Abstract: An electrode for a discharge lamp, wherein the electrode comprises a pin and a mass arranged on an end of the pin by melting over an electrode coil. The pin consists of tungsten with microstructure-stabilizing additives, wherein the concentration of the microstructure-stabilizing additives is greater than or equal to 30 ppm. The electrode coil consists of pure tungsten, which has additives at most up to a concentration of 20 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention provides an electron source that can produce a stable electron beam even if an apparatus employing the electron source receives vibration from the outside. An electron source comprising an insulator, a pair of conductive terminals attached to the insulator, a filament tensed between the pair of conductive terminals, a rod-shaped cathode having a sharp end portion performing as an electron emitting portion and joined with the filament, wherein the cathode has another end portion different from the electron emitting portion, fixed to the insulator. It is preferred that said another end portion of the cathode other than the electron emitting portion, is fixed to the insulator via a metal pin brazed with the insulator.

Abstract: Here disclosed is a method of manufacturing a plasma display device in which a panel is easily separated from a holding plate if the separation is required. In the method of manufacturing a plasma display device having a panel, in which a pair of substrates having transparency at least on the front side is oppositely disposed so that discharge space and discharge cells are formed between the substrates, and a metallic holding plate that supports the panel via a thermal conductive member, the present invention employs a thermal conductive member made of a pull-to-remove adhesive. The adhesive is applied to the panel or the holding plate, and the panel and the holding plate are put together. After that, the adhesive is cured by application of pressure and heat.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a field emission electron source, the method comprising the steps of: preparing a substrate, a carbon nanotubes slurry, and a conductive slurry; applying a conductive slurry layer onto the substrate; applying a layer of carbon nanotubes slurry onto the conductive slurry layer; and solidifying the substrate under a temperature of 300 to 600 degrees centigrade so as to form the field emission electron source.

Abstract: Disclosure of an electrode arrangement (1) as high voltage electrode for continual plasma treatment or plasma coating of web material with several knife electrodes (3) arranged at a right angle to any transport direction of the web material and essentially located parallely to each other which is characterized by the fact that the distances (a?e) of adjacent knife electrodes (3) vary. In tests it has turned out that a more uniform coating result or, respectively, treatment result can be achieved with such an electrode arrangement than with comparable arrangements in which the knife electrodes are arranged equidistant. Preferably, the distances (a) between adjacent knife electrodes (3) are larger at the edges of the electrode arrangement (1) than the distances (e) between adjacent knife electrodes (3) in its center.

Abstract: A display panel includes a first plurality of scan lines, a second plurality of scan lines, and a cell section that includes first and second electrode layers that cross form a plurality of display cells. Each cell includes a light-emitting layer which is formed between the first and second electrode layers. The panel also includes a plurality of contacts, each of which electrically couples at least one of the first or second scan lines to a corresponding one of the second electrode layers. One or more of the contacts have a dimension which is different from a dimension of one of the display cells.

Abstract: A light emitting device that includes a radiation emitter. The radiation emitter includes an emissive substrate which emits radiation. The device further includes an attenuating layer formed by annealing a layer of a different material with the substrate. An array of light transmission channels which are sized to suppress infrared radiation during operation of the light emitting device, extend into the attenuating layer.

Abstract: A lamp device and a light source module are provided. The lamp device includes a lamp body and a coil connecting tube. The lamp body has an end portion and a lead wire extends from the end portion. The coil connecting tube is disposed corresponding to the end portion of the lamp body and electrically connecting to the lead wire for power supply purpose. The coil connecting tube winds about an axial direction of the lamp body and is capable of stretching or compressing along the axial direction. The light source module includes the lamp device and a lamp connector which has a power source portion being coupled to the coil connecting tube for power supply.

Abstract: A radiation source having self-shading electrodes is disclosed. Debris originating from the electrodes is reduced. The path from the electrodes to the EUV optics is blocked by part of the electrodes themselves (termed self-shading). This may significantly reduce the amount of electrode-generated debris.

