Abstract: In a track tamping machine, opposed pivotally mounted tamping arms are oscillated by respective single acting hydraulic cylinders controlled by one or more hydraulic duplex rotary distributing valves. Fluid supply and return lines for each piston assembly are connected to a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid by way of a respective rotary valve. Each valve has a stationary ported shell which receives a rotary cylindrical spool having a pair of axially displaced supply and return throughports which alternately register with supply and return line ports in the shell to open and close the connections between the oscillating cylinder and the supply and return lines. Such oscillating cylinders are useful in controlling the vibration of the tamper arms in a track tamper unit.

Abstract: This invention provides a frequency-synthesizer type transceiver having a voltage-controlled oscillator and means for comparing the phases of mixed frequency, whereby the voltage-controlled oscillator is regulated by signals resulting from the phase comparison to generate a controlled frequency serving as the local oscillator frequency for transmitting and receiving. The frequency-synthesizer type transceiver further includes a means for selectively switching from the one carrier frequency to the other to differentiate the transmitting and receiving frequencies.

Abstract: The growth of a solid obtained by cooling a liquid solution is observed and controlled by measuring the variation in volume of the solid-liquid system at the time of solidification. The method is applicable to the control of oriented crystallization from an initial crystal seed or epitaxial growth on a substrate having a suitable crystal orientation. The rate of crystallization can be controlled by means of a furnace provided with means for producing regulated thermal gradients, temperature-measuring means, a chamber filled with an inert liquid, an open-topped container filled with the liquid to be solidified and immersed in the inert liquid, the container being suspended from one arm of the beam of an electrobalance.

Abstract: In a lighting fixture, glare-free uniform illumination is achieved by means of a plurality of nested generally frusto-conical reflectors surrounding the light source of the fixture. The reflectors are shaped and positioned relative to one another and to the light source to concentrate light in the range of 65 to 71 degrees from downward vertical and to cause the intensity of the light to progressively decrease as the angle from downward vertical decreases from 65 degrees toward zero. The projected light from the fixture is concentrated in the 65 to 71 degree range from downward vertical in part by light radiated from the source at near horizontal and higher angles being doubly reflected between the frusto-conical reflectors and then projected in the high angle range. The reflectors are positioned relative to one another, to the light source and to baffles, to cut off any light from being projected at an angle from downward vertical greater than 75 degrees.

Abstract: Composite mutually exclusive field-accessed circuit elements common to a plurality of bubble paths. A channel composed of mutually exclusive circuit elements is linked to an adjacent parallel channel of mutually exclusive circuit elements by means of circuit element portions common to both channels. The interconnected channels are operated mutually exclusively by means of corresponding pulsed field sequences. Transfer between the linked channels is via the common circuit element portion. Several new types of propagation circuits are also discussed along with organizations for mutually exclusive major and minor closed loops featuring controlled transfer via common circuit element portions.

Abstract: An excellent catalyst for the reduction of nitrogen oxides is obtained by mixing a specific aluminum-containing substance with a specific iron-containing substance in water and baking the resultant precipitate.

Abstract: A polyester film is disclosed which comprises (a) a polyester mainly consisting of polyethylene terephthalate which includes first inert particles being precipitated in the polyester-forming reaction system and having an average particle diameter of 1 to 3 microns and which shows a solution haze of 25 to 75% and (b) an additive amount of second inert substance particles which are added to said polyester (a) insoluble in said polyester (a), inert to the polyester-forming reaction and have an average particle diameter of 1 to 5 microns. The film is useful as a base of a magnetic tape.

Abstract: An expansible chamber energy conversion machine, such as an internal combustion engine, in which one or more reciprocating pistons drivably revolve a nutating member about an output torque delivery shaft in a manner to enable variation in piston stroke distance. The nutating member forms part of a variable speed ratio transmission and is adjustably supported on an axis inclined to the output shaft by an eccentric sleeve rotatable with respect to a support rotatable on the shaft axis. Piston reciprocation is translated to the nutating member by way of arm-like extensions of the nutating member and swivel links.

Abstract: In a sample used to test the accuracy of an instrument designed to quantitatively analyze organic material from the optical characteristics of the material, a sealed container is filled with a mixture of ground quartz and the organic material to be analyzed in the instrument. A window is provided in the sealed container to permit irradiation of the mixture so that the instrument can perform a quantitative analysis on the mixture in the sealed container.

