Abstract: The invention proposes a method for managing random access memory in a computer system, with said computer system comprising a processor, a first static random access memory, and a second dynamic random access memory, the method comprising the steps of:—receiving at least one instruction to be executed by the processor,—determining a priority level for the execution of the instruction by the processor, and—loading the instruction into the first memory for its execution by the processor if its priority level indicates that it is a high priority instruction, or if not—loading the instruction into the second memory for its execution by the processor.

Abstract: This invention describes an improved high bandwidth chip-to-chip interface for memory devices, which is capable of operating at higher speeds, while maintaining error free data transmission, consuming lower power, and supporting more load. Accordingly, the invention provides a memory subsystem comprising at least two semiconductor devices; a main bus containing a plurality of bus lines for carrying substantially all data and command information needed by the devices, the semiconductor devices including at least one memory device connected in parallel to the bus; the bus lines including respective row command lines and column command lines; a clock generator for coupling to a clock line, the devices including clock inputs for coupling to the clock line; and the devices including programmable delay elements coupled to the clock inputs to delay the clock edges for setting an input data sampling time of the memory device.

Abstract: A memory controller for a phase change memory (PCM) that can be used on a storage bus interface is described. In one example, the memory controller includes an external bus interface coupled to an external bus to communicate read and write instructions with an external device, a memory array interface coupled to a memory array to perform reads and writes on a memory array, and an overwrite module to write a desired value to a desired address of the memory array.

Abstract: An effective algorithm for the CPU with a flash memory is disclosed to shorten a dead time to erase the flash memory and to write new data therein. The flash memory of the invention provides front and back blocks for the user data area. When the front block is filled, the back block is erased just after the front block is fully filled in advance to receive a new data next to be written.

Abstract: An apparatus, as well as systems, methods, and articles can operate to record the address of write operations to a memory cached by a non-volatile cache prior to executing an operating system cache driver. In an embodiment, a non-volatile cache may be implemented by creating a device option read only memory (ROM), or modifying the associated computer basic input-output system (BIOS) to trap software interrupts associated with disk and other media access requests. Associated addresses, such as logical block addresses, can be stored in a log for data that is modified. The resulting log can be stored in a non-volatile medium, including the cache itself. If the available log space is not large enough to record all write activity prior to loading operating system drivers, a flag may be set to indicate the overrun condition.

Abstract: A computer motherboard includes a printed circuit board which includes a central processing unit (CPU) socket and a group of memory slots. The group of memory slots includes an in-line type memory slot and a surface mounted device (SMD) type memory slot. The in-line type memory slot includes a number of plated through holes. The SMD type memory slot is set between the in-line type memory slot and the CPU socket. The through holes of the in-line type memory slot are connected to the CPU socket through traces, pads of the SMD type memory slot are connected to corresponding through holes of the in-line type memory slot having the same pin definition.

Abstract: Data stored within symmetric and asymmetric memory components of main memory is integrated by identifying a first data as having access characteristics suitable for storing in an asymmetric memory component. The first data is included among a collection of data to be written to the asymmetric memory component. An amount of data is identified within the collection of data to be written to the asymmetric memory component. The amount of data is compared within the collection of data to a volume threshold to determine whether a block write to the asymmetric memory component is justified by the amount of data. If justified, the collection of data is loaded to the asymmetric memory component.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for fast boot from non-volatile (“NV”) memory. The exemplary embodiments relate to systems and methods for significant improvements in performance speed with simple implementations. One embodiment relates to a non-transitory computer readable storage medium including a set of instructions executable by a processor, the set of instructions operable to identify a page fault, determine whether the page fault occurred due to a read from a NV memory, copy a page from the NV memory to a random-access memory (“RAM”) storage, and create an identity mapping for the page in the RAM storage.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are generally directed to systems, methods, and apparatuses for in-band data mask bit transmission. In some embodiments, one or more data mask bits are integrated into a partial write frame and are transferred to a memory device via the data bus. Since the data mask bits are transferred via the data bus, the system does not need (costly) data mask pin(s). In some embodiments, a mechanism is provided to enable a memory device (e.g., a DRAM) to check for valid data mask bits before completing the partial write to the DRAM array.

