Abstract: A method of separating a target component from a chemical mixture comprising contacting a chemical mixture with a microporous coordination polymer. The microporous polymer is described by the formula: [M2(C8H2O6)] where M is a transition metal, rare earth metal, or other element from the groups consisting of HA through VB.

Abstract: A new lithium material with high surface area, a method of its production, and a process of using the given material in purification of hydrogen or inert gases stream from active impurities. The material is manufactured in a form of granules of 0.2-2.5 mm in diameter with the structure of a dendritic carcass and is characterized with high sorption capacity and resistance to chemical shocks.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide storage system includes a container and a conduit attached to the container for introducing or removing a carbon dioxide-containing composition from the container. A carbon dioxide storage material is positioned within the container. The carbon dioxide-storage material includes a metal-organic framework, which has a sufficient surface area to store at least 10 carbon dioxide molecules per formula unit of the metal-organic framework at a temperature of about 25° C.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing purifying vaporizable contaminants such as mercury from a particulate material. Particulate material is first contacted with heated gases to vaporize the contaminants and entrain the material in the gases. The gases are directed to a first dust collector to remove the entrained particulates, after which a sorbent or chemical reagent is injected in the gases to interact with the contaminants and form a contaminant containing product that is entrained in the gases. The product is then separated from the gases in a second collector.

Abstract: A method of desorbing a volatile component from a spent adsorbent is disclosed, which includes flowing a stream of supercritical carbon dioxide through a rotating packed bed of the spent adsorbent; and collecting an effluent from the rotating packed bed, which contains supercritical carbon dioxide and the volatile component entrained therein. In one embodiment of the present invention a spent activated carbon from a process for recovering 2,2,3,3-tetrafluro-1-propanol from a gas stream containing 2,2,3,3-tetrafluro-1-propanol is regenerated by flowing a stream of supercritical carbon dioxide through a rotating packed bed of the spent activated carbon.

Abstract: Cartridge for the treatment of a gas by reaction with a reactive substance, comprising a cohesive assembly of alveolate cells that are at least partly filled with the reactive substance, the alveolate cells possessing one part of their wall which is permeable to the gas and impermeable to the reactive substance, said wall part being intended to be in contact with the gas.

Abstract: A novel regenerable composition for removing hydrogen chloride and hydrogen sulfide from a gas stream, the sorbent comprising a mixture containing from about 5 wt % manganese oxide to about 99 wt. % manganese oxides where manganese can exist in various oxidation states.

Abstract: A pressure swing adsorption cycle designed to reduce the variations in ozone concentration, and produce a higher average ozone concentration, in a product gas stream throughout the cycle. The cycle includes a relatively long air sweep stage and provides for the overlapping of the air sweep stage in two adsorber vessels. Effluent from an adsorber vessel in a feed rinse stage is routed to another adsorber vessel that is in an air sweep stage.

Abstract: A sorbent system includes a porous polymer support and a sorbent within the porous polymer support. For example, the sorbent includes a tertiary amine, such as triethanolamine.

Abstract: Disclosed are tetratopic carboxylic acid phenyl for use in metal-organic framework compounds. These compounds are useful in catalysis, gas storage, sensing, biological imaging, drug delivery and gas adsorption separation.

Abstract: A combined air-supplying/air-purifying breathing system that includes a self-contained breathing apparatus, a facepiece for delivering breathable air from the self-contained breathing apparatus to a user, and a powered air-purifying respirator having at least one filter and a blower and having an output connected by a hose assembly to the facepiece. A control interface operationally connects the self-contained breathing apparatus to the powered air-purifying respirator. The self-contained breathing apparatus includes a pressure vessel, a cylinder valve assembly and a pressure reducer, all carried by a back frame, and the powered air-purifying respirator is adapted to be mounted on, and carried by, the back frame, by coupling the back frame and the respirator together at respective attachment points.

