Abstract: A method for generating human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) or precursors thereof, compounds obtainable by the method, and uses and compositions involving such compounds. The method comprising the steps of a) providing at least one donor selected from the group of compounds of any of formulae 5 to 10, b) providing at least one acceptor from a group of lactose, LNT, LNnT and derivatives thereof, c) providing at least one enzyme comprising a transglycosidase activity and/or a glycosynthase activity, d) preparing a mixture of the at least one donor, at least one acceptor and at least one enzyme provided in steps a), b) and c); and e) incubating the mixture prepared according to step d).

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel sialo-sugar chain, a process for producing the sialo-sugar chain, and a device for producing the sialo-sugar chain. A sialo-sugar chain can be easily and efficiently mass-produced by reacting a sugar wherein a hydroxy groups is substituted with an alkynyl group (herein sometimes referred to as “alkynylated sugar”) with a specific sialic acid donor in the presence of a sialic acid-introducing enzyme.

Abstract: The invention provides nucleoside and nucleotide molecules containing cleavable linkers linking a label such as a dye. The invention also provides nucleosides and nucleotide molecules containing a blocking group, either removable or non-removable. The invention additionally provides methods of using the nucleoside and nucleotide molecules containing a cleavable linker and/or a blocking group.

Abstract: The present invention provides for monophosphorylated lipid A derivatives and carbohydrate derivatives that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions, including cancers. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of Formula I-IV. In addition, methods for the treatment of cancers are provided.

Abstract: A method for the synthesis of a fucooligosaccharide glycosides by reacting a fucosyl donor with H-A-R1 or a salt thereof, wherein A and R1 are as defined herein, under the catalysis of an enzyme capable of transferring fucose is provided. The fucooligosaccharid glycoside compounds, or derivatives thereof, their use in the manufacture of human milk oligosaccharides, and a method of manufacture of human milk oligosaccharides, are also provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes tetrahydropyran nucleoside analogs, oligomeric compounds prepared therefrom and methods of using the oligomeric compounds. More particularly, tetrahydropyran nucleoside analogs are provided, having one or more chiral substituents, that are useful for enhancing properties of oligomeric compounds including nuclease resistance and binding affinity. In some embodiments, the oligomeric compounds provided herein hybridize to a portion of a target RNA resulting in loss of normal function of the target RNA.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for determining the presence or amount of a hydrolytic enzyme in a sample, based on novel substrates for the enzymes, and also provides compositions and methods that provide highly sensitive assay methods for such hydrolytic enzymes.

Abstract: This invention provides a nucleotide analogue comprising (i) a base selected from the group consisting of adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine and uracil, (ii) a deoxyribose, (iii) an allyl moiety bound to the 3?-oxygen of the deoxyribose and (iv) a fluorophore bound to the base via an allyl linker, and methods of nucleic acid sequencing employing the nucleotide analogue.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of a series of sulphated disaccharides for the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a neurodegenerative and/or neurovascular disease, of a traumatic brain injury or of a traumatic spinal cord injury. The present invention also relates to the use of said sulphated disaccharides for the preparation of a neuroprotective medicament or of an antioxidant medicament. The neurodegenerative and/or neurovascular diseases are preferably: Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and stroke.

Abstract: Methods for treating or preventing cardiomyopathy in a subject by administering an ?1 adrenergic receptor agonist, wherein the treatment does not result in increased blood pressure are provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal compound that can be used as a base for injection formulations. The present invention provides an amphipathic compound having the following general formula (I): wherein X and Y each denotes a hydrogen atom or together denote an oxygen atom, n denotes an integer from 0 to 2, m denotes the integer 1 or 2, and R denotes a hydrophilic group generated by removal of one hydroxyl group from any one selected from the group consisting of glycerol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol, triglycerol, xylose, sorbitol, ascorbic acid, glucose, galactose, mannose, dipentaerythritol, maltose, mannitol, and xylitol; as well as a base for injection formulations and depot formulation comprising the same.

Abstract: Aureolic acid derivatives, process for obtaining them and uses thereof. This invention provides a bacterial strain that produces compound belonging to the family of aureolic acids useful in the treatment of cancer or nervous system diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbohydrate-based surfactants and methods for producing the same. Methods for producing carbohydrate-based surfactants include using a glycosylation promoter to link a carbohydrate or its derivative to a hydrophobic compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a use of a composition in the manufacture of a product for regulating a plurality of genes consisting of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-1, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, xenobiotic metabolism, low-density lipoprotein receptor, apolipoprotein-A1, superoxide dismutase-2, and catalase, characterised in that: the composition comprising acylated steryl glucoside.