Abstract: A memory expansion blade for a multi-protocol architecture, includes dual inline memory modules (DIMMs) and a multi-protocol memory controller coupled to the DIMMs and operable to control operations of the DIMMs. The multi-protocol memory controller includes one or more memory channel controllers, with each of the memory channel controllers coupled to a single channel of DIMM, and where the DIMM in each single channel operate according to a specific protocol. The controller further includes a protocol engine coupled to the memory channel controllers, where the protocol engine is configurable to accommodate one or more of the specific protocols, and a system interface coupled to the protocol engine and configurable to provide electrical power and signaling appropriate for the specific protocols.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pre-fetching of data in a memory are provided. By pre-fetching stored data from a slower memory into a faster memory, the amount of time required for data retrieval and/or processing may be reduced. First, data is received and pre-scanned to generate a sample fingerprint. Fingerprints stored in a faster memory that are similar to the sample fingerprint are identified. Data stored in the slower memory associated with the identified stored fingerprints is copied into the faster memory. The copied data may be compared to the received data. Various embodiments may be included in a network memory architecture to allow for faster data matching and instruction generation in a central appliance.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using a page table in an information handling system including a semiconductor storage device are disclosed. A page table in an information handling system may be provided. The information handling system may include a memory, and the memory may include a semiconductor storage device. NonDRAM tag data may be stored in the page table. The nonDRAM tag data may indicate one or more attributes of one or more pages in the semiconductor storage device.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide local checkpoint memories that are closely coupled to the processor of a computing system used during normal operation. The checkpoint memory may be coupled to the processor through a peripheral bus or a memory bus. The checkpoint memory may be located on a same semiconductor substrate or circuit board as the processor. The checkpoint memory may be located on a same semiconductor substrate as a main memory used by the processor during normal operation. The checkpoint memory may be included in a memory hub configuration, with a checkpoint memory hub provided for access to the checkpoint memory.

Abstract: A memory controller is disclosed. In one particular exemplary embodiment, the memory controller may comprise a first transmitter to output first and second write commands synchronously with respect to a clock signal, a second transmitter to output first data using a first timing offset such that the first data arrives at a first memory device in accordance with a predetermined timing relationship with respect to a first transition of the clock signal, and a third transmitter to output second data suing a second timing offset such that the second data arrives at a second memory device in accordance with a predetermined timing relationship with respect to a second transition of the clock signal.

Abstract: There are provided a semiconductor integrated circuit device, a method of controlling a semiconductor integrated circuit device, and a cache device capable of efficiently implementing power saving, wherein the cache device includes a low-voltage operation enabling cache (200), and a small-area cache (300) having a type different from that of the cache (200), the cache (200) and the cache (300) being independently supplied with source voltage; the cache (200) being operable at a voltage lower than the lower limit voltage at which the cache (300) is operable; a cache control unit (400) operating switchable controls between a first mode allowing only the cache (200) to operate, and a second mode allowing the cache (200) or the cache (300) to operate; and the cache (200) in the first mode operating to supply a voltage below the lower limit voltage at which the cache (300) is operable, while interrupting power supply to the cache (300).

Abstract: The invention also provides a flash storage device. In one embodiment, the flash storage device is coupled to a host, and comprises a random access memory and a controller. The random access memory stores a plurality of link tables therein, wherein each of the link tables corresponds to one of a plurality of management units of at least one flash memory, and the link tables store corresponding relationships between logical addresses and physical addresses of the corresponding management units. The controller receives an access logical address from the host, determines an access physical address corresponding to the access logical address according to the link tables stored in the random access memory, and accesses data from the flash memory according to the access physical address.

Abstract: A system and method for resolving request collision in a single-port static random access memory (SRAM) are disclosed. A first SRAM part and a second SRAM part of the single-port SRAM are accessed in turn. When request collision occurs, data is temporarily stored in a first or second shadow bank associated with the first or the second SRAM part which is under access. The temporarily stored data is then transferred, at a later time, to an associated one of the first/second SRAM parts while the other one of the first/second SRAM parts is being accessed.