Abstract: The invention relates to a matlike foam material stock which is suitable more particularly for purposes of air purification and/or air filtration and can be used preferably for installation in ceilings and ceiling systems, walls and wall systems, air-conditioning devices, ventilation shafts, as building material or the like. The matlike foam material stock comprises a gas-permeable, more particularly air-permeable, matlike three-dimensional support, the support being formed as an open-cell or open-pore foam, more particularly foam material, and an odorant- and/or noxiant-sorbing material being taken up or provided in the support, the odorant- and/or noxiant-sorbing material being designed as an odorant- and/or noxiant-sorbing, more particularly odorant- and/or noxiant-adsorbing, sorbent based on discrete sorptive particles, the sorptive particles being fixed on the support, more particularly on the walls of the cells or pores of the foam, more particularly foam material.

Abstract: Methods and systems of purifying an acetylene process gas are described. The methods may include the steps of providing an acetylene vessel containing source acetylene mixed with a solvent impurity, and flowing the source acetylene through a purification container that holds a cooled purifying medium, where at least a portion of the solvent impurity in the source acetylene separates as a liquid impurity on the purifying medium. The method may also include removing the liquid from the purification container and flowing a purified acetylene gas from the purification container. The purified acetylene gas has a concentration of the solvent impurity of about 5 vol. % or less, and the separated liquid impurity is removed without interrupting the flow of the acetylene while the purified acetylene gas flows from the purification container to keep the concentration of the solvent impurity substantially constant in the purified acetylene gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous metal organic framework comprising an at least bidentate organic compound coordinated to at least one metal ion, where the at least one metal ion is AlIII and the at least bidentate organic compound is an at least monoamino-substituted aromatic dicarboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and derivatives thereof in which at least one CH group in the ring has been replaced by nitrogen, wherein the framework in powder form has a specific surface area determined by the Langmuir method (N2, 77 K) of at least 2500 m2/g. In addition, the invention relates to shaped bodies comprising these materials, their preparation and their use for the storage and separation of gases.

Abstract: A method of producing a material including agglomerated particles of precipitated silica, including preparing a solution of at least two metal salts (Me), wherein the metal ions are divalent or polyvalent. A solution of alkali metal (M) silicate having a molar ratio SiO2/M2O of 1-4 is prepared. The solutions are mixed and the mixture stirred, allowing a coagulum to immediately form. The coagulum is rinsed, collected, dewatered, impregnated and processed to provide a material having a dry matter content of >75%, preferably >97%. A material obtainable by the process is also provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in the treatment of contaminated fluid is provided. The apparatus includes an outer element into which contaminated fluid flows and an inner element positioned in substantial axial alignment within the outer element and in spaced relations thereto. The apparatus also includes, between its ends, a pathway defined by an interior surface of the inner element and along which treated fluid may be directed out from the apparatus. A waste nanoadsorbent material can be provided between the outer element and the inner element, for use in removing contaminants within the fluid flowing through the apparatus. A method for the treatment of contaminated fluid is also provided.

Abstract: Novel metal organic framework (MOF) molecules and methods of synthesizing them are described. MOFs are organometallic crystalline structures that have high sorption capacity due to high surface area, tailorable selectivity, an inert nature, and thermal stability at high temperatures. MOFs may be used as sorbents in preconcentrators for analytical devices to provide orders of magnitude of improved sensitivity in analyte detection. MOFs are also useful as sorbents in new compact and portable micropreconcentrator designs such as a modified purge and trap system and a multi-valve microelectromechanical system (MEMS) to achieve high gain in analyte detection. Further, MOFs may be used as coatings for novel microstructure arrays in micropreconcentrators where the microstructures are designed to increase the surface area to volume ratio inside the micropreconcentrator while minimizing the pressure drop across the micropreconcentrator.

Abstract: The disclosure relates generally to a gas-separation system for separating one or more components from a multi-component gas using Zeolitic imidazolate or imidazolate-derived framework.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of expensive and highly selective adsorbents and catalysts for trace contaminant gas removal to generate products of high and ultra-high purity. Mixing such highly selective materials with other less expensive, less selective materials results in the ability to achieve higher purity, higher capacity and/or lower cost without adding additional expensive selective material.