Abstract: In accordance with one embodiment, the hollow cathode is comprised of a first tantalum tube, tantalum foil, and a second tantalum tube. The foil is in the form of a spiral winding around the outside of the first tube and is held in place by the second tube, which surrounds the foil. One end of the second tube is approximately flush with one end of the first tube. The other end of the second tube extends to a cathode support through which the working gas flows. To start the cathode, a flow of ionizable inert gas, usually argon, is initiated through the hollow cathode and out the open end of the first tube. An electrical discharge is then started between an external electrode and the first tube. When the first tube is heated to operating temperature, electrons are emitted from the open end of the first tube.

Abstract: To provide a transparent electrode having high infrared light transmittance that is used in an optical communication device using infrared light, particularly infrared light near 1.55 ?m, the transparent electrode of the present invention includes a transparent conductive film, and the extinction coefficient of the transparent conductive film at a wavelength of 1.55 ?m is equal to or less than 0.5.

Abstract: A cathode shield comprising a shield body and tabs for defining a focal spot length. The tabs can be integral with the shield body and spaced a distance apart from each other. The tabs can at least partially define the focal spot length of an electron source associated with a cathode shield. The cathode shield can further comprise means for positioning the cathode shield relative to a component in a cathode assembly.

Abstract: A short arc type discharge lamp comprises a pair of electrodes, at least one of which has an electrode main body portion and an axis portion and/or a taper portion formed between the electrode main body portion and the axis portion, wherein in the at least one of the electrodes, the axis portion has an outer diameter smaller than that of the electrode main body portion, and at least one groove extending in an axis line direction of the electrode is formed in the electrode main body portion, the axis portion or the taper portion.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for a discharge lamp, particularly a ceramic metal halide (CMH) lamp, having a ceramic body defining a discharge chamber and at least one leg having an opening therethrough. An electrode assembly is received at least in part in the body, preferably including a niobium mandrel, a molybdenum mandrel, and a molybdenum overwind received over the mandrel. A tungsten portion is then joined to the molybdenum composite. Adjacent turns of the overwind are spaced by a gap to facilitate receipt of an associated seal material on the overwind and the molybdenum mandrel. The gap is approximately 10% to 50% of the dimension between adjacent turns of the overwind relative to a diameter of the overwind.

Abstract: A dielectric barrier discharge lamp is provided, which may include an anode and a cathode, a discharge vessel with an exhaust tube, at least one starting electrode which is arranged along the outer side of the exhaust tube, a starting coating, which is arranged in the inner side of the exhaust tube, wherein the starting coating is arranged centrally over the starting electrode, and this starting electrode is connected to the cathode.

Abstract: A flat panel display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate disposed to oppose each other with a predetermined gap therebetween. An electrode made of a conductive film is formed on at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate. A sealing member is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and bonds the first substrate and the second substrate to each other. An electrode protecting layer is formed on a portion of the electrode overlapping with the sealing member and between the sealing member and the electrode. The electrode and the electrode protecting layer may be made of a conductive metal.