Abstract: The present invention provides synthetic Moraxella catarrhalis lipooligosaccharide (LOS)-based oligosaccharides and conjugates containing various M. catarrhalis serotype-specific oligosaccharide antigens or various core M. catarrhalis oligosaccharide structures or motifs corresponding to one or more of the three major serotypes and/or members within a given serotype. The oligosaccharides may be synthesized by a chemical assembly methodology relying on a limited number of monosaccharide and disaccharide building blocks. The invention further provides M. catarrhalis LOS-based immunogenic and immuno-protective compositions and antibodies derived therefrom for diagnosing, treating, and preventing infections caused by M. catarrhalis.

Abstract: The present invention provides modified nucleobase compounds, modified nucleic acid mimetic compounds and various uses thereof. In addition, the invention provides methods for nucleobase characterisation, SNP characterisation and nucleic acid sequencing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal compound that can be used as a base for injection formulations. The present invention provides an amphipathic compound having the following general formula (I): wherein X and Y each denotes a hydrogen atom or together denote an oxygen atom, n denotes an integer from 0 to 2, m denotes the integer 1 or 2, and R denotes a hydrophilic group generated by removal of one hydroxyl group from any one selected from the group consisting of glycerol, erythritol, pentaerythritol, diglycerol, triglycerol, xylose, sorbitol, ascorbic acid, glucose, galactose, mannose, dipentaerythritol, maltose, mannitol, and xylitol; as well as a base for injection formulations and depot formulation comprising the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for chlorinating a carbohydrate or a derivative thereof to produce a polychlorinated carbohydrate or a derivative thereof, such as sucralose, the method involves (i) reacting the carbohydrate or derivative thereof with a chlorinating agent to obtain a reaction mixture comprising said polychlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof and at least one under-chlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof, (ii) returning the at least one under-chlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof to a chlorinating step and further chlorinating the at least one under-chlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof to obtain the desired polychlorinated carbohydrate or derivative thereof; and (iii) optionally repeating steps (i) and (ii) “n” times where n?1. The polychlorinated carbohydrate or a derivative thereof is obtained in high yields.

Abstract: The invention describes novel triterpenoid 2-deoxy glycosides of general formula I, wherein at least one of the substituents X1 and R2 contains a 2-deoxy glycosidic group, method of preparation thereof, their cytotoxic activity and a pharmaceutical formulation containing these compounds.

Abstract: Nucleotide triphosphate probes containing a molecular and/or atomic tag on a a ? and/or ? phosphate group and/or a base moiety having a detectable property are disclosed, and kits and method for using the tagged nucleotides in sequencing reactions and various assay. Also, phosphate and polyphosphate molecular fidelity altering agents are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions, methods and kits for use in the detection of small RNA sequences, which allow for rapid and robust amplification and detection. The methods provide improved sensitivity and efficiency in the amplification-based detection of small RNA sequences by incorporating one or more base-modified duplex-stabilizing dNTPs during reverse transcription and/or amplification.

Abstract: The present invention discloses the utility of factions and compounds from Polygonum chinense Linn in anti-diarrhea. The invention also includes their preparation and application method for anti-diarrhea treatment.

Abstract: Described are oligosaccharides having a protecting group at two, a plurality, a majority of, or each position in the oligosaccharide which is amenable to derivatization. Collections, libraries and methods of making and using such oligosaccharides are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel moenomycin analogs as well as pharmaceutical compositions thereof, methods of synthesis, and methods of use in treating an infection by administering an inventive compound to a subject in need thereof. The moenomycin analogs may be prepared synthetically, biosynthetically, or semi-synthetically. The analogs are particularly useful in treating or preventing infections caused by Gram-positive organisms. Certain inventive compounds may have a broader spectrum of coverage, which includes Gram-negative organisms.

Abstract: The invention provides amphiphilic compounds and methods for manipulating membrane proteins. Compounds of the invention, for example, the compounds of Formulas I-XIX, can be prepared from readily available starting materials. The amphiphilic compounds can manipulate membrane protein at relatively low concentrations compared to many known detergents. The compounds can be used to aid the isolation of membrane proteins, for example, to aid their solubilization and/or purification. The compounds can also be used to aid the functional and structural determination of membrane proteins, including their stabilization and crystallization.

Abstract: A method of controlling or preventing damage to a plant, which comprises applying on the plant or a surrounding area thereof a combination comprising (I) abamectin, and (II) cyflumetofen, in any desired sequence or simultaneously.

Abstract: The present document describes a neutraceutical, cosmeceuticals, functional food, pharmaceutical, food ingredient, and non-food ingredient compositions comprising sugar maple extract, essential oil compositions comprising oil extracted from an Acer tree, sweetening compositions containing sugar extracted from maple tree leaves, food ingredients comprising maple tree extract, cosmetic composition comprising maple tree extracts, infusion compositions prepared from maple tree leaves, maple roots, maple wood, maple stems of leaves and samara, and stems/twigs as well as compounds isolated from sugar maple biomass and the methods of extracting the same.

