiological and physical activities. It includes following steps: sensing a human body to generate an image by an image sensor; capturing a physiological signal from the image; tracing a feature point of the human body in the image to generate a physical activity signal; and calculating information of physical activities covering step count, speed and calories according to the physical activity signal and the physiological signal. In particular, the contactless detection method treats the physiological signal cooperated with the physical activity signal to separate a noise from the physiological signal, so as to generate an ideal physiological signal. Therefore, the physiological information is calculated more accurately according to the ideal physiological signal.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a femtowatt sensitivity optical detector is provided using one or more photodiodes, intended as a replacement for the photomultiplier based photon counting unit.

Abstract: A system and methods for screening patients suspected of obstructive sleep apnea. The system includes a sound detection device configured for detecting tracheal respiratory sound signals of a patient and a Sao2 detection device for detecting SaO2 signals of the patient. The system also has a head position detection device for detecting the head positions of the patient during testing, and a processing module for receiving and analyzing the tracheal respiratory sound signals to extract sound data and the Sao2 signals to extract blood oxygen saturation data. The processing module further receives and analyzes the head position signals captured by the head position detection device to generate head position data. The system may further include a display for displaying information about the various data generated by the processing module.

Abstract: The invention provides a system and method for measuring vital signs (e.g. SYS, DIA, SpO2, heart rate, and respiratory rate) and motion (e.g. activity level, posture, degree of motion, and arm height) from a patient. The system features: first and second sensors configured to independently generate time-dependent waveforms indicative of one or more contractile properties of the patient's heart; and a cuff-based oscillometric module. A processing component, typically worn on the patient's body and featuring a microprocessor, receives the time-dependent waveforms generated by the different sensors and processes them to determine patient-specific calibration values for use in a continuous blood pressure measurement based on pulse wave velocity (PWV).

Abstract: A system for determining a vital sign of a subject releases the likelihood of generating and outputting false alarms. The system includes a vital sign processor that processes the vital sign information signal measured by a sensor attached to a subject to obtain a vital sign of said subject. An image analysis unit detects motion of a marker attached to the sensor from image data obtained by an imaging unit from at least an imaging region containing the sensor. An alarm unit generates and outputs an alarm signal based (1) on the measured vital sign information signal and/or the obtained vital sign and (2) the detected motion of said marker.

Abstract: A self-monitoring catheter system may detect an obstruction during use of a catheter. The system may include a catheter with an interior lumen that has one or more ports into the lumen; a first and a second electrode; and an impedance measurement instrument that measures changes in the impedance between the first and the second electrodes after the first electrode is exposed to fluid within the catheter lumen, thereby signaling an obstruction during use of the catheter.

Abstract: A pharmacodynamic (PD), pharmacokinetic (PK), or both and PK guided infusion device, system and method optimizes the safety and efficacy of various forms of treatment or therapy (e.g., drug and/or fluid) in a variety of health-care and other settings.