Abstract: Graphene and graphene-like materials may be formed by preparing a solution of a suitable polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) in a solvent that is immiscible with water (or other suitable underlying liquid). A suitably thin layer of the PAH solution is formed on the surface of a thin layer of water. The solvent is evaporated from the solution layer to form a film of PAH material organized in contiguous molecular discs. The organized PAH material may be further processed by careful removal or evaporation of the water layer to deposit the PAH residue on a desired surface. The PAH residue may then be heated to remove hydrogen atoms and form a carbon-enriched or wholly carbon, graphene structure.

Abstract: A method of making a LED includes following steps. A substrate is provided, and the substrate includes an epitaxial growth surface. A buffer layer is grown on the epitaxial growth surface. A carbon nanotube layer is placed on the buffer layer. A first semiconductor layer, an active layer, and a second semiconductor layer are grown in that order on the buffer layer. A reflector and a first electrode are deposited on the second semiconductor layer in that order. The substrate and the buffer layer are removed. A second electrode is deposited on the first semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube field emission device with overhanging gate fabricated by a double silicon-on-insulator process. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a carbon nanotube array structure and a method for making the same. The carbon nanotube array structure includes a bendable flexible substrate and a carbon nanotube array. The flexible substrate has at least one surface. The carbon nanotube array is grown on at least one surface of the flexible substrate. In the method for making the carbon nanotube array structure, a reacting chamber, and a bendable flexible substrate with at least one surface are provided. The flexible substrate is disposed in the reacting chamber and heated to a certain temperature. A carbon source gas is supplied into the reacting chamber, thereby forming a carbon nanotube array on the catalyst layer.

Abstract: An apparatus for making a carbon nanotube composite structure includes a supply unit, a wrapping unit, and a collecting unit. The supply unit is configured to supply a linear structure. The wrapping unit includes a drive mechanism, a hollow rotating shaft, and a face plate. The drive mechanism is mounted on a first end of the hollow rotating shaft to drive the hollow rotating shaft. The face plate is fixed on a second end of the hollow rotating shaft and loads a carbon nanotube array with a growing substrate. The carbon nanotube array forms a carbon nanotube structure. The wrapping unit winds the carbon nanotube structure around the linear structure. The collecting unit pulls the linear structure and collects the carbon nanotube composite wire structure.

Abstract: Methods of easily manufacturing a large-area graphene fiber are provided. The method includes forming a supporting fiber, forming a graphene oxide-containing solution, coating the supporting fiber with the graphene oxide-containing solution to form a graphene oxide composite fiber, and separating the supporting fiber from the graphene oxide composite fiber. The large-area graphene fiber having high strength, high flexibility, and high porosity is easily manufactured to be applied in various fields including an environment field and an energy field.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a nanocarbon producing apparatus includes a heating vessel which provides a reducing atmosphere therein, a heating source disposed on an outer circumference of the heating vessel, a hydrocarbon injection nozzle disposed on an upstream side of the heating vessel for spraying hydrocarbon into the heating vessel, and a nanocarbon product discharge nozzle disposed on a downstream side of the heating vessel, wherein a metallic substrate is disposed on an inside surface of the heating vessel and the hydrocarbon is continuously sprayed from the hydrocarbon injection nozzle, effecting a reaction to grow nanocarbon on the metallic substrate, and the grown nanocarbon product is peeled off from the metallic substrate and discharged through the discharge nozzle.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and methods of manufacturing and operating the semiconductor device may be disclosed. The semiconductor device may comprise different nanostructures. The semiconductor device may have a first element formed of nanowires and a second element formed of nanoparticles. The nanowires may be ambipolar carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The first element may be a channel layer. The second element may be a charge trap layer. In this regard, the semiconductor device may be a transistor or a memory device.