Abstract: The method enables control over carbon pore structure to provide sorbents that are particularly advantageous for the adsorption of specific gases. It involves preparation of a sorbent precursor material, carbonization of the precursor material, and, usually, activation of the carbonized material. The resultant material is subjected to heat treatment and/or to surface conditioning by a reducing gas at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: High rate and high crush-strength adsorbent particles and collections of such particles, and particularly LiLSX particles, are provided. A binder is employed in the form of a colloidal solution during the method of manufacture. Suitable binders include various silica binders. The particles are made using the steps of mixing, agglomeration, calcination and in the case of certain adsorbents such as LiX and LiLSX, ion exchange and activation. When the adsorption rate is expressed in the form SCRR/?p (mmol mm2/g s), desirable collections of adsorbent particles can have values of at least 4.0 for the highly-exchanged Li (at least 90% Li exchanged) form of the collection of particles and can further be characterized by particles having average crush strengths of at least 0.9 lbf for particles having an average diameter of at least about 1.0 mm.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing or eliminating undesirable air-borne substances, such as odors, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins, are provided. A filter containing nanocrystalline metal oxide or metal hydroxide particles may be installed within an air handling apparatus such as an existing HVAC unit located within a building, and particularly within a home, or a portable air processor or purifier. The air handling apparatus comprises a blower which pulls air containing various undesirable substances from within the enclosed environment and directs it through a filtering device containing the nanocrystalline particles. The undesirable substances are sorbed by the nanocrystalline particles thereby creating a deodorized stream of air that may then be directed back into various portions of the enclosed environment or vented to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A method for operating a fluidized-bed reactor includes introducing an alkali-containing material into a fluidized-bed reactor and introducing hydrous clay into the fluidized-bed reactor, the hydrous clay having a moisture content of at least about 5% by weight. The method further includes heating at least a portion of the alkali-containing material and hydrous clay, such that at least a portion of the hydrous clay is at least partially calcined and the at least partially calcined clay adsorbs at least a portion of alkali present in the fluidized-bed reactor. The method further includes removing at least a portion of the at least partially calcined clay and adsorbed alkali from the fluidized-bed reactor.

Abstract: A differential absorption spectrum for a reactive gas in a gas mixture can be generated for sample absorption data by subtracting background absorption data set from the sample absorption data. The background absorption data can be characteristic of absorption characteristics of the background composition in a laser light scan range that includes a target wavelength. The differential absorption spectrum can be converted to a measured concentration of the reactive gas using calibration data. A determination can be made whether the background composition has substantially changed relative to the background absorption data, and new background absorption data can be used if the background composition has substantially changed. Related systems, apparatus, methods, and/or articles are also described.

Abstract: A portable room air purifier includes a hollow cylindrical air filter disposed within a housing and having an inner surface circumscribing a cylindrical air treatment space and an outer surface. A sorbant material is disposed on the inner surface of the air filter and a germicidal lamp is disposed within the cylindrical air treatment space to emit germicidal light within the space and incident upon the sorbant material on the inner surface of the air filter. A fan is disposed in the housing to draw air from the cylindrical air treatment space through the air filter such that the air enters the filter through the inner surface and exits the filter through the outer surface. The portable room air purifier preferably includes an electrical circuit configured to power the fan and the germicidal lamp when the housing is in an assembled condition, and to deactivate both the fan and the lamp when the housing is disassembled.

Abstract: An improved filtration apparatus, filtering method and filtering material for capturing mercury and other pollutants in pollutant-laden fluid streams such as flue gases generated by process gas streams are disclosed. The improved filtration system may include two pollutant remediation layers, an upstream layer capable of filtering particulates and a downstream layer capable of adsorbing and/or catalyzing pollutants such as mercury, dioxin, furans, and NOx. The improved filtration system may be in the form of a particulate filter bag. The particulate filter bag may be configured for use in a reverse air filtration system with the upstream layer facing an internal volume of the bag. The upstream layer may include an ePTFE layer laminated to the upstream side of the upstream layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to iodinated resins. It relates in particular to a process for preparing a polyiodide-resin wherein an anion exchange resin is contacted with a material capable of donating a member absorbable by the resin so as to convert the resin to the polyiodide-resin. The absorbable member is selected from the group consisting of I.sub.2 and polyiodide ion having a valence of ?1. In the process, conversion of the anion exchange resin to the polyiodide-resin is effected at elevated temperate and/or elevated pressure, the elevated temperature being about 100.degree. C. or higher, the elevated pressure being greater than atmospheric pressure. The present invention also relates to a substance comprising an iodine (impregnated) resin as produced by the above process.