Abstract: The present invention describes compositions and methods for synthetic analogues and derivatives of ?-glycolipids. These analogues and derivatives may be used for the treatment, amelioration or prevention of a pathological disorder. They may also be used for the modulation of the Th1/Th2 cell balance toward an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory response, resulting in the treatment, amelioration or prevention of immune-related disorders.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the 18-membered macrocyclic antimicrobial agents called Tiacumicins, specifically, OPT-80 (which is composed almost entirely of the R-Tiacumicin B), pharmaceutical compositions comprising OPT-80, and methods using OPT-80. In particular, this compound is a potent drug for the treatment of bacterial infections, specifically C. difficile infections.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for separating anthocyanins depleted in phenolic mixture content from fruits or vegetables feedstock containing anthocyanins and phenolic mixtures. The first step is to contact the feedstock with a cation-exchange resin at low pH for a time period effective for the resin to selectively bind with the anthocyanins. Next, the non-bound phenolic mixture is separated from the resin for recovery. The bound resin is subjected to solvent wash to release the anthocyanins for recovery.

Abstract: Use of chemical ingredients in Cynomorium as phytoestrogen is provided by the present invention. Particularly, use of Cynomorium, extracts of Cynomorium, or at least one ingredient chosen from chrysophanol, emodin, catechin, (?)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate, naringenin-4?-O-glucopyranoside, and phlorizin, in manufacturing medicaments for treating and/or preventing diseases related to insufficient of estrogen secretion in mammal (for example, human), or use in manufacturing medicaments used as phytoestrogens is provided by the present invention. The extracts of Cynomorium, compositions containing extracts of Cynomorium or active ingredients thereof, and methods of treating and/or preventing diseases related to insufficient of estrogen secretion are also provided by the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition derived from the hydrolysate of plant containing crocin or the derivatives thereof. The composition includes a significant amount of crocetin monoester. The present invention also provides a method to hydrolyze crocin existing in a plant extract, and further relates to the use.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel and advantageous materials and methods for preventing and treating viral infection.

Abstract: Methods of using phosphotetrahydropyran compounds for treatment of fibrotic and scarring disorders, e.g. pulmonary fibrosis, fibrosis associated with surgical procedures, wound healing disorders, scar formation, sclerotic disorders, ocular fibrotic disorders, ocular healing disorders, ocular fibrosis after surgery, glaucoma, tendon scarring disorders, joint scarring disorders, kidney interstitial fibrosis and glomerular fibrosis and tubular fibrosis of the kidney.

Abstract: The present invention describes phytochemicals present in maple syrup and maple tree extracts by butanol, ethyl acetate and methanol. Novel compounds are isolated from maple syrups, including one compound Quebecol generated in the maple syrup manufacturing process. Also described are digesting extract of maple syrup. The phytochemicals may be used for the treatment or prevention of cancers, metabolic syndromes, diabetes, microorganism infections and/or antioxidants.

Abstract: A composition including a surfactant and at least one alkyl glycoside and/or saccharide alkyl ester and a drug. The surfactant composition(s) when admixed with a drug is non-toxic and non-irritating, while stabilizing and increasing the bioavailability of the drug. The invention also provides compositions that enhance absorption of drugs via the oral, ocular, nasal, nasolacrimal, inhalation or pulmonary, oral cavity (sublingual or Buccal cell) or CSF delivery route of a patient, including but not limited to insulin, glucagon and exendin-4.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of certain derivatives of D-mannopyranoside for controlling angiogenesis. These compounds have a pro-angiogenic activity, and can particularly be used for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for treating cardiovascular diseases or for treating muscular atrophy. The invention also relates to certain D-mannopyranoside derivatives, to a pharmaceutical or cosmetic composition containing said derivatives, and to the use of such a cosmetic composition for preventing and/or treating hair loss.

Abstract: A compound having Formula (I), nC7—H15—O-(G)p-H, where G is a reducing sugar residue, and p is a decimal number?1.05 and ?5. The method for preparing the compound and its use as a hydrotropic surfactant by making soluble, in an aqueous alkaline composition, at least one non-ionic surfactant having Formula (II), R—(O—CH(R?)—CH2)n—(0-CH2-CH2)m-0-H, where R is a straight, branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical including 8-14 carbon atoms, R? is a methyl or ethyl radical, n and m are whole numbers?0 and ?15, assuming that n+m?0. Cleaning compositions containing 0.5% to 20% of compounds of Formula (I), 0.5% to 80% of compounds of Formula (II), 10-50 wt % of at least one alkaline agent, 15-89 wt % of water, and optionally, 10-50 wt % of at least one anti-limescale agent are useful for cleaning hard surfaces.

