Abstract: According to one embodiment, an evaluation device for an energy storage device includes first processing circuitry and second processing circuitry. The first processing circuitry acquires data items including an amount of charge and a voltage value measured in a measurement period from the energy storage device, the energy storage device being charge-discharge-controlled according to charge-discharge command values. The second processing circuitry generates a representative data item of voltage values for amounts of charge, based on the data items acquired for the measurement period; and evaluates a degradation state of the energy storage device, based on a relative change between a plurality of the representative data items corresponding to a plurality of the measurement periods.

Abstract: A method for battery capacity estimation is provided. The method includes, within a computerized processor, monitoring a sensor operable to gather data regarding a battery, determining a voltage-based state of charge for the battery based upon the data from the sensor, determining a capacity degradation value for the battery based upon the data from the sensor, determining an integrated current value through Coulomb counting based upon the data from the sensor, determining a predicted battery state of charge for the battery based upon the capacity degradation value and the integrated current value, processing the voltage-based state of charge and the predicted battery state of charge using a Kalman filter to generate an updated overall battery capacity estimate, and using the updated overall battery capacity estimate to control management of the battery.

Abstract: An electronic assembly includes a board and a system mounted to the board. The system includes an impedance matching circuit coupled to a contactless component. A detection circuit operates to carrying out a process for detecting on the board of potential faults in the system mounted to the board. The detection circuit includes a circuit incorporated into the contactless component itself and configured to carrying out a first part of the process for detecting. A processing circuit of the detection circuit performs a second part of the process for detecting based on results of the first part.

Abstract: An electrical energy storage system includes a battery configured to store and discharge electric power to an energy grid, a power inverter configured to use battery power setpoints to control an amount of the electric power stored or discharged from the battery, the battery power setpoints comprising at least one of frequency regulation power setpoints and ramp rate control power setpoints, and a controller. The controller is configured to use a battery life model to generate the battery power setpoints for the power inverter. The battery life model includes one or more variables that depend on the battery power setpoints.

Abstract: The control device for an electric motor according to this application provides a battery voltage detecting part for detecting a battery voltage at the time of driving a motor driven by a battery, and a minimum voltage holding part for keeping the battery voltage above the predetermined voltage by reducing the consumption current of the electric motor when the battery voltage detected by the battery voltage detecting part falls below a predetermined voltage during driving of the electric motor, so that it is possible to suppress a reduction in battery voltage during driving at low cost, and it is possible to keep the battery voltage above the predetermined voltage.

Abstract: Aspects of the present disclosure include arrays of motion sensors that may be used to monitor a space to determine occupancy characteristics of the space, such as whether or not the space is occupied and the number of people located within the space. The array of motion sensors may be operatively connected to one or more building system components, such as lighting and HVAC equipment and can be used for adjusting an operating condition of the building system component based on whether a space is occupied.

Abstract: A system and method of predicting variations in a capacity of a battery, the system including an ADFM management device including an experimental data collector to collect at least one first piece of data about the capacity of the battery, an ADF optimizer to optimize a first calculation equation, and a virtual data generator to generate at least one second piece of data; and a server including a training unit to train an artificial intelligence model for outputting the relative capacity variation value by using the at least one first piece of data and the at least one second piece of data as training data, and a prediction unit to obtain a relative capacity variation prediction value, which is output from the artificial intelligence model when the number of charge and discharge cycles and the charge and discharge conditions of the battery are input to the artificial intelligence model.

Abstract: A physics-based calendar life model for determining the state of health of a lithium ion battery cell. The model accounts for parasitic reactions on anode and cathode particles to accurately determine degradation of a battery. By incorporating electrolyte decomposition in a cathode, the present calendar model can predict capacity retention as well as the substantial rise of cell resistance at high state of charge (SOC) and temperatures. The present calendar model is a simple algorithm, utilizing only three parameters, and determines the capacity retention and resistance rise based on temperature, SOC and time.

Abstract: A method may determine a remaining capacity of a cell that includes a lithium-alloying material in an electrode using a controller. The method includes receiving a temperature signal representing a temperature of a partially discharged cell and receiving a voltage signal representing a voltage of the partially discharged cell. The method further includes determining a time-dependent fade component and a cycle-dependent fade component of the cell. The time-dependent fade component of the cell is determined based on the temperature, the voltage, and an operating time of the cell. The cycle-dependent fade component of the cell is determined based on a depth of discharge of the partially discharged cell and cycle count data representing cycle-dependent fade from previous cycles of the cell. The method further includes determining a remaining capacity of the cell based on the time-dependent fade component, the cycle-dependent fade component, and a reference capacity of the cell.