Abstract: A deodorizing device is provided featuring a collection mouthpiece having an intake port and an internal channel, and a pump unit attachable to the collection mouthpiece and operable to draw malodorous air into the intake port and through the internal channel when the collection mouthpiece is attached to the pump unit. Also provided are a pump unit, a filter cartridge, a mount, and methods of assembling and using the same.

Abstract: EMM-11 is a novel synthetic crystalline microporous material having a single crystalline phase with a unique 3-dimensional channel system comprising three sets of channels, namely a first set comprising 10-ring channels, and a second set and third set comprising 8-ring channels. EMM-11 has unique T-atom connectivity and X-ray diffraction pattern which identify it as a novel material. EMM-11 may be prepared with an organic structure directing agent, preferably, 3-isopropyl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium. EMM-11 may be used in organic compounds conversion and absorptive processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a porous metal-organic framework material comprising a bidentate organic compound bound by coordination to a metal ion, the metal ion being AlIII and the bidentate organic compound being 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate, wherein the X-ray diffractogram (XRD) of the framework material has a first reflection in the range from 6.5°<2?<7.5° and a second reflection in the range from 13.8°<2?<15.0°, the area of the first reflection being greatest in relation to the area of all reflections in the range from 2°<2?<70° and the area of the second reflection being second greatest, and the sum of the areas of the first and second reflections giving at least 50% in relation to the total area of all reflections in the range from 2°<2?<70°. The invention further relates to shaped bodies comprising such a framework material, processes for production of the framework material and also to the use of the framework material or of the proposed shaped body.

Abstract: A process and system for recovering waste heat from a kiln used for lime or cement production. The system unifies the kiln, a waste heat recovery and power generation circuit and a dry scrubber for scrubbing the pollutants from the kiln offgas. Essentially, the system employs the boiler component of the waste heat recovery and power generation circuit as a heat exchanger to recover the waste heat from the kiln, which is used to drive the steam turbines. The heat absorption from the latter stage lowers the temperature of the kiln offgas sufficiently for optimum performance from the scrubber. The presence of lime particles in the offgas effectively protects the boiler tube surfaces from corrosion which would occur at optimum scrubber temperatures, and subsequently provides the lime required as a scrubbing medium for the dry scrubber. Further, the efficient scrubbing allows for the use of any fuel for firing the kiln inclusive of high sulphur content compounds.

Abstract: A process and sensor device are disclosed that employ metal ?-diketonate polymers to selectively capture gas-phase explosives and weaponized chemical agents in a sampling area or volume. The metal ?-diketonate polymers can be applied to surfaces in various analytical formats for detection of: improvised explosive devices, unexploded ordinance, munitions hidden in cargo holds, explosives, and chemical weapons in public areas.

Abstract: Hydrogen gas at a hydrogen refueling site is cooled below liquid nitrogen temperature (e.g., about 80K) for more efficient adsorption of hydrogen on hydrogen adsorbent particles in the fuel storage of a hydrogen powered vehicle. When compressed hydrogen gas is available it may be cooled with liquid nitrogen and then sub-cooled below about 70K by a Joule-Thompson expansion. When liquid hydrogen provides hydrogen gas it may be cooled below liquid nitrogen temperatures by mixing with liquid hydrogen or by heat exchange with liquid hydrogen.

Abstract: Plate systems and methods of using them. The plate systems may be used, for example, for the removal of metallic or semi-metallic contaminants from a fluid stream.