Abstract: Apparatus for transmitting and receiving information using one or more quantum-entangled particles. The apparatus may include a first substrate including a first row of quantum dots and a second substrate including a second row of quantum dots. The apparatus may also include a beam splitter configured to inject a first particle into a first quantum dot and to inject a second particle into a second quantum dot. A physical property of the first particle may be in a quantum-entangled state with a physical property of the second particle. The apparatus may further include a first wave source configured to move the first particle along the first row of quantum dot, and a second wave source configured to move the second particle along the second row of quantum dots.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of generating energetic particles, which comprises contacting nanotubes with a source of hydrogen isotopes, such as D2O, and applying activation energy to the nanotubes. In one embodiment, the hydrogen isotopes comprises protium, deuterium, tritium, and combinations thereof. There is also disclosed a method of transmuting matter that is based on the increased likelihood of nuclei interaction for atoms confined in the limited dimensions of a nanotube structure, which generates energetic particles sufficient to transmute matter and exposing matter to be transmuted to these particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for fabricating an electrode, including the steps of: providing a plurality of carbon nanotubes; shaping the carbon nanotubes to form a plurality of carbon nanotube granules; and mixing the carbon nanotube granules with one or more polymers to form the electrode. The present disclosure also provides an electrode.

Abstract: A method for making a light emitting diode includes the following steps. A substrate having a first epitaxial growth surface is provided. A carbon nanotube layer is placed on the first epitaxial growth surface of the substrate. A surface of the first semiconductor layer is exposed by removing the substrate and the carbon nanotube layer. The surface of the first semiconductor layer is defined as a second epitaxial growth surface. An active layer and a second semiconductor layer are grown on the second epitaxial growth surface in that order. A surface of the active layer contacted the first semiconductor layer engages with the second epitaxial growth surface. A part of the first semiconductor layer is exposed by etching a part of the active layer and the second semiconductor layer. A first electrode is applied on the first semiconductor layer and a second electrode is applied on the second semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A technique for a nanodevice is provided. A reservoir is separated into two parts by a membrane. A nanopore is formed through the membrane, and the nanopore connects the two parts of the reservoir. The nanopore and the two parts of the reservoir are filled with ionic buffer. The membrane includes a graphene layer or a graphene oxide layer. The nanopore could be oxidized to graphene oxide at an inner surface. The graphene or graphene oxide in the nanopore is coated with an organic layer configured to interact with biomolecules in a different way in order to differentiate the biomolecules. The organic layer enhances resolution and motion control of the biomolecules. A time trace of ionic current is monitored to identify the biomolecules based on a respective interaction of the biomolecules with the organic layer.

Abstract: Apparatus to deliver predetermined forces, containers to hold particulate material and media, media, and the associated parameters for operating such equipment along with methods and compositions provided by the apparatus and methods.

Abstract: Patterns of a nonvolatile memory device include a semiconductor substrate including active regions extending in a longitudinal direction, an isolation structure formed between the active regions, a tunnel insulating layer formed on the active regions, a charge trap layer formed on the tunnel insulating layer, a first dielectric layer formed on the charge trap layer and the isolation structure, wherein the first dielectric layer is extended along a lateral direction, a control gate layer formed on the first dielectric layer, wherein the control gate layer is extended along the lateral direction, and a second dielectric layer formed on a sidewall of the control gate layer along the lateral direction and coupled to the first dielectric layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the formation and processing of nanostructures including nanotubes. Some embodiments provide processes for nanostructure growth using relatively mild conditions (e.g., low temperatures). In some cases, methods of the invention may improve the efficiency (e.g., catalyst efficiency) of nanostructure formation and may reduce the production of undesired byproducts during nanostructure formation, including volatile organic compounds and/or polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons. Such methods can both reduce the costs associated with nanostructure formation, as well as reduce the harmful effects of nanostructure fabrication on environmental and public health and safety.

Abstract: A method for producing an aggregated thread structure includes (a) a process of dispersing carbon nanotube to a first solvent, which is water or a mixed solvent containing organic solvent and water, with a surfactant, to create a dispersion and (b) a process of injecting the dispersion, in which carbon nanotube is dispersed, to a condensing liquid, which is a second solvent that differs from the first solvent, to thereby aggregate and spin carbon nanotube. The aggregated thread structure containing carbon nanotube has: a bulk density of 0.5 g/cm3 or more; a weight reduction rate up to 450° C. of 50% or less; a G/D ratio for resonance Raman scattering measurement of 10 or more; and an electric conductivity of 50 S/cm or more.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a biosensor comprising a graphene electrode linked to a biosensing element by a linker, the biosensing element bonded to a flexible substrate. The graphene electrode has a first end and a second end, such that the first end may be a positive terminal and the second end a negative terminal. An electrical voltage may be applied to the positive and negative terminals to measure an electrical current response in proportion to a lactate concentration on the biosensing element. In embodiments, the biosensing element is an enzyme. By way of example, the biosensing element may be LOD.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method comprising causing motion of an enclosed container comprising substrate material and graphite material within the container; and coating surfaces of the substrate material with the graphite material responsive to the motion of the container, the coated surfaces comprising graphene or graphene layers.

