Abstract: The invention provides a process for dyeing a textile substrate comprising wool fibres, which process comprises bringing the substrate into contact with an aqueous dyebath containing an acid dyestuff or a mixture of acid dyestuffs having(a) a build-up power on wool of from 90 to 98% at pH 4.5; together with(b) a migrating ability on wool of from 25 to 40%, at pH 4.5;(a) and (b) being determined under specific conditions, in the presence of a levelling agent which is the alkoxylation product of an amine substituted by a fatty saturated or unsaturated residue, the aqueous dyebath containing a mixture of acid dyestuffs when the substrate is a wool/synthetic polyamide fibre blend.These dyestuffs give level, fast and reproducible dyeings of a high quality.

Abstract: Textile products comprising a cellulosic substrate are colored with two or more dyes which differ in their respective resistance to chlorine bleaches. The initial color of the textile is determined by the combined effect of the dyes. Thereafter, textile products which may be in the form of garments, bed linens, draperies, or yard goods, are treated with an aqueous solution of bleach to decolorize, to a pre-determined degree, one or more of the dyes, to thereby change the color of the textiles.

Abstract: A textile finishing process in which there is employed, as a pH regulator, a compound or a mixture of compounds of formula I ##STR1## in which p is from 1 to 20,R is hydrogen, C.sub.1-3 alkyl or C.sub.1-3 alkyl substituted by hydroxyR' has independently one of the significances given for R or is --CO--R andA is --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 --; --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.

Abstract: A two-stage process for dyeing keratin fibres, especially human hair, which comprises applying a first composition containing at least one mercaptan present in a concentration insufficient to causes degradation of the hair and subsequently without intermediate rinsing, applying an oxidising composition so as to develop the dyestuff, and optionally one or more couplers, which is applied to the fibres, the dyestuff being an oxidative dyestuff precursor of the para type, a diphenylamine, a polyhydroxybenzene, a polyhydroxynaphthalene, a polyaminobenzene, a polyaminophenol or a polyaminopolyhydroxybenzene is described and compositions for use therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for dyeing synthetic polyamide fibre material with dyes or dye mixtures in the presence of a mixture of dyeing assistants, which comprises using for the dyeing of these materials an aqueous liquor which contains at least one anionic dye which, under the defined dyeing conditions, has a degree of exhaustion of at least 95% at 1/1 standard depth of shade, and a dyeing assistant mixture containing an anionic compound, a quaternary compound and a non-ionic compound, and wherein the liquor contains an alkali metal salt and an organic acid, and finishing the dyeing at pH 5-7, preferably pH 5.5-6, and at a temperature of 95.degree. to 130.degree. C.The process according to the invention is suitable for dyeing synthetic polyamide materials, producing level dyeings having good fastness properties with all types of dye or mixtures of dyes of identical or different types.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel aqueous formulations for dyeing and printing polyester/cellulose blends. In addition to containing at least one water-insoluble or sparingly water-soluble dye and at least one fibre-reactive dye, these formulations contain a non-ionic water-soluble cellulose ether, preferably hydroxyethyl cellulose. The formulations have a very good shelf life, do not recrystallize and do not form tacky deposits.

Abstract: Improvement of a process for spin-dyeing acid-modified polymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile in which cationic quaternary dyestuffs are added to the spinning mass and spun according to the wet-spinning procedure. The improvement is characterized by using dyestuffs characterized by a migration factor M of 20 or less than 20, by a combination index K of less than 2.5 and a cation weight of more than 310. Migration factor M and combination index K are known values in the dyestuff field or can be determined. The dyestuff to be used according to the invention can belong to the most different classes of dyestuffs; they fix rapidly on the polymer, and thus they do not color, or color only to a minor extent, the coagulation, stretching and washing baths although they are soluble in water and aqueous solutions of these baths.

Abstract: C.I. Disperse Yellow 54 and 64 are important yellow dyestuffs of the quinophthalone type used in coloring synthetic fibers, particularly polyamide, polyester, acrylic and acetate fibers at boiling temperature conditions. Yellow azo dyestuffs of the hydroxypyridone type, e.g., C.I. Disperse Yellow 114, 180 227 and 230 have found widespread application in the high-temperature dyeing of such synthetic fibers. It has now been found that improved tinctorial results on these synthetic fiber materials can be obtained by applying a dyeing composition derived from these yellow coloring means and comprising a mixture of 70-90 parts by weight of one or more dyestuffs of the C.I. 54 and 64 type with 5 to 30 parts by weight of an azo dyestuff of the hydroxypyridone type. These improved dyestuff compositions exhibit superior leveling, high tinctorial strength or color build-up, high dyebath exhaustion and deep shade dyeing over the individual components.