Abstract: A system and method in accordance with the present invention provides a protected area for software to execute on a separate hardware firewall adaptor when a storage device is operating in an unprotected environment when connected to an uncontrolled or unmonitored host system. This software provides security through a plurality of security, access management and monitoring (SAMM) applications when a USB storage device is connected to a computer in an uncontrolled, unprotected environment.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for power filtering in a Translation Look-aside Buffer (TLB) are described. In the method and apparatus, power consumption reduction is achieved by suppressing physical address (PA) reads from random access memory (RAM) if the previously translated linear address (LA), or virtual address (VA), is the same as the currently requested LA. To provide the correct translation, the output of the TLB is maintained if the previously translated LA and the LA currently requested for translation are the same.

Abstract: Techniques are described for controlling availability of memory. As memory write operations are processed, the contents of memory targeted by the write operations are read and compared to the data to be written. The availability of the memory for subsequent write operations is controlled based on the outcomes of the comparing. How many concurrent write operations are being executed may vary according to the comparing. In one implementation, a pool of tokens is maintained based on the comparing. The tokens represent units of power. When write operations require more power, for example when they will alter the values of more cells in PCM memory, they draw (and eventually return) more tokens. The token pool can act as a memory-availability mechanism in that tokens must be obtained for a write operation to be executed. When and how many tokens are reserved or recycled can vary according to implementation.

Abstract: A memory system of one embodiment includes: a nonvolatile memory including a plurality of word lines each connected to memory cells, each one of the memory cells being capable storing two bits, the memory cells connected to one of the plurality of word lines constituting an upper page and a lower page, each one of the pages being a unit of data programming; a random access memory configured to store an address translation table indicating relationships between logical addresses designated by a host and physical addresses in the nonvolatile memory. The memory system of the embodiment further includes a memory controller which execute data fixing for saving the address translation table from the random access memory to the nonvolatile memory; and write dummy data to at least one page subsequent to the page in which valid data has been written in the nonvolatile memory before executing the data fixing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a computer program product, method and system for computing set intersection of a first and a second unordered set of discrete members that stem from a known input range of consecutive discrete numbers. The method breaks the numbers into subranges and for each subrange, utilizes a bit vector in a first random access memory, directly addressing bits representing values in a subrange in the first set to values in the second set in the subrange and writing each number of the second set that is also set member of the first set in the sub range directly to an output. This may be utilized by various applications including database applications. The algorithm may be offloaded to one or more processing subsystems.

Abstract: The invention discloses a memory management system and a memory management method are disclosed. The memory management system includes a first memory, at least one secondary memory, and a memory management device. The first memory includes a normal access memory bank and at least one switching access memory bank. The secondary memory includes at least one secondary access memory bank corresponding to the switching access memory bank. The memory management device reads/writes the normal access memory bank or the secondary access memory bank.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the invention, a memory integrated circuit is provided including an address decoder to selectively access memory cells within a memory array; a mode register with bit storage circuits to store an enable bit and at least one sub-channel select bit; and control logic. The control logic is coupled to a plurality of address signal lines, the address decoder, and the mode register. In response to the enable bit and the at least one sub-channel select bit, the control logic selects one or more of the address signal lines to capture independent address information to support independent sub-channel memory accesses into the memory array. The control logic couples the independent address information into the address decoder.

Abstract: A memory subsystem includes a volatile memory and a nonvolatile memory. A controller includes logic to interface the volatile memory to an external system, so that the volatile memory is addressable for reading and writing by the external system. The controller includes logic to back up data from the volatile memory to the nonvolatile memory upon receiving a backup signal from the external system. A power controller includes logic to detect when power from the external system fails, and when power from the external system fails, to provide backup power for long enough to enable the controller to back up data from the volatile memory to a first region of the nonvolatile memory. The controller, upon receiving the backup signal from the external system, backs up data from the volatile memory to a second region of the nonvolatile memory different that the first region used to back up data from the volatile memory to the nonvolatile memory when power from the external system fails.