Abstract: A lamp electrode adapted to deliver mercury during an assembly process has a supporting electrical lead attached to the proximal end of a metallic shell. The proximal and a distal ends of the metallic shell each lie along a central axis. A container with a vitreous plug in a sealed end contains a substance for delivering mercury upon heating of the container. The sidewall of the container is attached to the electrical lead. The longitudinal axis of the container is skewed relative to the electrical lead to orient the container in a direction to reduce discharge of mercury directly toward the metallic shell. The container is heated to open it and discharge a mercury dose from the sealed, end, which is prone to opening upon heating of the container.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition for electrodes that enables a firing process in air at a temperature of 600° C. or less and does not cause an increase in absolute resistance and a substantial variation of the resistance even when the composition is repeatedly subjected to the firing process. The composition for electrodes comprises: about 5 to about 95% by weight of aluminum powder, the aluminum powder having a particle size distribution of about 2.0 or less as expressed by the following Equation (1) and having D50 in the range of about 0.1 ?m?D50?about 20 ?m; about 3 to about 60% by weight of an organic binder; and the balance of a solvent: Particle size distribution=(D90?D10)/D50 ??(1) wherein D10, D50, and D90 represent particle diameters at 10%, 50% and 90% points on an accumulation curve of a particle size distribution when the total weight is 100%. An electrode and a PDP fabricated using the composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: An electrode system for lamp engineering has at least one electrode holding rod and an electrode head, which are connected to one another by a soldering filler in a soldering process, the soldering filler being a sintered shaped part consisting of an essentially eutectic alloy.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode for a discharge lamp (I) with a cylindrical shaft (12) and a tip (11) which adjoins the cylindrical shaft (12), wherein a first material region (13) forming a core is formed in the longitudinal direction (A) of the electrode (1), and the core is surrounded, at least in regions, by a second material region (14) forming a casing. The invention also relates to a discharge lamp having such an electrode and to a method for producing an electrode for a discharge lamp.

Abstract: According to an aspect of an embodiment, a display unit manufacturing method for manufacturing a display unit, the method includes: forming a first resin film having a first electrode terminal and a first conductive film on one of surfaces of the first resin film, forming a second resin film having a second electrode terminal and a second conductive film on one of surfaces of the second resin film, arranging a display element on the first conductive film of the first resin film, arranging the second conductive film of the second resin film to the display element, forming a groove on another surface of the second resin film adjacent to the first electrode terminal, and tearing off a part of the second resin film along the groove so as to expose at least a part of the first electrode terminal.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of a molybdenum-rhenium alloy in the construction of sealing tubes for high pressure discharge lamps.

Abstract: A convex portion 2 having a specific sectional shape is formed on a substrate 1 between electrodes 3 and 4, and a gap 6 is formed on a conductive film 5, connecting the electrodes 3 and 4, on the convex portion 2, whereby the distance from the center of the gap 6 serving as a electron-emitting portion to the stagnation point is reduced so as to enhance an electron emission efficiency.

Abstract: A cathode assembly and a method for generation of pulsed plasma are disclosed. The cathode assembly comprises a cathode holder connected to multiple longitudinally aligned cathodes, preferably of the same diameter, and different lengths. The method is characterized by forming an electric arc between the cathodes in the assembly and an anode by passing DC current of a predetermined magnitude. Once the arc is established the current is reduced to the magnitude sufficient to sustain an electric arc, or a slightly larger magnitude, thereby reducing the area of arc attachment to a single cathode. Once the area of attachment has been reduced, the current is raised to the operational level of the pulse, while the area of attachment does not increase significantly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a barrier layer provided on the electrode assembly of a discharge lamp comprising at least a layer of nanoclusters of a non-oxidizing material. Further, the invention relates to an electrode assembly for a discharge lamp comprising an electrode having a foil attached thereto to create an electrode assembly, the assembly being coated with a multi-layer coating comprising at least a layer of non-oxidizing material in the form of nanoclusters, and at least another layer of non-oxidizing material, such that the total coating thickness is up to 1500 nm.

Abstract: An electrode unit of an extreme ultraviolet radiation generator comprise a breakdown voltage impression electrode, a ground electrode, an insulator provided in contact with the breakdown voltage impression electrode and the ground electrode in which plasma is generated between the discharge electrodes thereby emitting extreme ultraviolet radiation from the generated plasma, wherein at least one of the breakdown voltage impression electrode and the ground electrode includes a cooling portion which is made of copper, aluminum, or a material which contains copper, aluminum, or combination thereof as a main component and in which a passage through which a coolant passes is formed, and a discharge portion which is provided in close contact with a surface of the cooling portion, and which is made of any one of tungsten, tantalum, rhenium, molybdenum, and an alloy thereof as the a main component.