Abstract: Provided are a method for preparing grapheme from an organic material using a radiation technique, and graphene prepared using the same, and more particularly, a method of preparing graphene by dissolving an organic material such as polymer, oligomer, or the like, in a solvent to prepare an organic material solution, applying the prepared solution to an upper portion of a substrate to form an organic thin film, introducing a cross-link structure into the organic thin film through irradiation with radiation, and then performing a carbonization process, and graphene prepared using the same. With a method of preparing graphene from an organic material using a radiation technique, and graphene prepared using the same according to the present invention, expensive metal catalyst and substrate, oxidation and reduction processes, and a delicate process control may not be required as compared to the existing method.

Abstract: A tandem organic light emitting diode (OLED) device comprised of multiple stacked single OLEDs electrically connected in parallel via transparent interlayer is recited herein. Transparent interlayers are coated by charge injection layers in order to enhance the charge injection efficiency and decrease the operation voltage. Transparent nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotube sheets (or graphene, graphene ribbons and similar conductive transparent nano-carbon forms) are used as Interlayers or outer electrodes. Furthermore, functionalization of carbon nanotubes inter layers by n-doping (or p-doping) converts them into common cathode (or common anode), further decreasing operation voltage of tandem. The development of these alternative interconnecting layers comprised of nanomaterials simplifies the process and may be combined with traditional OLED devices. In addition, novel architectures are enabled that allow the parallel connection of the stacked OLEDs into monolithic multi-junction OLED tandems.

Abstract: Methods of forming carbon nanotubes include forming a catalytic metal layer on a sidewall of an electrically conductive region, such as a metal or metal nitride pattern. A plurality of carbon nanotubes are grown from the catalytic metal layer. These carbon nanotubes can be grown from a sidewall of the catalytic metal layer. The plurality of carbon nanotubes are then exposed to an organic solvent. This step of exposing the carbon nanotubes to the organic solvent may be preceded by a step of applying centrifugal forces to the plurality of carbon nanotubes. Alternatively, the exposing step may include applying a centrifugal force to the plurality of carbon nanotubes while simultaneously exposing the plurality of carbon nanotubes to an organic solvent.

Abstract: An article of manufacture includes a semiconductor die (110) having an integrated circuit (105) on a first side of the die (110), a diffusion barrier (125) on a second side of the die (110) opposite the first side, a mat of carbon nanotubes (112) rooted to the diffusion barrier (125), a die attach adhesive (115) forming an integral mass with the mat (112) of the carbon nanotubes, and a die pad (120) adhering to the die attach adhesive and (115) and the mat (112) of carbon nanotubes for at least some thermal transfer between the die (110) and the die pad (120) via the carbon nanotubes (112). Other articles, integrated circuit devices, structures, and processes of manufacture, and assembly processes are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a graphene composite thin film composition composed of nano graphene platelets (NGPs) bonded by a graphene oxide binder, wherein the NGPs contain single-layer graphene or multi-layer graphene sheets having a thickness from 0.335 nm to 100 nm. The NGPs occupy a weight fraction of 1% to 99.9% of the total composite weight. The graphene oxide binder, having an oxygen content of 1-40% (preferably <10%) by weight based on the total graphene oxide weight, is obtained from a graphene oxide gel. The composite forms a thin film with a thickness no greater than 1 mm, but preferably no greater than 100 ?m and no less than 10 ?m. This composition has a combination of exceptional thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and mechanical strength unmatched by any thin-film material of comparable thickness range.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dye-sensitized solar cell and a method of preparing the same, and it can increase the efficiency and productivity of dye-sensitized solar cells at the same time by replacing all or part of the expensive light-absorbing dyes by carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphenes or carbon blacks.

Abstract: A method of degrading carbon nanomaterials includes mixing the carbon nanomaterials with a composition comprising a peroxide substrate and at least one catalyst selected from the group of an enzyme and an enzyme analog. The peroxide substrate undergoes a reaction in the presence of the catalyst to produce an agent interactive with the nanotubes to degrade the carbon nanomaterials. The peroxide substrate can, for example, be hydrogen peroxide or an organic peroxide.