Abstract: A data storage caching architecture supports using native local memory such as host-based RAM, and if available, Solid State Disk (SSD) memory for storing pre-cache delta-compression based delta, reference, and independent data by exploiting content locality, temporal locality, and spatial locality of data accesses to primary (e.g. disk-based) storage. The architecture makes excellent use of the physical properties of the different types of memory available (fast r/w RAM, low cost fast read SSD, etc) by applying algorithms to determine what types of data to store in each type of memory. Algorithms include similarity detection, delta compression, least popularly used cache management, conservative insertion and promotion cache replacement, and the like.

Abstract: A two-port memory having a read port, a write port and a plurality of identical single-port RAM banks. The capacity of one of the single-port RAM banks is used to resolve collisions between simultaneous read and write accesses to the same single-port RAM bank. A read mapping memory stores instance information that maps logical banks and a spare bank to the single-port RAM banks for read accesses. Similarly, a write mapping memory stores write instance information that maps logical banks and a spare bank to the single-port RAM banks for write accesses. If simultaneous read and write accesses are not mapped to the same single-port RAM bank, read and write are performed simultaneously. However, if a collision exists, the write access is re-mapped to a spare bank identified by the write instance information, allowing simultaneous read and write. Both read and write mapping memories are updated to reflect any re-mapping.

Abstract: A command engine for an active memory receives high level tasks from a host and generates corresponding sets of either DCU commands to a DRAM control unit or ACU commands to a processing array control unit. The DCU commands include memory addresses, which are also generated by the command engine, and the ACU command include instruction memory addresses corresponding to an address in an array control unit where processing array instructions are stored.

Abstract: A data storage caching architecture supports using native local memory such as host-based RAM, and if available, Solid State Disk (SSD) memory for storing pre-cache delta-compression based delta, reference, and independent data by exploiting content locality, temporal locality, and spatial locality of data accesses to primary (e.g. disk-based) storage. The architecture makes excellent use of the physical properties of the different types of memory available (fast r/w RAM, low cost fast read SSD, etc) by applying algorithms to determine what types of data to store in each type of memory. Algorithms include similarity detection, delta compression, least popularly used cache management, conservative insertion and promotion cache replacement, and the like.

Abstract: Methods of operating memory devices, and memory devices configured to perform such methods, including reading Erase Block Management (EBM) data from an erase block of an array of memory cells. The EBM data, corresponding to a state of the particular erase block, is stored in control data spaces of a subset of sectors of the particular erase block.

Abstract: A memory system includes a volatile first storing unit, a nonvolatile second storing unit in which a plurality of memory cells that can store multi-value data are arranged, the memory cells having a plurality of pages, and a controller that performs data transfer between a host apparatus and the second storing unit via the first storing unit. The controller includes a save processing unit that backs up, when, before data is written in the second storing unit in a write-once manner, data is written in a lower order page of a memory cell same as that of a page in which the data is written, the data of the lower order page and a broken-information-restoration processing unit that restores, when the data in the lower order page is broken, the broken data using the backed-up data.

Abstract: A SRAM (Static Random Access Memory) macro test flop circuit includes a flip-flop circuit, a scan control circuit, and an output buffer circuit. The flip-flop circuit includes a master latch circuit and a slave latch circuit. The master latch circuit includes a master feed-back circuit including a master storage node and a master feed-forward circuit. The slave latch circuit includes a slave feed-back circuit including a slave storage node and a slave feed-forward circuit driven from the master latch. The scan control circuit includes a scan slave feed-forward circuit, a scan latch circuit, and a scan driver circuit driven by the scan feed-back circuit. The scan latch circuit includes a scan feed-back circuit comprising a scan storage node and a scan feed-forward circuit driven from the slave latch. The output buffer circuit includes a master driver driven from master latch circuit and a slave driver driven from slave latch circuit.