Abstract: Apparatus, device, methods and system relating to a vehicular telemetry environment for monitoring vehicle components and providing indications towards the condition of the vehicle components and providing optimal indications towards replacement or maintenance of vehicle components before vehicle component failure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining the state of an electrochemical reactor (1), having the steps of: operating an electrode section (2) of the electrochemical reactor (1) for the purpose of generating a harmonic current and voltage signal by means of the electrode section (2), and estimating the amplitude and/or phase of the harmonic current and voltage signal in a model-based manner, wherein the state of the electrochemical reactor (1) is determined on the basis of the estimation, wherein a recursive, time-series-based method is used to estimate the amplitude and/or phase of the harmonic current and voltage signal. The invention also relates to a diagnostic system (3), to a computer program product (5) and to a storage means (6).

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present technology may provide methods and apparatus for computing parasitic resistance in a battery system. The apparatus may provide various circuits to perform functions such as storing known battery characteristic data, measuring battery voltage, computing remaining capacity, determining whether the battery is charging in a constant current state, measuring the duration of the constant current state, and calculating the parasitic resistance based on the measured duration and the battery characteristic data.

Abstract: Provided is a method and a battery management system for estimating the parameters of an equivalent circuit model. The equivalent circuit model includes a first resistor, a second resistor connected in series to the first resistor and a capacitor connected in parallel to the second resistor. The method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure individually estimates the resistance of the first resistor and the resistance of the second resistor based on a first number of terminal voltages and a first number of currents measured in a sequential order at each time step in a sliding time window having a predefined size, and stores data indicating the estimated results in the memory.

Abstract: A method with battery state estimation may include: generating a plurality of electrochemical-thermal (ECT) models corresponding to modeling conditions based on an arbitrary parameter of an ECT model configured to perform modeling of a battery; determining a target parameter of the ECT model based on an error between an actual state of the battery and a model-derived state of the battery obtained by a parallel operation of the plurality of ECT models; and estimating a state of the battery based on the target parameter.

Abstract: Performance and lifespan of batteries deteriorate with time due to various factors. Existing systems for battery management use different approaches for the battery management, and also rely on static value of parameters for State of Health (SOH) and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) estimation, thereby failing to consider current condition of the battery. The disclosure herein generally relates to battery management, and, more particularly, to a method and system for online battery management involving real-time estimation of State of Health (SOH) and Remaining Useful Life (RUL) of a battery, based on real-time data collected from the battery. The system determines state of the battery as one of charging, discharging, and rest. Further, corresponding to the determined state, the system determines values of one or more parameters, and processes the determined values with a battery performance model for online determination of the SOH and RUL.

Abstract: Method for monitoring a stable convergence behaviour of a Kalman filter (KF), which estimates states and/or parameters of an energy storage system, in particular a battery cell (BZ), wherein a covariance behaviour—provided by the Kalman filter (KF)—in terms of at least one state and/or parameter of the energy storage system is compared with a corresponding desired covariance behaviour of the state and/or parameter, wherein the Kalman filter (KF) is automatically deactivated for each state and/or each parameter of the energy storage system, of which the covariance behaviour exceeds the corresponding desired covariance behaviour.

Abstract: A method for estimating a capacity of an electrical energy storage device with higher accuracy than what is provided in the prior art. The uncertainties in measured electrical current or voltage used in the estimation of the capacity of the electrical energy storage device are at least partly compensated for by using a bias compensated capacity estimator instead of the often-used prior art capacity estimator. The accuracy of the voltage and/or electric current sensor becomes of less importance which leads to that less complicated and less costly sensors may be used and to improve accuracy of the estimated energy storage capacity. The above advantages are obtained by providing a bias compensated capacity estimator that includes at least one bias term which is related to a deviation of an expected value of an original capacity estimator from a true capacity value.

Abstract: A power supply device includes a battery and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to estimate a tendency of consumption of the battery and put the power supply device into one of a first state in which the power supply device can supply electric power to another device and a second state in which the power supply device can receive electric power from said another device, in accordance with the tendency of consumption of the battery estimated.