Abstract: Methods of preparing single walled carbon nanotubes are provided. An arrangement comprising one or more layers of fullerene in contact with one side of a metal layer and a solid carbon source in contact with the other side of metal layer is prepared. The fullerene/metal layer/solid carbon source arrangement is then heated to a temperature below where the fullerenes sublime. Single walled carbon nanotubes are grown on the fullerene side of the metal layer.

Abstract: A circuit is provided that includes a plurality of vertically oriented p-i-n diodes. Each p-i-n diode includes a bottom heavily doped p-type region. When a voltage between about 1.5 volts and about 3.0 volts is applied across each p-i-n diode, a current of at least 1.5 microamps flows through 99 percent of the p-i-n diodes. Numerous other aspects are also provided.

Abstract: A stamping device for stamping a nanotube network onto a target substrate is disclosed. The device comprises a template structure having a support structure formed on or attached to a substrate, and a plurality of nanotubes being supported by the support structure and engaging a plane which is spatially separated from the substrate.

Abstract: A container-enclosed fullerene, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of storing fullerene are provided, that make it possible to inhibit alteration of fullerene, especially that make it possible to prevent degradation of the solubility to solvent. A container-enclosed fullerene includes fullerene hermetically enclosed in a container with a high degree of vacuum. The internal pressure of the container is preferably 10 Pa or lower. The fullerene is preferably a metal encapsulated fullerene. The container-enclosed fullerene is manufactured by filling fullerene in a container, evacuating the container, and thereafter sealing the container.

Abstract: Non-planar semiconductor devices are provided that include at least one semiconductor nanowire suspended above a semiconductor oxide layer that is present on a first portion of a bulk semiconductor substrate. An end segment of the at least one semiconductor nanowire is attached to a first semiconductor pad region and another end segment of the at least one semiconductor nanowire is attached to a second semiconductor pad region. The first and second pad regions are located above and are in direct contact with a second portion of the bulk semiconductor substrate which is vertically offsets from the first portion. The structure further includes a gate surrounding a central portion of the at least one semiconductor nanowire, a source region located on a first side of the gate, and a drain region located on a second side of the gate which is opposite the first side of the gate.

Abstract: The present invention provides CNT, in particular CNT having inherent properties thereof, which has a thin wall and does not form a bundle, and an efficient production method of the CNT. The method is for producing CNT, the whole length or a part thereof is compressed to form a band, said method comprises preparing a powdery and/or particulate material of an organic compound pre-baked to an extent of containing remaining hydrogen and allowed to carry a catalyst, which may be a transition metal, other metal or other element, thereon; charging the powdery and/or particulate material of the organic compound in a closed vessel made of a heat resistant material; and subjecting the powdery and/or particulate material of the organic compound together with the vessel to hot isostatic pressing treatment using a compressed gas atmosphere, wherein a maximum ultimate temperature at the hot isostatic pressing treatment is 750 to 1200° C.

Abstract: A method for making a carbon nanotube composite structure is provided. First, a matrix having a surface and a carbon nanotube structure are provided. The carbon nanotube structure is placed on the surface of the matrix. The carbon nanotube structure includes a plurality of carbon nanotubes. The carbon nanotube structure and the matrix are exposed to electromagnetic waves.

Abstract: A photonic component is provided including at least one linear optical waveguide, of which an active portion is surrounded over all or part of its periphery by a grouping of one or more essentially semiconducting nanotubes. These nanotubes interact with their exterior environment in an active zone extending on either side of the optical waveguide, to thus induce an optical coupling between an electrical or optical signal applied to the nanotubes and on the other hand an optical signal in the active portion of the waveguide. Such a component can carry out bipolar electro-optical functions as light source, or modulator or detector, inside the optical guide, for example with an electro-optical coupling between on the one hand an electrical signal applied between the electrodes, and on the other hand an optical signal emitted or modified in the active portion of the optical waveguide towards the remainder of the optical guide.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device is disclosed. The method includes forming a co-catalyst layer and catalyst layer above a surface of a semiconductor substrate. The co-catalyst layer and catalyst layer have fcc structure. The fcc structure is formed such that (111) face of the fcc structure is to be oriented parallel to the surface of the semiconductor substrate. The catalyst includes a portion which contacts the co-catalyst layer. The portion has the fcc structure. An exposed surface of the catalyst layer is planarized by oxidation and reduction treatments. A graphene layer is formed on the catalyst layer.

