Abstract: A proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell includes fuel and oxidant flow field plates (26, 40) having fuel and oxidant channels (27, 28; 41, 44), and water channels, the ends (29, 48) of which that are adjacent to the corresponding reactant gas inlet manifold (34, 42) are dead ended, the other ends (31, 50) draining excess water into the corresponding reactant gas exhaust manifold (36, 45). Flow restrictors (39, 47) maintain reactant gas pressure above exit manifold pressure, and may comprise interdigitated channels (65, 66; 76, 78). Solid reactant gas flow field plates have small holes (85, 88) between reactant gas channels (27, 28; 41) and water drain channels (29, 30; 49, 50). In one embodiment, the fuel cells of a stack may be separated by either coolant plates (51) or solid plates (55) or both.

Abstract: Installation (1) for VOC-recovering and shielding gas protection of tanks (2) and connected devices on board a tanker, said installation comprising a first installation section (3) that normally is in operation for shielding gas protection and VOC-recovering and a second installation section (4) based on use of the inert gas (IG), which in substance is gaseous combustion product from the tanker's boilers/turbines and motors or gas from an inert gas generator, which second installation section functions as a back-up installation that normally is not in operation except for freeing the tanks (2) from gas.

Abstract: A method and composition for the removal of contaminants in a gas stream used in the contamination sensitive processes of photolithography and metrology are described. The synergistic effect of a combination of an electropositive metal component, a high silica zeolite, and a late transition metal compound effects removal or reduction of the contaminates in the gas which interfere with light transmittance to the ppb or ppt levels necessary for the gas to be suitable for these uses. The removal of neutral polar molecules, neutral polar aprotic molecules, protic and aprotic alkaline molecules, acidic polar species, and neutral non-polar aprotic molecules is accomplished with the claimed composition. Depending on the type of contaminant, the composition components are each varied from 10 to 80 parts by volume, with the total composition limited to 100 parts by volume.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for utilizing recirculated exhaust gas in semiconductor manufacturing system, in a manner substantially reducing the effluent burden on the exhaust treatment system and infrastructure of the semiconductor process facility.

Abstract: The capsule and method for its filling concern to engineering of storage of gases and may be used in medicine, in household chemistry, in fire engineering, in perfumery, as a source of gas for inflatables etc. The invention will allow to simplify and speed up processes of creation of superfluous pressure in aerosol and others inflatable products to raise safety of their operation. The capsule for storage of gas contains the gas proof body, inside which the sorbent material particles for gas sorbing are placed, and which is provided by the outlet sealed channel. According to the invention the body contains the sorbent free space, which volume is sufficient to place the preset amount of the gas to be sorbed in the solid phase, and is so made, that the gas to be sorbed can be brought into the body in the solid phase.

Abstract: A channelized sorbent material comprises porous sorbent particles characterized by an average pore diameter. Each sorbent particle has at least one interior channel of an average transverse dimension (i.e. transverse diameter) that is at least ten times larger than the average pore diameter of the porous sorbent particle. The interior channel may constitute a single cylindrical through-bore in the sorbent particle, or alternatively, an array of intersecting or non-intersecting channels. The porous sorbent particles preferably comprise bead activated carbon particles. Such channelized sorbent material is particular useful as sorbent media in an adsorption-desorption apparatus for storage and dispensing of a sorbable fluid.

Abstract: A filter includes at least two different adsorptive media. First, chemisorptive media, which is porous and includes an acidic functional group, is used to remove molecular bases, including ammonia, organic amines, imides and aminoalcohols, from the atmosphere used in semiconductor fabrication and other processes that require uncontaminated gaseous environments of high quality. Second, physisorptive media is able to adsorb condensable contaminants, particularly those having a boiling point greater than 150 degrees C. The physisorptive media can include untreated, activated carbon.

Abstract: A fluid purifying apparatus that includes a manifold that includes a first branch and a second branch, a first check valve coupled to the first branch of the manifold, and a purifier unit that includes a first end and a second end, wherein the first end is coupled to the second branch of the manifold. Also, a fluid purifying apparatus that includes a vessel that includes a first interior compartment for containing a purifier material and a second interior compartment for containment of a fluid containing impurities, wherein the first interior compartment is separated from the second interior compartment by a fluid permeable support, and a rupturable seal.