Abstract: A method for preparing sucralose with high yield, comprising the following preparation steps: First, negative effects of other impurities on reaction are reduced by first preparing a pure Vilsmeier chlorinating reagent. Second, side reactions are prevented by adding composite catalyst to increase selectivity of chlorination reaction. Third, by extracting less polar impurities using less polar solvent when sucralose-6-ester is undergoing deesterification, products are qualified at the very first time so that refining steps are avoided. Accordingly, product loss is reduced and product yield is increased. By using the present invention to prepare sucralose, product yield could be increased to more than 40%.

Abstract: The invention provides amphiphilic compounds and methods for manipulating membrane proteins. Compounds of the invention, for example, the compounds of Formulas I-XIX, can be prepared from readily available starting materials. The amphiphilic compounds can manipulate membrane protein at relatively low concentrations compared to many known detergents. The compounds can be used to aid the isolation of membrane proteins, for example, to aid their solubilization and/or purification. The compounds can also be used to aid the functional and structural determination of membrane proteins, including their stabilization and crystallization.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein X1 and X2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group; Y represents a C7-20 aralkyl group which may optionally have one or more substituents selected from a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group; and Z represents a halogen atom, a C1-4 alkylthio, or an arylthio group, or its corresponding sulfoxide group.

Abstract: Compounds that function, alone or in combination, as inhibitors of pigmentation for the improvement of mammalian skin are described herein. Specifically, the compounds of the present disclosure, namely chiral, non-racemic compounds, function as pigment formation inhibitors thereof to beautify skin and discourage the production of melanins. One or more products, consumer and otherwise, comprising the chiral, non-racemic compounds are disclosed herein. Methods of employing both the compounds of the present disclosure and the products incorporating the present compounds are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a C-aryl glucoside derivative of Formula (I) below, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof, wherein X, R1, R2, R3, R4, m and n are as defined in specification. The derivative of the present invention is a sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor associated with glucose reabsorption of bowel or kidney, and has a good urine glucose excreting effect, thus being useful as a therapeutic agent for treating diabetes and related diseases.

Abstract: Methods and medicaments therefor are provided for the treatment of cancers of the blood or a complication therewith in an individual. More specifically, the use of particular glycomimetics for the treatment is described. Methods and medicaments therefor are also provided without regard to cancer type for reducing in an individual the myeloablative bone marrow toxicities of chemotherapy.

Abstract: A fluorescent enzymatic substrate including a backbone saccharide nature having at least one saccharide unit. The saccharide unit includes a fluorophore F1 and an inhibitor I1 of the fluorescence of F1. The fluorophore F1 and the inhibitor I1, either directly or by the spacer arms B1 and B2, respectively, when at least one B1 and B2 is present, are grafted on the same saccharide unit of the backbone saccharide. One of th groups is F1 and I1 grafted in the anomeric position 1 of the saccharide unit.

Abstract: The invention relates to iRNA agents, which preferably include a monomer in which the ribose moiety has been replaced by a moiety other than ribose. The inclusion of such a monomer can allow for modulation of a property of the iRNA agent into which it is incorporated, e.g., by using the non-ribose moiety as a point to which a ligand or other entity, e.g., a lipophilic moiety. e.g., cholesterol, is directly, or indirectly, tethered. The invention also relates to methods of making and using such modified iRNA agents.

Abstract: A method of treating an ulcer comprising applying to the ulcer a preparation comprising a water-soluble ?-(1,3) glucan with ?-(1,6) linked side-chains, where the side-chains comprise ?-(1,3) linkages or up to four consecutive ?-(1,6) linkages as active ingredients.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to labeled and unlabled cleavable terminating groups and methods for DNA sequencing and other types of DNA analysis. More particularly, the invention relates in part to nucleotides and nucleosides with chemically cleavable, photocleavable, enzymatically cleavable, or non-photocleavable groups and methods for their use in DNA sequencing and its application in biomedical research.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel synthetic polysaccharides with antithrombotic activity, having at least one covalent bond with an amino chain, and to the preparation method thereof and to the therapeutic use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for dissolving cellulose. The method comprises—introducing cellulosic raw material,—treating the cellulosic raw material in an enzymatic treatment process,—mixing the cellulosic raw material after the enzymatic treatment in an aqueous solution in order to obtain an aqueous intermediate product containing the cellulosic raw material of at least 3.5 wt.-%, alkali metal hydroxide between 3.5 wt.-% and 7 wt.-% and zinc salt,—freezing the intermediate product to a solid state, and—melting the frozen intermediate product. The present invention also relates to a cellulosic product obtained from a solution comprising dissolved cellulose.