Abstract: In an optical waveguide device, a rectangle, which uses a filter insertion groove as its diagonal line and uses points on filter insertion grooves adjacent to the above filter insertion groove as its apexes, is assumed as a unit rectangle, and the size of the optical waveguide device is set to an integer multiple of the unit rectangle. In this case, even if filter insertion grooves are formed in a state in which a plurality of the optical waveguide devices are disposed in matrix, the respective optical waveguide devices can be formed in the same shape. Further, the filter insertion grooves formed to the respective optical waveguide devices do not divide portions other than the target portion of other optical waveguide devices. Therefore, the manufacturing processes of the optical waveguide device can be simplified and are suitable for mass production, and manufacturing cost can be suppressed thereby.

Abstract: A method of restricting access to recorded digital data on a digital support medium (2) using an integrated circuit e.g. on a smart card (4) containing a first decryption key (Kf) characterized in encrypting with a corresponding encryption key (Kf) one or more elements of the volume descripter (V) of the support medium (2), recording the encrypted elements of the volume descripter together with non-encrypted data on the support medium and, when accessing the support medium (2), using the integrated circuit decryption key (Kf) to decrypt the encrypted elements of the volume descripter (V) and to supply a reader (5) with these elements so as to permit the reading and/or writing of non-encrypted data on the support medium (2).

Abstract: There is provided a switch 10 for connecting a first terminal with a second terminal electrically. The switch 10 includes: the first terminal 46; the second terminal 26 and a third terminal 28 confronting said first terminal 46; driving means 70 for driving the first terminal 46 in the direction of the second terminal 26 and the third terminal 28; and an electrostatic coupling section 72 including a first electrode 50 and a second electrode 30 confronting each other for attracting the first terminal 46 in the direction of the second terminal 26 and the third terminal 28 by electrostatic force.

Abstract: An interleaving A/D conversion type waveform digitizer module comprising a means for eliminating spurious components resulting from phase errors according to N A/D converters, wherein the digitizer samples signals continually with a predetermined timing corresponding to a interleaving configuration of the A/D converters, receives signals outputted by a tested device to be tested, converts the signals into digital signals, performs Fourier-transform of the digital signals and performs interleaving.

Abstract: A heat-resistant film includes a film substrate and a heat-resistant slip layer. The heat-resistant slip layer is disposed on one surface of the film substrate and contains a binder and a slip additive, which is a higher fatty acid metal salt composition containing a free higher fatty acid in an amount of 3 to 30 wt % and a metal salt of a higher fatty acid. With this heat-resistant film, a good heat-resistivity and slipperiness are obtained even when the slip additive is contained in the heat-resistant slip layer in relatively small amounts. The slip additive improves the solution stability of the coating composition used to form the heat-resistant slip layer. Preferably, the free higher fatty acid is stearic acid and the metal salt of higher fatty acid is aluminum stearate.

Abstract: An apparatus that uses a linear voltage regulator to reject power supply noise in a temperature sensor is provided. Further, a method for using a linear voltage regulator to reject power supply noise in a temperature sensor is provided. Further, a method and apparatus that uses a differential amplifier with a source-follower output stage as a linear voltage regulator for a temperature sensor is provided.

Abstract: A variety of large diameter PDC cutters for use in drill bits are disclosed. Specifically, various PDC cutters having a diameter between 19.0 mm and 25.0 mm are disclosed. The various PDC cutters disclosed include an elliptical PDC cutter, wherein a major diameter of the elliptical cutter is selected from a range of 19.0 mm to 25.0 mm, a circular PDC cutter, wherein a diameter of the circular cutter falls between 19.0 mm and 25.0 mm, and a non-planar substrate cutter, wherein a diameter of the non-planar cutter falls between 19.0 mm and 25.0 mm. Additionally, the thickness of the diamond table is increased as compared to prior art PDC cutters. The increase in diamond table thickness results in improved durability and performance.

Abstract: Oxygen is mixed with heater drain water of power plant which contains fine particles of iron oxides such that the concentration of the dissolved oxygen in the heater drain water after the mixing of oxygen is in a range from 1 &mgr;g/liter to 20 &mgr;g/liter. The obtained heater drain water after oxygen mixing is filtered through a filter such as a hollow fiber filter to remove fine particles of iron oxides.

Abstract: A probe card transmits high frequency signals between an integrated circuit under test and a semiconductor-testing device. The probe card includes a substrate, a signal transmission path formed on the substrate, a contactor formed on an end portion of the signal transmission path on one side of the substrate, a grounding conductor grounded, and a hole. The contactor is made of a metallic glass material, which shows a nature of viscous fluidity in the supercooled liquid region. The contactor is separated from the substrate over the hole. The contactor elastically contacts a pad of the circuit under test.

Abstract: A method and apparatus determines whether there is an invalid address translation entry in a first translation look-aside buffer. If there is an invalid address translation entry in the first translation look-aside buffer, an invalid address translation entry in the first translation look-aside buffer is replaced. If there is no invalid address translation entry in the first translation look-aside buffer, a method and apparatus determines whether there is an invalid address translation entry in a second translation look-aside buffer. If there is an invalid address translation entry in the second translation look-aside buffer, an invalid address translation entry in the second translation look-aside buffer is replaced.