Abstract: An air purifier discharges air directly to a room without forcing the air to pass through a HEPA filter when the level of contaminations in the air, such as dust particles, is determined to be sufficiently low. The air purifier thus minimizes air pressure loss and attenuates operational noise caused by the HEPA filter, through which air passes. In an aspect, the air purifier includes a main body defining an air passage therein to allow sucked air to pass therethrough prior to being discharged, and a first filter installed in the main body to be switched between a dosed state and an open state. The first filter removes contaminants from the sucked air in the dosed state, and allows the sucked air to pass smoothly through the air passage in the open state.

Abstract: The present invention provides a combination filter for filtering fluids comprising a flow channel particulate filtration media having a first face and a second face and a gas adsorbing filtration media. The flow channel particulate filtration media comprises a plurality of flow channels directed in flow direction and defined by inner surfaces. The flow channels having inlet openings through the first face and outlet openings through the second face of the flow channel particulate filtration media. The inner surfaces of said flow channels at least in part are provided with structures protruding therefrom and forming or extending into the flow channels or an electrical charge or a combination of both. The said gas adsorbing filtration media comprises a pad having a first face and a second face and width and length dimensions orthogonal with respect to each other and each individually to the flow direction and having a thickness dimension in flow direction.

Abstract: A method and a device for filtering polluted air, in which the air is successively subjected to the processes of extracting grease/fat and water, drying air still containing residual humidity, and adsorbing smells/odors. The filter device includes, in a direction of flow a Foucault current filter, layers of expanded metal, a filter for drying the air, and an odor filter, all in a filter housing. The filter for drying the air and the odor filter are, preferably, combined in a filter cassette that is disposed on the filter housing such that it can be changed/replaced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fluid storage and delivery system utilizing a porous metal matrix that comprises at least one Group VIII metal or Group IB metal therein. In one aspect of the invention, such porous metal matrix forms a solid-phase metal adsorbent medium, characterized by an average pore diameter of from about 0.5 nm to about 2.0 nm and a porosity of from about 10% to about 30%. Such solid-phase metal adsorbent medium is particularly useful for sorptively storing and desoprotively dispensing a low vapor pressure fluid, e.g., ClF3, HF, GeF4, Br2, etc. In another aspect of the invention, such porous metal matrix forms a solid-phase metal sorbent, characterized by an average pore diameter of from about 0.25 &mgr;m to about 500 &mgr;m and a porosity of from about 15% to about 95%, which can effectively immobilize low vapor pressure liquefied gas and prevent the same from entering the fluid regulator as described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,089,027.

Abstract: The present invention provides a gas purification system with improved efficiency, simpler construction, cost reduction, form factor improvements, and increased durability. The present invention provides cost and form factor improvements through fewer components overall and through utilizing multiple integrated components. Prior art gas purification system are more bulky and complicated. The present invention achieves increased thermal efficiency through utilization of a regenerative heat exchanger to recapture a portion of the heat energy transferred to the gas during the purification process. Prior art purifiers lacked a regenerative heat exchanger. The present invention integrates the two components into one integrated heater and purification vessel assembly. The present invention integrates the two discrete components into one integrated hydrogen sorption and particle filter assembly. The integrated hydrogen sorption and particle filter assembly is also capable of operating at higher temperatures.

Abstract: A manifold assembly including a unitary manifold body including at least two component ports and an integral channel system connecting the component ports in series, and at least two fluid-treating components directly connected to the component ports in a substantially gas-tight manner. The fluid-treating components can include at least one of a coalescer, an adsorber, an absorber, a strainer, and a filter. At least one of the component ports includes an inner port section and an outer port section, the outer port section including a flow distributor arranged around and concentric to the inner port section.

Abstract: A filter assembly includes a shaped adsorbent article disposed in a housing. The shaped adsorbent article has one or more projections extending from a surface of the article toward the housing to provide for flow of fluid between the shaped adsorbent article and the housing. The filter assembly may optionally include a diffusion channel for additional filtering and/or one or more porous polymer films disposed over inlet or outlet openings in the housing to reduce or prevent particulate contamination. The filter assembly may be used in a device, such as a computer disk drive, to filter a fluid, such as air, within and/or entering or exiting the device.

Abstract: A gas removal filter has an ion exchanger for adsorbing a gas and at least a pair of electric resistance measuring electrodes disposed on the ion exchanger. By measuring a change in the electric resistance between at least the pair of electric resistance measuring electrodes disposed on the ion exchanger, it is possible to estimate an ion exchange group consumption ratio of the ion exchanger. The ion exchange group consumption ratio of the ion exchanger can be detected in a short period of time, and a remaining adsorption capability of the ion exchanger can be known with ease.