Abstract: The present invention provides an organic EL display device which exhibits a long lifetime. In an organic EL display device which includes pixel electrodes formed on a substrate, an insulation partition wall surrounding the pixel electrodes, an organic EL layer formed on the pixel electrodes, and a common electrode formed on the organic EL layer, the common electrode is formed of a transparent conductive film which is made of metal oxide, and an auxiliary electrode which is made of opaque metal containing Zn or Mg as a main component is arranged above the common electrode and at positions where the auxiliary electrode overlaps with the insulation partition wall. The auxiliary electrode may be arranged below the common electrode instead of being arranged above the common electrode.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device and a fabricating method thereof are provided. First, a substrate, having a first side and a second side which is opposite to the first side, is provided. Afterwards, a first electrode pattern layer is formed on the first side of the substrate. Next, a conductive pattern layer is formed on the substrate and the first electrode pattern layer. After that, an electron-emitting region is formed in the conductive pattern layer. Then, a second electrode pattern layer is formed on the second side of the substrate and partially covers the conductive pattern layer. The fabricating method has a simple fabricating process and a low fabricating cost.

Abstract: An extreme ultraviolet source with wide-angle vapor containment and reflux is described. In the optical output directions radiating from the source plasma there is an array of tapered buffer gas heat pipes, with wick structures in the walls. In directions toward the insulators separating the discharge electrodes there are disc-shaped buffered gas heat pipes that prevent metal vapor from condensing on these insulators. A preferred electrode configuration has three electrode discs that operate in the star pinch mode. Another electrode configuration comprises two electrode discs and supports a pseudospark discharge. The star pinch variant of this source has efficiently generated 13.5 nm radiation with lithium vapor and helium buffer gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a field emission device and an electrode structure thereof, comprising a starting base and a curved extending part formed on a surface of various shaped or dimensional structure. Therefore, the applied device and range is increased. The curved extending part is also for reducing the number of the contact point, as to simplify the procedure to design the peripheral circuit. Besides, a resisting section can be formed on the starting base. The resisting value of the resisting section is designed to provide various lighting effects.

Abstract: An electrode for an extra-high pressure discharge lamp, comprises large diameter portion which is symmetrical with respect to an axis of the electrode, a small diameter portion connected to the large diameter portion, wherein the large diameter portion is connected to the small diameter portion through an outer surface portion of the electrode, wherein a stripe lines like pattern portion, extending along an electrode axis direction, is formed on a portion to be brought in contact with glass of a lamp, and wherein unevenness is formed over an entire circumference of the electrode in a cross sectional view of the electrode taken along a direction perpendicular to the electrode axis direction.

Abstract: A field effect electron emitting apparatus is prepared by depositing a plurality of nano-wires 216 onto a substrate 200 having a cathode layer 214. The deposition occurs by suspending the nano-wires 216 in a plating solution, and plating the substrate with a metal layer 202, thereby entrapping the nano-wires. The nano-wires 216 are composed of an electrically-conductive magnetic material, and the deposition process is carried out in the presence of a magnetic field perpendicular to the substrate 200 so that the nano-wires 216 are aligned by the field.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a plasma chamber cathode and outer ring made of only silicon. When the anode (i.e., a voltage device) used in the plasma process of a semiconductor wafer is deformed due to the pressure of the R. F gas, the cathode coupled to the bottom of the anode must be deformed in cooperation with the anode. However, the cathode is comprised of silicon and graphite, which are elastomer-bonded. Thus, since the cathode is not flexibly deformed in cooperation with the deformation of the anode, bolts coupled to the anode, the cathode and the outer ring are broken and deviated. The graphite material easily generates particles. To solve the problem, the cathode is made of only silicon, and a plate groove and ring grooves are formed on the top portion of the cathode. A plate and rings are inserted into the plate groove and the ring grooves, respectively, so that a space portion is defined between the plate groove and the plate, and between the ring grooves and the rings.

Abstract: An electrode composition includes a metal in an amount of about 52% to about 62% by weight of the composition, a glass insulation material in an amount of about 5% to about 7% by weight of the composition, a coloring agent in an amount of about 3% to about 9% by weight of the composition, and a vehicle.

