Abstract: An optical recording and/or reproducing apparatus comprising a light beam generator, a photodetector, an optical path forming device for causing a light beam from the light beam generator to impinge upon an optical disc and for guiding the light beam emanating from the optical disc to the photodector, and a signal generating circuit block operative to obtain based on a detection output obtained from the photodetector a first signal representing a tracking condition of the light beam in relation to a record track portion on the optical disc and a second signal different in phase by substantially ninety degrees from the first signal and to produce a tracking error signal which satisfies the following equation:St=Sl/{K.(Sl.sup.2 +S2.sup.2).sup.1/2+S2}where St stands for the tracking error signal, Sl stands for the first signal, S2 stands for the second signal and K stands for a constant equal to or more than 1.

Abstract: A continuous row of interlocking fastener elements made of a plastic monofilament is used on a slide fastener. The coupling head of each fastener element has in its front face at the middle a groove extending longitudinally of the fastener element row and also has, one on its each side, a pair of opposed arcuate protuberances merging with the bottom of the groove and protruding longitudinally of the fastener element row.

Abstract: An air filter arrangement for a gas engine which is used in a dirty environment such as roof removing machines which covers the air inlet to the fan and consists of an annular air filter and a foam air filter which fit over the fan air inlet and which is held in place by a plate that attaches it to the engine.

Abstract: A HF surgery device had a microprocessor and a comparator which in combination generate a control signal which acts on a rectified operating voltage, which drive a HF generator. The HF generator can be modulated with a modulation signal. In order to automatically maintain the effective output power at a constant level in the event of a modulation of the HF generator, the microprocessor forms a reference value from the modulation signal and from a prescribed setting signal for setting a HF output power. The reference value is compared to the operating voltage in the comparator for forming the control signal.

Abstract: An optical waveguide device is disclosed which comprises a KTiOPO.sub.4 single crystal substrate and an amorphous optical waveguide formed of Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 or Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 doped with TiO.sub.2. A second harmonic generator device in the form of the Cerenkov radiation using the optical waveguide has high SHG efficiency. Since the Cerenkov angle can be made small by optimizing the dimensions, the spread angle of the SHG light can be made small.

Abstract: A method and circuit for reducing the load of the microprocessor unit of a microprocessor controlled, serial interface circuit. The transmission side of the interface circuit has a first auxiliary stage that, dependent on the presetting by the microprocessor unit generates a control bit stream and transmits a data bit stream from a serial bit stream converter stage. A self-generated data bit stream generates prompter signals for the microprocessor unit and the reception side of the interface circuit has a second auxiliary stage that recognizes message changes over a predetermined time period and generates a prompter signal when the message change occurs.

Abstract: A fan jet nozzle for surface coating, particularly for high-pressure spraying, is created whose inside dome is not fashioned rotationally-symmetrical. The dome interior is semicircular in the one plane of section in which the nozzle slot extends, but is ogive in the plane perpendicular thereto, the plane which is perpendicular to the lengthwise plane of the fan jet nozzle slot. The two sections, semicircular and ogive, steadily verge into one another around the center axis of the nozzle. The dome configuration results in less wear from abrasion of spraying fluid through the nozzle slot, in particular, onto the wall edge between the dome and the nozzle slot.

Abstract: In radio operation in tactical use, an increased jamming resistance with respect to intentional jamming is required. For protection against intentional jamming, frequency hopping techniques have proven very advantageous in which the signals are transmitted in the form of successive error-protected signal blocks where each signal block is transmitted on a different radio carrier frequency which changes in a pseudo-random manner. With this technique, phase shifts can occur which are greater than half a bit and therefore make analysis of the signal blocks difficult or impossible. It is proposed herein that each received signal block be checked after regeneration in a regenerative repeater, controlled by a bit clock pulse, as to its correct block phase and therefore, respectively, newly establish the block clock pulse phase required for further accurate processing of a signal block.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an LED display means, whereby a plurality of LED chips are arranged on a system carrier composed of interconnects and the LED chips are individually respectively embedded in a light-guiding channel composed of a transparent plastic allocated thereto and having a light exit window. The method enables the realization of surface-mountable LED displays that can be flow-soldered. The specifically designed system carrier is equipped with sealing and supporting webs and those locations provided with the LED chips are enveloped with a diffusely scattering, transparent plastic for the formation of mutually separated light-guiding channels. After solidification of the plastic, the sealing and supporting webs in the inside of the system carrier are removed in a first punch-free process and the light-guiding channels and the inside regions of the system carriers surrounding light-guiding channels are then provided with a reflective envelope.

Abstract: A lockable slider for a slide fastener comprises a slider body having a guide channel, a cover member having an elongate aperture, a locking member, and a switching means movable in the aperture between a first position in which to advance the locking member into the guide channel and a second position in which to retract the locking member away from the guide channel.