Abstract: An air cleaner assembly includes an adsorber member disposed in a fluid passageway of the air cleaner assembly for eliminating pollutants from being discharged into the atmosphere contained within the air cleaner assembly. The adsorber member comprises a support and a silicate pollutant treating material free from zeolite disposed onto a surface of the support.

Abstract: This invention relates to filterable composite adsorbents comprising one or more adsorbent components and one or more filtration components, and methods for preparing and using same. More particularly, this invention pertains to filterable composite adsorbents and filterable composite adsorbent products which are suitable for use in filtration applications, and which comprise one or more microparticulate or colloidal adsorbent components selected from the group consisting of silica gel, fumed silica, neutral clay, alkaline clay, zeolite, solid catalyst, alumina, adsorbent polymer, alkaline earth silicate hydrate, and combinations thereof, which bear the property of adsorption, which are intimately bound to one or more functional filtration components selected from the group consisting of biogenic silica (e.g., diatomite, rice hull ash, sponge spicules), natural glass (e.g.

Abstract: A method of removing trace contaminants, such as mercury, from a flue gas by passing the gas over a sorbent structure on which is coated a renewable layer of sorbent. The sorbent structure can be a tube or plate and can be porous or non-porous and is placed inside a duct through which the flue gas flows. The sorbent particles comprise noble metal or activated carbon particles and can be injected into the gas stream before it passes over the sorbent structures. The sorbent structures can be periodically recoated with sorbent while the gas is still flowing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to zeolites having the crystal structure of chabazite (CHA) and having small crystallite size, to processes using the small crystallite CHA as a catalyst, and to gas separation processes using the small crystallite CHA.

Abstract: A molecular sieve apparatus and magnetic/adsorbent material composition facilitate molecular adsorption and separation using a magnetic field to hold, move, cool, and/or heat an adsorbent 1 that is bonded to magnetic materials 3 that are moveable by a magnetic field. An adsorbent 1 is bonded to a soft magnetic material 3 with a binder 2 into a powder composite material adsorbent attractable by a magnetic field (magnetoadsorbent 4). Magnetoadsorbent 4 functions to adsorb and desorb working substances, causing a molecular separation; thereby increasing the efficiency of the adsorption cycle by moving the adsorbent 1 to a location that optimally processes the adsorbent 1. Magnetic field manipulation of adsorbents 1 enables delivery of molecules to locations within systems. Magnetoadsorbents 4 of the present invention further increase the efficiency of the adsorption cycle by combining materials with functions including: catalyst, buoyancy, suspension, magnetic heating, and sinking in liquid.

Abstract: Modification, neutralization and/or decontamination of airborne biological and/or chemical contaminants from a breathable atmosphere by subjecting the breathable atmosphere to a filter which is formed from a plurality of polymeric multilobal fibers. These fibers include a central core with T-shaped lobes projecting therefrom, wherein each T-shaped lobe has a leg and a cap. The lobes define a longitudinally extending internal cavity between two adjacent legs that extends the entire length of the fiber. The filter is impregnated with a biological and/or chemical decontamination reagent for chemically modifying, neutralizing and/or decontaminating airborne biological and/or chemical contaminants from a breathable atmosphere. A filter projection preferably extends into an external reservoir containing a supply of biological and/or chemical decontamination reagent. This configuration increases the capacity and efficiency of the filter, and causes a lower pressure differential across the filter.

Abstract: Described are filters containing free-activated carbon fibers or activated carbon fibers in the form of a composite used for filtering a variety of contaminants, including pathogens, from air. These filters can provide effective and efficient removal of contaminants from air, requiring only short contact time between the air being filtered and the filter itself, with only a minimum pressure drop across the filter. The characteristics of these filters allow for effective filtration with only thin filter layers being required. The process of filtering air utilizing these filters is also disclosed.

Abstract: A hydrogen storage medium is provided, where the medium is comprised of boron oxide and closely related compounds such as orthoboric acid, metaboric acid, hydrated boric acid, and disodium borohydrate. The medium is substantially an amorphous glassy network, albeit with local regions of order, pores, and networks that provide surface area. Hydrogen is adsorbed by the medium with a heat of adsorption of about 9 kJ/mol to about 13 kJ/mol, a value which is higher than that of the heat of adsorption of hydrogen on carbon. The value for the heat of adsorption of hydrogen on the inventive storage medium is provided by computation, and corroborated by experimental observation. The higher heat of adsorption of the medium provides for operation at temperatures higher temperatures higher than those provided by carbon.