Abstract: An ink composition for writing on an absorbent or pervious writing surface to form thereon a writing or marking composed of an inner portion of a first color with outer contour portions therearound of a second color, which composition comprises:a polar organic solvent,a nonpolar organic solvent which is miscible with the polar organic solvent,a first dyestuff which is soluble both in the polar organic solvent and a mixture of the polar organic solvent and the nonpolar organic solvent, but which is insoluble in the nonpolar organic solvent, anda second dyestuff which is soluble both in the nonpolar organic solvent and a mixture of the polar organic solvent and the nonpolar organic solvent, the second dyestuff being different in color from the first dye-stuff,whereby the first dyestuff forms in conjunction with the second dyestuff the inner portion of the first color based on the first and the second dyestuffs, and the second dyestuff forms the outer contour portions of the second color based on the second dyes

Abstract: Color gaps in a product range of reactive dyestuffs are thought of in industry as disadvantageous. The reasons for the existence of gaps can be due to problems of synthesis and reproducibility and also to inadequate wear properties.In accordance with the invention, it has now been found that such missing shades can be dyed by means of mixtures of reactive dyestuffs containing at least two reactive groups and water-soluble, non-reactive dyestuffs containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom. When dyestuff combinations of this type are applied to fibers containing hydroxyl and/or carboxamide groups, the reactive dyestuff fulfills the function of a linking member between the fiber and the non-reactive shading dyestuff, as a result of which a homopolar bond is formed, and this results in very fast dyeings and prints, while at the same time building up the desired shade.

Abstract: Disclosed is mass-dyed polyester comprising, as dyestuff, a compound or mixture of compounds of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a direct bond, --CONH-- or --NHCO--, R.sub.2 is alkyl, phenyl or naphthyl, optionally substituted or cyano, provided that R.sub.1 is a direct bond when R.sub.2 is cyano, and R.sub.3 is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, alkoxy-C.sub.1-3 -carbonyl or --CH.dbd.CH--CH.dbd.CH-- bound in the 1,2-position.

Abstract: Dyes of the formula ##STR1## and mixtures thereof, in which R signifies a radical of formula (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g) or (h) ##STR2## in which R.sub.1 signifies an amino, anilino or toluidino radical, R.sub.2 signifies a hydroxy or amino radical, andeither R.sub.3 signifies hydrogen,or, where R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 signify amino, R.sub.3 signifies hydrogen, nitro, --SO.sub.3 M or C.sub.1-6 alkyl; ##STR3## in which R.sub.4 signifies a hydroxy, amino, anilino or toluidino radical, preferably a hydroxy or amino radical; ##STR4## in which R.sub.5 signifies a hydroxy radical, a C.sub.1-6 alkylsulphonyloxy radical, a phenylsulphonyloxy radical, an amino radical, a C.sub.1-6 alkylsulphonylamino radical or a phenysulphonylamino radical, preferably a hydroxy radical,R.sub.6 signifies a C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, acetyl, carboxyl or carbamoyl radical,R.sub.7 signifies hydrogen, an acyl radical or an unsubstituted or substituted C.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of rapid dyeing a substrate comprising polyester fibres at a temperature above 100.degree. C. comprising bringing into contact with the substrate an aqueous dyebath containing a mixture of at least two disperse dyes having each individually specific physicochemical properties.

Abstract: A process is described for the level di- and trichromatic dyeing of polyacrylonitrile materials or of blends containing polyacrylonitrile, which process comprises using for the dyeing an aqueous dyeing liquor which contains at least two dye mixtures, each dye mixture consisting of at least (a) one migrating cationic dye, the cation weight of which is less than 310, the parachor of which is less than 750 and the log P of which is less than 3.6, and (b) at least one non-migrating cationic dye, at least one parameter of which is outside the definition given under (a), and the components (a) and (b) being employed in a mixing ratio which is such that during the dyeing process the migrating and non-migrating dyes migrate on the fibre on tone. This produces, on polyacrylonitrile materials, dyeings which are distinguished by high levelness and high lightfastness.

Abstract: In the process for production of discharge reserve prints on textile material comprised of water-repellent fibers or water repellent fibers mixed with cellulose fibers, wherein a disperse dyestuff which is dischargeable to white is applied in the form of a dye liquor or printing paste to the textile material after which said material is dried or incipiently dried, and a discharge reserve printing paste is printed on the material in the desired pattern, and the thus treated material is subsequently subjected to a heat treatment at temperatures of 100.degree. to 230.degree. C., the improvement comprises said disperse dyestuff which is dischargeable to white is a dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## as more fully defined herein and wherein said discharge reserve printing paste contains, as the discharging agent, a base which produces a pH value of at least 8 in a 5% strength aqueous solution.

Abstract: Disclosed is a Romanowsky stain having improved stability characteristics which comprises a methanol solution of Methylene Blue, an azure dye and the free acid of Eosin Y.

Abstract: This invention relates to an optical brightener composition comprising at least one optical brightener and at least one color salt consisting of an optical brightener component having at least one anionic group and a color component having at least one basic group capable of forming a slat with the anionic group, which composition has an excellent brightening effect capable of giving a clearer whiteness as well as a high light fastness.