Abstract: A memory system for transmitting data to and receiving data from a host apparatus includes a semiconductor memory and an access-controlling part. The semiconductor memory has storage areas identified by physical addresses, stores data in each of the storage areas, performs data write in accordance with a request made by the host apparatus. The access-controlling part selects a recommended address, which is recommended to be used in a next data write, on the basis of operation information about a factor that influences time consumed for data write in the semiconductor memory, and outputs the recommended address to the host apparatus.

Abstract: A computer system comprising a processor, a memory, and a memory controller coupled to the processor and the memory is provided. The memory controller comprises a first cache and a cache control. The cache control is configured to cause a portion of the memory to be copied into the first cache. The cache control is configured to cause first information to be provided from the first cache to the processor in response to receiving a read transaction from the processor that includes an address in the portion of memory during testing of the portion.

Abstract: There is provided a method and computer system for object persistency that includes: running a program; storing an object of the program into a random access memory in response to determining that the object is a non-persistent object; and storing the object into a phase change memory in response to determining that the object is a persistent object. The method and computer system of the present disclosure do not need separate persistency layers, such that the programming model is light weighted, the persistency of object data is more simple and fast, and implicit transaction process is supported, thereby a great deal of development and runtime costs are saved.

Abstract: A mobile System on Chip (SoC) including a central processing unit (CPU) and an audio out module that includes a buffer and an audio interface. A power mode of the audio out module is controlled separately from a power mode of the mobile SoC so that the audio out module operates when the mobile SoC is in a power down mode.

Abstract: In a write protection method for at least one random access memory device, the inherent problems of such memory devices with regard to data integrity and security with respect to hacker attacks, such that they can also be used for secure archiving in particular of a large volume of data, are avoided by virtue of the fact that commands directed to the at least one memory device are received by a write protection device connected upstream of the at least one memory device before said commands are forwarded to the at least one memory device, wherein commands received in the write protection device are compared with a positive list of permitted commands previously stored in the write protection device, wherein in one case, where the comparison determines that a permitted command is present, said command is forwarded to the at least one memory device, and in the other case, where the comparison determines that no permitted command is present, said command is not forwarded to the at least one memory device.

Abstract: A multi peripheral accelerating apparatus includes a processor device disposed on a main board, a primary memory and a controller disposed on the main board and electrically connected to the processor device for exchanging information with the processor device, a secondary memory disposed on the main board and electrically connected to the controller, and one or more peripherals disposed on the main board and electrically connected to the controller for allowing the information to be transmitted or exchanged from the peripherals to the secondary memory when the processor device is transmitting or exchanging information with the primary memory.

Abstract: Embodiments include a system, a memory controller, an apparatus, a device, and a method. An embodiment provides a device that includes a memory that requires a periodic refresh and having a nominal refresh period, and a processor operably coupled with the memory. The device also includes a hardware-implemented control circuit for periodically discovering a retention time of at least a portion of the memory that requires a periodic refresh. The hardware-implemented control circuit is also for determining a refresh period that is not more than the discovered retention time of the at least a portion of the memory that requires a periodic refresh, and for scheduling a refresh of the at least a portion of the memory that requires a periodic refresh at least once each refresh period.

Abstract: A network adapter for plugging into a host computer is provided. The network adapter may include an internal memory and connection means for connecting the host computer to a communications network. The network adapter may include resident application software stored in the network adapter's internal memory, whereby the resident application software automatically activates when the network adapter is plugged into the host computer.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for managing memory in low-end electronic devices is provided. The apparatus includes a memory management unit. The memory management unit configured to allocate a portion of random access memory and a portion of flash memory as swap areas. The memory management unit performs swapping operations by swapping pages of content between the random access memory swap area and one or more blocks of the flash memory swap area. Thereafter, a page of content can be loaded from the flash memory swap area. The memory management unit also allocates a portion of flash memory as a garbage collection area. The memory management unit transfers dirty pages from the flash swap area to the garbage collection unit to free up flash memory swap area blocks.