Abstract: Hydrogen is stored by adsorbing the hydrogen to a carbon nanomaterial that includes carbon nanospheres. The carbon nanospheres are multi-walled, hollow carbon nanostructures with a maximum diameter in a range from about 10 nm to about 200 nm. The nanospheres have an irregular outer surface and an aspect ratio of less than 3:1. The carbon nanospheres can store hydrogen in quantities of at least 1.0% by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a nanoporous hybrids formed by covalent bonding between a crystalline organic-inorganic hybrid and a gigantic mesoporous metal oxide, containing organic groups on the surface thereof, having a size of 10 nm or more. Since the covalently-bonded hybrid nanoporous composite has a large surface area, a multiple microporous structure, a large pore volume and includes an organic-inorganic hybrid having backbone flexibility, the covalently-bonded hybrid nanoporous composite can be used as materials for storing liquids and gases, such as hydrogen, methane and the like, and can be used as adsorbents, separating materials, catalysts, and the like. Further, the covalently-bonded hybrid nanoporous hybrids can be used in the application fields of biomolecule supporting, drug delivery, harmful material removal, nanoparticle supporter, sensors, catalysis, adsorbents, fluorescent materials, solar cells, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to zeolites having a silica/alumina ratio of less than or equal to 10 (Si/Al?10) that are exchanged with Ag+ and thermally treated in such a way to favor adsorption over alternative catalytic and chemically reactive functionalities. The adsorbents of the present invention and the method of producing such adsorbents maximize the working adsorption capacity through ?-complexation. Applications for such adsorbents include any process in which contaminants from gas streams can form ?-complexes with the Ag in the zeolite, particularly the removal of CO, ethylene, propylene and the like from air and CO/H2 from air in prepurifier adsorbers in the production of ultra high purity (UHP) N2.

Abstract: There is described a method for the removal of gaseous contaminants from the housings of devices sensitive to the presence of such contaminants by means of nanostructured sorbers, wherein the sorber is in the form of a fiber containing an active material at its inside. Nanostructured sorbers and their manufacturing method are also described.

Abstract: A powered air-purifying respirator that includes an enclosure, defining a single contiguous enclosed interior, an inlet duct, including an inlet and a distribution portion, that guides ambient air to the interior of the enclosure, a plurality of filter canisters disposed within the interior of the enclosure, and a blower that forces air through the at least one inlet, into the interior of the enclosure and through the plurality of filter canisters to produce filtered air suitable for breathing. A valve controls the flow of ambient air through the inlet duct. A fluid dam, disposed in an air path between the inlet and the filter canisters prevents liquids from reaching the filter canisters. The enclosure is reinforced and is adapted to provide protection for the filter canister from flame and heat while the filter canister is in use. A recirculation valve recycles previously-filtered air back into the enclosure.

Abstract: An adsorbent article having a base body or matrix onto which is applied an adsorptive coating. The body or matrix can be a honeycomb matrix or structure having a plurality of cells defining a plurality of passages extending through the body. The adsorptive coating comprises an adsorptive media, such as activated carbon or ion exchange resin, that is bound by a polymeric adhesive or resin. A reactant material is preferably included in the adsorptive coating. The adsorbent article has a minimal pressure loss therethrough.

Abstract: A breathing apparatus is operable in self-contained and filtered modes of operation. In the self-contained mode of operation, a breathable gas is delivered to a user from a self-contained source of breathing gas. In a second, filtered mode of operation, a suction source draws ambient air through a filter removing contaminants and delivers filtered ambient air to the user. A method of delivering air to a subject is also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving air quality within an enclosed space. The apparatus provides at least three molecular sieves that contain zeolite material to treat the air to remove toxins such as suspended particles, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, bacteria, formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds, radon, ozone, toxic mould and organic odor-causing compounds. The apparatus uses the sieves such that one of the sieves is locked and retaining air, substantially immobile within, for a period of not less than 2 seconds to allow the zeolite material to breakdown the compounds and release the individual natural elements.