Abstract: The present invention is a stabilized Romanowsky type stain solution. The stain solution which comprises azures, Methylene Blue and an eosin dye in methanol solution, is stabilized by the addition thereto of a stabilizing amount of a combination of dimethylamine hydrochloride and a second amine of the formula R.sub.2 NH.sub.2.sup.+ Cl.sup.- or R.sub.3 NH.sup.+ Cl.sup.- where R is ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel color salt or color complex consisting of an optical brightener component having at least one anionic group and a color component having at least one basic group capable of forming a salt with the anionic group. This color salt is capable of coloring various fibrous articles, paper, pulp, leathers, rubbers, adhesives and plastics in clear and brightened color.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cell-staining solution which contains Azure B, Eosin Y, and a stabilizing amount of diethylamine hydrochloride in methanolic solution, which produces a Romanowsky-type staining effect.

Abstract: A composition containing(A) 10 parts by weight of an anionic product obtained by addition of 5 to 20 mols of ethylene oxide to an aliphatic saturated or unsaturated alcohol of 10 to 24 carbon atoms, followed by carboxymethylation(B) 1 to 15 parts by weight of a cationic addition product of 50 to 150 mols of ethylene oxide to a fatty amino-(C.sub.2-3)alkylene-amine(C) 1 to 10 parts by weight of a non-ionic addition product of 20 to 150 mols of ethylene oxide to castor oil, or a non-ionic sequenced addition product of 20 to 150 mols of ethylene oxide and 1 to 10 mols of propylene oxide to castor oil, and(D) 1 to 20 parts by weight of a N-(.beta.-hydroxy-(C.sub.2-4)alkyl)-fatty acid amide,is a dyeing auxiliary useful for the dyeing in one bath or printing of a mixed textile substrate comprising cationic dyeable fibres and anionic or disperse dyeable fibres.

Abstract: The invention relates to transfer-printing carriers for printing sheet-like articles made from polyacrylonitrile, which carriers carry, as the red component, a mixture of dyes of the two types ##STR1## wherein A is an ether group, n is an integer having a value of at most 4, X is a hydrogen atom or a low-molecular alkyl group optionally containing substituents, and Y is a low-molecular alkyl group optionally containing one substituent. The ratio of the dyes of the types I and II present in the mixture has to be 1:3 to 3:1.

Abstract: A method for continuous dyeing of pile fabric using a Kusters dye applicator is disclosed. The method concerns the use of a dye solution comprising at least two dyestuffs, the dyestuffs being selected to have approximately equal strike rates, and a sufficient amount of a thickening agent to provide a dye solution-viscosity of from about 300 to about 1000 centipoise (Brookfield Viscometer). The resulting dyed carpet exhibits excellent shade uniformity in the across machine direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for dyeing cellulose fibres and fibre mixtures containing cellulose fibres, which is characterized in that at least two different reactive dyestuffs which give dyeings of the same color shade on cellulose and which have reactivities which differ from each other by a factor of at least 10, are used in the same dyebath.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously bulking and dyeing linear polycarbonamide fibers which comprises treating the same with a solution of an alcohol containing a tinctorial amount of at least one dyestuff therein, and thereafter washing the treated fibers in hot water, soaping, and washing in hot and cold water and drying.

Abstract: Use of compounds which, in the form of the free acid, correspond to the formula ##STR1## in which Z represents halogen or alkylcarbonylamino with 1-4 C atoms in the alkyl radical,m is 0, 1 or 2 andn, r and s represent the numbers 0 or 1 with the proviso that the sum of n, r and s has a value of 1 or 2 and s can be 1 only if r at the same time is 0,for dyeing polymeric materials containing amide groups, material dyed in this way and colorants containing the compounds of the indicated formula.

Abstract: The present invention is a stabilized Romanowsky type stain solution. The stain solution which comprises azures, Methylene Blue and an eosin dye in methanol is stabilized by the addition thereto of an ammonium halide, a primary, secondary or tertiary alkylamine hydrohalide or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Process for the production of granular mixtures of vat dyestuffs and/or disperse dyestuffs, characterized in that liquid or pasty, finished formulations of two or more vat dyestuffs and/or disperse dyestuffs are spray-dried together to form granules.

Abstract: A process for whitening polyester fibres with a fluorescent whitening agent for polyester and a shading dye by the exhaust method, said process being carried out in a dispersion of the fluorescent whitening agent having a pH value above 9, preferably between 11 and 13.5.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the pad-dyeing or printing of web-like textiles consisting totally or partially of cellulose fibers, with aqueous padding liquors or printing pastes containing one or several reactive dyes and optionally, thickening and padding auxiliaries, the starting pH values of the liquors and pastes being in the slightly acid range, which comprises fixing the padded or printed dyestuffs, without the addition of alkalis or alkali-yielding agents, by subjecting the dyestuffs to high-pressure steam or high temperature steam or dry heat.

Abstract: Described is a process for the level dyeing of polyester material by the aqueous exhaust method at temperatures above 100.degree. C., which comprises the use of an aqueous dye liquor which contains at least one migrating disperse dye as well as further ingredients. As migrating disperse dye, preferably a dye is used which has a diffusion coefficient Do at 130.degree. C. of 2 to 10.times.10.sup.-10 cm.sup.2 /sec, a distribution coefficient K at 130.degree. C. of 20 to 500 1/kg, and a migration half-life t/2 less then 50 minutes.