Abstract: A method for predicting time-to-failure and remaining-life of an electrical power system asset includes analyzing characteristics of the power system asset over a specified time interval; based on the analysis, associating the power system asset with a pool of similar power system assets having similar historical performance characteristics; and based on the association, calculating time-to-failure and remaining-life probability factors for the power system asset. A computer program product is also provided for carrying out the method, and the method may further include a mechanism whereby the computer program learns ways to modify and enhance the analysis of the performance characteristics to provide for higher confidence levels in time-to-failure and remaining-life probability calculations.

Abstract: A time-of-flight (TOF) sensor device is configured to perform classification analytics on a waveform signal representing a reflected light pulse, and to classify an object from which the light pulse was received based on characteristic properties of the reflected pulse. The TOF sensor device can compare the reflected pulse waveform with stored characteristic waveform profiles indicative of different types of objects or atmospheric particulates, including but not limited to snow, aerosol, water, fog, or mist. Some embodiments of TOF sensor device can also detect excessive levels of mist or suspended particulates that may reduce the detection accuracy of the sensor. To this end, such embodiments project focused light beams according to a defined pattern, and compare the reflected pattern with the defined pattern to determine a degree of pattern distortion attributable to the presence of mist.

Abstract: A method, system, and non-transitory computer readable medium for determining a pseudo-optimal charging algorithm for a specific battery are disclosed. An electrochemical battery model is characterized based on the physical characteristics of a specific battery. An optimal charging profile is determined for the specific battery using the highly accurate electrochemical battery model. A pseudo-optimal charging profile is determined which closely approximates the optimal charging profile. However, the pseudo-optimal charging profile is comprised of simple building blocks which are easily and efficiently implemented in embedded applications having limited computational power/memory. An optimization process is used to determine optimal control parameters for the simple building blocks, trigger conditions and thresholds, and adaptation parameters for adapting the pseudo-optimal charging profile as the battery ages.

Abstract: A non-transitory machine readable medium having machine executable instructions can include a charge control application. The charge control application can determine, in response to detecting that an electric vehicle (EV) is electrically coupled to a vehicle-to-grid (V2G) interface, a degradation threshold state of charge (SoC) for a battery of the EV. The charge control application can also command the V2G interface to discharge the battery of the EV to a lower threshold SoC that is below the degradation threshold SoC. The charge control application can further command the V2G interface to charge the battery of the EV to an upper threshold SoC that is above the degradation threshold SoC at a return threshold time, wherein the return threshold time is a calculated amount of time prior to an expected return time of an operator of the EV.

Abstract: An apparatus for estimating a capacity retention rate of a secondary battery from a degree of calendar aging and a degree of cycle aging of the secondary battery included in a battery pack, including a control unit that receives current information and temperature information of the secondary battery from a sensing unit installed in the battery pack in each cycle having a preset time length, and performs a first main process and a second main process in a sequential order, a memory that stores a predetermined weighting factor, and further stores a state of charge, a degree of cycle aging and a degree of calendar aging of the secondary battery updated in each cycle when the first main process is performed.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method, a device, a system, and a storage medium for SOC correction for a battery. The method includes determining a current OCV measurement value of the battery, and determining whether the current OCV measurement value is within a hysteresis voltage interval; determining, when the current OCV measurement value is within the hysteresis voltage interval, a charging SOC value corresponding to the current OCV measurement value in the charging state and a discharging SOC value corresponding to the current OCV measurement value in the discharging state; and determining, based on a SOC confidence interval determined from the charging SOC value and the discharging SOC value, a SOC correction target value to correct a current SOC value of the battery. The embodiments of the present disclosure may implement SOC correction for the battery having a hysteresis characteristic to improve estimation accuracy of the battery SOC.