Abstract: An improved drive unit for a jack mechanism which is formed from an inexpensive stamping and it can be attached to the control shaft of a jack by staking, welding or other matter and which can be bent into a shape which has an opening to receive a flatted handle for operating the jack and which also has manual extensions which can be used to manually lower and raise the jack.

Abstract: A medical apparatus has an apparatus part which is motor-adjustable relative to a surface in a direction of at least one degree of freedom. A sensing card means comprising a plurality of sensing cards forms a matrix-like grid which is attachable to the surface in a range of adjustment of the apparatus part. The sensing cards each output a signal given the presence of a subject in the region of the respective sensing card. The signals output by these sensing cards are evaluated in dependence upon the desired adjustment direction in such a way that only the sensing card or cards of the matrix-like grid lying in the desired adjustment direction is or are taken into consideration. An adjustment of the apparatus part in the desired adjustment direction is suppressed when at least one sensing card taken into consideration outputs a signal indicating the presence of a subject.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for speaker recognition in a telephone switching system. For a speaker recognition in a system particularly fashioned as an ISDN communications system, speech specimens are input into a telephone terminal equipment (T1, T2) and are pre-processed there, being, in particular, sampled with a sampling rate that is greater in comparison to the standard sampling rate. The samples are intermediately stored in the telephone terminal equipment (T1, T2), are read-out with the standard sampling frequency and are transmitted to a switching system (VA) in which the actual speaker recognition (SPR) is carried out.

Abstract: A device for biological tissue stimulation continually undertakes an evaluation of the stimulation sensitivity of the biological tissue to be stimulated, so that the stimulation energy can be set at a level just high enough to evoke a tissue response. Each evaluation ensues by stimulating the tissue with progressively lower energy levels, until no tissue response is detected. In order to improve matching of the stimulation energy to the varying stimulation sensitivity, and to keep the number of unsuccessful stimulation attempts, which occur during each evaluation, low, a device is disclosed wherein calculation of the stimulation sensitivity occurs at periodic time intervals, each time interval having a duration which is selected dependent on the variation in the stimulation sensitivity between the two most recently occurring calculations of the stimulation sensitivity. The device may be, for example, a heart pacemaker. A method for tissue stimulation is also disclosed.

Abstract: In an information processing system in which predetermined information is processed on the basis of coordinate data x, y, the coordinate data x, y is inputted through a coordinate inputting means such as a pen and tablet arrangement. Inputted loci are detected by sequentially accepting the coordinate data x, y. The processing mode of the information processing system is switched according to the configuration of the inputted loci. By switching the processing mode in response to the configuration of the inputted loci, the operation mode can be switched. For example, by moving the pen on the tablet in a jumped or reversed direction manner, the processing mode such as storing of a window can be effected.

Abstract: A clamping arrangement for clamping a cylindrical shaft of a tool in a dental handpiece includes a clamping sleeve having resilient tongues for gripping the cylindrical shaft and being capable of being moved radially outward by an adjustable plunger to release the shaft. In order to achieve a largely wear-free tool guidance, the tool shaft is held at least at its distal end of the tool in a guide bushing, which is firmly joined to the hollow shaft. The guide contains an arrangement which enables axial mobility of the plunger, prevents twisting of the plunger so as to enable transmission of the force between the plunger and a manipulator which actuates the plunger.

Abstract: A framed picture illuminating device comprises a light fixture having a bracket for attachment to the picture frame and a shelf portion to project forwardly from the frame, an elongated housing structure has a base wall resting on the shelf portion, an elongated concave reflector supported by the housing is reflective toward the picture, a fluorescent light tube is supported operatively in the reflector. The housing is adjustable on the shelf portion in keeping with the cross sectional width of the frame bar to which attached and for attaining desired illumination results with respect to the subject matter of the picture.

Abstract: In a method for controlling and/or monitoring wherein a polling unit (7, 8) exchanges information with processor units (6) in a callin mode, the processor units (6) can be switched from a first to a second transmission mode. In the first transmission mode, the telegrams are through-connected without intermediate storage; in the second transmission mode, they are through-connected only given freedom from error. The method can be advantageously employed in equipment for in-service monitoring of equipment of communication transmission technology.

Abstract: A gradient coil assembly for a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes respective gradient coils for the x-gradient and y-gradient which are flat coils provided at the respective planar pole surfaces of the fundamental field magnet. The gradient coils each consist of a number of turns, each turn including a straight conductor element and a return element which proceeds as azimuthally relative to the edge of the coil. The assembly also includes correction coils formed by two identical conductor segments, each segment contain arcuate conductor groups which are provided for correcting the linearity of the gradients in the edge regions of the gradient coils.