Abstract: In a method of immersion of a massive part such as a hydrocarbon storage tank on the ocean floor, the storage tank is placed over the immersion site, then lowered by means of ballast floats so that the top of the tank is close to the surface of the water. The lower end of a first rigid column also fitted with ballast floats is attached to the tank and pivotally displaced from a horizontal position at the surface of the water to a totally submerged vertical position. A number of columns are attached successively in end-to-end relation and pivotally displaced until the storage tank reaches the ocean floor.

Abstract: The middle ear space is vented through the tympanic membrane by a piece of porous plastic material positioned to extend through the tympanic membrane. The pore size is in the range of 5 to 25 micrometers in diameter to effectively prevent water passage and permit tissue ingrowth a few pores deep from the tympanic membrane into the side walls of the vent. The vent is generally cylindrical in shape provided with a section of reduced cross-sectional area intermediate its ends, which section engages the tympanic membrane when the vent is in position.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for heating and removing moisture from moist or watery material, wherein a watery material is introduced into one end of a rotating cylindrical drum having a section divided into a number of longitudinally extending compartments including a center compartment and circumferential compartments surrounding the center compartment and each accommodating freely disposed packing members. A hot gas is blown axially through the drum while the packing members in the respective compartments are caused to tumble in contact with the watery material to transfer the sensible heat of the hot gas thereto.

Abstract: A fibre bundle is first formed of entangled fibres by use of a tapered mold of an extruder. Then, the fibre bundle thus formed is dipped into an urethane prepolymer to fill the spaces among fibres by impregnating it with said prepolymer. After removal from the liquid prepolymer, it is left for a period of time to allow the reactions among the constituents in the prepolymer and the volatilization of solvent generate gases to form gas escape holes or capillary passages along the length of the fibre bundle.

Abstract: The monomolecular layer is first formed from a solution of amphiphilic molecules by introduction of the solution on a liquid surface which is divided into at least two compartments by at least one rotatable and partly immersed horizontal member. The solvent is then removed and the horizontal member is driven in rotation so as to apply a predetermined pressure to said layer as this latter is transferred from one compartment to the next, the layer being finally deposited on a substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substance which is obtained by calcining an iron hydroxide or a water-containing iron oxide and coating the surface of the resultant calcined product with alumina. This substance is useful as a catalyst in the removal of nitrogen oxides from an exhaust gas containing the nitrogen oxides.

Abstract: Opposed pivotally mounted tamper arms are oscillated by respective single-acting hyraulic piston assemblies controlled by separate hydraulic duplex rotary distributing valves. Fluid supply and return lines for each piston assembly are connected to a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid via the respective rotary valve. Each valve has a stationary ported shell which receives a rotary cylindrical spool having a pair of axially displaced supply and return throughports which alternately register with supply and return line ports in the shell to open and close the connections between the respective piston assembly and the supply and return lines. While the rotary valves are preferably driven by a common drive unit, the relative phase of the oscillations of the arms can be determined by rotationally offsetting one of the spools with respect to the other by the desired phase angle.

Abstract: The heat-insulating panel designed to be applied against a wall to be protected consists of two parallel sheet-metal sealing elements of small thickness which are welded together at their periphery and form an enclosed space in which is mounted a stack of thin wire-fabric elements and perforated plates or grids in alternate relation. The free spaces between the wire-fabric elements and the perforated plates communicate with each other and are filled with an inert gas. A leak-tight welded joint is formed between the non-perforated peripheral portion of the plates and the sheet-metal sealing elements.

Abstract: A device for guiding control rods of the absorber-pin cluster type and placed above the reactor core comprises a rigid top plate applied against the reactor vessel and provided with openings joined to long vertical tubes in which the control rod assembly is slidably mounted, an intermediate plate below coolant outlets for the sliding displacement of each absorber pin through corresponding apertures in said plate, and short connecting tubes which preferably provide a mechanical connection between the intermediate plate and a bottom plate and serve to guide the absorber pins, or alternatively short connecting tubes which guide the absorber pins and support members rigidly connected between the plates.

Abstract: Scale is formed in a closed system wherein an exhaust gas containing sulfur dioxide is treated with an aqueous solution containing an organic acid alkali salt to remove the sulfur dioxide in the form of gypsum from the exhaust gas. The method disclosed herein prevents formation of scale in such a closed system.

Abstract: A tapping device having at least two components for use in rethreading damaged threads in a tapped opening or for tapping an opening in a workpiece, wherein the thread cutting member is inserted into the opening and its cutting surface is held in place and is pressed against the work surface by one or more guide members that have also been inserted into the opening and wedged tightly adjacent the cutting member. The cutting member and the guide member are then rotated as a unit and threads are tapped or retapped in the work surface.