Abstract: A pressure equalization apparatus for decreasing or eliminating the pressure differential between the internal pressure within a sealed system and the external ambient air pressure while concurrently sustaining a dry atmosphere inside the enclosure. The apparatus includes a variable volume chamber coupled in fluid communication with the sealed system and adapted to change its volume as in relation to the pressurization of the sealed system. Gas flowing between the sealed system and the variable volume chamber, as the pressurization changes, is exposed to an adsorbent operative for dehumidifying the exchanged gas.

Abstract: An air cleaner assembly for an internal combustion engine and process for eliminating fuel emissions from passing into the atmosphere. The air cleaner assembly includes a housing including a filter element situated therein, an outlet for allowing filtered air to flow to the engine, and an inlet conduit extending from the housing for permitting the entry of air into the housing. A retainer is coupled to the inlet conduit. The retainer includes an adsorber member.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a method for regenerating inorganic porous particles, a method for purifying water and a continuous water purification device, which can be easily applied as a recycling system of water in special environments such as space environment, by safely removing impurities contained in water and water vapor with a usage of a compact facility without using any chemicals. The method for regenerating inorganic porous particles is characterized in that adsorbed products such as ammonia and/or amines, are reduced by heating to 100-200° C. under a reduced pressure of 10 Pa or less. The method for purifying water and the continuous water purification device are characterized in that a dense membrane having cationic groups and/or a composite membrane in which a hydrophilic membrane is layered on a surface of a hydrophobic porous membrane is used as a permeable membrane are used as a permeable membrane.

Abstract: A capacity increase and/or pressure decrease of gas in a gas storage and dispensing vessel is achieved by use of a physical adsorbent having sorptive affinity for the gas. Such approach enables conventional high pressure gas cylinders to be redeployed with contained sorbent, to achieve substantial enhancement of safety and capacity.

Abstract: A method for separating undesired particles from a gaseous medium in which the particles are dispersed. The particles and gaseous medium are passed through a fluid-pervious filtration media which has been infused with an absorbtion composition comprising a homogeneous thermal reaction product of an oil component selected from the group consisting of glycerides, fatty acids, alkenes, and alkynes, and a methacrylate or acrylate polymer component. The particles are thereby immobilized at the media. The purified gaseous medium having passed through the filtration media is collected and flowed to a utilization or discharge point.

Abstract: An adsorbent article having a base body or matrix onto which is applied an adsorptive coating. The body or matrix can be a honeycomb matrix or structure having a plurality of cells defining a plurality of passages extending through the body. The adsorptive coating comprises an adsorptive media, such as activated carbon or ion exchange resin, that is bound by a polymeric adhesive or resin. The adsorbent article has a minimal pressure loss therethrough.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a vessel and a radial adsorption bed within the vessel and either an axial adsorption bed for a storage tank within the inner diameter of the radial adsorption bed. In one example, the radial adsorption bed surrounds an axial adsorption bed. A process that can be conducted in the vessel includes directing a gas mixture across the radial adsorption bed, thereby causing adsorption of at least a portion of a gas component present in the gas mixture and producing partially purified product. The partially purified gas is directed through the axial adsorption bed, thereby causing further purification of the partially purified gas and producing product gas. In another example, the radial adsorption bed surrounds a storage tank. The storage tank can be employed to store a gas generated or used in a separation process conducted in the radial adsorption bed. For instance, the storage tank can be employed to store product gas or void gas generated in a vacuum/pressure swing adsorption process.

Abstract: A method for cleaning and conditioning air in which the air is first passed through or along water in a reservoir, then passed through a layer of soil to clean and condition the air, and then passed through a layer of a germ-reducing material.

Abstract: An air filter assembly for removing particulate contaminants, chemical contaminants, or both, from an incoming dirty air stream. The resulting filtered or clean air is supplied to catalytic equipment, such as a fuel cell. The filter assembly can include a physical filter portion for removing physical or particulate contaminants, a chemical filter portion for removing chemical contaminants, or can have both portions.

Abstract: Modification, neutralization and/or decontamination of airborne biological and/or chemical contaminants from a breathable atmosphere by subjecting the breathable atmosphere to a filter which is formed from a plurality of polymeric multilobal fibers. These fibers include a central core with T-shaped lobes projecting therefrom, wherein each T-shaped lobe has a leg and a cap. The lobes define a longitudinally extending internal cavity between two adjacent legs that extends the entire length of the fiber. The filter is impregnated with a biological and/or chemical decontamination reagent for chemically modifying, neutralizing and/or decontaminating airborne biological and/or chemical contaminants from a breathable atmosphere. A filter projection preferably extends into an external reservoir containing a supply of biological and/or chemical decontamination reagent. This configuration increases the capacity and efficiency of the filter, and causes a lower pressure differential across the filter.