Abstract: A method of using data-driven predictive modeling to predict and classify battery cells by lifetime is provided that includes collecting a training dataset by cycling battery cells between a voltage V1 and a voltage V2, continuously measuring battery cell voltage, current, can temperature, and internal resistance during cycling, generating a discharge voltage curve for each cell that is dependent on a discharge capacity for a given cycle, calculating, using data from the discharge voltage curve, a cycle-to-cycle evolution of cell charge to output a cell voltage versus charge curve Q(V), generating transformations of ?Q(V), generating transformations of data streams that include capacity, temperature and internal resistance, applying a machine learning model to determine a combination of a subset of the transformations to predict cell operation characteristics, and applying the machine learning model to output the predicted battery operation characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining the state of charge (SOC) of a chargeable battery pack (5) comprising at least one battery cell (5a, 5b, 5c), said method comprising the steps of: providing an initial state of charge value (SOC1) for said battery pack (5); estimating a battery cell voltage value (Vest) using a cell model (7b) based on input values representing at least a measured voltage (Vmeas) of said battery pack (5); comparing said estimated battery cell voltage value (Vest) with said measured battery cell voltage value (Vmeas) for said at least one battery cell (5a, 5b, 5c); and determining an estimated state of charge value (SOCest) to update the state of charge (SOC) from the initial state of charge value (SOC1), based on said comparing step and by using an observer module (7a). According to the invention, the observer module (7a) comprises an influence factor, said influence factor representing errors in the state of charge (SOC) based on the parameterization of said cell model (7b).

Abstract: A power supply device includes a battery and processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to estimate a tendency of consumption of the battery and put the power supply device into one of a first state in which the power supply device can supply electric power to another device and a second state in which the power supply device can receive electric power from said another device, in accordance with the tendency of consumption of the battery estimated.

Abstract: An algorithm programmed into the control circuitry of a rechargeable-battery Implantable Medical Device (IMD) is disclosed that can adjust the charging current (Ibat) provided to the rechargeable battery over time (e.g., the life of the IMD) in accordance with one or more of the parameters having an effect on rechargeable battery capacity, such as number of charging cycles, charging current, discharge depth, load current, and battery calendar age. The algorithm consults such parameters as stored over the history of the operation of the IMD in a parameter log, and in conjunction with a battery capacity database reflective of the effect of these parameters on battery capacity, estimates a change in the capacity of the battery, and adjust the charging current in one or both of trickle and active charging paths to slow the loss of battery capacity and extend the life of the IMD.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to an electrified vehicle and a method for gradually adjusting a displayed state of charge. An exemplary electrified vehicle includes a battery, a display configured to display a state of charge of the battery, and a controller configured to adjust the displayed state of charge such that the displayed state of charge gradually converges to an estimated state of charge of the battery.

Abstract: A battery charger and method is disclosed for detecting when a battery has a low state of health while simultaneously charging or maintaining the battery. A battery charger includes a processor; a non-transitory memory device; a power management device to receive an input power and to output a charging current; a pair of electrical conductors to electrically couple with a battery, and a display electrically coupled to the processor. The display being configured to indicate a bad battery indicator when the battery has a low state of health and whether the battery is good to start.

Abstract: Devices and techniques for arbitrating operation of memory devices in a managed NAND memory system to conform the operation to a power budget. In an example, a method can include enabling a subset of memory die of a memory system having multiple memory die, starting an active timer for each active memory die, initializing execution of a buffered memory command at each active die based on a timestamp associated with the buffered memory command, and disabling a first memory die of the subset of memory die when the active timer for the first die expires to maintain compliance with a power budget of the memory system.

Abstract: Systems and methods for managing content to improve battery life of client devices. A data processing system receives requests for content items from client devices. The data processing system selects the content items from a set of content items and transmits the content items to the respective client devices. The client devices acquire battery status information related to the displaying or rendering of their respective content item. The data processing system receives the battery status information from the client devices and determines a power consumption value associated with the content items. Based on the power consumption value being greater than a threshold power consumption value, the data processing system modifies a policy for selecting the content items from the set of content items.

Abstract: This invention provides a technique for suppressing deterioration in the value of a power storage system. This invention provides a monitoring system comprising: a detection unit that detects that a detection value related to a power storage system satisfies a condition; a specifying unit that specifies the type of prohibited action executed in the power storage system that satisfies the condition; and a determination unit that, on the basis of the specified type of prohibited action, calculates the life of the power storage system and/or determines the time over which the power storage system can keep operating after the specification.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for estimating a state of charge (SOC) of a battery. The battery SOC estimating apparatus includes a measurement unit configured to measure state information of a battery; a first core unit configured to estimate a first SOC of the battery by applying a first battery modeling technique, based on the state information of the battery measured by the measurement unit; and a second core unit configured to estimate a second SOC of the battery by applying a second battery modeling technique different from the first battery modeling technique, based on the state information of the battery measured by the measurement unit, wherein the second core unit transmits the estimated second SOC to the first core unit, and wherein the first core unit estimates the first SOC of the battery by reflecting the second SOC transmitted by the second core unit.