Abstract: A surface-emission cathode formed on an insulating surface having cantilevered, i.e. “undercut,” electrodes. Suitable insulating surfaces include negative electron affinity (NEA) insulators such as glass or diamond. The cathode can operate in a comprised vacuum (e.g., 10?7 Torr) with no bias on the electrodes and low vacuum electric fields (e.g., at least 10 V cm?1). Embodiments of the present invention are inexpensive to fabricate, requiring lithographic resolution of approximately 10 micrometers. These cathodes can be formed over large areas for use in lighting and displays and are suitable for satellite applications, such as cathodes for tethers, thrusters and space-charging neutralizers.

Abstract: An electron emission display device is capable of focusing electrons emitted from an electron emission region by using small gate holes formed on a thick insulating layer. The electron emission device includes a substrate, a cathode electrode formed on the substrate, a insulating layer formed on the cathode electrode, a gate electrode formed on the insulating layer, and the electron emission region formed on the cathode electrode. In the electron emission device, the insulating layer is provided with a first insulating layer and at least one second insulating layer formed partly on the first insulating layer, and the gate electrode has a stepped portion along a surface of the insulating layer and an inclined portion to connect upper and lower end portions of the stepped portion.

Abstract: An “eggbeater” cathode comprising a transparent cathode including a plurality of longitudinally oriented cathode strips anchored at both ends between support discs and forming an open-walled hollow cylindrical structure. A cathode base is disposed substantially coaxially with a longitudinal axis of the transparent cathode and surrounded by the plurality of cathode strips, wherein the support discs secure the cathode strips to the cathode base and result in a cathode that is more robust in harsh operating environments compared with a simple transparent cathode.

Abstract: A multi-layer electrode including a first metal layer including a first binder having a first acid value and a second metal layer arranged on the first metal layer, the second metal layer including a second binder having a second acid value that is smaller than the first acid value, a method of forming the multi-layer electrode and a plasma display panel (PDP) including the multi-layer electrode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electron column including an electron emission source and lenses, and, more particularly, to an electron column having a structure that can facilitate the alignment and assembly of an electron emission source and lenses. The electron column having an electron emission source and a lens unit according to the present invention is characterized in that the lens unit includes two or more lens layers and performs both a source lens function and a focusing function. Furthermore, the electron column is characterized in that the lens unit includes one or more deflector-type lens layers and additionally performs a deflector function.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode having a nano-hollow array on the surface thereof, the nano-hollow array comprising a plurality of nano-pores or nano-balls, each pore having a diameter of less than 500 nm, formed by a process comprising depositing a uniform metal film on the electrode structure surface at a rate of 2 ? per second or less, annealing the metal film under rapid anneal conditions at a temperature within about 100 degrees of the melting point of the metal film and without subjecting the metal film to a temperature ramp-up to create metal droplets, and anodizing and over-anodizing the metal droplets in the presence of an anodization agent for the metal at from 20 to 200 volts at 0.1 to 2 amps to create nano-pores in the metal droplets or nano-balls to, creating increased surface area and increased electric field around the electrode which enhances speed of fill gas ionization.

Abstract: The invention relates to a gas discharge lamp for EUV radiation with an anode (1) and a hollow cathode (2), wherein the hollow cathode (2) has at least two openings (3, 3?) and the anode (1) has a through hole (4), which is characterized in that the longitudinal axes (5, 5?) of the hollow cathode openings (3) have a common point of intersection S lying on the axis of symmetry (6) of the anode opening (4).