Abstract: Systems and methods for achieving filtration are provided that utilize agglomerates or granules of nanoparticles. The agglomerates or granules of nanoparticles may be used as and/or incorporated into a HEPA filtration system to remove solid or liquid submicron-sized particles, e.g., MPPS, in an efficient and efficacious manner. The filtration systems and methods are provided that utilize agglomerates or granules in a size range of about 100-500 microns. The agglomerates or granules of nanoparticles exhibit a hierarchical fractal structure. In the case of agglomerates of nanoparticles, porosities of 0.9 or greater are generally employed, and for granules of nanoparticles, porosities that are smaller than 0.9 may be employed. Filter media formed from the agglomerates or granules may be formed from materials such as carbon black and fumed silica, and may be employed in baffled or non-baffled filtration apparatus.

Abstract: Methods for recycling a low permeability gas such as krypton in the consolidation process of optical fiber manufacturing. The low permeability gas is sent to a purification unit or plant before being reutilized in the consolidation process. The low permeability gas can be used to produce holes or voids in a cladding region of an optical fiber preform. Upon drawing the optical preform into an optical fiber, the voids become elongated in the direction of draw.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses are described for removing a contaminant, such as a vaporous trace metal contaminant like mercury, from a gas stream. In one embodiment, a primary particulate collection device that removes particulate matter is used. In this embodiment, a sorbent filter is placed within the housing of the primary particulate collection device, such as an electrostatic precipitator or a baghouse, to adsorb the contaminant of interest. In another embodiment, a sorbent filter is placed within or after a scrubber, such as a wet scrubber, to adsorb the contaminant of interest. In some embodiments, the invention provides methods and apparatuses that can advantageously be retrofit into existing particulate collection equipment. In some embodiments, the invention provides methods and apparatuses that in addition to removal of a contaminant additionally remove particulate matter from a gas stream.

Abstract: A gas separation vessel has a vessel shell and a partition therein. A first bed support is mounted between the partition and the shell, and a second bed support is mounted within the partition to define a second bed space. First and second ports on the vessel shell beneath the bed supports permit gas flow between the bed spaces and the exterior of the vessel shell. A separation medium is placed in the bed spaces. A feed gas is introduced into the vessel to flow through the first bed and then through the second bed to separate at least one component of the feed gas from the other intermixed gases. Output gas is then collected from the vessel. The vessel may have a L:D ratio of not more than 4:1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for processing hydrophobic hollow natural fibres, in particular vegetable hollow natural fibres and more particularly kapok fibres, to form material, and to a material obtainable by such a method. The invention furthermore relates to “the use of such a?naterial as absorption medium for apolar substances and a device for performing the method.

Abstract: Systems and methods for achieving filtration are provided that utilize agglomerates or granules of nanoparticles. The agglomerates or granules of nanoparticles may be used as and/or incorporated into a HEPA filtration system to remove solid or liquid submicron-sized particles, e.g., MPPS, in an efficient and efficacious manner. The filtration systems and methods are provided that utilize agglomerates or granules in a size range of about 100-500 microns. The agglomerates or granules of nanoparticles exhibit a hierarchical fractal structure. In the case of agglomerates of nanoparticles, porosities of 0.9 or greater are generally employed, and for granules of nanoparticles, porosities that are smaller than 0.9 may be employed. Filter media formed from the agglomerates or granules may be formed from materials such as carbon black and fumed silica, and may be employed in baffled or non-baffled filtration apparatus.

Abstract: A nano-scale filter (10) includes a porous supporting component (14) and a carbon nanotube filtration membrane (12) sintered on a top surface of the porous supporting component. The porous supporting component has a number of micro-scale pores. The filtration membrane is configured as a network formed by aggregating a number of multi-junction carbon nanotubes. The multi-function carbon nanotubes are selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional junction carbon nanotubes (30, 40, 50, 60), three-dimensional junction carbon nanotubes (20) and an admixture thereof. A method for making the nano-scale filter is also provided.

Abstract: Generally, systems for air and water purification using unpowered charged sorbent mediums (3) which may include layered double hydroxide (LDH) (1) compositions, lignin (2), and methods of sorbing inorganic or organic material(s) onto such mediums, including anionic contaminants (10), cationic contaminants (11), non-ionic organic contaminants (20), and even biological agents (7) such as bacteria or viruses present in liquids or gases.