Abstract: In a method for fabricating a graphene structure, there is formed on a fabrication substrate a pattern of a plurality of distinct graphene catalyst materials. In one graphene synthesis step, different numbers of graphene layers are formed on the catalyst materials in the formed pattern. In a method for fabricating a graphene transistor, on a fabrication substrate at least one graphene catalyst material is provided at a substrate region specified for synthesizing a graphene transistor channel and at least one graphene catalyst material is provided at a substrate region specified for synthesizing a graphene transistor source, and at a substrate region specified for synthesizing a graphene transistor drain. Then in one graphene synthesis step, at least one layer of graphene is formed at the substrate region for the graphene transistor channel, and at the regions for the transistor source and drain there are formed a plurality of layers of graphene.

Abstract: Two methods of producing nano-pads of catalytic metal for growth of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) are disclosed. Both methods utilize a shadow mask technique, wherein the nano-pads are deposited from the catalytic metal source positioned under the angle toward the vertical walls of the opening, so that these walls serve as a shadow mask. In the first case, the vertical walls of the photo-resist around the opening are used as a shadow mask, while in the second case the opening is made in a thin layer of the dielectric layer serving as a shadow mask. Both methods produce the nano-pad areas sufficiently small for the growth of the SWCNT from the catalytic metal balls created after high temperature melting of the nano-pads.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a temperature sensor comprising a network of carbon nanotubes, wherein an electrical resistance of the network of carbon nanotubes is indicative of a temperature to which the network of carbon nanotubes has been exposed. The present invention further relates to a time temperature indicator and a method of manufacturing a temperature sensor.

Abstract: The linear low density polyethylene nanocomposite fibers are formed from a linear low density polyethylene matrix having carbon nanotubes embedded therein. The addition of the carbon nanotubes enhances the overall toughness of the material, resulting in increases over conventional linear low density polyethylene in the material's tensile strength, elasticity and ductility. The carbon nanotubes constitute between about 0.08% and 1.0% by weight of the linear low density polyethylene nanocomposite fiber. Optimal toughness is found at about 0.3 wt %. The linear low density polyethylene nanocomposite fibers are made by first melting a quantity of linear low density polyethylene, and then blending a quantity of carbon nanotubes into the melted linear low density polyethylene to form a mixture, The mixture is then extruded to form the linear low density polyethylene nanocomposite fibers, which are then spun in a spinneret die to produce the finished linear low density polyethylene nanocomposite fibers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for etching graphene using a DNA sample of a predetermined DNA shape. The DNA sample is preferably placed onto a reaction area of a piece of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG), and both the DNA sample and HOPG are then preferably placed into a humidity-controlled chamber. Humidity is preferably applied to the HOPG to produce a film of water across the surface of the DNA sample. Electrical voltage is also applied to the HOPG to create potential energy for the etching process. After the etching is completed, the reaction area is typically rinsed with deionized water.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing carbon nanotube (CNT) device arrays. In the method of manufacturing CNT device arrays, catalyst patterns may be formed using a photolithography process, CNTs may be grown from the catalyst patterns, and electrodes may be formed on the grown CNTs.

Abstract: A method for forming a carbon nanotube array is related. A substrate with a catalyst layer on a surface of the substrate is provided and placed into a reaction device. At least two kinds of carbon source gases including different kinds of single carbon isotope are introduced into the reaction device at the same time. The reaction device is heated to different reaction temperatures to react the carbon source gases under different temperatures to grow a carbon nanotube array on a surface of the catalyst layer.

Abstract: In one aspect, a method of making non-covalently bonded carbon-titania nanocomposite thin films includes: forming a carbon-based ink; forming a titania (TiO2) solution; blade-coating a mechanical mixture of the carbon-based ink and the titania solution onto a substrate; and annealing the blade-coated substrate at a first temperature for a first period of time to obtain the carbon-based titania nanocomposite thin films. In certain embodiments, the carbon-based titania nanocomposite thin films may include solvent-exfoliated graphene titania (SEG-TiO2) nanocomposite thin films, or single walled carbon nanotube titania (SWCNT-TiO2) nanocomposite thin films.