Abstract: A fluid storage and purification system which comprises a cylindrical vessel having an exterior and an interior containing a fluid, the vessel having a first end and a second end, wherein the first end has a cylindrical neck, and wherein the inside diameter of the cylindrical neck is smaller than the inside diameter of the vessel; a helical purifier tube assembly which is disposed in the interior of the vessel, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the helical purifier tube assembly is larger than the inside diameter of the cylindrical neck, wherein the tube has a first end and a second end, and wherein the first end is in fluid flow communication with the interior of the vessel; and a valve comprising a body, an inlet, and an outlet. The valve body can be sealably connected to and disconnected from the cylindrical neck and the second end of the helical purifier tube assembly can be connected to the inlet of the valve.

Abstract: A method for producing high capacity gas-storage microporous sorbents involves precursor carbonization under relatively severe heat-treatment conditions, normally followed by activation using a cyclic chemisorption-desorption process.

Abstract: The raw syngas generated in a partial oxidation gasifier also includes carbon soot which is removed and recovered from the syngas by scrubbing with water. The scrubbing water contains one or more high temperature surfactants which allow greater soot concentrations in the water-scrubbing quench zone of the gasifier. The carbon soot is separated from the scrubbing water with the aid of a scrubbing oil. The separation of the carbon soot from the scrubbing water is enhanced with the aid of one or more surfactants that render the soot particles hydrophobic and oleophilic. The recovered carbon soot is ultimately recycled to the gasifier to recover the energy value of the carbon during the partial oxidation reaction. The overall energy efficiency of the gasification process can be increased by removing all or a significant portion of the water from the soot mixture before recycling the soot.

Abstract: A hydrogen peroxide vapor generation unit (10) receives hydrogen peroxide and water solution at an interface (20) and interconnects with an air dryer (14) by way of nipples (72, 92). In one embodiment, the dryer includes a clamping assembly (42) which is latched (74, 94) with the nipples and which receives a disposable desiccant cartridge (40). In an alternate embodiment, a reusable desiccant cartridge (40′) is connected directly to the nipples (72, 92). When the desiccant cartridge (40′) is saturated, it is removed and placed in a regenerator unit (120). A regenerated cartridge is installed in its place.

Abstract: An adsorption bed arrangement includes a plurality of adsorption elements, a housing, and a gasket member. Each of the adsorption elements has a first adsorptive media and a second adsorptive media contained within a respective element. The first and second adsorptive medias remove different contaminants from the incoming air stream. For example, the first adsorptive media removes acidic contaminants and the second adsorptive media removes basic contaminants. Each of the adsorption elements is selectively openable to provide access to the adsorptive medias. The housing defines an interior, a plurality of inlet openings, and a plurality of outlet openings. The adsorption elements are positioned within the housing interior and the housing is selectively openable to provide access to the adsorption elements. The gasket member is between the housing and the adsorption elements.

Abstract: A passive air sampler is designed to facilitate emptying granular or particulate adsorbent from it directly into a thermal desorption tube or other vessel for use in an analytical instrument. The preferred form has an adsorbent container in a conical or funnel-like shape.

Abstract: An adsorbent of free of the dust emission derived from an adsorbing material is provided. The surface of the adsorbing material such as activated carbon is coated by a porous coating layer of a polymer material. The porous coating layer is formed by spraying and applying a suspension or a solution containing the polymer material over the adsorbing material, or by immersing the adsorbing material into the suspension or the solution. The polymer material may preferably be fluororesins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyester resins, polystyrene resins, polyolefin resins, polycarbonate resins, polysulfone resins, acrylic resins, cellulose resins, vinyl chloride resins, polyacetal resins, and polyurethane resins. The adsorbent can be employed for indoor ambient air cleaning members, methods for cleaning air, air cleaning devices, dehumidifying materials for inner gas of dual-glass window, drying agents for organic solvents, adsorbents for hard disk drives and freshness keeping member.

Abstract: System for restraining the upward motion of granular material in a vessel containing a bed of the granular material through which a fluid flows in an upward direction. The system comprises flexible porous basket within the vessel in contact with the top of the bed of granular material and in contact with the inner walls of the vessel above the bed of granular material, wherein the porous basket has openings which are smaller than the smallest particles of the granular material such that granular material does not pass through the openings. The system also includes a layer of solid bodies located within the flexible porous basket wherein the solid bodies press the flexible porous basket against the top of the bed of granular material and against the inner walls of the cylindrical vessel above the bed of granular material.