Abstract: One or more external control pins and/or addressing pins on a memory device are used to set one or both of a burst length and burst type of the memory device.

Abstract: A non-volatile data storage system including a first non-volatile storage medium, a second non-volatile storage medium, and a microprocessor is provided. The first non-volatile storage medium includes a popular data address recording area for recording logic addresses of popular data in the first non-volatile storage medium. The microprocessor is coupled to the first non-volatile storage medium and the second non-volatile storage medium. When the non-volatile data storage system boots up, the microprocessor copies the popular data from the first non-volatile storage medium to the second non-volatile storage medium according to the popular data address recording area. The popular data is accessed in the second non-volatile storage medium instead of the first non-volatile storage medium.

Abstract: Subject matter disclosed herein relates to validating memory content in persistent main memory of a processor.

Abstract: A latch circuit includes a first latch that stores data provided from a data input terminal when a clock is provided from a clock input terminal, and stores scan data provided from a scan data input terminal when a first scan clock is provided from a first scan clock input terminal, a logical circuit that performs a logical operation for a second scan clock provided from the second scan clock input terminal and for an operational mode signal provided from the operation mode input terminal, and generates an update clock and a second latch including an update input terminal connected to an output terminal of the first latch, and an update clock input terminal connected to an output terminal of the logical circuit, the second latch holds the data or the scan data provided from the update input terminal when the update clock is provided.

Abstract: A distributed memory array that supports both file storage and random access operations is provided. The distributed memory array includes at least one memory assembly for storing data, each memory assembly having a plurality of memory modules coupled together through a bi-directionally cross-strapped network, each memory module having a switching mechanism. The distributed memory array further includes at least one gateway coupled to the at least one memory assembly through the bi-directionally cross-strapped network. The gateway also includes a plurality of user access ports for providing access to the at least one memory assembly, and a file manager that is configured to receive a request from a user for access to the at least one memory assembly at the user access ports for either file storage or random access operations and to allocate at least one allocation unit of available memory in the at least one memory assembly based on the request from the user.

Abstract: A device may include multi-bank static random access memory (SRAM) logic that receives multiple addresses from a packet processor, and provides the multiple addresses to multiple SRAMs. The SRAM logic also reads intermediate data and final data from the multiple SRAMs using the provided multiple addresses, provide a next address to the multiple SRAMs for each of the intermediate data, and transmits each of the final data to the packet processor.

Abstract: An embedded device is hibernated by storing state data of the embedded device to a non-volatile data storage medium, and powering off the embedded device. The embedded device is later woken up in response to the detection of a wakeup event from a wakeup source. The state data stored in the RAM of the embedded device comprises one or more registers of a Central Processing Unit (CPU) of the embedded device, one or more registers of a system-on-chip (SOC) of the embedded device, and the system and applications code and data. Waking the embedded device comprises loading, from the non-volatile data storage medium, initial memory sections that are used to run a kernel of the embedded device. State data that is stored in the RAM of a system is compressed by dividing the RAM into a plurality of sections and independently choosing, for each section in the plurality of sections, a compression arithmetic. For each section, a compression arithmetic that has a high decompression speed is selected.

Abstract: A data recording system includes a file system configured to manage block-based input/output of data, a phase-change random access memory (PRAM) configured to write first data among the data in units of sub blocks, and a block abstract layer configured to receive a write command of the first data to a first particular block in the PRAM from the file system and log changed data information to a second particular block in the PRAM in units of sub blocks, and a method to provide the same.

Abstract: Provided is a program, control method, and control device that can shorten start-up time. Page table entry is rewritten for a Memory Management Unit (MMU) table, on a computer system equipped with an MMU, so that a page fault will occur at every page, for all the pages necessary for the operation of a software program. Upon start-up, the stored memory image is loaded in page units for page faults that have occurred on the RAM to be accessed. Loading of unnecessary pages will not be executed, because such loading was executed, and the start-up time can be shortened worth that time. This program, control method, and control device can be applied to personal computers, and electronic devices equipped with built-in type computers.