Abstract: Methods and processes for quantitatively determining the ratio of the metallic to semiconductor tubes in the sample single-wall carbon nanotubes is provided. The single-walled carbon nanotubes can be sonicated to debundle the bulk material. The debundled SWNTs can be coated with a polymer, such as sulfonated polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene (SDPS), and the coated SWNTs can be deposited on a substrate. The total number of tubes can be determined by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The semiconducting nanotubes can be determined by photoluminescence spectroscopy. The combination of photoluminescence and AFM measurements provides a quantitative ratio of the metallic to semiconductor tubes in the sample.

Abstract: We disclose a novel filter and process that converts the wastes in automotive exhausts into carbon nanotubes. The filter surface is composed of iron of similar catalyst. The filter is placed along the pathway of exhaust streamlines preferably at an angle of more than 5°. and less than 15°. The filter is heated to temperatures in the range of 200-1000° C. The filter described in this invention can work in its own or supplement existing filtration systems. The end product of this filtration system is a material that is commercially valuable. The synthesized carbon nanotubes are purified using ionic liquid solution that is capable of removing undesirable carbonated material and leaving 95% purified carbon nanotubes. The purified carbon nanotubes have a diameter of 20-50 nm and a length of 1-10 micro meters.

Abstract: A method for making a carbon nanotube composite film is provided. A PVDF is dissolved into a first solvent to form a PVDF solution. A number of magnetic particles is dispersed into the PVDF solution to form a suspension. A carbon nanotube film is immersed into the suspension and then transferred into a second solvent. The carbon nanotube film structure is transferred from the second solvent and dried to form the carbon nanotube composite film.

Abstract: In the method for making graphene, an electrolyte solution is formed by dissolving an electrolyte lithium salt in an organic solvent. Lithium ions are separated out from the electrolyte lithium salt in the electrolyte solution. Metal lithium and graphite are disposed in the electrolyte solution, and the metal lithium and the graphite are in contact with each other. In the electrolyte solution, lithium ions and organic solvent molecules jointly insert between adjacent layers of the graphite to form a graphite intercalation compound. The graphene is peeled off from the graphite intercalation compound.

Abstract: An RF inductor such as a Tesla antenna splices nanotube ends together to form a nanostructure in a polymer foam matrix. High Internal Phase Emulsion (HIPE) is gently sheared and stretched in a reactor comprising opposed coaxial counter-rotating impellers, which parallel-align polymer chains and also carbon nanotubes mixed with the oil phase. Stretching and forced convection prevent the auto-acceleration effect. Batch and continuous processes are disclosed. In the batch process, a fractal radial array of coherent vortices in the HIPE is preserved when the HIPE polymerizes, and helical nanostructures around these vortices are spliced by microhammering into longer helices. A disk radial filter produced by the batch process has improved radial flux from edge to center due to its area-preserving radial vascular network. In the continuous process, strips of HIPE are pulled from the periphery of the reactor continuously and post-treated by an RF inductor to produce cured conductive foam.

Abstract: A method for making carbon nanotube paper is disclosed. The method includes using a roller, a pressing device, and at least one carbon nanotube array. At least one carbon nanotube film structure is formed by drawing a plurality of carbon nanotubes from the at least one carbon nanotube array. The at least one carbon nanotube film structure is wound onto the roller. The carbon nanotube paper is formed by pressing the at least one carbon nanotube film structure using the pressing device.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a method of synthesizing a sulfur-carbon composite comprising forming an aqueous solution of a sulfur-based ion and carbon source, adding an acid to the aqueous solution such that the sulfur-based ion nucleates as sulfur upon the surface of the carbon source; and forming an electrically conductive network from the carbon source. The sulfur-carbon composite includes the electrically conductive network with nucleated sulfur. It also relates to a sulfur-carbon composite comprising a carbon-based material, configured such that the carbon-based material creates an electrically conductive network and a plurality of sulfur granules in electrical communication with the electrically conductive network, and configured such that the sulfur granules are reversibly reactive with alkali metal. It further relates to batteries comprising a cathode comprising such a carbon-based material along with an anode and an electrolyte.