Abstract: A high pressure discharge lamp in which the cathode has a cylindrical body part and a conical part which is doped with thorium dioxide (ThO2), and with a diameter which decreases in a direction from the body part toward the tip area of the conical part by at least one light receiving surface area being formed between the body part and the tip area of the cone in a base part of the conical part. The light receiving area lies at an angle with respect to the center axis of the conical part and the body part, said angle which is measured from the side of the body part being greater than the angle of inclination which is formed between the outer periphery of the conical part in the tip area of the cone and the center axis.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes field emission device embodiments. The present disclosure also includes method embodiments for forming field emitting devices. One device embodiment includes a housing defining an interior space including a lower portion and an upper portion, a cathode positioned in the lower portion of the housing, a elongate nanostructure coupled to the cathode, an anode positioned in the upper portion of the housing, and a control grid positioned between the elongate nanostructure and the anode to control electron flow between the anode and the elongate nanostructure.

Abstract: A display panel comprising a substrate, a plurality of first electrodes formed on a surface of the substrate and extending from a first portion of the substrate, and a plurality of second electrodes formed on the surface of the substrate and extending from a second portion of the substrate. The first electrodes and the second electrodes are alternately arranged in rows. The first electrodes include a shorted segment in the first portion of the substrate that couples ends of the first electrodes. The shorted segment includes an electrode formation region and electrode void regions. The electrode void regions are formed in a predetermined pattern in the electrode formation region.

Abstract: An indirectly heated cathode includes a cathode sleeve (2) housing a heater (1), a caplike base (3) attached onto the cathode sleeve (2), and an electron emitter layer (4) formed on a surface of the base (3). The cathode sleeve (2) is made of a metal material that contains nickel and chromium as main components and further contains at least silicon, aluminum, cerium, and lanthanum. According to this construction, the cathode sleeve (2) is kept from heat deformation. Hence a reliable indirectly heated cathode which suppresses variations in cutoff voltage can be realized.

Abstract: An electrode arranged on a device includes a gap that is tapered toward an edge of the device and is formed from an end portion of the electrode to a different end portion thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electrode for a high-intensity discharge lamp, at least consisting of an electrode head (7) and an electrode base (5), wherein at least one region of the electrode base (5) has a lower thermal conductivity than the electrode head (5) and/or at least one element designed for limiting the heat flow in the electrode base is arranged between the electrode head and the electrode base.

Abstract: Disclosed is a transparent carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode using a conductive dispersant. The transparent CNT electrode comprises a transparent substrate and a CNT thin film formed on a surface the transparent substrate wherein the CNT thin film is formed of a CNT composition comprising CNTs and a doped dispersant. Further disclosed is a method for producing the transparent CNT electrode. The transparent CNT electrode exhibits excellent conductive properties, can be produced in an economical and simple manner by a room temperature wet process, and can be applied to flexible displays. The transparent CNT electrode can be used to fabricate a variety of devices, including image sensors, solar cells, liquid crystal displays, organic electroluminescence (EL) displays and touch screen panels, that are required to have both light transmission properties and conductive properties.

Abstract: An array panel is provided. The array panel comprises a substrate, a common electrode, and pixel structures. Each pixel structure comprises a first pixel electrode, a second pixel electrode, and a shield. The first pixel electrode has a central portion, first branches that connect to the central portion, and a connecting portion. The shield overlaps with at least the central portion of the first pixel electrode. The connecting portion connects the ends of at least two of the first branches. The central portion connects perpendicularly with one of the first branches; this branch overlaps with at least part of the common electrode so that the width of this branch is greater than or equal to that of the common electrode. The second pixel electrode, adjacent to the first pixel electrode, comprises a central portion and second branches that connect to the central portion.

Abstract: There is provided a flat electrode for a surface light source, in which a conductive electrode is formed in a fine strip-shaped pattern on a plane. The flat electrode may comprise a base layer, an electrode pattern formed on the base layer, and a protection layer formed on the electrode pattern. There is also provided an ultra thin surface light source device which comprises: a first substrate and a second substrate which are spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval; and a first surface electrode formed on the first substrate, and a second surface electrode formed on the second substrate. The surface light source device may further comprise a medium layer formed in at least one of spaces between the first substrate and the first surface electrode and between the second substrate and the second surface electrode.