Abstract: Process for purifying or separating a gas or gas mixture using a monolithic adsorbent for the separation or purification of gases or gas mixtures, having a cellular structure with open porosity in the form of a solid foam permeable to the gas molecules. The gas phase of the adsorbent possesses an essentially convex structure and the solid phase an essentially concave structure. The solid foam has a density of greater than or equal to 500 kg/m3 and an open porosity of between 20 and 60%. The gas is air or an H2/CO mixture. The process is of the VSA, PSA or TSA type. This process can be used in particular in OBOGS-type systems to supply passengers of the vehicle or a device participating in the traction of the vehicle and/or in its electrical supply, in particular a fuel cell. This process can also be used in medical oxygen concentrators.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a microbiological interception enhanced filter medium comprising a microporous structure having a mean flow path of less than about 2 microns and made of an array of active particles. At least a portion of the surface of microporous structure has formed thereon a microbiological interception enhancing agent comprising a cationic material in combination with a biologically active metal. A microbiological interception enhanced filter medium of the present invention provides greater than about 4 log viral interception, and greater than about 6 log bacterial interception.

Abstract: The capsule and method for its filling concern to engineering of storage of gases and may be used in medicine, in household chemistry, in fire engineering, in perfumery, as a source of gas for inflatables etc. The invention will allow to simplify and speed up processes of creation of superfluous pressure in aerosol and others inflatable products to raise safety of their operation. The capsule for storage of gas contains the gastight case inside which particles of a sorbent for sorpting gas are placed, is supplied with the release tightened channel. According to the invention the case contains a free cavity from a sorbent which volume is sufficient for accommodation of the given quantity of sorpting gas in a firm phase, and is executed with an opportunity of introduction inside of the case sorpting gas in a firm phase.

Abstract: An improved method for preparing monolith adsorbents and activating the adsorbents therein is disclosed. A mixture of lower temperature and higher temperature binders is used in fabricating the paper used to form the monolith structure. The finished monolith structure is heated to a temperature sufficient to remove the lower temperature binder while leaving the higher temperature binder to maintain integrity in the monolith.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for treating an exhaust gas emanating from a vehicle engine or a plant's chimney. This device has a housing having a treatment chamber defined therein, an inlet port for receiving an exhaust gas to be treated, and an outlet port for releasing a treated gas. The gas is allowed to flow in the treatment chamber from the inlet port to the outlet port defining a flowing direction. The device further has treating elements in the treatment chamber which are layers of rocks of granite alternating with layers of rocks of charcoal. The layers extend substantially in perpendicular to the flowing direction of the gas.

Abstract: A fluid storage and dispensing system including a vessel containing a low heel carbon sorbent having fluid adsorbed thereon, with the system arranged to effect desorption of the fluid from the sorbent for dispensing of fluid on demand. The low heel carbon sorbent preferably is characterized by at least one of the following characteristics: (i) Heel, measured for gaseous arsine (AsH3) at 20° C. at 20 Torr, of not more than 50 grams AsH3 per liter of bed of the sorbent material; (ii) Heel, measured for gaseous boron trifluoride (BF3) at 20° C at 20 Torr, of not more than 20 grams boron trifluoride per liter of bed of the sorbent material; (iii) Heel, measured for gaseous germanium tetrafluoride (GeF4) at 20° C. at 20 Torr, of not more than 250 grams AsH3 per liter of bed of the sorbent material; (iv) Heel, measured for gaseous arsenic pentafluoride (AsF5) at 20° C.

Abstract: Regenerable gas purifier materials are provided capable of reducing the level of contaminants such as oxygen and moisture in a hydride gas stream to parts-per-billion levels or sub-parts-per-billion levels. The purifier materials of this invention comprise a thin layer of one or more reduced forms of a metal oxide coated on the surface of a nonreactive substrate. The thin layer may further contain the completely reduced form of the metal. In one embodiment, the total surface area of the thin layer is less than 100 m2/g.

Abstract: Regenerable gas purifier materials are provided capable of reducing the level of contaminants such as oxygen and water in an inert, nonreactive or reactive gas stream to parts-per-billion levels or sub-parts-per-billion levels. The purifier materials of this invention comprise a thin layer of one or more reduced forms of a metal oxide coated on the surface of a nonreactive substrate. The thin layer may further contain the completely reduced form of the metal.