Abstract: A transmission system for a four wheel drive vehicle includes an input shaft (2) connected to a differential mechanism (4, 6, 10), which has two output shafts (12, 20), which are connected, in use, to respective pairs of driven wheels of the vehicle. The two output shafts carry first and second coaxially mounted sun wheels (S1, S2, respectively), of an epicyclic gear system which mesh with first and second sets of planet wheels (P1, P2, respectively), the epicyclic gear system including a third sun wheel (S3), which is mounted coaxially with the first and second sun wheels and is in mesh with a third set of planet wheels (P3). The gear ratios of the three meshing sun wheels and sets of planet wheels are different.

Abstract: A standard clock 34 is input to a phase comparator 52 and a phase controller 56. The ring oscillator 50 oscillates a shift clock 70 having a same cycle as the standard clock 34. The phase comparator 52 matches the downward shift of the shift clock 70 with the downward shift of the standard clock 34 to output a shift clock 72. The shift clock 72 is supplied to the pulse inserter 54. The phase controller 56 receives the standard clock 34 and generates a phase control signal 74 indicating cycles of the shift clock 72 to which the insert-pulses are inserted among a plurality of cycles of the shift clock 72. The pulse inserter 54 inserts the insert-pulses to the cycles of the shift clock indicated by the phase control signal 74. The phase-lock unit 58 generates a delay clock 82 by delaying the phase of the shift clock 70 oscillated by the ring oscillator 50 with respect to the phase of the standard clock, based on the standard clock and the shift clock 76 including the insert-pulses.

Abstract: A method and apparatus that uses the difference between two nodal voltages, such as a temperature-independent voltage and a temperature-dependent voltage, to determine the actual temperature at a point on an integrated circuit is provided. Further, a method and apparatus that converts a difference between nodal voltages in an integrated circuit from an analog to a digital quantity on the integrated circuit such that the difference in voltage may be used by an on-chip digital system is provided. Further, a method and apparatus for quantifying a difference in voltage between a first node and a second node of a temperature sensor is provided.

Abstract: A contact 4 for a PGA socket 1 is formed with a plate-like base portion 41, a pair of projecting portions 42a, 42b provided continuously at one end of the base portion 41 to extend in a direction substantially equal to the base portion, a turned portion 43 provided continuously at the other end of the base portion 41 to face the base portion 41, and a tail portion 44 provided continuously at the other end of the base portion 41 not to face the base portion 41. The turned portion 43 is provided with a contact portion 43a contacting a pin of a PGA package on a surface of the turned portion 43 not facing the base portion 41. This prevents flux from adhering on the contact portion 43a of the contact 4 when the contact 4 is soldered on a board.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes a plurality of composite reverse osmosis membrane modules arranged in multi-stages, each of the modules including a porous support and a polyamide skin layer formed on the porous support. In this apparatus, the module at the final stage is supplied with some of permeated water obtained from at least one module preceding the module at the final-stage, and a rest of the permeated water is discharged from or recovered in the apparatus along with permeated water obtained from the final-stage module.

Abstract: An ink fountain mechanism for adjustably metering the thickness of of ink in a plurality of zones axially across a fountain roller for a printing press includes a plurality of metering blocks, horizontally aligned and axially adjacent to one another with side-by-side upper support surfaces forming a substantially continuous support surface along the length of the fountain roller. Each upper surface of the metering blocks is adjustably spaced from the ink receiving fountain roller. A plurality of adjustment bolts are each separately and threadably engaged with each of the plurality of metering blocks. The adjustment bolts are slideably supported in a main beam that extends the length of the fountain roller. A plurality of lever actuated cams are pivotably held adjacent to the heads of each of the adjustment bolts.

Abstract: A modem device driver, particularly for use in a receiver/decoder (2020) for a digital broadcast system in which received signals are passed through a receiver to the receiver/decoder and thence to a television set. The receiver/decoder is controlled by a virtual machine (4007) which includes a run time engine (4008). The receiver/decoder includes a plurality of interfaces to external units, and logical driver devices for the interfaces. A device driver (500) for controlling a modem interface comprises a buffer memory (503) for receiving messages, a control memory (502) for storing control parameters, and a logic unit (501) for controlling the device driver and the flow of messages. The logic unit includes a comparator (511) for matching Event, ACK, an NACK patterns stored in the control memory against the end of messages stored in the buffer memory.

Abstract: A SSTL interface voltage translator that uses dynamic biasing to translate an input signal to an output signal is provided. The voltage translator uses a first device that, dependent on a first bias signal, causes the output signal to be pulled down, where the first bias signal is dependent on the input signal. The voltage translator also uses a second device that, dependent on a second bias signal, causes the output signal to be pulled up, where the second bias signal is dependent on the input signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for forming a hydrophilic layer on a surface of polymer layer of a reflector economically and safely. The method for manufacturing a reflector includes steps of molding a base body of the reflector; forming reflective layer for reflecting light on a surface of the base body; forming a layer of water-repellent polymer on a surface of the reflective layer; and performing hydrophilic treatment on a surface of the polymer layer using plasma of gaseous argon.

Abstract: An interleaving A/D conversion type waveform digitizer module comprising a means for eliminating spurious components resulting from phase errors according to N A/D converters, wherein the digitizer samples signals continually with a predetermined timing corresponding to a interleaving configuration of the A/D converters, receives signals outputted by a tested device to be tested, converts the signals into digital signals, performs Fourier-transform of the digital signals and performs interleaving.