Abstract: A center server includes a receiver that receives position information transmitted from an electric vehicle that can be charged externally, a processing unit and a storage device. The position information is on a charging facility at which the electric vehicle has been charged. The processing unit determines a standard or specification of the charging facility based on the position information received by the receiver, and associates standard/specification information indicating the standard or specification of the charging facility with the position information on the charging facility, and stores the associated information in the storage device.

Abstract: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data collected over a period of time for a large number of batteries and different types of batteries, may be collected and analyzed to generate or refine a learned database of EIS waveforms and induction responses to perform in-situ analysis of the battery and suggest optimal time for charging the battery.

Abstract: A secondary battery deterioration estimation device includes a memory; and a processor which executes the following processes based on executable programs stored in the memory, generating history information showing history of a use state of the secondary battery with reference to a signal output from a current sensor detecting a current flowing through the secondary battery; calculating values of elements forming an equivalent circuit of the secondary battery; calculating a state of health (SOH) of the secondary battery based on the values of the elements forming the equivalent circuit; correcting the values of the elements before the SOH is calculated or the value of the SOH obtained by the calculation based on the history information; and outputting data representing the SOH of the secondary battery.

Abstract: A high-voltage power source device includes: a first terminal connected to a first end of an electrical wire disposed around a predetermined region; a second terminal connected to a second end of the electrical wire; a high-voltage generation circuit connected to the first terminal and generating high-voltage electricity; a voltage detection circuit connected to the second terminal, and measuring a voltage value of the high-voltage electricity at the second terminal and determining presence of an abnormality in the electrical wire, based on a measured voltage value; a timing circuit instructing the high-voltage generation circuit to generate high-voltage electricity at a timing when the high-voltage electricity is generated, and sending an instruction to measure a voltage value of the high-voltage electricity at the second terminal to the voltage detection circuit; and a notification circuit for notifying a determination result of the voltage detection circuit to outside.

Abstract: An analytical device is provided. The analytical device includes a battery condition analysis section configured to detect a state change of a constituent member of a battery based on a change in peak of a relaxation time in a predetermined frequency band.

Abstract: A secondary battery deterioration estimation device includes receiving a first signal representing a discharging voltage; receiving a second signal representing a discharging current from a current sensor; calculating values of elements forming an equivalent circuit of the secondary battery based on the first and second signals; calculating a state of health (SOH) of the secondary battery based on the values of the elements forming the equivalent circuit; generating history information showing history of a use state of the secondary battery; calculating the SOH of the secondary battery based on the history information; determining a deterioration state of the secondary battery with reference to at least one of the SOH calculated by the values of the elements or the SOH calculated by the history information by the processor in accordance with a state of the secondary battery; and outputting data representing the deterioration state of the secondary battery.

Abstract: An automotive battery assembly comprising a housing having a period correct appearance for a classic battery. The housing encloses a modern power storage configuration providing power to terminals assembled to the housing. The housing includes four sides, a top panel and a base panel, collectively defining an interior volume. The top panel can be fixed, openable, or removable. A series of water fill caps can be assembled to the top panel. One or more electrical support components can be integrated within the housing, thus being concealed from view. The electrical support components can include a battery disconnect, a charging circuit, a transformer, a fuse, a monitoring system (charging status, battery condition, etc.), a location tracking system, a booster pack, etc. Access to the electrical support components can be provided through the water fill caps or the moveable top panel.

Abstract: One example discloses an organic matter powered device, comprising: a set of electrodes configured to be coupled to a set of biologically active organic matter; a power generation circuit coupled to the electrodes; wherein the power generation circuit is configured to receive a first voltage and current from the organic matter, and output a second voltage and current generated by the first voltage and current; a monitoring circuit coupled to the electrodes and coupled to monitor the first voltage and current, and to be powered by the second voltage and current; wherein the monitoring circuit is configured to translate variations in the first voltage and current into an environmental attribute.

Abstract: Described methods and systems are used for in-situ impedance spectroscopy analysis of battery cells in multi-cell battery packs. Specifically, the cell impedances are determined while the pack continues to operate, such as being charged or discharged. For example, the pack voltage/power output remains unchanged while this analysis is initiated, performed, and ended. Cell impedance is determined based on the cell's response to the signal applied to the cell. For example, a current through the cell is charged while monitoring cells' voltage response. Although the power output of the changes during this testing, but the operation of the pack is not impacted due to the power compensation provided by one or more other cells in the pack thereby ensuring uninterrupted operation of the pack. This in situ testing is provided by the unique architecture of the pack, comprising multiple nodes and individual node controllers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a battery management system, which is applicable to at least one battery string, wherein each battery string comprises a plurality of batteries connected in series. The battery management system comprises a plurality of battery sensors and a main controller. Each battery sensor measures at least one corresponding battery and has a first communication module, and each battery sensor issues a broadcast through the first communication module when its power is activated. The main controller has a second communication module. The second communication module and the first communication modules are signal connected in parallel. The main controller executes a web server program to provide a web page. When the main controller receives the broadcast, the main controller displays an addressing interface by the web page, so as to assign each battery sensor to at least one corresponding battery to complete the addressing of the battery sensors.

Abstract: A node-enabled battery system having integrated environmental detection and reporting. The system may have a battery and sensor-based node attached to the battery. The system's sensor-based node has a processor, memory (maintaining a battery monitoring program code and a battery threshold metric value), a wireless communication interface and a sensor operative to sense a battery status condition for the battery. When executing the battery monitoring program code, the processor is programmatically configured and adapted to be operative to receive status data from the sensor reflecting the battery status condition as sensed by the sensor, automatically trigger generation of a layered alert notification related to the battery when the received status data is inconsistent with the battery threshold metric value, and cause the wireless communication interface to broadcast the layered alert notification to initiate a mediation response related to the battery status condition for the battery.

Abstract: A method for estimating, under total voltage monitoring, degradation states of individual unit cells connected in series of an all-solid-state lithium secondary battery includes: calculating, at several timings, a state of charge and open circuit voltage of the battery to acquire an actual state of charge-open circuit voltage curve representing the relationship between the state of charge and the open circuit voltage, selecting, from a map of state of charge-open circuit voltage curves, a curve for which a degree of matching with the actual state of charge-open circuit voltage curve is equal to or greater than a predetermined value or is greatest. The map curves are obtained by integrating as many state of charge-open circuit voltage curves of the unit cell corresponding to different degrees of degradation of the unit cell as the number of unit cells, and estimating the individual unit cells degradation states based on the selected curve.

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery pack temperature detection system, comprising: a battery pack disposed with a plurality of temperature monitoring points; a plurality of sampling circuits, wherein each temperature monitoring point is disposed with at least two of the plurality of sampling circuits, and the at least two of the plurality of sampling circuits disposed for one temperature monitoring point are different sampling circuits; and a control module configured to acquire temperature data of each temperature monitoring point by each of the disposed sampling circuits, and determine a current temperature of the battery pack according to the temperature data to determine whether the temperature of the battery pack exceeds a preset value.

Abstract: Provided is an internal resistance estimating method capable of estimating the internal resistance of a secondary battery, taking account of conditions when the secondary battery is being charged, without requiring progress information when the secondary battery is being used. The internal resistance estimating method for estimating the internal resistance of a secondary battery includes estimating an internal resistance Rd (Ts, Is, Va) on the basis of an internal resistance calculating formula, from an acquired internal resistance Rd (Ta, la, Va) of a battery, and estimating an internal resistance Rd (Ts, Is, Vs) from the estimated internal resistance Rd (Ts, Is, Va).

Abstract: A rechargeable battery is charged and, at the same time, steps are taken to assess its state of health (SoH). The SoH is first broadly classified, which is only a coarse estimate. Next, the state of charge (SoC) is estimated, and then the SoC is repeatedly measured and predicted during charging until its value converges to a reliable value. The SoH is a state in the Kalman filter used for determining the SoC, and the SoH is also refined through the filter process. The SoH is reported when or after the SoC has converged, and is reported before charging is completed.

Abstract: A management device is provided with an acquiring unit for acquiring the amount of variation between the voltage of a power storage element when conduction of power is suspended from a state in which power is being conducted to the power storage element and the voltage when a period has elapsed, and a determination unit for determining whether the amount of variation is included in a second range that corresponds to a first range in which the voltage difference between each power storage amount-voltage characteristic during charging and discharging for the same power storage amount is less than another range.